nOME AND FARM MAGAZINE SECTION
ii
Chicken Breeds Most Desirable
BY O. L. WOOD.
THE following article taken from
editorial utterlngs of the Rural
New Yorker will give some idea
of the argument that is being put
up to the farmers of the country.
A few years ago the fanciers
who won premiums at poultry
shows were the only one to ob- .
tain large prices for fowls, and
naturally great stress was laid
on perfection of markings on the
feathers, on feathers on the mid
dle toe of some breeds, on total
absence of feathers on the legs of
other breeds, on the shape of the
comb, on the color of the ear
lobes, every one of these things
being objects of earnest endeav
or, yet none of them were of any
real benefit. The egg-laying
contests have already made a
great change in conditions. Now
a man who has bred his birds for
egg production and demonstrated
at the contests that he really
has a strain of fowls that can
and do outlay others, can get as
much for his birds for breeders,
or as much for eggs for hatch
ing, as the fanciers only could
get a few years ago, and the
point of Importance in all this is
that the whole country is bene
fited by It
Survival of the Fittest. .
The real out and out fancier is
given no consideration whatever, and
it is a question how long favorite
breeds will survive against the argu
ments put forward for the profit
makers. We have seen the immense
balance in favor of the leading va
rieties at the egg contests. The
farmer wants them. Everyone wants
them, as long as they will lay more
eggs on the same amount of feed
than the ones they are raising now.
Then the only chance of the favorite
breed lies in the ability to improve
it as a layer, and to be able to go
into the contests, and prove their
worth.
We are impressed with the idea
that many good varieties are going
to suffer, that an occasional excep
tional record will throw an eclipse
for a time over other varieties
equally as good. Big things are
taking place at the contests. Some
breeders that have always been in
favor are showing up pretty poorly
even under the best of conditions.
Records of Contests.
The records of these contests are
published all over the United States.
The birds that show up badly are
going to damage their particular
breed. One of the only hopes to
save them from a setback that would
require years to recreate any inter
est in them whatever will be to stim
ulate action among these breeders at
once.
The leading breeders in the East
are doing their best to improve their
flocks. Now is the time they must
do it while the experimental work is
in its infancy. Were they to wait
until some particular breed had
gained a decided supremacy the
handicap would be too large. As it
is some breed wins this month's rec
ord, another has laid the most eggs
during the coldest spell, another had
the least sickness, another the least
deaths, another consumed the least
feed, and so on down the line. There
are enough records to reach every
deserving one. The one that laid the
most eggs for the year may sot have
laid the most when egg values were
the highest.
Egg Value Counts. (
The actual egg value for the year
is what counts more than anything
else. No breed so far has claimed
all the records, not even half of
them.
We firmly believe that the busi
ness hen of the future will be the
ones that are developed at this time,
and that your particular breed will
be out of the running if it is not be
ing backed by some big reliable
breeder or breeders who can make a
substantial showing of Its merits and
prove that It lu entitled to a seat at
the top with the best of them. With
out a question the bulk of the poul
try business will be done with five
or less breeds in the very near fu
ture. Is it any wonder we ask: "Which
breeds will Burvlve?"
Necessity of Culling the Flock
BY HELEN DOW WHITAKEIt.
WASHINGTON has today poultry
in quantity good poultry in
quantity, and progressive
poultrymen in quantity; therefore, It
behooves everyone to keep busy grad
ing up his flock. No matter who has
the best flock now, the one who culls
out the most birds persistently and
intelligently will have the best flock
in the end. There is no hope for the
poultryman who Is content and who
works to own one or two prize win
ners with a third-rate flock behind
them, instead of constantly striving
to raise to higher averages his whole
flock.
The hope of the poultryman in
Washington today lies In his one best
bird and in his reproducing of her
kind. The hope of the poultry indus
try of Washington today lies in the
flock averages of the bulk of the
poultrymen of the state. .
We breed from too many birds.
Right now in this month of February
is the time for us to begin to cull
out our breeding pens. The better
birds we raise the more of them we
will call culls. When a man says
there are no culls in his flock the
wonder Is which he does not know
intimately his flock or his breed
Valuable Hints
for Poultrymen
DR. C. A. CARY, of the Alabama
College station, gives some ex
cellent advice to those engaged in the
poultry business either on a large or
small scale. In the, Alabama College
Bulletin, No. 136, he makes the fol
lowing suggestions for the elimina
tion of some poultry troubles:
For Intestinal Worms.
1. Isolate infected birds and de
stroy or disinfect their droppings
while being treated.
2. Put one or two drams of copper
of sulphate In each gallon of drink
ing water for one week; or
3. Powdered pomegranate root
bark, followed by two or three table
spoonfuls of castor oil; or
4. Oil of turpentine, one to two
teaspoonfuls, followed in four to
six hours with castor oil.
5. Powdered santonin in five to
type. In the reproduction of a large
market flock in the nick ot time for
the most Winter eggs, one must breed
from a large number of birds, and
the lines along which one culls are
few:
Culling Lines.
1. In vigor and size.
2. Egg production.
3. Uniformity.
From a rightly bred flock one need
not reject many birds on such broad
lines, but in breeding foundation
stock, that is, the prospective breed
ers, one must take Into consideration
every . requirement ot the standard
for his particular breed and other re
quirements which the standard does
not mention and which are vastly
more important In breeding for eggs.
Some of these other requirements
are:
1. Exceptional vigor.
2. Breeding tendencies in the an
cestry. 3. Adaptation to environment.
4. The ability to meet market
requirements.
The demand today and the In
creasingly Insistent demand of to
morrow will be for standard bred
birds that will make good as layers,
eight grain doses Is especially good
for round worms.
6. Chopped up pumpkin seed for
tape worms.
For Diarrhoea.
1. Subnitrate of bismuth, one to
four grains, two to three times per
day; or
2. Pulverized cinchona bark, one
to two grains, three times per day,
and
3. Quinine, one-eighth to one-half
grain, two times per day.
4. Dry feed, or cooked and slight
ly moist feed.
Constipation.
1. Epsom salts, 20 to 30 grains
In one tablespoonful of water; or .
2. Castor oil, one to two teaspoon
fuls; or
3. Calomel, one to two grains, and
4. Soft feed.
For Lice.
1. Lard or vaseline over head,
under wings and around anus.
2. Dipping in 15 per cent kero
sene oil emulsion; or
3. Dipping In 2 to 5 per cent creo
lln solution.
4. Pyrethrum powder dusted
among the feathers.
6. Clean nests, yards and houses.
Intestinal Disinfectant. .
1. One-half to two drams of cop
per sulphate in one gallon of drink
ing water.
2. One-half to two drams of Iron
sulphate in one gallon of drinking
water.
3. Salol, one-halt to one grain once
or twice dally,
4. Naphthol, one-half to one grain
once Per day after eating.
6. Resorcln, one-fourth to one
half grain once a day after eating.
6. Hyposulphite of soda, four to
10 grains in one tablespoonful of
water.
For Worms in Air Tassage.
(United States Department of Ag
riculture Bulletin 84.)
1. Turpentine introduced by a
stripped feather into windpipe.
2. Steaming with creolin and tur
pentine in hot water.
3. Feeding garlic In food.
For Chicken Mites.
(United States Department ot Ag
riculture, Farmer's Bulletin 190.)
1. Lard or vaseline on legs, feet
and head, applied once or twice per
week. Wash off scales.
2. Kerosene emulsion sprayed oa
walls, roosts, floors and nests once
per week. For what is commonly
called chicken mites or chicken ticks.
3. Two to 5 per cent creolin solu
tion, sprayed on same places as in
No. 2.
4. Farmolin, one part to 200 parts
of water, sprayed as in No. 2.
6." Corrosive sublimate (very poi
sonous), one part to 1000 parts of
water, sprayed as in No. 2.
6. Boiling hot water, freely ap
plied by pouring over walls, roosts,
nests and floor.
7. Clean chicken-house every day
until mites are gone.
Kerosene emulsion is made as fol
lows: Two gallons kerosene, one gal
lon water, one pound bar of soap, one
pint crude carbolic acid. Boll the
soap In water until dissolved; remove
from the fire, and while the water Is
billing hot add the kerosene and acid,
churning with a spray pump for 10
minutes and then add six gallons of
hot water, stirring well. A good ap
plication should be made in 10 days.
Poultry Pointers.
Early to bed, early to rise may be
be wise, but It isn't necessary It your
chickens find the feed hoppers open
at daylight.
Moist mashes will start the pullets
laying earlier. Keep dry mash before
them all day and reed grain late in
the afternoon only.
Bury the dead ones deep don't
clve the disease a chance to spread.
Keeping the well chickens well is
easier than trying to cure sick ones.
Clean grain, free from mold, is as
necessary as disease-free water.
A little close watching windy
weather will give you a line on tho
aim ot the disease enemy, helping
prevent Mr. Roup getting the range
of your first line of defense.
Oats make a fine morning feed for
your old fowls, this time of the year;
hens won't get too fat on oats.
A good remedy for, scaly leg is
equal parts ot lard, kerosene and sul
phur, apply twice a week, rubbing It
well.
Don't forget that the hens need
some green food.
Don't let the little chicks out In
the wet grass until they are well
feathered out.
Remember that hens like a change
of feed. Oats, wheat, barley and
cracked corn makes a good Summer
ration.
Skim milk Is an excellent food for
the fowls.
High roosts are generally the
cause of bumble foot. A little chaff
is a fine thing for thp birds to fly
Buy it now
- -We farmers can bring
back prosperity at once
by buying our Spring
needs now, instead of
waiting.
upon; when flying from the roosts
It keeps their feet from getting hurt.
The best cure for gapes is preven-,
tlon. Plow up the land before put
ting the young chicks on it; It is a
good 'prevention.
The poultry business Is a paying
proposition If you do your part.
The .secret of success with poultry
Is in having something to sell the
year around. A dozen fresh eggs, a
dressed towl, a breeding fowl , or
hatching eggs, a small but, steady In
come Is what insures success.
ISEKS OF MCK-O HAVE THE AD
VANTAGE. The breeder who uses Lice-0 this
Spring will get more eggs, better,
fertility and stronger and larger
chicks. There will be less loss in
both old and young stock, and there
will be some chance to make a profit
even If feed is high. It Is sold under
a positive guarantee to give satisfac
tion or money refunded. Circular
tells all about it and success others
are having with it. Large tube 60c
ppstpald. Lice-0 Co., 286 Wash.
St., Portland, Or.
The Old Farm Lane.
The maples, with their crimson stain.
Beguile me down the old farm lane,
Where the slow-moving cattle go
At dewfall In the afterglow,
When dreamily there drifts across
The pastures, wrapped In amber glass,
The milking cry: "Co' boss! Co' bol"
Here sumachs show their gleaming fire
Above the purple aster spire;
And here, like embers In an urn.
The bending barberries blush and burn;
While from the opened milkweed pod
Drift snowy sails, and o'er the sod
Lift torches of the goldenrod.
The air Is soft, the air Is sweet;
The bygone lure of truant feet
Calls as it did In distant days
When all the world was hung wtlh
haze,
The haze of youth, and dreams wert
fain,
And filled with glories that remain
A halo round the old farm lane!
Clinton Scnllnrd In New York Sun.
Our Baby Chick
Hatchery
will start January 1. Place your order
now for chicks from high-bred WHITS)
LEGHORN ess-producers. Some of
our birds have a record of 280 eggs.
Catalogue and prices on application.
tH.I...Htr,orCo, T.,whln,i.B
50,000 CHICKS
S C WHITE LEGHORNS
Why waste feed on scrubs and In
bred stock when you can rat
chicks from pedigreed Oregon free
range. Trapneated, 11 i eggs and
over for Jl? per 100.
Agent for the
JUBILEE
INCUBATOR
Warlel'a Best.
HOLnnooKS jubi.
LRK HATCHERY,
K4UI Jtnip St,
Portland, Orecoa.
BLACK
LOSSES SURELY PREVENTED
b7 Ct1r' Bluklae Pint. Loir-
prlcM, fresh, reliable; preferred bt
wenlern stockmen because they pre
a mmm teet where ether vaoelnet fain
La 1 Write for booklet and testimonials;
I r I 10-dete ikae. Blacklei Pills 11.00
III JVa SO-doae ekie. Blaeklei Pllll 4.00
Use any Injector, but Cutter's beet
The superiority of Cutter products Is due to orer II
rears of epectfllldna In vaeelnee and seruma enly.
Insilt en Cutter's. If unobtainable, order direct.
THE CUTTER LABORATORY, Berkeley, Calllorala
WE AUK CASn BUYERS FOfl YOUH
POULTRY, EGGS, VEAL AND
HOGS, NO COMMISSION.
Highest Prices Always Try Us
PATTERSON dt CO.,
M Front Street, Portland, Of.
Reference: Northwest National Lsnat.
pjay fxi r From Reds' per 100 i8,o
LJJ-X. I VJl-iLS . 1Umyr - Rocks, per 100 18.00
CL I dp af Q Wnlt Leghorns, per 100 13.00
Vrf JTVO ' White Wyandottes, per 100 18.00
Pacific Poultry Co.
105 Seneca Street, Seattle, Washington.