J
Inventions and Appliances
Health and Sanitation
HOME AND FARM MAGAZINE SECTION
WOODMAN'S SAW GUIDE.
HIS saw guide, the Invention of
a lumberman of the Northwest,
enables one man to do the work
for which two have been required.
The big "two-man saw" which Is
ordinarily used has Its limitations. It
will go through an ordinary tree
trunk much more rapidly than an ax,
but on account of the position of the
tree It is difficult to guide the saw
through the wood in making a level
cut. The guide shown here assists in
holding the saw in a level position.
It reBts on a step which is cut out
of the trunk with a few chops of the
ax, and then it Is very readily ad
justed for work. The handle on the
business end of the saw Is turned
at an angle with the blade, so that
Its manipulation la further facili
tated. '
STRING-CUTTING FINGER RING.
THIS attachment can be easily
made and will pay for the trou
ble of making in the time it
saves the clerk or wrapper. The
knife and holder is cut from a strip
of sheet steel, about inch wide, Its
length depending on the width of the
ring. The steel Is cut almost half-
way through, as shown at A, then
fastened in a vise and bent down and
sharpened to form the blade. The
other part of the steel is bent as
shown and attached to the ring with
the end C, or it may be soldered, as
desired. The corners and edges
should be rounded with a file to
prevent chafing the finger.
PROTECTING TANKS FROM
FREEZING WATER.
A GREAT MANY water tanks are
ruined each year by the expan
sion of the water when freez
ing in severe weather. A simple de
vice to prevent this Is to procure
k good-sixed copped bucket and sus
pend it In the water In an Inverted
position, allowing air to remain in
the bucket. When the water freezes
the extra pressure that would other
wise be exerted on the walls of the
The Air in the Racket Relieves the
Pressure Caused by the Freezing
Water.
tank, instead acts on the air In the
bucket which is compressed, and thus
the tank is relieved. An iron or tin
bucket would soon rust out In the
water and for this reason It la best
to use a copper bucket
NEW INVENTIONS.
Pan for Draining Dishes This pan
is designed to be set np in a
ink or on a table in such a
way that the dishes will drain into
the dish pan, to which the device is
readily attached. The open end has
a wire clip which fits over the edge
of the dish pan.
Diving apparatus An elaborate
diving apparatus is designed mainly
for sponge fishing. It has three bay
windows provided with glass-covered
portholes through which the bottom
of the sea may be examined, and a
water-tight chamber through which
the diver leaves and enters the main
casing. By means of a rubber hand-and-arm
casing projecting downward
from each bay window, sponges may
be gathered and placed in a small
receptacle below the main floor while
the diver remains within the casing.
This apparatus Is tilted from side
to side by the occupant by means of
weights movable on a circular track.
Holder for shaving soap This de
vice, designed for convenience in
shaving, provides a handle, which Is
easily attached to a cylindrical cake
of soap. The cap or pan into which
the soap fits is provided with a pair
of perforations on one side. The
handle consists of a loop of wire, and
the sharp ends of the wire are in
serted through the perforations and
Into the soap.
Hatpin with safety point The
body of this hatpin consists of a
tube, in one end of which is a sliding
wire tipped with a sharp point. The
wire is made as a spring, and when
drawn out, takes the position shown,
with the point folded back against
the tubular portion. When the hat
pin is to be removed, the wire is
easily straightened with the fingers.
Telephone outfit for the deaf
This telephone outfit, when not in
use, has the appearance of an ordi
nary hand bag. In one of the pock
ets is a battery and telephone trans
mitter, the latter having its receiv
ing face attached to the perforated
wall of the bag so that sounds will
be received through the perforations.
Combined bed and cabinet In city
apartments, where adequate closet
room Is often lacking, a bed in which
the head is made in the form of a
cabinet, should prove a great con
venience. The cabinet portion has
two compartments, the lower being
reached through a side door, and
the upper through an opening at the
top, which is closed by a lid operat
ing on Bliding standards.
OLD 80k FAMILY PHYSICIAN.
THERE has been a very general
belief since ancient times in the
curative power of sunshine. But
until recently this was rather a
vague impression than a fact that
could be demonstrated practically,
and could not be explained theoreti
cally. At the present time, however,
the sun's curative power is being
demonstrated every day, and this
power can now be explained on theo
retical grounds. Certain forms of
tuberculosis, running sores, and
"even the hunchback characteristic
of Pott's disease" frequently yield
to the sun-ray treatment properly
applied. Tor, curiously enough, there
is a proper dosage of sunshine just
as there Is with remedies that come
in pasteboard boxes or bottles.
The specific element responsible
for the curative effect is the ultra
violet ray, which is a relative of the
X-ray, and one of the younger mem
bers of the prolific ray family. This
ray may be manufactured expensive
ly with man-made machinery, but Is
supplied free by the sun's direct
radiations.
The Swiss scientist. Dr. Rollier,
has recently reported 951 complete
cures out of 1,100 cases of surgical
tuberculosis treated at Leysin, Switz
erland; and still more recently Dr.
Louis Camous has recorded a large
number of cures by heliotherapy on
the Mediterranean coast And ex
periments that are being carried on
at the present time demonstrate that
this form of treatment may be used
anywhere, regardless of altitude or
climate.
An example of the kinds of condi
tions treated, and the method of
treating them, is shown by a report
of one of M. Corneloup's eases of
tubercular peritonitis, which is a
condition peculiarly resistant to ordi
nary therapeutic measures. The
patient in this instance was a girl of
20 in such an advanced stage of dis
ease that she was Incapable of the
slightest exertion. The treatment
consisted in placing her In a reclin
ing chair for one hour in the morn
ing and again in the afternoon with
the abdomen exposed, the other parts
of the body and the face being pro
tected from the sunlight by clothing
and a screen. Improvement in her
condition was apparent at once, and
In four months' time she was com
pletely cured. Yet hitherto her dis
ease had resisted all treatment.
In giving these sun-ray treatments
it is found that many patients are
unable to bear more than ten-minute
exposures at first; and In such eaaea
it is necessary to Increase the dose
gradually until the full dosage of
perhaps half an hour, or an hour, la
tolerated. The time limit of toler
ance is indicated by profuse sweafc.
lng and a painful, burning sensation
of the exposed part.
One of the most interesting meth
ods of applying heliotherapy is that
used in cases of Pott's disease, the
tuberculous curvature of the spine
which results In permanent hunch
back deformity. In treating this con
dition the pressure on the diseased
bones is1 relieved bv a plaster jacket
made to envelop the body and neek,
but having the plaster cut away over
the spine and abdomen so that the
min'a ravs mav be brought into direct
contact with the parts. This is found
advantageous because In the children
the vertebrae are almost as near the
front as the back, so tnat treatment
may be administered througn tne ao
domen as well as along the spine. '
NO TSE FOR RADIUM.
INFORMATION comes from Berlin
that the great German specialists
have abandoned the use of radium
for the treatment of cancer. So an
other of the announced "cures" is
laid aside after a long period of ex
periment upon human beings, how
manv hopes have been blasted, how
many lives sacrificed since radium
was announced as the cure for this
obscure disease no one can estimate.
It has in some cases seemed to effect
a cure, but these cases have been ex
ternal and in the early stage of the
disease, when the same end could
have been accomplished by a surgical
operation. How permanent sucn cures
are it Is too early to say, but it is
to be hoped that the disease has
been baffled in every such case. The
German surgeons say that such ap
parent cures are more apparent than
real, as in many cases the disease
makes its appearance again in some
other nart of the body. The conclu
sion would be, therefore, that can
cer is a blood disease and must be
fought through the blood. The Ger
man surgeons have turned from
radium back to the use of Roentgen
rays, and believe they have better
results from this treatment. These
rays have a deeper penetration and
a disintegrating effect upon the
tissues of the bodv. After this dis
integration the healing properties of
the blood effect the cure, this would
seem to be another proof that the
cure must be ultimately sought
through the blood.
Nature's gift to mankind
is perfected in good old
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