CAPITAL of.
HITTITBS
Current
Wit jJ
OUR COME SECTION
Events in the Lives of Little Men
Hittite Double-Htadsd Eagle
Ppard t th National OxwrmphU
Society, Waahlnstoo, D. C.t
IN T1IK henrt of Asia Minor, about
hundred tulles east of Angora,
the traveler Interested In the past
will find a rich field. It la Uoghas
Keouy, tlie ruined capital of the Uit
tltes. I Boghaa Keouy means the "Tillage
f the throat," for It 1 at the end of
a deep valley that the modern Turkish
village lies. In northern Cappadocia,
and the lllttites of the Sixteenth and
Fifteenth centuries B. C built their
great fortified city on the rocky hill
sides above the mouth of this valley.
Whether It was Subbl Lulluma or
some other musically named gentle
man who laid out this city of many
great buildings and strong fortifica
tions, he certainly possessed an ap
preciation of natural beauty as well
as statesmanship, for, as one climbs
from point to point from the palace
tip to the great citadel ; from one rock,
crowned with massive ruins, to anoth
er still more stupendous one hardly
inows which to wonder over and ad
mire more, the strength and skill dis
played In these three or four thou
and year-old remains or the glorious
Tlews that greet one's eyes at every
turn.
From one corner of the citadel, by
(be remains of a round tower, yoo look
straight down four or five hundred feet
of rock Into the gloom of a narrow
gorge, at the bottom of which a stream
flows darkly, eJ you can see little
'but the rock over which you lean,
and the swallows that flash In and out
of the gorge, and the eagles that sail
to their nests on the opposite crsgs.
On another side of the citadel, at the
foot of the precipice, the same stream
winds softly through trees and grass
and flowers, where willows whiten In
the breeze and a mill clacks merrily.
Here Is to be seen the rare black
stork sailing proudly through the val
ley. On the less steep side of the citadel
several trenrhe; have been dug by ex
cavators. In the earth thrown out of
these trenches pessants have planted
their grain, and thus, fertilizing their
seed with Hittite remains, they have
raised an abundant crop with little
lubor.
All over the flat top of this acrop
olis, as well as everywhere else In the
.city, one may pick up any quantity
of broken pieces 01 ancient pottery
brown, black, and every shade of red
;and every degree of fineness, ilncti of
this pottery Is painted, most of It with
simple decoration resembling that on
the proto-Corlnthlnn or geometric
vases. Some of It has a beautiful
glaze; some Is covered with a white
Hip and painted In three or four
colors, wtille most of It has simply
black or dark red markings on red
'pottery.
, Modirn Symbols Used by Hlttltes.
A visit to Iloghss Keouy not only
makes one feel quite Intimate with
the Hlttltes, but also one sees here
that they did many of the things that
we afsoclate with much later peoples.
I'ld the Turks first nse the star and
crescent; or even the Creeks of an
cient Hyxatlum? No, Indeed; here at
lioghas Keouy (and In the later Hit
tite city, near Alntnh, In South Tur
key) the star and crescent mny be seen
where It was carved In the rocks a
thousand years before liyzantlum was
founded.
Did the Austrians or Hussions, or
the old I'yzuntlnes. or the Ormnn
empire first use the double-headed
engleT None of them. Everywhere In
Illttlte sculptures we find this sym
bol. The first people, probably, who
practiced the noble sport of falconry
were the Hlttltes so the sculptures
tell us. And In that connection It was
Interesting to find that local Turkish
gentlemen train and nse falcons In
hunting now.
Here on the citadel explorers un
earthed a library of clay tablets all
written In cuneiform characters, some
of them In the Hittite language, but
more In the Assyrian. All these tab
let were taken to Constantinople be
fore the World war.
Of the tablets tbut have been read,
one gives the Assyrian text of the
treaty between the greot Itameses of
Egypt and the powerful Hlltlte king.
Khuttu-HII, that treaty of which the
Egyptian text was already well known
to historians.
And another tablet, as Professor
Ruyce tells us, shows how much wom
en hsd to do with politics In those far
off dayi, since It Is a letter from Nnp
tere, the wife of Itameses, addressed
Found at Boghat Ktouy.
to the Hittite queen, and expresses
her great satisfaction over tho con
clusion of the treaty.
Political Intrigues Revealed.
Another great library was found In
two rooms at the eastern side of the
palace, i'ome of these tablets are
very large, 12 by 8 Inches In size;
others are but two Inches long. They
are mostly of about the same time as
the Tel el Amarna tablets, and so cov
er the age of Moses.
Professor Sayce also tells as that
many of these Uogbas Keouy tablets
were written by the same disaffected
governors of Syrian provinces, who,
In the Tel el Amarna tublets, write to
Pharaoh of the difficulties In the way
of maintaining the rights of the Kgyp
tlan government In Syria, but tell how
nobly they were working In their
lord's interests, while In these newly
found writings of Poghus Keouy the
same men tell the Hittite king bow
they are pretending to be the bumble
servants of Egypt while really obey
ing the commands of Khattu-SIl, and
the politlcul intrigues that are here
displayed and the polite sarcasm and
meaningless phrases that pass between
these old writers might give points to
modern diplomatists.
Shepherds and lu borers who wan
der over these hills pick np occasion
ally broken pieces of tablets, and,
knowing that any writing on clay or
stone seems precious in the eyes of
"these queer Europeans," they offer
what they Bud for sale to any passer
by. As one eats one's dinner a boy
appears, and, squatting on his heels,
produces a few bits of clay from his
girdle, or wrapped In a handkerchief
(which challenges comparison In age
and In dirt with the Hittite contents) ;
or one Is awakened In the early dawn
by a head stuck between the curtain
of the tent and an Insinuating voice
saying "kyramldl" (clay tiles), the
owner thereof being anxious to strike
a bargain quickly, before be takes
his slieep np on the hills above.
The sudden stopping of the history
which the tablets tell, as well as the
condition of the ruins unearthed,
shows us that some time In the Thir
teenth century I). C, the great City
was destroyed, probably by a sweep
ing down of some barbarian horde,
thus anticipating (long ages before)
the story of the, destruction of Home.
And tTifs Hl'tiite capital was' never
aguin Inhabited or rebuilt, for there
is apparently no trace of Greek or
Roman work or influence In the re
mains. The Hittite power, however,
was not destroyed then. Clllcla and
the southern purt of Cappadocla have
numerous monuments which show oc
cupancy by Illttlte people till about
the Eighth century It. C.
Amazon en the Eastern Cats.
As one wslks away from the citadel
in Iloghat Keouy to see the various
points of special Interest within thi)
five-mile circuit of the ancient walls,
he comes first to the one place on this
site where there has been found any
Inscription In the Illttlte hieroglyphics
(these hieroglyphics which are s.i
common all through the more south
ern Illttlte country). This one In
scription of Itoghaa Keouy Is so badly
worn by time and weather that It Is
quite Illegible. Further down the hill
slope Is the Eastern gate. Like the
other city entrances, this has twit
parts, with a square room between
the outer and inner guts. The posts
of the real door curve In toward the
top, as If tlx'y once formed a pointed
arch. This Eastern gate has long
been known and Is of grand propor'
Hons, but it Is only relatively recent
ly that workmen discovered, almoxl
by accident, on the Inner side post,
remarkable bas-relief. This Is a fig
ure, about ten feet high, of an Ama
zon, apparently, and hears little re
semblance to the figure found In
other distinctively Illttlte places.
Following the wall, we oome to the
famous Kouthem gate, which admitted
to the city the commerce and travel
from C'lllcln, and which Is still guard
ed hy the lion posts; always pictured
In every description of Itoghaz Keouy.
Fine, upstanding Hons they are, too.
with wide-open jaws and curly hntr.
From between the Hons one looks
outward and downward to marvel
ous stretch of hill and dale, while on
the Inside he look across the mile
and a quarter of the city limits, slep
Ing down from this point 870 feet to
Its northern end. Here and there on
the slope rise the great rock fortresses,
each bearing on Its summit mora or
less of Illttlte masonry.
HARD TO CHOOSE
Once there was a woman who had
three suitors. She dUlu't know which
one to marry. One was a grocer, one
a doctor, and one a preacher.
If she married the grocer, she could
get her groceries fur nothing.
If she married the doctor, she could
be well for nothing.
If she married tho preacher sh
could he good for nothing. Pro
gressive Grocer,
MAKING SURE
. "The cook say she la going to
leave."
'Nothing will change her mind)"
Nothing."
All right. Then rll go fiown to the
kitchen and discharge her."
Hymn of Hat
A fur I hate
Is Johnnr Nah,
Qunus: "lit who stmls
My purse steals train."
A Variation
Mr. Illlbuus So you are giving my
wife painting lessons) What sort of
I pupil is she)
Artist I find her very apt to say
the least
Mr. Itlltyuns That' queer t I al
ways find ber very apt to say the
most
It Should, but
Father was having a round of golf
with a friend and little Joun came
along with mother to took on.
After watching her daddjr on the
green for some time, Joan aiiked :
"Mustn't the ball go Into that little
hole, mummy)" Norton Post.
Catty
My husband." she nid, "always
wants me to look my best, no mutter
what It costs."
'Well." her friend replied, "one can
hardly blame him for feeling as ha
does." Boston Transcript.
Following Prtctdtnt
fWhy Is It a man always hat to wait
for a woman T
"Did not Adam have to wait until
Eve wai made upl"
ANY GOOSE CAN DO THAT
Speaker (emphatically) "Ton can't
produce eggs without hens I" Itoy in
Audience "Aw, any goose know
bow to do that 1"
Good By, Jack
It wtrd on a pony
That likes a dusty track;
But ths rain cams down In torrnts-
'Twss good-by to his lack.
Sav tht Piecti '
"What a pretty name your maid
has!" remarked the visitor.
"Oh, that Isn't her real name," wni
the reply; "we call her 'Dawn' because
she's always breaking 1" Congrega
tlonnllst. A Traitor
Interviewer What do yoo think of
the voter who casts hi vote for the
one he think I the best man)
Politician He' a traitor to our
purty I-Vancouver Province.
Worn Than Pining
"I the rich young widow pining for
her husbord)"
"Not exactly, but from the way the
la making hi money fly, It might he
said that she I wasting away." Bos
ton Transcript
Queition
Wlfle Old you mis me while 1
was tway)
Hubby Yes, I'd often feel homesick.
Itut I'd look at yonr photograph and
I wouldn't feel homesick any mora.
v r-.c .
THE FEATHERHEADS
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