PAGE SIX
HEPPNER GAZETTE TIMES, HEPPNER, OREGON, THURSDAY, JAN. 23, 1930.
3
Losing tke Cop.
t tb-
l ' (Lid J
r- V I s V. 1 IV UA. 1 . tab. c i.l ! i; .V. 11
The European wage-earner could
never hope to become a landowner.
In the Massachusetts colony only
landowners were citizens, but to
keep good workmen in the colony,
grants of twenty acres or more were
made to numerous blacksmiths, car
penters and others. The citizens of
Haverhill raised a subscription to
purchase a house and land which
they gave to a blacksmith on condi
tion that he remain there at least
seven years and work for nobody
but the 20 subscribers. In 1656 the
town of Lowell gave William How
24 acres on condition that he set up
there as a weaver, thus laying al
most three hundred years ago the
foundation for the great textile in
dustry which has made Lowell one
of the important manufacturing
centers of the nation.
In Virginia so many wage-work
ers left their trades to become far
mers that laws were passed to keep
them in the towns. Wages were
paid in tobacco instead of money.
In 1660 a court order fixed the wag
es on a certain Job at 20 pounds of
tobacco a day, which at the then
prevailing price amounted to about
30 cents.
The beginnings of prohibition are
found in old court orders of that
period, forbidding employers to
compel workers to accept wine as
part of their pay, since that is "a
great nursery or preparative for
drunkenness."
The reason for high wages in Am-
IM OF AMERICA
ALWAYS H
H WAGES
Labor Department Sheds
Light on Earnings Here
300 Years Ago.
By CALEB JOHNSON.
Ask the man who was born in Eu
rope why he came to America. You
know the answer before he speaks.
Nine times out of ten it is the sim
ple one, "To make more money."
Ask the immigrant's son why his
father came over. The answer is the
same. Go back a hundred years, ask
the same question, you get the same
answer. Two hundred years, three
hundred years ago, the same reason
was the principal cause of our fore
fathers leaving their native lands
and braving the treacherous ocean
to set themselves up in an unknown
country.
We like to think of these founders
of our nation as actuated by entire
ly noble and altruistic motives. It
sounds so much more "classy" to
say that they came to America in
search of religious liberty and to
escape the tyranny of kings, than it
does to say that they found it hard
to make living in the Old Country.
Both motives for emigrating did
obtain, but the religious and politi
cal tyranny which they sought to
escape would not have been so un
endurable if it had not, in many
cases, taken the form of depriving
the man who disagreed with auth
ority of his chance to work.
What has brought the peoples of
the world to America is the fact
that wages have always been higher
here than anywhere else in the
world. The first complete and auth
oritative historical study of wages,
in terms of actual money, that has
ever been made, has just been com
pleted by the Bureau of Labor Stat
istics of the United States Depart
ment of Labor. It not only proves
conclusively that higher pay has al
ways been the chief attraction of
America, but that from the very
earliest Colonial days employers
were as impatient with the demands
of workers for more money as they
are today!
The earliest American wage fig
ures seem pitifully small today. In
the Massachusetts Bay Colony in
1630 it was ordered by the Council
that "Carpenters. Joyners, Bricke-
layers, Sawyers and Thatchers shal
not take above 2 shillings a day (48
cents) and 16 pence (32 cents) if
they have meate and drinke, nor
any man shal give more under paine
of 10 shilling to taker and giver;
and that sawyers shal not take
above 4 shilling sixpence the hun
dred for boards, att six score to the
hundred, if they have their woode
felled and squared by them, and
not above 5 shilling sixpence if they
fell and square their woode them
selves. . . . Laborers shal not take
above 12 pence a day for their
worke and not above sixpence with
meate and drinke under paine of 10
shilling."
Those wages seem trifling com
pared with the $1.25 an hour which
carpenters in the same Massachu
setts get today, but they were large
enough to attract skilled men from
England, as soon as the news got
across the ocean, for they were far
higher than good workmen could
get in London. And that even those
high wages were not the maximum
is indicated by the number of old
court records showing fines impos
ed upon employers for paying more
than the legal scale.
Perhaps the wages alone would
not have been enough to bring the
best workmen overseas in those
days. There was the added induce
ment of cheap land, often free land
alga isiiii mmm
M. D. Clark : Hiatt & Dix
YOU GET MORE PER DOLLAR at a Red & White Store
PHONE DELIVERY CREDIT
More actual dollars and cents value in your food purchases.
More and better service More ..satisfaction ..thru ..Owner
Service You will find that it will pay you to confine your food
purchases to these stores.
Let these Specials introduce you to Red & White Service
erica then, as always, was the scar
city of labor, as compared with the
demand for labor's products. In
1618 a man sentenced to be hanged
for murder was reprieved because
he was a good carpenter and car
penters were scarce! England be
gan the practice of sending crim
inals to the American colonies in
stead of to jail. They came as
bond-servants, their services being
sold to the highest bidder for a
term of years. Even their working
conditions were better than prevail
ing in England, according to con
temporary records, fro they did not
have to work before sunrise or after
sunset No landless man could
make a living with his bare hands
in Europe on such short hours as
that
The importation of Negroes from
Africa put an end finally to the
white bond-servant, though not un
til after Benjamin Franklin had
thundered against the practice for
fifty years.
The introduction of machinery in
industry increased the demand for
wage-w o r k e r s everywhere, and
while in the early days of the ma
chine the pay was miserable and
the hours intolerable from modern
standpoints, conditions were always
so much better here that European
governments complained that Amer
ica was draining Europe of its best
workers. And Europe has not yet
discovered what America has learn
ed. that wages high enough to en
able the worker to buy out of his
surplus above living costs the prod
ucts which he himself makes, with
hours short enough to give him lei
sure in which to spend and enjoy
his surplus are the secrets of Amer
ican prosperity, and that such wag
es can be paid when the worker's
arm is strengthened and his pro
duction multiplied by giving him
power machines Instead of hand
tools.
Mrs. W. P. Mahoney went from
The Dalles to Seattle, following the
wool growers meeting. She will vis
it with her daughter, Vera, and her
son and daughter-in-law, Mr. and
Mrs. Philip Mahoney.
Mr. and Mrs. H. D. Ring of lone
are the parents of an 8-pound girl
born at their home Sunday.
Owen French is confined to his
home because of illness.
For Sale 40 head work horses;
harness fo 30 head; 3 3-bottom
plows; .doubletrees and 8 12-horse
hitches. Four miles north of Lex
ington. Chas. A. Marquardt 42tf.
Orders for Sowers direct from the
growers at figures less than you can
buy direct Case Furniture Com
pany, growers agent Btf.
FOR COUNTY JUDGE.
To the Voters of Morrow County:
I hereby announce myself as
candidate at the coming primaries
for the office of County judge of
Morrow County on the Republican,
ticket If nominated and elected, I
pledge tha same faithful and sincere
service that has characterized my
long term with the County Court aa
commissioner.
G. A. BLEAKMAN.
(Paid Ad.)
SIMPLE HOME MIXTURE
DARKENS GRAY HAIR
Cincinnati Barber Tells How Any
One Can Prepare It In 5 Minute.
Any man or woman can easily
look twenty years younger by sim
ply darkening their gray, faded, or
streaky hair. This' is now easy to
accomplish with a recipe given by
a well known Cincinnati barber.
Simply take a half-pint of water,
add one ounce of bay rum, ounce
of glycerine and a smal box of Bar
bo Compound. Shake and it is ready
to use. These ingredients can be
bought at drug stores at trifling
cost
Applied to the hair twice weekly
this delightful mixture quickly gives
the desired shade. It is easy to use,
is not sticky or greasy, will not col
or the scalp and does not rub off.
Adv.
Saturday & Monday (January 25 & 27) Red & White Super-Specials
ihmm WE BESEBVB THE BIGHT TO LIMIT QUANTITIES sssaa saaaaaasseseaaassi
STIDD's Tamales
2 Cans
Serv-us Matches
6 Boxes
B & W Matches
6 Boxes
Schlitz Malt
2 Cans
R & W Flour
49-lb. Sack
R-W Oleomargarine
2 Mb. Ctns
StrawberryPreserves
47-oz. Glass
Asparagus Tips
(l's Sq.) 2 for
Fancy Corn Meal
9-lb. Sacks
45c
29c
21c
$1,29
81.94
41c
63c
69c
49c
SPECIAL! Serv-us COFFEE
Mb. QAA Mb.
Can
Pkg.
Clorox
2 Bottles
Malted Milk
Mb. Tin
Sliced Pineapple
2 Cans (2'2's)
Stringless Beans
2 Cans (2's)
N. B. C. Royal Creamy Sand
wich, Reg. 45c lb.
Lb
Premium Sodas
2-lb. Carton
R & W Sweet Peas
2 Cans (2's)
46c
33c
49c
57c
45c
iy Sand-
39c
39c
37c
ft
n
TIIE OWNER
SERVES
THE BUYER
SAVES
1 1
Nap, mm spmsm
SI
dk tflhB8 fteMunmBS
in the sensational new
HYDRAULIC SHOCK
ABSORBERS
Four Delco-Lovejoy hy
draulic ihock absorbers
on all model eliminate
road shock and Increase
comfort.
50-HORSEPOWER
MOTOR
A great alx-cyllnder
motor, increased to BO
horsepower, gives
smoother, quieter oper
ation, with greater power.
BRONZE-BUSHED
PISTONS
The stronger, lighter pis
tons are bushed with
high-grade bronza to
provide smoother oper
ation and longer life.
The sensational value of the Greatest Chevrolet In
Chevrolet History is based on definite points of
superiority which you can easily check for your
self. From Its improved 50-horsepower six-cylinder
valve-in-head engine, to its beautiful new bodies
by Fisher it sets a new standard of quality for the
low-price field.
A few of Chevrolet's extra-value features are listed
on this page. Check them over carefully. Then
come in and drive this car. It will take you only a
few minutes to find out why it is causing more
comment and winning more praise than any
Chevrolet we have ever shown. For it is a finer
Six in every way yet it sells
at greatly
reduced prices!
WEATHER-PROOF
BRAKES
Fully-enclosed, Internal
expanding, weather
proof brakes assure posi
tive brake action at all
timee.
GASOLINE GAUGE
ON DASH
The Instrument panel
carries a new grouping of
the driving controls In
cluding a gasoline gauge.
Tha BOADSTEB
The PHAETON ..
NEW HOT-SPOT
MANIFOLD
A larger hot-spot mani
fold Insures complete
vaporization of fuel
Improving performance
and efficiency.
The SPORT BOADSTEB .
Tha COACH
The COUPS
The SPOBT COUPE ...
The CLUB SEDAN
Tha SEDAN
STRONGER REAR
AXLE
Larger and stronger rear
axle gears made of the
finest nickel ateel add
to durability and long
life
The SEDAN DELIVEBY
The LIGHT DELIVEBY CHASSIS .
The 1VS-TON CHASSIS -
The l1 j-TON CHASSIS WITH CAB .
'495
"495
'525
'565
'565
'625
'625
'675
'595
'365
'520
'625
NON-GLARE
WINDSHIELD
The new Fisher body non
glare windshield deflects
the glare of approaching
headlights.
LARCER
BALLOON TIRES
New, larger, full-balloon
tires with smaller wheels
Improve roadablllty,
comfort and appearance.
All prices . o. b. factory, flint. Michigan
A SIX IN TIIE PRICE RANGE OF TIIE FOUR
TWO-BEAM
HEADLAMPS
Two-beam headlamps
controlled by a foot but
ton permit courtesy,
without dimming the
Itftbta.
NEW ACCELERATION
PUMP
A new automatic accel
eration pump provides
the flashing acceleration
which modern traffic
pecewltetee.
ADJUSTABLE
DRIVER'S SEAT
All closed models have
an adjustable driver's
scat a turn of the regu
lator gives the proper
position.
Th4 COACH
Ferguson Chevrolet Co.
Heppner, Oregon
E. R. LUNDELL, lone, Oregon
SMOOTHER , FASTER, BETTER SIX