Thursday, May 12, 1938
Heppner Gazette Times, Heppner, Oregon
Page Seven
STOCK-POISONING PLANTS IN THE
GENERAL VICINITY OF HEPPNER
Larkspur Poisoning:
Whether this is a grave source of
stock loss in this area is yet to be
discovered. It has come to our at
tention that low larkspur (Delphin
ium menziesii) is present on some
of our near-by ranches. In 1937,
however, it was not observed aa
common.
This particular plant is responsi
ble for most of the cattle losses in
the eastern part of the state. It is
anywhere from to 1 feet high
with blue flowers ranging frim 1 to
lfy inches long. The bottom of the
flower is a spur giving the flower
the general appearance of a witch's
hat; on the inside are yellow "sta
mens." The leaves come off of the
stem at alternate intervals and re
semble those of the harmless wild
geranium except that the "leaflets"
(lobes) are very much narrower.
The pods are found three on a stalk.
The roots are fleshy and tuberous.
Although this plant is sometimes
known as cow poison or poison weed
the name larkspur is very generally
adhered to by all who are familiar
with it.
The tall larkspurs as a group are
found at higher elevations and in
more moist habitats than the low
larkspur, usually being quite shade
enduring. Ours (the low larkspur) is
found on open hillsides in relatively
dry soils, and grows scatteringly
which is all to our benefit.
The danger with larkspur is with
cattle. Although horses are suscep
tible to the poison it takes such
large amounts of the plants to prove
poisonous that they may be disre
garded. Sheep likewise are relatively
immune to this poison, being able to
eat 2 to 5 times as much as the toxic
dose for a cow without harmful re
sults. In some localities larkspur is
considered good sheep forage. It has
been recommended in this state to
first graze a larkspur-infested range
with sheep in order to make the
range safer for cattle. Our larkspur
is considered 30 palatable to sheep.
Goats also are considered immune.
Contrary to some belief the roots
are not violently toxic. The seeds
contain more active poison than any
other part of the plant, but they are
less likely to be eaten as they are
quickly disseminated upon matur
ity. The flowers also are poisonous,
but the greatest source of danger is
in the leaf and stem, especially of
young plants. The leafage loses much
.of its toxicity after seed maturity.
Since, at that time, the leaves dry
up and the plant becomes unattract
ive to cattle, there is little danger
from poisoning then.
The poison is not cumulative as
in loco. An animal has to eat about
3 of its weight in larkspur to be
poisoned fatally; an 800-pound ani
mal then would have to eat 25
pounds of the plant to be killed.
Consequently, because of the scat
tered nature of our larkspur stands
and because it is not a virulent poi
son the risk of larkspur poisoning is
greater in proportion to the scarcity
of good feed.
Larkspur poisoning practically al
ways brings on constipation, and, if
this is relieved, recovery otten lol
lows. At first the. poisoned animal
falls suddenly, the fore legs giving
wav. In this position the animal ot
ten supports itself, holding itself
up by its head and its spreading hind
legs. Or, after violent struggles it
mav rise to its feet showing no fur
ther symptoms, except perhaps a few
more falls occurring at longer in
tervals, if the poisoning is not se
vere. In severe poisoning the weak
ness of the animal is quite pro
nounced, its falls repeated, its gait
staggering and stiff. Oftentimes the
animal, unable to rise, shows spas
modic movements and definitely
demonstrates its loss of muscular
control. The entire body may trem
ble, with muscular twitchings of the
sides of the legs and, spasmodically,
' convulsive movements of the entire
body. The animal is restless, sweat
ing and slobbering profusely. The
pulse is weak and rapid. There is
evidence of pain in the abdomen
(probably due to constipation) and,
in the later stages of poisoning,
bloating. Just before death nausea
becomes pronounced and the ani
mal becomes completely prostrate.
Death is caused by respiratory par
alysis,
rapid, the effects disappearing in two
to three days. No permanent injury
is left after recovery. .
Other symptoms such as rapid
breathing, dizziness, violent con
vulsions before death, and very
heavy bloating after death might be
added.
Since an amount of larkspur suf
ficient to be fatal acts very quickly
treatment should be prompt. For a
1000-pound animal the following
mixture, given under the skin in the
region of the shoulder with a hypo
dermic syringe, has often proved
satisfactory: physostigmine salicylate
2 grains, pilocarpine hydrochloride
4 grains and strychnine sulfate 1
grain. This combination is known
as eserine and should be adminis
tered as one 40 cubic centimeter (12
drams or 4 dessert tablespoonfuls)
dose. The dose should not be re
peated. For animals weighing 500
to 600 pounds the above ingredients
and dosage should be halved. If the
animal shows any signs of collapse
a 20 cubic centimeter hypodermic in
jection of whisky or 50 alcohol
(not denatured) may be helpful. In
all cases the animal, when down,
should be so turned that the head
is higher than the rest of the body
so that no regurgitated material can
fall into the windpipe, and should
not be disturbed.
Relieving the characteristic con
stipation is a large factor in reduc
ing recovery.
Bleeding, again, is to no avail.
If bloating occurs paunching may
be to some advantage.
Preventive measures consist main
ly in grubbing with a hazel hoe (a
light, single bladed mattock) if the
plants happen to occur in thick
stands. This consists in cutting the
main and side roots at least 6 inches
below the gound. Such roots should
be freed of all dirt, dried and burned.
Cutting has been found to be effect
ive, although more expensive, if 4
cuttings over a 3-year period are
made. Neither one of these methods
of eradication, however, would be
applicable here to any extent be
cause of the scattered nature of our
larkspur stands.
Grazins larkspur-infested areas
with sheep in the spring has some'
times made range safe for cattle. If
this is done the sheep should be
herded closely, being sure that all
the larkspur is eaten or trampled
into the ground. Otherwise more
valuable plants will be over-cropped,
leaving the larkspur, and there
by only increasing the danger for
cattle poisoning.
The fencing out of larkspur-infest
ed areas in places where animals
gather in inclement weather might
be feasible but, in general, with
scattered stands this is not a reas.
onable procedure. Grubbing is really
less expensive since it need only be
done once.
The crude protein content of lark
spur is fairly high. Because of pro
tein hunger of cattle in early spring
it is oftentimes advisable to teed
them supplemental feed rich in pro
tein content that they will not seek
out larkspur to satisfy a protein
craving when most other .valuable
Dlants are iust getting started.
Larkspur-infested areas should be
avoided by cattle until about the
first of July here, after which the
plant is not dangerous.
Practices such as continually salt
ing in one place on the range should
be avoided. Salting should be ro
tated to prevent over-utilization of
salting-sites and the consequent
forced grazing on deleterious plants.
The present state of this plant's
abundance and distribution, how
ever, does not seem to present much
of a problem here. Perhaps it is more
abundant some years than others?
Or can we disregard it?
which cooperate with the university.
In the past 10 years 43 Oregon
State graduates have been awarded
these fellowships. Those receiving
them this year are Kathleen Aston
and Lenore Reynolds, seniors in
home economics, and Stanley Kelley,
senior in engineering, all of Port
land; James Edwards, Corvallis, and
Robert Allgood, Dallas, seniors in
secretarial science, and Lois Hart
sock, Albany, 1937 graduate in sec
retarial science.
1
Full Plate Discourages Child
It is best to serve small portions
of food to children so that they can
clear their plates without urging,
says Maude Morse, extension spec
ialist in child development and par
ent education at OSC. A child is
often discouraged by having large
amounts of food on his plate at the
start.
Bill: "Let's be pals, Daddy."
Daddy: ,"Sure, old top."
Bill: "Well, how about dumping
out the cod-liver oil, palsy walsy?"
Six OSC Students Get
New York Fellowships
Oregon State College Six service
fellowships to New York university's
graduate school of business have
been awarded seniors and recent
graduates of Oregon 6tate college
for the coming year. These six stu
dents will spend next year in New
York, where they will combine grad
uate work at the university with
actual part-time experience in the
If the case is not fatal recovery la various large department stores
Court Proceedings
For April Term
Be It Remembered, That County
Court met in regular session at the
Courthouse in Heppner, Oregon, on
Wednesday, the 6th day of April,
1938, this being the regular time for
holding a term of said court, when
were present: Bert Johnson, Judge;
George N. Peck, Commissioner; L. D.
Neill, Commissioner; C. W. Barlow,
Clerk; . J. D. Bauman, Sheriff, and
Frank C. Alfred, District Attorney.
The minutes ,of the March, 1938,
term were read and approved.
In the Matter of Claims:
Now at this time the various
claims against the county were pre
sented and the court approved, dis
approved or continued them and or
dered approved claims paid by the
proper warrant from the proper
funds.
Court orders sale of county prop
erty described as follows:
Lots 2, 3, 4, 5, and 6, Block M
to Royse's addition to the Town
of Hardman. Min. price $20.00.
EV2 Sec. 30, T. 2 N., R. 27
ewm; sswy4, NEy4swy4,
NWy4, Sec. 20, T. 2 N, R. 27
EWM.
wy2 swy4, swy4Nwy4, Sec.
30, T. 2 N., R. 27 EWM; S,
Sec. 25, N, Sec. 25, T. 2 N,
R. 26, EWM. Min. price $1.00 per
acre. 20 down remainder on
annual payments at 6 interest
on deferred payments.
Court orders dance hall license is
sued to American Legion Post No.
95 at lone, Oregon. I
Court orders dance hall license is
sued to Lexington Grange No. 726
at Lexington, Oregon.
Court orders sale of county prop
erty described as follows:
SEy4SWy4, Sec. 15, T. 1 S., R.
24, EWM. Minimum price $40.00.
Warrants Issued on General Fund,
April, 1938
Chas. B. Cox, Postmaster,
Current Expense ....$ 67.68
Pac. Tel. & Tel. Co., Current
Expense . 42.45
Bert Johnson, Judge, General
Assistance 323.16
Emp. Don. Fund Dist. No. 8,
General Assistance 15.00
J. M. Spencer, Watermaster .. 5.91
F. M. Caverhill, Watermaster 70.20
H Tamblyn, Watermaster 15.35
Franklin Printing Co., Elec
tion : 1113
D. A. Wilson, Jail 60
Central Market, Jail 35
Martin T. Pratt, Jail 13.20
A. E. Burkenbine, Jail : 1.98
Hanson Hughes, Jail 14.29
R. M. Rice, Public Assistance 3.20
Thomson Brothers, Emergen
cy (Ditch Creek) 10.88
Harry Wells, Emergency
(Ditch Creek) 29.90
St. Ind. Acc. Comm., Emer
gency J.1U
Farmers Elevator Co., Court
house .60
Turn - A - Lum Lumber Co.,
Courthouse 8.95
J. F. Thornburg, Courthouse 83.33
Pac. Power & Light Co.,
Courthouse 49.18
Case Furniture Co., Court
house 18.07
St. Ind. Acc. Comm., Court
house !. 4.19
Miller Service, Courthouse .. 3.00
Joseph F. Thornburg, Court
house 35.00
J. O. Hager, Justice Court 4720
Homer Hayes, Justice Court 10.00 1 Henry Schwarz $87.48, Harold Peck,
$77.74, Robert S. Wilson $46.76, John
McEntire $1.98, H. S. Taylor $123.47, '
M. V. Nolan $107.73, Jack Stotts $82.-
22, L. N. Morgan $125.72, Walter
Gilman $83.72, Frank W. Gentry
$32.72, Jim Farley $13.47, A. J. Chaf
fee $44.90, Vernon Munkers $39.90,
Wm. Cunningham $29.90, Chas. Wil
liams $39.73, Glenn Sherer $90.74,
Ralph Marlatt $81.59, Albert Connor
$61.08, Clair Ashbaugh $3.36, Harold
Sherer $72.41, H. G. Peck $71.76,
Chas. H. Latourell $2.90, Mrs T. E.
Hendrick $2.37, C. A. Kane $150.07,
J. P. O'Meara $3.25, Shell Oil Co.
$15.75, Mrs. T. E. Hendrick $2.58,
Lexington Service Station $4.10, St
Ind. Acc. Comm. $67.70, C. R. Lang-
don $15.00.
Warrants Issued on Market Road
Fund, April, 1938
H. Tamblyn $127.36, L. N. Morgan
$4.49, General Roads $7.50, Walter
Gilman $2.99, General Roads $207.50,
Frank W. Gentry $107.81, Jim Far
ley $62.06, A. J. Chaffee $76.33, Ver
non Munkers $67.83, Wm. Cunning
ham $50.83. Harry Wells $50.83,
Ralph Marlatt $68.88, Albert Con
nor $34.89, Clair Ashbaugh $28.40,
Harold Sherer $24.43, H. G. Peck
$8.97, St. Ind. Acc. Comm. $25.08.
Warrants Issued on Special Fund,
April, 1938
Daisy B. Gillespie, Dog Fund ..a.W
6.15
10.00
6.29
10.53
W. M. Eubanks, Justice Court 10.00
Underwood Elliott Fisher Co.,
Tax Collections 365.00
Heppner Gazette Times, Tax
Collections 25.75
Sheriff 6.50
John W. Graham Co., Sheriff .42
Kilham Sta. & Pr. Co., Sher
iff . 68.35
C. J. D. Bauman, Sheriff 9.80
C. J. D. Bauman, Sheriff 89.15
St. Ind. Acc. Comm., Sheriff 8.39
Heppner Gazette Times, As
sessor 13.45
Chas. Peterson, Assessor 10.00
Thomas J. Wells, -Assessor,
Mileage 60.45
Books and Incidentals 2.50
Heppner Gazette Times, Clerk 17.85
Circuit Court 53.08
C. J. D. Bauman, Circuit Court 23.25
C. J. D. Bauman, Circuit Court 8.34
Heppner Gazette Times, Off.
Publications 16.31
St. Dept. of Agriculture, Dist.
Sealer
Frank C. Alfred, Dist Atty. ..
J. K. Gill Co., Superintendent
Lucy E. Rodgers, Superintendent
Mileage 25.00
L. D. Neill, County Court 32.75
George N. Peck, County Court 24.25
Bert Johnson. County Court .. 3.95
Bert Johnson, Judge, Moth
ers' Aid 91.59
Old Age Assistance 326.37
Blind Assistance 7.87
Mid - Columbia Typewriter
Shop, Tax Collections 3.50
Warrants Issued on General Road
Fund, April, 1938
Ralph Moore $1.49, Isaacson Iron
Works $43.12, The Oasis $24.46, H,
& L. Corporation $51.00, Harold
Becket $3.42, Penland Bros. Trans
fer Co. $13.10, Heppner Black. &
Mchy. Co. $323.80, F. P. Leicht $12.98,
Paul Haberline $10.00, Pac. Sta. &
Prt Co. $15.99, Gilliam & Bisbee,
Estate $34.72, I. R. Robison $13.80,
A. C. Hagg & Co., Inc., $48.72, Fer.
guson Motor Co. $31.40, Charles
Vaughn $5.90, ack Allen Supply Co
$75.59, Omar Rietmann $1.30, City
of Heppner, Water Dept. $1.50, Mrs.
Crystal Barlow $3.26, Claud Coats
$1.29, Tum-A-Lum Lumber Co. $7.
80, Feenaughty Mchy. Co. $800.00,
Feenaughty Mchy. Co. $2200.00, Beall
Pipe & Tank Corp. $821.50, Shell Oil
Co. $398.95, Frank Nixon $49.75, Co
lumbia Equipment Co. $45.00, Fee
naughty Mchy. Co. $84.00, Kilham
Sta. & Pr. Co. $3573, H. Tamblyn
$112.69, J. B. Adams $13.20, Forest
Adams $6.72, Leon Chapin $6.72, L
C. Batty $1.35, Chas. Williams $1.50,
Pac. Tel. & Tel. Co. $275, John W,
Graham & Co. $.34, Heppner Ga
zette Times $4.50. Pac. -Power &
Light Co. $6.59, Braden-Bell Trac,
& Equipment Co. $170.15, Braden
Bell Trac. & Equip. Co. $4.24, Mar
ion Hayden $8.98, Dale Ray $65.78
Want Ads
Young lady wants work, exper
ienced in housekeeping and cooking.
Case rooms. Dorothy Michael.
NOTICE OF SHERIFF'S SALE
OF COUNTY PROPERTY,
Bv virtue of an order of the Coun
ty Court, dated the 28th day of April,
1938, I am authorized and directed
to advertise and sell at public auc
tion, as provided by law, the follow
ing described lots and parcels of
land at not less than the minimum
price stated:
v Lot 1, North half of lot 2, Blocic.
2, Jones Addition to the City of
Heppner. Minimum price $101.
00. NNWy4NEy4 of Section 22,.
Township 1 South, Range 24,
East of Willamette Meridian.
Minimum price $20.00.
Therefore. I will, on the 21st day
of May, 1938, at the front door of
the Court House in Heppner, at the
hour of 2;00 P. M., sell said property
to the highest and best bidder aa
stated above.
C. J. D. BAUMAN,
Sheriff of Morrow County
For Sale Good work horses. Call
this office. 9-11
Mountain range to lease; 2000 acres
at 15c an acre, plenty of water and
grass; 1080 acres known as the John
son place at 25c an acre. W. H.
French, Hardman. 9tf
Fresh cow for sale. F. S. Parker.
Chev. coupe for sale or trade for
cows. See at Lotus Robinson ranch.
7ptf
Player piano for sale, very reason.
able. Write box 292, dity. 8-9
Gasoline, diesel and stove oil stor
age tanks. A stock in Pendleton at
Portland prices; terms. Beall Pipe
and Tank Corp., 1411 Raley St., Pen
dleton, Phone 1274W. 7tf
NOTICE OF BOND SALE
NOTICE IS HEREBY GIVEN that
sealed bids will be received until the
hour of 7:30 P. M. on the 21st day of
May, 1938, and immediately there
after publicly opened by the Coun
cil of the Town of Lexington, Ore
gon, at the Council Chambers in said
Town, for the Town of Lexington
Water Bonds in the sum of Seven
thousand dollars ($7,000.00); said
bonds bearing date of May 15, 1938,
to mature serially in numerical or
der at the rate of $1,000.00 on the
15th day of May in each of the years
1943 to 1949, inclusive, bearing in
terest at the rate of not to exceed
five per cent (5) per annum, pay
able semiannually; both principal
and interest payable at the office of
the Treasurer of the Town of Lex
ington, Oregon. Said bonds are ad
ditionally secured by a pledge of
the net revenues of the water system.
All bids must be unconditional
and shall be accompanied by a certi
fied check for $200.00. The bonds
will not be sold for less than par
and accrued interest.
The approving legal opinion of
Messrs. Teal, Winfree, McCulloch,
Shuler & Kelley, Portland, Oregon,
will be furnished the successful
bidder.
The Council reserves the right to
reject any and all bids.
ARNOLD W. SPRAUER,
Recorder of the Town of Lex
ington, Oregon.
PIANO MUST BE SOLD We
have left on our hands in this vidin
ity a high grade piano we will sac
rifice for immediate sale. Terms $6 a
month. For full particulars address
Cline, Piano Co., 108 Union St., Se
attle, Wash. 7-9
For Sale Reg. Hereford, 3-yr-old
bull. Glenn Farrens. Hardman. 7-10
Briquets for sale at Tum-A-Lum
Lumber Co.
Floor Sanding Old floors made
new. See us for newest prices. N. D,
Bailey or Jeff Jones.
NOTICE TO CREDITORS
Notice is hereby given that the
undersigned has been duly appoint
ed by the County Court of the State
of Oregon for Morrow County, exec
utrix of the last will and testament
of John P. Louy, deceased. All per
sons having claims against the es
tate of the said deceased are hereby
required to present the same with
proper vouchers to said executrix
at the law office of J. O. Turner at
Heppner, Oregon, within six months
from the date hereof.
Dated and first published this 5th
day of May, 1938.
LUVISA LOUY,
Executrix.