XOUl5
x
Erosion In the
Prtpart br ) Nstlonil Oonpbl
HovUly, Wublnstoa. D. C.)
THE dainty clouds that float tn a
u minor sky and their darker
brothers are only mists, but they
constitute nature's sharpest tool
for shaping the surface of the earth.
Over anil over again. In the millions
of years they have been at work, they
have carried all the oceans and have
hurled them down upon the land bil
lions of cubic miles of water.
They have washed away mountains
greater than the Himalayas.
They have filled up oceans as broad
and deep as the Atlantic.
If we were to slice down through
the crust of the earth -for thousands
of feet a mile, five miles. In places
even ten we would carve through
cloud-built rocks, sediments laid down,
grain upon graint each carried by
drops of water that have fallen from
the skies.
The clouds have carved great val
leys such as the Grand canyon.
They bore the feathery snowfluke
which built up the huge glaciers that
crushed and ground their way equa
torward during the Ice ages.
They furnished the chief reagent
for nature's laboratory, dissolving and
bringing together the minerals scat
tered through the rocks. The suit
that savors our food, the clay that
builds our bouses, the iron that has
made industrialism and the age of
steel to single out but three are
largely gifts of the clouds.
Those are the labors of the past
Cut the clouds are working sow as
ceaselessly as they worked eons be
fore man came upon the earth. Like
the tools of the sculptor, these chisels
of the sun, under the great mallet of
gravity are steadily shaping the earth
day by day.
They spend themselves to make the
streams, to water the crops, to feed
the world. But new cloud genera
tions are ever coming on to take their
places.
Hew Clouds Are Formed.
The birth of a cloud is a puzzle to
the observer. The sky is apparently
clear; then suddenly, seemingly from
nowhere, a cloud patch Is floating
aMl. Nature seems to be playing
tricks, like a conjurer who draws
kicking rabbits from an empty hat.
MiiM clouds have their besinnlngs
In the oceans, started by the restless
ness of the Inconceivably small and
Inconceivably numerous water mole
cules that have fought their adven
turous way to these great basins,
i In the form of water, these little
molecules are relatively at rest, hud
dled close to their fellows, but fairly
free to slip about In the crowd of wa
ter particles. As they are pressed to
gether, they vibrate, as do all other
molecules of matter.
In the delightfully ordered world ot
the water molecules there is more
room at the top than anywhere else,
jind there the most active molecules
mude more active by greater heat
mnke their wny. Like flying fishes,
many of the molecules fall back Into
the water; but, unlike them, some can
tear themselves entirely free. It Is as
If, magically, the fish became a bird.
The escaped molecules are In a sense
no longer water; they have become
transformed by this process of evapo
ration Into a vnpor or gas.
Vapor molecules are lighter-than
the oxygen and nitrogen molecules of
the nlr. The vapor-laden air there
fore rises for exactly the same reason
that a balloon rises. The warmer the
nlr, the more vapor It can contain. If,
un the other hand, warm air contain
ing some vnpor Is cooled, Its capacity
for vapor diminishes. This decrease
In vapor capneity takes place In
block of moist air as it rises Into the
rooter upper regions, and If It rises
Like Snug-Fitting HaU -Eecause
of Lightness
Anos Is responsible for a new hat
medium thut looks like struw Jersey
and is appropriately named vlsca Jer
sey. She uses this for turbans and
llttlo snug lining caps that are par
ticularly re-otmneiided because of
their lightness. Home of these little
iliuped turbans employ two tones of
a single color or contrasting shades
and sometimes she uses fentherr as a
decorative treatment on a little cup.
v - Ill
Grand Canyon.
high enough to cool to the critical
point, it simply drops part of Its vapor
load.
Thtn the Rain Falls.
As more and more droplets gather,
they form a great misty muss thick
and dense enough to olwure the sky
When water-vapor particles condense
into water droplets, whether on their
rise from the sea or after numerous
cloud-making adventures, they not
only grasp their nearest fellow mole
cules, but they must And Infinitesimal
bits of floating material, such as dust
motes a sort of magic carpet and
crowd upon them.
Widely separated, the dust motet,
with their vnpor passengers, at first
float about like asteroids In space, but
gradually the cold of the upper re
gions causes more and more of
the vapor molecule to Jump out of
their gaseous form and attach them
selves to existing droplets until the
latter are built Into drops heavy
enough to fall earthward.
The greatest speed at which rain
drop may strike the earth, no matter
from how great a height It fulls. Is
close to 30 feet a second a speed less
than that of a pebble dropped from a
fourth-story window.
In the average cloud that floats on
an overcast but rainless day a cloud
such as those that bear most of the
world's water from the sea there are
not more than two tablespoonfula ot
water In cloud enough to fill the big
gest furniture van; and, unless you
live In a mansion, your dining room
could not bold balf the cloud sub
stance that nature has crammed Into
one glare of water on your breakfast
table.
Clouds Work for Man.
Clouds are power for man as well '
as for nature. The clean white scrap
of mist flouting la the sky and the
grimy, bfack lump of coal far under
ground are brothers under their sinks
both children of the sun. One, born
millions of years ago and locked deep
In the earth, must be tollfully dug out
and brought to the surface before It
will yield the power It holds. The
other, born yesterday, will presently
mine Itself; and if Its fragments are
merely guided on their dash to the
sea, they seem eager to turn man's
machinery.
Man cannot tow bit loads of sky
coal where be will. Nature sends
them along definite blghwajt and
dumps them with fair regularity In
her chosen places. For aget man
used them only near where they fell
or along the channels they wore tn
their slide seaward; but now be bat
In effect scattered the clouds. II
has learned to transmute the down
hill wanderlust of their fragments Into
Invisible put potent streams of elec
trons that will course along wires Tar
from the old limiting channels. And
now, though you live In a desert where
you seldom see a cloud, you may bava
those of more favored lands for your
servants. Tress a button and they
light your house, boll your coffee, and
perhaps even curl your hair.
Fortunate It Is that that portion of
the sea which hanii ever In the air Is
scattered ; for If all the clouds should
gather and dump their burdens, bow
over one limited area, now over an
other, man and his works and most
vegetation would be uprooted . and
swept from the fare of the earth.
It Is no less fortunate thut rivers
and glaciers and clouds are pouring
water Into the real almost exactly as
fust as it Is belli! taken out by the
sun. If In some wny the amount which
now evaporates dully were pocketed In
a Gargantuan cave or flung away Into
space, the oceans would lost lens than
2.7IIO years.
An Interesting model has a foundation
of vlsca Jersey and Is entirely covered
with little white feathers dotted In
navy blue.
The vogue for very tiny hats that
are merely cops Is even extended to
the evening mode, A Lnnvln model Is
featured In both gold and silver metal
I'ice.
Velvet Jackets Favored
The short, transparent velvet Jack
et, lined with chiffon and In all colors,
Is very much favored.
OUR COMIC SECTION
THE FEATHERHEADS
rti i tue ftcntoto a it. i i x
ruo jP i C ?
FINNEY OF THE FORCE
MKT" fW I y F
U. Vc6v Sf I HAfc f m ,!', FJ r IT'S HQS. ( WWfit 16
ivESfw hiTl V JCV iDfAQ.y
Wat it's a veqV I IS MASK tj y
OCCAStQN J )
Our Pet Peeve
Rj FHIX- TUE niXONf AK I CWCKErJ. I J (
0
Me, Too
om-hmm:- im
GOlMO TO HAVllr
AOMADA WRVf
rr voovjout
Yes, Too Much Powder
Receive Recognition
From German Umvenuy
Mr. William I. Wslis.
The University of CoVKne, flermanyk
bus Just paid to air. William li Welsa,
of Whetdlnir, W. Va., on of th
founders nnd (leliernl Manager of
Storting Trodticts (Incorporated), and
now Vice Trosldcut and tieneral Man
ager of I'nig Iiicorporatcil, an unusual
distinction by bestowing unanimously
upon him tho tlllo of Poctor rhlloso
phlne llonorU Causa.
Mr. Weiss Is the nrat ana oniy
American to be o linuorvd by this
world famous German Institution.
This mark of preferment came to Mr.
Weiss In recognition of his efforts to
further the Industrial relations that
have extended over more than a
decade between the Mrectors and
Scientific and Chemical alnffs of (lor
man and American rharmaceullcal
firms that aro prominent In Interna
tional Industrial affairs.
IXirlng the past few years Mr.
Weiss lias been a frequent visitor to
Kuropo ami Is a recognised link tn
Strengthening commercial friendship
between the old and new continents,
truth emphasised by the action at
Cologne.
Thert 1$ Hop
Mury Mother, I'm afraid Mrs. Jones
Will never visit us agulu.
Mother Whut makes you thluk Sol
Mary How can she If ahe keeps on
staying?
Not Alwayi on Surfaco
"He who tells the truth," said III
1I. the sane of Chinatown, "must la
bor long In patient silence to discover
IC Washington Star.
Only Think i H Hai
"So your aon has completed his edu
cation." "(Jreat Hcott, nol Why, be t
Just out of college."
Rarely Loit
Teacher "Where are elephants
usually found?" Hoy "1'lease, air,
they're so big they aren't often lost!"
A little love and understanding,
thinks the successful wife, writing In
Farm and Fireside, will rover a mul
titude of sins In a husbsnd.
MOST peeple know tliis absolutd
antidote for pain, but are you careful
to say Bayer when you buy it? And
do you always give a glance to tea
Bayer on the box and the word
gtnuint printed In red t It isn't the
genuine Bayer Aipirin without it t A
drugstore always has Bayer, with the
proven directions tucked in every bos:
imlrtR Is
IIm imfci rk of
llavir IMntiftffturft
( taettisdittr of Sil!e;lllU
BILIOUSNESS
RELIEVED
t. . . QUICKLY
Ihsrtfy VHttstUMttvt
I BOT the) bowttf frtM from
Dl(a Aiul MfiiitMasifit aftaar
fftcts. Hm? rt4lT thai tyMtm of oaMlpsv
tiom polwHia whkb anf timai mun tour
ntl meld GoadliLoB In ih tr(-M iinbr
thmf doctor'a prcripilo and ca b
Xwm with tiboiutl cnnfidtncsi to nvboslVa
tl IMifgtato IU Md 79 tUd PsKkaga.
CARTER'S Eli PILLS
For Old Sores
Hanford's Balsam of Myrrh
Al lulin m wllmhrf K wImJ tt sw 1m B
am SMb a m mm.
mm.
13
A J IV
slte-sjistsitW jk-A-.-.-.i. As BF r;Md.mumt
(CARTEIG
sT ITTL