Heppner Gazette Times, Thursday, May 12, 1955
Page 3
New Wheat Variety
Readied for Fall
Northwest Release
Prospective release of another
wheat variety this fall will put
the Pacific Northwest temporarily
in the lead again in the running
battle against smut.
The new variety, a soft white
winter wheat slated to replace
Elmar, is a red-chaffed club. A
near relative of Elmar, the new
variety combines Elmar's good
qualities with stronger smut re
sistance. It was developed by O.
A. Vogel, U. S. department of
agriculture plant breeder station
ed at Washington State college,
F. E. Price, Oregon State col
lege dean of agriculture, said
present plans provide for joint
release of the new variety by
WSC, Idaho and OSC experiment
stations after the 1955 harvest.
He added that any such releas-?
must, of course, meet the stand
ards of the individual stations.
Tests and selections of the var
iety 'under Oregon growing con
ditions were conducted by W. E.
Hall, superintendent of the Sher
man branch experiment station
at Moro, and Charles Rohde,
USDA agronomist at the Pendle
ton branch experiment station.
Dean Price said release of the
seed to certified growers in this
state will be haudled by the Ore
gon seed allocation committee. D.
D. Hill, OSC farm crops depart
ment head, is committee chair
man. Seed for commercial plant
ing of the unnamed new wheat
will not be available until 1956
or later.
Yield of the new hybrid ap
pears to at least equal Elmar.
The straw is medium short which
normally means a range of be
tween 3 and 3 feet in the main
club wheat areas. This also
means the straw is short enough
to resist lodging under most
growing conditions.
Weather conditions have not
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permitted a good test of winter
hardiness but breeders expect it
to be at least as resistant to
winterkill as Elmar. The red
chaff will make it easy to dis
tinguish the new variety from
otherwise similar club wheats, es
pecially Elgin, Alicel and Elmar.
Vogel made the original cross
between Elgin-19 and Elmar.
Final selection is being made by
Washington, Oregon and Idaho
state and federal breeders and
plant pathologists. Final re
check tests for smut resistance
are being made in Washington
and Oregon by C. S. Holton,
USDA plant pathologist also sta
tioned at W. S. C.
Excellent milling and baking
quality are indicated by prelimi
nary tests made by the Western
Wheat Quality laboratory at Pull
man. The new variety will be a step
forward in the fight against smut
but Vogel and Holton caution
that it is not a permanent answer
to the smut problem. They ex
pect the new wheat to hold its
own against known races of smut
but do not guarantee it won't go
down against new races. The
new variety carries the Rex and
Rio resistance to common and
dwarf smut. Like Elmar, it too
may have to be replaced in a
few years as new, more vigorous
smut strains develop.
Researchers point out that the
instant popularity of Elmar and
its production under a wide range
of smut conditions probably
shortened its useful life consider
ably. When released in 1949, Elmar
was recommended for use in
areas where dwarf smut was
most serious. It carried Hymar's
high resistance to dwarf smut but
was resistant to only half the
known races of tall or common
smut. Growers were cautioned
against planting Elmar where
Hymar had been heavily attack
ed by common smut. Careful
seed treatment of Elmar was also
recommended as protection
against smut races which attack
both Hymar and Elgin.
Usefulness of Elmar in the area
might also have been prolonged
if its teammate, Brevor, released
at the same time as a companion
wheat, had been planted more
extensively, particularly in those
areas where Hymar had been
smutting. Brevor carries moder
ate to high resistance to all the
known races of smut.
The temporary nature of relief
to wheat growers' problems, Price i
says, is illustrated by the rise and
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Friday, Saturday, May 20 and 21
Monument News
Continued from Page 2
went for the day.
Tom Haywood of Canyon City
spent Sunday visiting his son,
Tommy Haywood.
Frank Williams and children,
Charles, Barbara and Walter
spent Sunday in John Day visit
ing their wife and mother, Thel
ma, who is in the John Day hos
pital. Bill Gienger, Lea Llnsley, Kay
Lee, Billie Jean Wheeler and
Jessie Matteson spent Sunday
afternoon in Spray.
Mr. and Mrs. Robert Kingman
drove to Chelan, Washington for
a week visiting his relatives.
The American Legion auxiliary
put on a dance supper Saturday
night for the high school prom.
The M. M. M. club will hold
their regular meeting May 19 at
the home of Mrs. Millie Wilson.
Mr. H. M. Hanson was In town
on business Sunday on his way
from his ranch at Prineville to
his home at Long Creek.
Mr. and Mrs. Norman DuBosch
of Pendleton were here visiting
their families, Mr. and Mrs. Vic
DuBosch and Mr. and Mrs. Char
les Roach.
. Warren Cribbens and Melvin
Rounds are busy hauling logs
from the Fred Shank place to the
fall of wheat varieties in the Pa
cific Northwest During the past
half century, two dozen major
wheat varieties have been intro
duced to meet specific problems.
Among the more notable varie
ties that have come and gone as
main varieties are Rex, Alicel,
Federatiqn, Hymar, Oro, Ridit,
and Albit.
Other new wheats introduced
as a result of the cooperative re
search program ' carried on by
Northwest experiment stations
include Golden, Rio, Elgin, Idaed,
Orfed, Marfed, Yogo, Wasatch,
Brevor and Elmar.
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mill at Mt. Vernon.
Aaron Ingals of Mt. Vernon
took in the prom here Saturday
night.
Roene Bleakman of John Day
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Bruce Strange of Unity was in
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The Seventh Day Adventlsts
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Maynard Hamilton has been at
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The high school, grade school
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