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Fishing Schooner of the Grind Bank.
' (Prwarad kr ha National Oaocraphlt
' Social?. Waahlnauoa. XX C
TOE wind and waves of the New
foundland bank still train real
sailor In an age of steel hulls
and steam anil motor propulsion
that has almost teen the handler of
call cloth disappear from the Atlantic.
These surviving sailors are the
crews of the beautiful fishing schoon
ers that sail out of the fishing ports
of Newfoundland, the Maritime prov
inces of Canada and the New England
tates of America ; and the ports
which claim most of them are Lunen
burg, In Nova Scotia, and Gloucester
and Boston, In Massachusetts.
These deep-sea fishermen are dis
tinctive type peculiar to the North
American Atlantic coast Racially
they are from the sturdy pioneer
breeds of Highland Scotch, Han
overian German, West Country Eng
lish, and West Irish which settled
In Newfoundland, eastern Canada,
Maine, and Massachusetts when
America was young.
rhjslcally, the American deep-sea
fishermen are strong-muscled and able
to endure hardship. They are not
slum or city products, but are mainly
raised In sea-coast Tillage.
Ashore, the Bank fisherman 1 not.
conspicuous. Ue talks, acts, and
speaks pretty much as any other das
of American worker.
But it is at sea that the Bank fish
erman manifests bl distinctiveness
and the splendid Inherited qualities
of the type are teen to advantage
daring initiative, rfclll In seamanship,
and ability to endure long hour of
heavy labor and the rigor of seafar
ing in small vessels during the vary
ing condition of weather on the North
Atlantic,
In the North American fisheries the
fast-sailing and seaworthy schooner
till remains as the prime mean of
producing fish from the western At
lantic "banks," and the greater part
of the fishing I done from small boats
known aa dories, which are carried by
the schooner and launched upon the
fishing grounds.
t It I this dory fishing which makes
the American fisherman, and In that
terms la Included the Canadian and
Newfoundlander, distinct type from
bis colleague in other countries, and
adds to bl vocation hazard and
labor which call for certain sterling
qualities to surmount
The modern Bank fishing schooner
are undoubtedly the handsomest com
mercial calling craft afloat Tbey are
built of wood and range from 100 to
150 feet In length, with a tonnage ol
from SO to 173 tons. Their lines are
fine and designed for speed, but weath
erllnes baa been so well combined in
the model that neither quality has
been sacrificed. True, they are terri
ble craft for jumping about In
breeze aud sea, but they seldom ship
any beavy water on deck during a
blow, unless "knocked down" or
"tripped op" by squall or Irregular
wave.
The orthodoi Bank schooner I two
masted there have been three-masters
and the sails carried are main
sail, foresoll, forestayssll, or "Jumbo,"
and Jib. These are known as the four
"lower."
Work on 8 harts.
Every Bank fishing schooner Is a
sort of aeafarlnz democracy. The
crew works the ship on a co-operative
basis, with the skipper a soiling and
fishing "boss." Ifi some craft the gang
are shipped on the share system, their
remuneration consisting of no equal
share of the proceeds of the catch
after the bills fur victualing. Ice, salt,
ball, cook' wages, and other Inci
dentals have been paid.
The schooner takes a quarter or
fifth of the gross stock, and this re
pays her owner for the hire of the
vessel Out of . this share come the
cost of Insurance and upkeep, but in
good seasons, prior to 11)14, many
schooners paid their cost of construc
tion within twelve months. In those
days, however, linnkef could be
built for $12,000; nowadays they cost
several times a much. ,
There are voyage where the men
draw 170 each for a week' work, nnd
other where they make but $15 In two
months. The Goddess of Luck hut
something to do with the flshermun'
remuneration, but the men who fish
steadily throughout the yeur with
hard-working skippers usuully make a
good Income, though It Is never com
mensurate with the risk they take.
The passage to the Banks may be
run from ISO to 100 miles and It I
usually made In the quickest possible
lime.
When the vessel has run her dis
tance, the "spot" the skipper ha been
making for 1 found by the lead. The
sounding lead Is a fishing skipper's
other eye and he Is usually an adept
In determining his position by means
of It
While there are many fishing cap
tains who can navigate by lar and
stellar observations, yet the majority
find their way about by dead-reckoning,
nslng compass, chart log, and
lead, and their accuracy I often star
tling.
The sample of the bottom brought
np by the snap or tallow on the lead
and the depth of water give most
skippers an exact position after two
casta.
If the gear has been baited and the
weather Is favorable, the skipper
sings out "Dories over!" The dory-
mates, who bold the two top dories
on the port and starboard "nests,"
prepare their boats for going overside
by shipping the thwarts and Jnmmlng
the bottom-plugs In.
Oars, pen-boards, bailer, water-Jar,
bait-knife, gurdy-wlnch, bucket, gaff,
sail and mast, and all other boat and
fishing Impediments are placed In
each little craft, and It la awung np
out of the nest and overside by means
of tackle depending from the for
and main shrouds.
Two fishermen secure their tub of
baited line and Jump Into the dory,
which I allowed to drift astern. The
painter Is made fast to a pin in the
schooner' taffrsll and the dory I
towed along by the schooner. As the
other dorle are launched, they are
dropped astern, made fast to each
other, and towed by the schooner.
8ttlng the Lines.
When all the dories are overside,
the skipper, at the wheel of the
schooner, determines the direction In
which be wants to set bl lines, and
the dorle are let go, one at a time,
a the vessel sail along. A schooner
"running" ten dories will have them
distributed at equal distance along a
four or five-mile line and No. 1 dory
la often put of sight from the position
of No. 10.
When the last dory has been
dropped, the skipper will either "Jog"
down the Hoe again o remain bove-to
In the vicinity of tlie weather dory
while the lOeo are fishing.
In the dories, when the schooner baa
let them go, oue fisherman ships the
oar and pull the boat In the direc
tion given him by the aklpper, while
the other prepare the gear for "set
ting." The end line of the first "tub" of
baited long-line Is made fast to J light
Iron anchor to which a stout line and
buoy-keg is attached. This la thrown
over Into the water, and the fisher
man, standing up in the stern of the
dory with the tub of long-line before
him, proceed to heave the bulled
geur Into the sea.
The picking up of these tiny buoy
and flags, scattered over five or six
mile of ocean, I quite a knack, and
the fishing skippers seem to posses
an onennny sense ol location in find
ing thern. Schooners have been forced
to leave their gear In the wuter and
run to port for shelter In gale of
wind, and have returned two or three
day afterward to pick It up again
without much trouble.
When the line have been hauled
and the last anchor 1 up, the fisher
men row or sail down to the chooner,
which I generally hovering around
like a hen keeping guard over her
chicken. The dory round up along
side the vessel, the painter 1 caught
by some one aboard her, and, after
handling up their tub of long-line,
the two fishermen pitch out their flab
upon the achooner' decks.
In summer, fog la the fisherman'
worst enemy. Dories may be strong
out when It I fine nnd clear, and be
fore they can be picked np again they
are blanketed from view In a wet.
light-defying mist
The skippers are wonderfully clever
at locating the hidden dories, but It
often happens that some cannot be
found, and their name are listed with
the yearly death toll of the Bank.
But there are not many cusualtles,
considering the frequency of the fogs,
and on one occasion 00 dories were
reported astray from their vessels and
all were either picked up by other
schooner or else rcwed In from the
Bank to the land. Some of the dis
tance stray fishermen have rowed In
dorle seem Incredible, but a pull ol
IftO to 179 miles In rough weather and
without food li not an unusual accom
plishment ,.,
ll nt?
4
THE FEATHERHEADS
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FINNEY OF THE FORCE
Finney Has Heard Him Sing
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Wttttra Mtwissr
THERK I nothing that has ever
taken the place ol ilayer Aipirin a
an antidote for pain. Safe, or phyiU
clans wouldn't uie It, and endorse It
use by others, Sure, or several mil
lion uteri would have turned to some
thing else. Dut get real Ilayer Aipirin
(at any drugstore) with Bayer on Ih
bos, and the word gtnuint printed in
red:
as
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at MoaaatallaaaMoattr a lall'rltattll
I at mi m. mi
lar,.a.aana..aa!t aa
Modern Suit
Evidently It ha remained for Cali
fornia to give the world a new ityla
In architecture. At the recent mo
vent Ion In IHtrolt, the (leorglan, Kllav
abethan, ttoman, yueen Anne, etc,
hid been discussed as to (heir rela
tive merit for various part of the
country,
"All very fine," finally Interrupted
the Callforalan, "but out our way,
we're Introducing an entirely new
style, to suit our own self-evident
needs a garage for three car, with
a built-in living-room."
Don't Neglect
Your Kidneys!
Yon Can't B Wen When
Kidneys Act Sluggishly.
JSO yott o4 vaMiraalf rutuiing daws-.
' ajtmys tiriTT and dspmn J.
1 Ara you atif ana Sclr, auiat lo nf fing
SaictaaJas, d rower baaulachM and ihoy
Spa I la Ate kidney excretion Stanly,
. to IwqonI otiwarnin aa paaatff Tee
ahm Ihn Imltcstaa) aivfiuk kidney ana)
enouUn't be MlUctaa.
ZJMa't hilt. MiauUat Jiuradc, In.
eiwas ike attalion ol the kkfiwy sd
thoa aid at iKe Uanina.tiaai ei waaaa inv
pauilite. Dtma'i at endorsed every,
where, Atk f" ajatgUaW
50,000 User Endorse Dotxn'i:
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4 !k t Piifc Inr aaaa? yaart, Mr ki4.
D.T t wart ahiiltill and lha BttrrtUmt vrt
aranf. 1 bad difif aiwllt aa4 aiao aol
(nvdafmat bvkaakt. i tvit lirad and bast
mornlnia. linaa'a Ttttt Sard ma am tn
rm4 akaM and I I'll Ana aliff uliaa
(ham, 1 tlwarl kart a tunvlr la tar
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DOAN'S PKS
A STIMULANT DIURETIC A KIDNEYS
lbef MUtartj C Mlf Cnm BWIala.M V.
COMPLEXION
IMPROVED
QUICKLY
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nd ca hm bf th atir faaUlf.
AU DntflgtM lUmmdIUIUd PkIuim.
CARTER'S ESI PILLS
Mali IS la It War air. warklnt avanlnta al
homa. Kull parllriilaia far a alampd aalf
adilraaaad anvalopa. I'.lr.r ( a . Clnrlnnall, Oi
Fl'lv- J HA IK BALSAM
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rTORESTON SHAMPOO-ldaal for sat la
ouanarlluii Willi f'aikrr'a Hair Halaam. Makaalbt
kalr toll and fluffy, to eanta by mall or at draft
tula. Wants Ctoaalcai Wwka,i'aUkugut,M.l.
6Wrlt for
MSi NEW
CATALOG
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arocKMAM-rABajiB hijtly co.
ISSTTnarraaM t. luwrar, Colo.
For Caked Udder rind Sort
TeeUbCtnveTry
HANFORD'S
Balsam of Myrrh