Thursday, August 21, 1941
Heppner Gazette Times, Heppner, Oregon
Page Three
LEXINGTON NEWS
State Builds Now
Shed at Lexington
By MARGARET SCOTT
Mr. and Mrs. James Pointer of
Sebh, Wash., visited friends and
relatives here this week.
Sunday school will again be held
Sunday, August 24, in the Christian
church at 10 o'clock a. m.
Mr. and Mrs. Dale Yokum of Kin
zua were guests at the Jim Wren
home Sunday.
Mr. and Mrs. Earl Taylor of Port
land spent the week end at the A.
M. Edwards home, coming up for
Rodeo.
Mrs. Ralph. Scott spent the week
end at home from The Dalles.
A. M. Edwards returned to hi?
work in Monument Monday.
Mr. and Mrs. Carl Whillock and
daughters attended a family reunion
in Spray Sunday.
Mr. and Mrs. Conrad Bissinger of
Pendleton, spent the week end her
Mr. and Mrs. John F. Mv?Millan
and children are vacationing in
Portland. -
Larry Ray, son of mayor and Mrs.
Henderson, was painfully injured
when he received a cut on the
forehead from a bottle which was
accidentally thrown at the Ted Mc
Millan home this week when he was
playing with some other children.
Mary Buchanan returned home
Monday after working all summer
at the Rietmann ranch.
Mr. and Mrs. S. G. McMillan are
vacationing at Portlond and coas
points.
A grass fire was reported at the
Lawrence Palmer farm Sunday.
A new building for the state
trucks and equipment is being erec
ted across the street from the Laura
Scott home.
Mr. and Mrs. Jack Van Winkle are
now at home to their friends in the
Case apartments in Heppner.
ACPA Urges News
for South America
Oregon State College A plan for
increasing understanding and good
feeling between North and South
American countries by providing for
the interchange of educational news
.has been proposed by the American
College Publicity association at its
recent annual convention in Cal
ifornia attended by representatives
of Oregon State college. The pro
posal is that the national defense
council have its education commit
tee set up an office which would re
ceive suitable college news and pic
tures of interest to South and Cen
tral American countries.
The office would select the best
from these offerings, translate them
into Spanish or Portugese, and put
the news, together with pictures, in
forms suitable for use by the Latin
American press. The convention
pointed out that, with the increas
ing numbers of South and Central
American students attending col
leges and unversities in the United
States, interest in educational af
fairs here would be correspondingly
increased, and hence the distribu
tion of such news and pictures rs
would tend to promote hemisphere
solidarity and good will.
Return All Wastes to
Soil Aids. Fertility
"Don't burn anything that can be
converted into humus," is a basic
rule for maintaining the fertility of
Oregon soils, according to Dr. R. E.
Stephenson, soil scientist at the O.
S. C. experiment station, in a new
station circular No. 143, entitled
"Humus for Oregon Soils."
Humu or organic matter is what
keeps soils physically fit. Any waste
products of the farm, or city lot for
that matter, such as straw, weeds,
stalks, stubble, vines, canes, or leav
es, all are valuable sources of hu
mus and. when returned to the soil,
help to prevent its becoming hard
and baked. Where such materials
are deficient in nitrogen their value
is increased and their decomposition
hastened by the addition of nitrogen
fertilizer.
Estimates are that one year of le
gume sod will restore about as much
humus as is lost with one year of
cultivated row crops. The upper
three feet of good soil may contain
more than 200 tons per acre of or
ganic matter, accumulated through
thousands of years, which is lost
under cultivation at the rate of
about 750 pounds per acre per year, zr
EXPORT CROPS IN
OREGON SHARPLY
REDUCED LATELY
(Editor's Note: This is the fifth of
a series of articles prepared by the
extension service at Oregon State
college on the report and recom
mendations of the Oregon land use
planning committee on how Ore
gon's agricultural program may best
be adjusted to meet the impacts of
war and national defense.)
Oregon's agriculture has suffered
severe losses through the gradual
but almost total elimination of ex
port outlets for some of the princi
pal crops of this state, even though
growers have gone far in reducing
the acreage of export-type crops,
the Oregon state land use planning
committee points out in its sum
mary of present conditions' and rec
ommendations for the immediate fu
ture. Wheat, prunes, apples, and pears
are the principal export crops of this
state. During the past decade wheat
acreage has been reduced approx
imately 24 per cent, prunes 26 per
cent, apples 55 per cent, and pears
10 per cent. This means that Ore
gon's export crop, which formerly
accounted for approximately 30 per
cent of the total farm acreage, now
occupy only approximately 20 per
cent.
There remain approximately 800,
000 acres of wheat, 41,400 acres of
prunes, 14,100 acres of apples, and
19,000 acres of pears. Under normal
conditions, approximately one-third
of the production of this total acre
age would go to foreign markets,
with two-thirds used in the United
States.
The state committee considered
each one of these crops as to the
Propose New Plan for
Judging Dairy Cattle
A method for judging dairy cattle
by classification and production ra
ther than by a hard and fast process
of scoring is described and com
mented upon by H. P. Ewalt and
Roger W. Morse of Oregon State col
lege, in a new extension circular
No. 374. The authors believe that
the classification system has merit,
particularly in 4-H club, FFA, spe
cial breed shows, and county fairs.
Under the classification system it
is also possible to require that all
animals of three years old or more
have certain minimum production
records which will give this practi
cal phase due recognition in the
placings. The circular may be ob
tained free from any county exten
sion office.
problems involved and possible ac
tion to be taken. Much of the Col
umbia basin is ideally suited to con
tinue wheat production and unsuit
ed to diversified crops, the commt
tee points out. A number of its
recommendations for 1942 concern
ing wheat have already been put
into effect by the AAA, including
close correlation of acreage reduc
tion with soil conservation, increase
in loan values to nearer parity, and
reduction of acreage allotment for
1942 to Ihe minimum provided by
law. Numerous other recommenda
tions were made looking to the fu
ture. Further reduction in apple acre
age through the elimination of var
ieties not now in demand is rec
ommended, while change in pear
acreage might be limited to removal
of diseased trees. Immediate and
drastic improvement in prune qual
ity is necessary to save the prune
industry, the committee reported.
Study Reported On
Grit Use by Chickens
Use of grit in the production of
broilers under battery conditions is
desirable, but the use of a kind which
does not upset the ration is best,
according to the results of an ex
periment conducted by the depart
ment of poultry husbandry at Ore
gon State college. A report on the
findings has just been issued as sta
tion circular No. 139 by W. T. Coon
ey, research assistant.
Evidently chickens have the abil
ity to detect an unbalanced ratiori as
far as minerals are concerned at
i least, hence when the ration itself
contains adequate calcium the chic
kens will consume relatively small
amounts of calcium grits. Where
the grit supply consisted of such in
soluble materials as granite, silicate,
and river gravel, the broilers used
it more freely. .
Although there was little evidence
that grit materially increased the
efficiency of food utilization by the
battery broilers, the groups depriv
ed of grit did not rate as high at
killing time as those which were fed
grit along with mash and grain.
Those receiving no grit rated down
to 80 per cent No. l's as compared
to 90 per cent or more No. l's for
Irrigation Pipe Lines
'Design Explained
Since western Oregon leads the
country in the application of sprink
ler irrigation to general farming, a
great deal of interest has developed
I in the proper design of small irriga
tion pipe lines to get the maximum
resuts at minimum cost for mater
ials and power. M. R. Lewis, irriga
tion engineer at the experiment sta
tion, is the author of a brief circular
which contains tables and charts to
be used as a convenient guide in de
termining most efficient and econ
omical sizes of irrigation pipe lines.
Figuring such a problem is ordin
arily a complicated mathematical
process, but with the aid of the tab
les and charts prepared by Mr. Lew
is, the facts may be determined with
out special mathematical ability. The
pamphlet is station circular No. 142,
"Design of Small Irrigation Pipe
Lines."
the groups receiving grits. Two lots
fed a gypsum type grit were graded
down considerably as compared with
those receiving the siliceous and
calcium type grits.
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