4
Employees of the Shanghai-Nanking Railroad.
(Prepared hr th National Oenaraphls
Socisif, Waahinatoa. D. C)
SO MUCH misinformation, or
rather lack of Information, is ex
tant In regard to the every-day
characteristics of the Chinese
that the present seems opportune to
acquaint ourselves with the "mun In
the street" In China. In numbers he Is
second only to the agricultural class;
In Importance as a market for Im
mediate foreign development he stands
first
In forming our opinions of things
Oriental, either from a cultural or a
commercial point of view, care should
be taken In the selection of an In
formant. P.eware of the much-traveled ac
quaintance who, upon being asked
what the Chinese or Japanese look
like at home, tells ns that "they all
look alike" to him. Ills Information
does not extend beyond the resident
foreigners, hotels, and steamers con
cerning which he always Is ready to
deluge us with a description applic
able to any part of the globe.
A real man of affairs returning from
the Orient would not refer to the
Chinese or Japanese as "all looking
alike" to him; he knows better; also,
It Is not politic. The Orientals re
sent having this phrase applied to
them, feeling It more as a cultural
than as a physical slight, an Insult
to their civilization and Its antiquity,
of which they are Justly proud. Fur
ermore, because of their diverse oc
cupations and Intellectual attainments,
they feel themselves differentiated
fro-n one another; hence the added
offense In grouping them at random.
Our oriental friends, particularly
the Chinese, have a physical and
cultural Individuality comparable with
tliat of any other nation, albeit de
veloped under a different civilization.
In China the variations of type
from north to south are so marked
that they might be likened to well
defined strata In a sedimentary geo
logical formation having a slight dis
turbance In the centrul layers, the
disturbance representing a social up
heaval In the -Yangtze valley. I'pon
cbate examination each stratum re
solves Itself Into numerous less clear
ly defined secondary strata : In like
manner the east and west racial belt
are made up of numerous weakly de
fined groups.
Four Outstanding Types.
In coastal or mid-China, omitting
the west or highlands, the following
four distinct types or strata stand out
between Manchuria on the north and
Cochin China on the south, or very
roughly between Peking and Hong
kong: L North of the Yellow river the
Manchus predominate. They are a
tall, large-boned, stolid type, with a
dull faclul expression.
Z South of the Yellow river, but
within Its basin, there Ims been suf
ficient admixture of the original
Chinese element to modify somewhut
the Munchu characteristics. This
type is not so tall, large-boned, or
mil Id as Its northern neighbor. The
features are more expressive and the
vision Is keener.
3. South of the Yellow river basin
Is the Yangtze valley, which up to
t lie middle ot the Nineteenth century
contained a type, a distinct mean be
tween the northern .Manchu and the
southern Chinese. The social upheaval
caused by the Tiilplrgs unstahlllzed
the existing blend and a new one la
being evolved, medium In stature and
Inclining to I lie south In faclul char
acteristics. 4, South of the Yangtze valley are
the tin live Chinese, as distinguished
from the Manchu or mixed races, cul
minating In their marked character
istics in the Cantonese. They have a
.slight, rather graceful stature, Intelli
gent and mobile features, quick ier
ceptlon, nnd a profound contempt for
Hie foreigner.
The type occupying the Yangtze
vnlley Is the largest, the most acces
sible, and probably the best known
to me foreigner. In this large group
there Is far less homogeneity limn In
liny one of the other three, unit, gen
rully speaking, this rather curious
1
faot mnjr be traced to two entirely
different cause one uulurul, (lie
other artllU'lnl.
The nutuml cause la the Intermar
riage for nearly .) years of the
northern, or Munchu. type with the
southern, or Chinese.
Today the Inhabitants of the lower
reaches of the Yungtze basin are
largely an average of all the former
types between Liberia ami Cochin
China and east of the Himalayas.
Strange to say, this complex blend of
several widely differing components
does not vary greatly from the type
of the days before the rebellion.
Adult Chinese, particularly women,
are shy ami superstitious, and greatly
resent being photographed; even a lib
eral "eumshaw" often falls to secure
the gm.d will of a desirable study.
Happily, where money falls strategy
sometimes succeeds. Py facing at
right angles to the objective, suspicion
Is allayed, and In the case of a ft -Id-Ing
turners, location In the Under Is
no more iIlriVulL
Lack of self-consciousness Is a
Chinese characteristic. And yet this
statement Is relative. The upbringing
of the Oriental and that of his neigh
bors Is Identical and has been stand
ardized for centuries. Consequently In
his own familiar environment from
day to day there Is nothing to startle
him ; all thut life has to offer he has
experienced. Hut were he forced un
expectedly to don western clothes. In
cluding morning ront and silk hat,
and set about his duties, his discom
fiture would be Just as great as would
be oars attending to our affairs In
coolie garb.
In large measure the Chinese are a
much boulevardiers as the Parisians;
In fact, they outvie the Parisians by
having their entire meal In full view
of the passing crowds.
Pushing a wheelbarrow In China Is
a dangerous occupation, many a brok
en rib and back resulting therefrom.
This Is so contrary to our own ex
perience that to understand It we
must have a conception of how a na
tive, wheelbarrow Is constructed and,
handled, a high degree of apeclullw
tlon being Invoked In each.
The construction Is somewhnt as
follows: the wheel, nearly a yard in
d!u meter, Is shod, with a heavy,
grooved Mre to prevent skidding, an
ever-present danger, and Is placed cen
trally between two slatted platforms,
enrh about three feet long and a fool
wide, carried on a f rume work soma
Indies above the axle. Part of IliO
franie extends beyond the platform,
ending In two strong handles; beloW
Is the usual pair of legs.
Operating the Wheelbarrow.
0rnlloa of the wheelbarrow Is
somewhat complicated. Assume a
load of cotton, one most dllllcult to
manage. Two bales, half a ton, are
securely roed onto the parallel plat
form. The coolie then enters the
shafts, or handles, first slipping ovei
them the loops of his strap, which Is
of such lengili Hint, with his shoulders
straightened, the legs of the wheel
barrow clear t lie ground.
The handles are grusied with palms
down, for remember, the shoulders
carry the unbalanced loud; the anna,
aHslsted by the weight of the body,
arc exerted only In controlling the
balance. The balance also may be
accomplished by raising and lowering
the shoulders and planting Hie feet
flrmly a sort of emergency measure
requiring a halt, and therefore sel
dom used, for every coolie knows that
time out Is money out.
Tlio danger lies In having an upset,
which frequent ly occur through skid
ding; hence the heavy, grooved tire.
Collisions, too, are common, as gen
erally the coolie, cannot see over bis
load.
Owing to the demands of the work,
wheelbarrow coolies Hre generally re
cruited from t locality near Chin
Klntig, on the Yangtze river, where
the people, largely of Munchu si oik,
suflered little dispersion In the Tnlp
Ing relielllon. They are larger and
stronger, though less Intelligent thu'j
their neighbors.
FLASH
: The Lead
W. N. V. Stivtct
SYNOPSIS
Tn the mild waters of the un
known VUow-t.f it. on winter!
hunt, Journey Brock McCain snit
(laspartl Lecrolx, bis Franeh-Orea
comrade, with Hash, ltrock's
PPIy and their doir team, ltrock's
father had warned him of the
danirrr of his trip. After several
battles with the stormy waters
they arrive at a fork In the Yellow-Leg.
llrock Is severely In
jured In making a portage and
Flash leads Onsnanl to the un
conscious youih. The trappers
race, desperately to reach their
destination before winter seta In.
Flash engages In a desperate
flsht with a wolf and kills him.
(iasnard tella llrock of his de.
termination to find out who killed
hie father. Tracks nra discovered
and the two tiova aeparate for
scouting purposes. llrock la
lumped by two Indiana and s
white man and knocked uncon
scions. He la held prisoner. Una.
pard rescues him while his cap
tors sleep.
CHAPTER V Continued
The lean features of Gaspard twist
ed with hate as he replied: "No, we
feentsh dent now!"
"Walt P flrock held the arm of his
friend. "They dldu't shoot or knife
me today, when they had the chance
they fought me with their hands.
W can t do thls-sfter that I
Lecrolx scowled. Ills black eyes
narrowed l he met his friend's plead
ing look. Then, with a nod, b
agreed: "We go."
And, like the feather pntrols of the
forest night, the two drifted silently
from the sleeping camp.
As a bitter dawn slushed the east
ern horizon with blue and gray, sad
the stars faded. Guspnrd and Brock
C ossed the Ice of the outlet and built
a fire In a cedar swamp, to boll 'heir
t?a, eat. and rest.
"Why do you think they tried to
tnfct me alive!" queried llrock when
he had given (inspurd the full details
oi the tight and capture. "Hy golly,
.'m Itt'-ky not to be stiff In the snow
this minute full of knife Jabs."
"Ah hah! Kef ics ver' strange,"
agreed his frlenl "Put you mak' mis
take to si ip me last nlghL Tour of
d m I tlx dein all wid de knife. Now
dey hunt us tru de long snow."
"I'm uot so sure of that. I'roni the
way they opened their eyes when I
told them t'uit your uncle Ktlenne and
Itlack Jack Oesaulles were here, I'll
bet you tl.ey leave the country think
they're h'lng hunted themselves They
don't want to meet that pair."
"Wal, d" will be hunted," said
Gaspard. grimly. "One of riera will
tell me w-t he know shout my fader
before de goose fly nord."
"I'm with you, pinner 1 The bumps
on my old head "el for revenge. I'm
with you to the finish. I've (old you
once, and I tell you aguln, thai I'll
never forget what you did .'or i,.e Inst
night. When I heard that old signal
of ours. I thought my heart would
Jump clear out of my mouth. You're
a sure enough partner. Before we
lesvt this country we'll do some tall
hunting on our own account, eh?"
"You keep your eye open aflali
dls." said Lecrolx. soberly. "Kef dey
shout at yon and miss, mak' dem l ink
jou are lilt. Kail down and wait wid
your guu cocked for dem to look for
you."
"Oh, I've learned my lesson. To
think of that Indian getting so close
without my knowing It."
As His sun turned the white lake
below them Into a sheet of lUtno, Hie
partners followed the rock outcrop
plugs ol the long ridge which lied
nut 'their trail and bullied any Inline
dlnte pursuit. In the middle ol the
forenoon, four hungry and delighted
huskies welcomed them home.
;Now we've got some fur to trap,
Guapard." said llrock as the partners
took council for the future. "You uiid
I are each In debt at Hungry House
shout four hundred dollars, and we've
gut our hearts set on owning I first
clnss out lit, haven't we 7"
Ouspard nodded as he smoked.
"Well." continued llrock, "my Idea
Is to concern rate on fur until the Jim
uury blizzards, while It's prime. After
that. If we've had good luck, and these
people let us alone, we ran start, when
the sledding Is better and the anow
packed, looking for them. What do
you sayT
Gaspard s black brows contracted In
a frown. "I ey nevulre keep uwny so
long lam. I'ese people come and look
for trail, for sure. Rome day dey
work soul' of de Ink and walk into
camp."
"Well, we enni help that," admitted
llroik "They're hound to cross our
trap lint trails It they come far
enough, and the snow holds off. If
they find the ramp while we're away,
they'll shoot the dogs and wall for
ua. How run we avoid 111"
"We tnak' new cache for hall de
grub, first ling hack een flat swamp
on de head ol dls brook, and keep
may from It so de snow show on
trail, fien We always travel wid
dog and sen' hecm ahead w'en we
come bnik In camp. I ley got In shoot
hukle ot be smell dein an holler.
Out weel save lis from ambush."
Thill's a crackln' Idea, Oaspnrd!"
cried llrock. then his eyes shifted tn
the great slate-gray puppy lying In
the anow. "If they shoot that feller
ver there, though," bt nodded at bli
"By
GEORGE
MARSH
Dog :
C-snlsto
The Pmn
Fubliiluns Co.
dog, "they've got to got me too, hnven'l
they, pup?"
The husky rose from his bed, his ob
llque eye Intently .watching the
speaker.
"Hut how shall we leave the other
dogs? Loose? They'd hunt, of course
wouldn't be around, probably, so
that wouldu t help any."
"No, we leave dein tied on weak
raw-hide. Out hold dem, but eet dey
smell free dey go wild an' break eet.
We hide dem een de scrub spruce each
siile do camp."
"It's the beat we can do unless we
quit the country."
Ouspard knocked out his pipe on a
Are h mid rose. "You golu' lecve ills
countioe, rtrockt" he asked, the wrullh
of a smile curling his stiff litis.
"Hy the great, horned owl and all
his descendants no I" And sucking a
long breuth Into tils deep chest, llrock
rose and clapped his friend on the
back. "I'm goln' to help you Bud out
about your father, partner, yoo know
thatr
Ah-hnhf I t'ot eo!" The eye ot
uasnnrd pictured his gratitude.
CHAPTER VI
He Laughs Beat Who Laughs
Last.
As their traps needed their atten
tion, the boys lost no time In sledding
hair their meat and flab and all their
fur and emergency outfit to the hid
den cache In the thick spruce swamp
at the head of the stream. There It
would be safe, after the next anow
By Colly. I'm Lucky Not to Be Stiff
In the Snow This Minute Full of
Knife Jabs."
hsd wlied out their trail. Then with
Kona and Yellow-Rye hidden In scrub
on either side of, and a hundred yards
from, the camp, the trappers hitched
the other dog) to their handsleds and
started south.
Ilefore dawn, when flrpck rolled out
of his robes to start the tent alove, he
hsd stared In surprise at the empty
blankets of bis partner. Put by the
lime brenkfast was ready, a dark face
thrust through the double flaps l the
lent.
'Come an' see how yon Ink" some-
ting out here," said the half breed
with a grin.
"Whnl you been up tor
Gaspard led Ida partner a short dls
tnnre In the direction of the lake, then
Stopped beside S fresh trail.
'When did you make this?" demand
ed the perplescd boy. This trull
wasn't here yesterday."
"Ah halt, dls trail run quite a piece
I mak' eL"
"Why, so they can walk Into our
campr
'Yes. Dal scs eet; so dey walk
right Into ... dls ting."
Well, I'll be sklnned-the bear
trap I Ouspard, you're s genius I"
cried the delighted Brock.
"Kef dey work dls far back do hit"
dey hit my trail and find de camp
and de bear trap. Den be go click I
Ho, with a heavy sapling as a lever,
the boys pried down the trap spring
and set the terrible, toothed Jaws
agape, under covering of light anow
ou which they left the webbed print of
a shoe, snd lightly swept It with
raven's wing to make It apiiear natu
ral. The foot which stepped on thai
engine of steel wns doomed to freeze
stiff In a matter of minutes.
TO BH CONTINUKD.)
Coconut Sugar
In the Knst Indies a sugar known
as Jaggery Is made from the sap of
the coconut pntin. The sap Is ob
tained by cutting the flower spathe
snd lbs Juice yields shout III per cent
of sugar. It Is consumed locally and
Is very Impure. Chemically, much of
It Is Identical with enne snd beet
sugar.
Land ot Fire Flowtrt
lirazll lias given to the world mtn
of the iiiosl beautiful flowering plants;
Its famous orchids sdorn greenhouses
nil over the world. What Is said to
he the greatest water Illy In the world
the "Victoria Regis," Is to he seen Is
mm
mm
a prod of the Rio Botanical gardens.
Diamond Dues
asp fa use
AT ALL DRUG
No Creait for Sis
"I wonder If George knows that
my sister has money V
"Has he proposed?"
"Yes."
Then he knows." Passing Show.
Quart of Water
Cleans Kidneys
Take Little Salts If Your Bask
Hurts, or Blsddsr Is
Troubling You
No man or woman can make a mis
take by flushing the kidneys occasion
ally, says well-known authority.
Eutlug too much rich food creates
acids, which excite the kidneys. They
become overworked from the strain,
get sluggish and fall to filter the waste
and poisons from the blood. Then wo
get sick. Rheumatism, hendachea,
liver trouble, nervousness, dizziness,
sleeplessness and urinary disorders
often come from sluggish kidneys.
The moment you feel s dull ache tn
the kidneys, or your, back hurts, or If
the urine Is cloudy, offensive, full of
sediment, Irregular of passuge or st
tended by a sensation of scalding, be
gin drinking a quart of water each
day, also get alwut four ounces of Jnd
Salts from sny pharmacy; take a
toblcatioonful In a glass of water be
fore breakfast Snd In a few days your
kidneys may set fine.
Tills famous salts Is msde from the
srld of grapes and lemon Juice, com
bined with lltlita, snd has been used
for years to flush snd stimulate the
kidneys; also to help neutralise the
acids In the system, so they no longer
cause Irritation, thus often relieving
bladder weakness.
Jad Raits Is Inexpensive; makes a
delightful effervescent llthla-water
drink which everyone should take
Dow and then to help keep the kid
neys clean snd active and the blood
pnre, (hereby often svoldlng serious
kidney complications.
r.or Risk
minksIs It safe to trust hltnt
Jinks As safe as It Is to trust thin
Ice. Cincinnati Knqulrer.
Ingratitude Is a vice that renders
ill others less disgusting.
ACHIIVfiaOINTS
" . . l sHaaM
.-?' . ; a . -.
' .. ' '".
' .
' v- ,' .
V ; ;. ( (,
niM.w,,,,,, ,- j t .VsMaaaaaBamwaawMMassaiassaaaaw
Asylrla Is lbs Ua4e aiark Baat aUaofsttars el atuu,uacktUf tt SaUeyUaasl
You can get results after a fanlilon with sny old dye;
but to do work you are proud ol takes rent anilines. That's
why w put them in Diamond Dyes, They contuin Irom
three to live times more than other dyei on the market I
Cost more to maker Surely, Dut you get them lor the
same price ai other dyci.
Next lime you want to dye, try llicm. See how easy It Is
to ue them. Thtn comsir ihi rtrullt. Note the sdicnce
ol that rc-dyed look; of streaking or spotting. See that
thry take none of the life out of the cloth, Ohncrve how
the colors keep their brilliance through wear and washing.
Your dealer will refund your money i( you don't agree
Diamond Dyes are better dyci.
The whilt ori,iff of Diamond Dyes Is the original "all
purpose" dye lor any and every kind ol material. It wilt
dye or Imt lilkj wool, cotton, linen, rsyon or sny mixture
of materials. The Mu wsu.r' ii a iiaxisl dye, for lillc
or wixil only. With It you can dye your valuable articles
of silk or wool with results eo.iul to the finest profcion4
work. When you buy remember this. The blut pack
ou dyes lilk or wool only. The tcaifr fiackapt will dye
every kind of goods, including silk and wool. Your denies
has both package.
Perfect results
RUO STORES
SCHOOL FOR MEN
. InMm fat SUIINIM, TSANJ at rtOrtUIONS
kuruilaiij tlHtw. MvihI for llleraturs.
ORIOON INSTITUTE OF TSCHNOLOS)
k.at.V. A. UM(. rurUaul,Unajvai
For Piles. Corns
Bunions.Chilblainsfetc
Hanford's
Balsam of Myrrh
AI Ua an tmMmi H mM m mm Im tW
a trtri. S aal i a I.
SUFFERING ELIMINATED
15-years success In (ruling Rectal snd
Colon troubles by the Is. C I. Dean
NON-MIKCK AI. Hh4 t.
aMnaitoatn mnt.N AH.
M KAN.K ol IHm l-IIMI-
mu.o miv.r. MH sum.
Html toda ! tHMi IOO paa
. buohdawlSsngcaMaasaiMliane-
' titans of HKh alNMaala.
COLON CLINIC
a T T I K.
4 tCaatSl tT
W. N. U. PORTLAND, NO. -H2.
Way Back Wksa
DK-a anyone remember the thrill
they got when they went to the the
ater once, long ago they had cleaned
their white kid gloves with gasoline
and some one whlsiered that the peo
ple nest to them must have come la
an automobile? Iloston Globe.
rse Ttuss Hall lllue In your laundry.
Tiny rust spots may come from Infe
rior Illulng. Ask Grocers. Adv.
Limits of Gratitude
There's nothing like being grateful
for amall favors and a girl In s new
fur ront remarked to as yesterday t
Thank heaven I'm warm nearly dows)
to my knees." Ohio Stale Journal.
Ualsertal Desire
If Is the beautiful ueceaslfy of your
nature lo love something. Douglas
Jerrod.
IF you ever have rheumatism,
lumbago or other jxu'ns that
txnetrate to the very bones and
joints, Bavcr Aspirin offcrg
quick relief, and such complete
comfort tliat it's folly to suffer.
Keep these tablets handy in
the house; and carry them in
your pocket. Then you need
never suffer lomv from any
attack of neuralgia, neuritis,
rheumatism, or even from a
had headache. Bayer Aspirin
it a marvelous antidote for all
Kin nnd has no effect on the
art. Proven directions for
many valuable uses in every
box of genuine Bayer Aspirin.
All druggists.
.A !L. fgff.J IV I
a- a iV
RLCTALVj