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HOME AND FAKM MAGAZINE SECTION
Oregon Agricultural College is the Friend of the Farmer
Page of News Notes and Interesting Articles Written by College Experts.
mSi
Oregon Agricultural College, Corvajus, Oregon, tne Sole Aim of Which Is to Aid Agriculturists.
GIRLS' ORGANIZATIONS. ...
NOT ALL 0 the advantages of col
lege life at 0. A. C. are derived
from the class room exercises.
A considerable proportion of the real
value of a college education comes
from the associations maintained
with other students. Working with
others, advising and receiving advice,
adjusting opinions and subordinating
self, are some of the advantages re
ceived by those active in student or
ganizations. The Young Women's Christian As
sociation is a live and efficient force
in character development among the
college women. The weekly meetings
are well attended and many chan
nels for usefulness are thus opened
to those who participate in this work.
The Madrigal Club is a girls musi
cal organization, and in its activities
many pleasant hours are spent by
those gifted with good voices. Music
receives much attention in the col
lege, and all students may take such
musical training as they are capable
and desirous of receiving.
The Home Economics Club is or
ganized with the idea of bringing to
the college community speakers who
are capable of presenting subjects in
Home Economics which might other
wise be unobtainable.
Many happy occasions are afford
ed by excursions to the nearby moun
tains or to the ocean beaches of the
Pacific, while small picnics, informal
social functions, and visits to the
homes of the Instructors and towns
people are of frequent occurrence. A
systematic effort is being made by
the women of the faculty to create
a "home" feeling among the students
and to offer an opportunity for bet
ter acquaintanceship between the
faculty women and women students.
All the women of the college are
eligible, of course, to offices in the
student body organizations and the
various classes. They are members
of such prominent college societies
as the Mask and Dagger and the
literary societies, and of such pro
fessional or technical clubs as the
Commercial Club and the Pharma
ceutical Association. They have their
own system of athletic sports, under
the direction of a professor of physi
cal education for women, and with an
exclusive gymnasium, equipped in a
thoroughly modern fashion for up
building the health and encouraging
the happiness of the women students
of the college.
ferior fruit at home and work It into
by-products, evaporated, vinegar,
canned, than to try to market it in
boxes. In some sections there is con
siderable fruit that has been more
or less damaged by scab, insect
stings and fruit pests. A rumor har.
reached me recently to the effect that
some of our fruit growers' associa
tions are planning to use some of
this fruit in their second grade class
this year.
"To use this fruit would be a fatal
mistake for the fruit growers of the
Northwest. On the contrary, we
should follow very strictly our grad
ing rules. These rules may be se
cured from any of the various sell
ing agencies, such as the North Pa
cific Fruit Distributors of Spokane
and Portland, and the Northwest
Fruit Exchange of Portland. These
associations have adopted fixed
grades and if fruit is sold through
them it must come up to grade. If
inferior fruit having worm stings,
scab, etc., is loaded on the market It
is going to hurt the sale of the bet
ter fruit. We will actually make
more money by dumping such fruit
into the river than to attempt to sell
it. I would urge upon all fruit grow
ers, and all individual growers that
are working independently, to grade
stricter this year than they ever did
before. The future of the fruit in
dustry demands it. Our market is
undoubtedly going to be restricted,
and we must look up new markets to
take the place of much of the fruit
that has heretofore gone to Europe.
It will be only by careful grading
that we can hope to secure results
this year."
GRADK APPLES STRICTLY.
SPECIAL pains with their grading
should be taken this year by all
our fruit men, if we are to re
tain our present markets and secure
the new ones necessary to take the
place of those lost by the European
wars. The crop Is fairly large, says
Professor C. I. Lewis, the Agricul
tural College horticulturist, whose ef
forts to secure high standards for
fruit and faithful adherence to those
standards has done so much to place
Oregon fruit in the front rank. His
views of present conditions and how
best to meet them follow.
"While our fruit crop is not so
large as the 1912 crop it is larger
than that of 1913. The apple crop
In the entire United States bids fair
to be large. The Canadian crop is
good. And our European market is
somewhat limited, so that it be
hooves us to be very careful of the
grade of fruit we put on the market.
"The dry summer 'has caused a
great deal of very dry fruit. Much of
this fruit is probably too small to
be profitably marketed. It would be
much better to keep this small, in-
SPECIMEN W1REWORM WANTED.
OREGON gardeners and farmers
whose crops have been troubled
by wirewornis are urgently re
quested to send in specimens to the
entomologists of the Agricultural
College. The Department of En
tomology is making an extensive
study of wireworms (Elateridae),
and false wireworms (Eleodes sp.),
with a view to learn more intimately
their life habits, time of maturing,
etc., in different parts of the state.
If growers who are interested will
bear this request in mind, they may
very often with but little trouble col
lect a great deal of material which
will be of value in better protection
of the crops. Wireworms may be
found collected in the soil about the
base of plants, especially root crops
such as onions, potatoes and field
beets. They likewise often gather in
large numbers in roots of mature
corn. In harvesting their fall crops
farmers may often find them in these
and other similar places and can
readily take them up, put them in
boxes or cans and mail them to the
department of Entomology, Oregon
Agricultural College, Corvallis. A re
port of the date and place of cap
ture should accompany the collection
The co-operation of growers in this
matter will be thoroughly appreci
ated by officers of the department.
LIVESTOCK IN CROOK COUNTY
ALTHOUGH there is some very
good dry farming country in
the Madras section of Crook
County, but very few livestock are
raised on the dry farms, according
to R. E. Reynolds, who traveled
through that district last month In
connection with the 0. A. C. farm
ers' institutes. Very few cattle and
only enough horses to do the farm
work are generally kept on the un
Irrigated farms. But with water for
irrigation, of which there is an ex
cellent prospect, this district will,
thinks Mr. Reynolds, become one of
the best stock countries of the West.
With water alfalfa can be grown in
abundance and many valuable field
crops besides. Already some corn,
field peas, turnips and artichokes
have been successfully grown upon
some of the dry land farms, but their
great need is water for irrigation
with which the country will surely
undergo rapid development, many
prosperous homes being built where
it is many miles between farmsteads.
LARGE PROMTS IN VSING THE
PI RE-RRED STALLION.
FIVE "HUNDRED PER CENT on
an investment in five years is
a conservative estimate of the
additional returns from breeding the
best mares to the best sound, pure
bred stallions, as compared to breed
ing them to grade or mongrel stal
lions, as shown by figures compiled
by the State Registration Board. Re
ports from Btallion owners of the
state show a difference In service
fees of but (3 between the cost of
breeding to the average pure-bred
as compared to the grade or mongrel
stallion. Data compiled In Wiscon
sin shows that the difference in
value of the offspring of these two
classes of stallions runs from $50 to
9100 with an average of 66. This
would make returns of 2,200 per cent
on the Investment and would not be
far wrong for this state.
"But let us be more conservative,"
said Professor Kennedy, the 0. A. C.
member of the Stallion Registration
Board, "and say that the value of
the horses will be Increased only
$30, less than half the increase
found in Wisconsin. And let us pay
$6 additional for our service fees
and get the very best horses, while
our figures show a cost of but $3
additional. Then we still have a 500
per cent Increase on our Investment
when the colt is matured, four or
five years after paying the additional
fee. The board believes that it is a
good Investment to commence grad
ing up the farm horse stock by mat
ing carefully selected, sound mares
with sound, prepotent, pure-bred
stallions."
PROFITABLE DAIRY SIRES
BOUGHT BY CLUB METHOD
FIVE DAIRYMEN of Lane County
recently purchased co-operatively
a bull calf for the sum of
$250. These men own about 50
cows an average of ten each. The
production records of the bull's an
cestors practically insure that his
daughters will show an increase of
30 pounds of butler-fat over that of
the yearly production of their dams.
With usual percentage of increase
of females allowing 10 per cent for
death losses there will be at the end
of two years 45 heifers whose excess
production will amount to $405 an
nually. This will more than pay for
the bull and his keep leaving the
owners the bull Just entering his
prime and the young cows just en
tering their profitable stage.
The foregoing facts and conclu
sions were pointed out by Professor
W. A. Barr Federal and O. A. C. Ex
tension Dairyman who is working to
bring about more co-operative buy
ing of dairy sires! He Is especially
desirous that at least one other
group of dairymen buy an Ayreshire
bull in the Lane County district so
that the owners of this one may ro
tate ownership with the new group,
whereby each member of both asso
ciations will have the use of good
sires for at least four years. Five
considerations which justify this
form of purchase are given by Pro
fessor Barr as follows:
1. Each man must recognize the
possibility of higher success in com
bination than as individuals.
2. Each man must lay aside all
prejudices and let dollars and cenU
rather than sentiment determine the
breed that in view of natural pro
duction conditions and available mar
kets should be selected.
3. All must agree as to breed of
bull, ancestral requirements, and
price to be paid.
4. Each man must subscribe hi3
share of ihe stock to make the pur
chase, based on the proportional
number of his cows.
5. Adopt constitution and by-laws
governing the handling, care and use
of the association bull.
Copies of constitutions and by
laws may be had of the Extension
Division of the Agricultural College,
which will also be glad to furnish
further information concerning these
associations.
Judges of products at the Linn
County Fair September 23-25, from
Oregon Agricultural College, were R.
E. Reynolds, livestock; D. C. Howard,
dairy; E. M. D. Bracker, farm ma
chinery; W. S. Brown, fruit and
vegetables, and one judge of domestic
science exhibits.
A. H. BURTON
Progressive
Nominee
Education
f graduated
from Southern
Illinoi State
Normal, 1901;
University 0 f
Illinois, ii7;
University 0 f
Oregon Law
scnool, nn'd.
Experience
Taught 6 yoars
In country
schools, 6 years
i principal und
a superintend
snt, 7 years in
targe high
schools 1 now
State Superintendent w 1 1 ?. ' in g h
of Schools IT01-
Principles I favor longer terms for coun
try schools, consolidation whero practical,
better touchers, teachers promoted for merit
only, practical courses, State's money more
economically expended.
Plenty of Good, Bright
LIGHT
MAKES THE HOME PLEASANT
"THE MODEL" Acetylene
Generator
Fills the bill. Also very useful for cook
ing. No matches required. Have day.
light in your barn at night it will save
you time and worry. Send for circular
and prices.
R. A. TWISS
Fourth and Jefferson Streets
PORTLAND, OREGON.
WATER SYSTEMS
PNEUMATIC AND GRAVITY
LIGHTING SYSTEMS
Aeetylone and Eioctric.
Plumbing Supplies at Wholesale.
Got My Priees.
R. A. TWISS
Fourth and Jefferson Sts Portland, Ore,