lips on Chicken
Cookery Studied
By Unit Women
"Americans have always loved
chicken barbecued, broiled,
fried and roasted," announced
Charles M. Fischer, Poultry
Marketing Specialist of Oregon
State University, "but until a
few years ago the serving was
restricted to a few months dur
ing the year. Today it has be
come a specialized industry sat
isfying the all-year-demand of
the nation."
Fischer visited Morrow county
on April 18 in Irrigon, and April
19 in Heppner, training 26 wo
men in the art of chicken bar
becuing and giving them infor
mation on poultry, as well.
"Poultry Cookery" will be the
topic of the unit extension les
sons during the month of May,
according to Esther Kirmis, Mor
row county extension agent.
There are two essentials need
ed in barbecuing chicken, in
structed the specialist, a place
for burning the fuel and a grill
for the chicken. For a backyard
barbecue you may use a simple
pit consisting of as little as four
bricks placed on end and an
oven rack borrowed from your
stove.
He advocated the use of eight
cinder blocks (8x16x4 inches)
one block long, one block wide,
and two blocks high, arranged
in a square. In place of the oven
rack you may purchase hard
ware cloth or welded wire fab
ric at a hardware store and use
it for a grill, he said. The entire
pit can be purchased for less
than $5.00.
Metal barbecue pits are also
satisfactory for barb e c u i n g
chicken, continued the poultry
specialist, be sure to raise the
grill high enough to keep the
chicken from burning. The dis
tance between the chicken and
the fire should be about 12
inches.
Fuel and Fire
Charcoal briquetts are pre
ferred as the all-artound fuel
because they are convenient to
handle and carry and they burn
for a long time with a steady
even heat, said the OSU man.
In a small pit, use about 1
pound of briquetts per half
chicken (2 pound broiler is
best split in half).
Barbecuing the Chicken
Place the chicken halves
(which have been previously
rubbed with teaspoon smoke
salt) on the grill with the skin
side up. Turn the chicken halves
every two to five minutes, de
pending on the heat, and baste
with fresh butter. Use a pair
of tongs for turning. Allow 1
hour to IV hours for cooking.
To test for doneness, twist the
drumstick. If it pulls out with
CHARLES M. FISCHER
Poultry Marketing Specialist
Oregon State College
the flesh adhering, the chicken
is done.
The Menu
The chicken should be the
real center of attraction, so don't
overload the menu with frills,
cautioned the poultry specialist.
Potato salad or potato chips,
cranberry sauce, rolls and but
ter and coffee or milk round out
a good barbecue menu.
Locally trained project lead
ers on chicken barbecuing will
show their unit women the
"Know-how" of barbecuing at
the following meetings.
May 1 Rhea Creek Grange
hall, Rhea Creek extension unit.
May 2 L. A. McCabe home,
lone extension unit.
May 7 Ray Drake home,
Heppner extension unit.
May 8 Pine City school, Pine
City extension unit.
May 9 Old Irrigon school,
Irrigon extension unit.
May 14 Guy Ferguson home,
Boardman extension unit.
Local project leaders will con
tact members before their May
meetings to take orders for the
number of chicken halves they
need to order, informed Miss
Kirmis.
Bulletins on "Tips on Barbe
cuing," "Chicken Recipes,"
"Cooking the Big and Small
Turkey," and "Nine Easy Ways
to Cook Eggs," are available at
the county agent's office in
Heppner.
HEPPNER GAZETTE-TIMES, Thursday. April 25, 1963
Jim Dyess Discusses 14 Wheat legislation
Mrs. George Wilken of Dryden,
Wn., and daughter and son-in-law,
Mr. and Mrs. Ed Rich, and
son, Brad, all of Wenatchee, Wn.,
are visiting this week with Mr.
and Mrs. Riley Munkers. Mrs.
Munkers and Mrs. Wilken are
sisters.
Mrs. Lyle Jensen and Mrs. Lee
Palmer took Mrs. Lincoln Nash
to Portland April 13 to be with
her daughter and family, Mr.
and Mrs. Bob Parsons.
Remarks of James B. Dyess,
Northwest Area Director, Agri
cultural Stabilization and Con
servation Service, before a
group of Wheat Growers at
Heppner, Oregon on April 22,
1963.
In order to put our wheat
grower's problem in proper per
spective, let's take a quick look
at the make up of our whole
economy.
This nation is blessed or
cursed, depending on your view
pointwith a huge abundance
or productive capacity. As a
matter of fact, we have, or can
get, more of most everything
that we use or enjoy. Our total
economy could be classified in
three broad categories Indus
try, labor and Agriculture.
In each category we have over
abundance, and as a people we
attempt to do something about
it.
First, let's consider industry
we have excess unused plant
capacity throughout our manfac
turing complex. In steel, in farm
machinery, in autos, in ladies
silk hose, in bedspreads you
name it and its probably got
excess capacity.
This is not evil it is insur
ance against future need. But it
is expensive to the public. There
are few enough individual pro
ducers that each can tailor his
production to supply the de
mand at a price which will re
turn a profit and offset the cost
of the unused plant capacity.
Now consider labor. Here, too,
we have over abundance. Many
on our labor force are under em
ployed. Many mpre are unem
ployed. The rate runs 4 to 6
of the entire labor force. From
a social viewpoint, this is bad,
but from strict economics, it
would be agreed that again this
is insurance. In the case of la
bor, the unused productive ca
pacity is paid for by unemploy
ment insurance.
Our third area of super
abundance of productive capac
ity is Agriculture. But here we
meet special problems because
of the number of farms involved.
The individual can do nothing
about his excess productive ca
pacity unless his neighbors do
likewise. It is only through the
cooperative effort of all produc
ers that they can effectively idle
a part of their plant capacity
and receive enough to repay
them for their efforts and offset
the cost of unused plant capac
ity. Through cooperative efforts of
wheat growers, working through
Government, some measure of
success along these lines has
been obtained.
Price supports have been
made available to producers
who idled part of their farm
plant. In theory, the price sup
port, or loan, was to provide
ready cash until the producer
could market his crops through
regular channels at a fair price.
But the theory fell down when
the adjustment was based on
acres instead of bushels. Farm
productivity increased at double
the industrial rate, so that, in
stead of aiding in orderly mark
eting, Government storage pro
vided a large share of the
market. The resulting huge pile
of wheat represents a waste of
manpower, money and natural
resources.
A continuation of this sit
uation was unthinkable from an
economic standpoint and un
bearable from a taxpayers
etnnHnnint. A taxoaver revolt
seemed imminent when storage
costs alone for this Government
grain rose above $1 million per
day. ....
So something had to be done
a ditterent approacn was mui-
cated, actually a solution was
available, and had been for a
good many years.
Back in the littu s your own
Senator McNary advocated a
two price plan for wheat. He
was backed in this by the Ore
gon Wheat Growers and I sus
pect that the advocacy of such
a plan has been one of the
tenets nf the Oregon Wheat
Growers League since its incep
tion.
His plan was relatively sim
plebut life was not so com
plex in those days either. He
proposed that the Government
stanH rpariv to Durchase all
wheat produced at full parity,
and what couicin t ne soia do
mestically would be dumped in
the export market for whatever
it would bring. In those days
our production was usually one
or two hundred million bushels
more than our domestic con
sumption and export sales were
made for as low as 40 cents
per bushel.
In thnsp rfavs this Dlan Drob-
ably would have worked, but
it was twice passed by Congress
and vetoed bv the President.
Again, in 1956, a two price
plan for wheat also sponsored
by the Oregon wneat urowers
League as well as the National
Association of Wheat Growers
passed the Congress only to be
vetoed. This plan was more so
phisticated than the original do
mestic parity plan of the 1920's.
It retained the concept of acre
age allotments which our grow
ers have lived with off and on
since 1938 but it also considered
our export markets as a dump
ing ground for our surplus pro
duction. Finallv. in the Food and Ag
riculture Act of 1962 the wheat
growers got a two price plan
Pub
Auction
FARM
AND EQUIPMENT
Wednesday, May I, 1:30 Sharp
Newt O'Harra Ranch, Lexington
through Congress and signed by
. i i-i ; . , .
ine rrcsiut'iu.
This plan retains some of the
better features of recent pro-
orams snrh as nrice sUDDOrtS
and land retirement, and com
bines them with the better feat
ures of the two price plans of
past years, uur export mantei
nnHw this new nrncram is con
sidered as a food wheat market,
and the wneat priced according
ly. At least we have recognized
that thp rilimnind nf excess
wheat into the world market
is no solution to our problem.
It would not benefit our farm
ers and would create confusion
and economic ruin for friendly
exporting nations.
Arrpauo allotments nlus bu
shel quotas serve as a means
of limiting production to actual
needs.
fnntrarv to what some critics
say, this wheat program can be
one of the most nexioie iarm
programs ever devised.
If the feed grain bill sched
uled to be considered by the
House of Representatives Wed
nesday passes congress ana is
clan or! in to law. it will nermit
the virtually free interchange-
ability ot all grains.
The producer who cooperates
in hnth tha wheat and feed
grain programs can combine his
wneat allotment ana nis iceu
grain acres, and plant what
pvpr drain wheat, harlev. corn.
or milo in any proportion he de
sires on his acreage.
There is even a special pro
vision annlirahlo nrimarilv to
this area which permits a grower
to substitute wneat on nis oat
and rye acreage.
Thon hu moans of his market
ing certificates, the grower's
share of the tood marKet Doin
domestic and foreign will be
sold at the food wheat price of
$2.02 in this county, and the
balance of his production will
move into the feed market at
competitive feed prices $1.32 in
this county. This will not ad
versely affect the feed market
because wheat on feed grain
acres are in lieu of other feed
ermine ami nil thp average. Over
the nation, the total tonnage
of feed grains will not ne in
orpasorf
Because of over excess plant
capacity, in order to participate,
some additional acreage on the
farm would be idled. However,
tho farmpr will hp romtwnsated
for this idled acreage in order
tn maintain his income at the
same average level as in recent
years.
This is a relatively simple
nmctram in manv wavs com
parable to the program in effect
in 1962 but witn iwo maor an
ferences.
First, the flexibility and free
dom of choice in the planting
of the best adapted crops on
each farm is a big Improve
ment; and second, only that
quantity of wheat needed foi
food will move into the food
wheat market as food wheat
prices. This is truly a two price
plan that offers the growers, at
last, an opportunity to get their
own house in order.
There are many other facets
to the program that I won't
dwell on here. But I would like
to mention a few briefly.
The tremendous stock pile of
wheat owned by CCC will be re
duced to more reasonable pro
portions within a few years.
The burden to the taxpayers
will be reduced about $200 mil
lion next year, and an increas
ine amount in later years, as
the costs of storage are further
reduced.
Wheat growers income will be
maintained.
All of this will occur under
one condition. The Congress, in
passing this law wisely recog
nized that it needed tne wide
spread support of producers to
work properly. Therefore, before
the program can go into effect,
each year, producers must ap
this is not a simple majority
prove it in a referendum. And
at least 23 or the producers
voting must agree. In any other
election such a majority would
be considered as even more than
a landslide.
Naturally, there is an altern
ative program if 23 of the pro
ducers do not agree to this pro
gram. It is the alternative that
has been on the law books for
years.
If growers reject quotas, al
lotments will remain in effect.
But there will be price support
at only about $1.25 and only to
growers who comply with their
allotments. There will be no
land retirement payments to
help producers maintain their
income. There will be no Incen
tive to idle part of the plant.
As a matter of fact, most grow
ers would tend to produce the
largest quantity possible in or
der to get enough returns to
meet fixed obligations.
Under such circumstances,
most reputable economists, both
in and out of the Government
predict the free market price of
wheat would approach $1.00 per
bushel, and the net return to
growers would be practically
wiped out.
RANCHERS
Ranch Aero
Airplane Spraying Co.
Owned and Operated by
PAUL N. HANSEN
Available For Assistance With Your
Weed Spraying Problems.
14 Years Weed Spraying in This
Area.
Call
Heppner Hotel - 676-5515
"LET US SPRAY"
If--"
Greater Wheat Profits on the Horizon
' "i
Newt O'Harra, Owner
2 Sections almost new Skewtreader
2 12 ft. John Deere goolie spring tooths
116 ft. Graham plow with extensions
8 3V2 ft. section Massey-Harris Rotary
hoe with hitch, used very little
ljohn Deere Model A wheel tractor
with farmhand and mower attach
ment 1 87 AC tractor
1954 1-ton Ford pickup
1 small hammer mill
1 new concrete mixer
2 3-bottom 16 inch J. D. mouldboard
plow with hitch
4 portable cattle feeders
5 ton feed barley, ground and cubes
1 table saw
1 saddle and chaps
1 new International hay rake on rubber
I small electric cream separator, De-Laval
This Machinery Is All In Very Good Shape
OTHER ARTICLES TOO NUMEROUS TO MENTION
Anyone With Anything To Sell-Bring It.
V. R. "Bob" Runnion, Auctioneer
Terms: Cash
E. E. Peck, Clerk
if '
I i
't V i -f
.4 '
4,
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