IIOME AND FARM MAGAZINE SECTION
11
Transplanting Trees
THE transplanting of a tree, whether
it be small or large, usually checks
its growth, and while this check is
not always detrimental, yet it usually
reduces the total growth for the suc
ceeding two or three years. This general
check is caused by the loss of roots
which takes place in digging tho trees.
It matters little how carefully a tree
may be dug, it will suffer a severe loss
of roots and in many cases from one
half to three-fourths of its entire root
system, and practically all of its feed
ing roots will be lost. It is iinpossi-
dio to exercise too much care in the
digging and transplanting of trees and
especially in dry or severe climates.
The time or season of the year for
transplanting deciduous trees is gov
erned by the development of the tree,
the condition of the soil and tho weath
ed that is apt to follow transplanting.
Many trees may be successfully trans
planted at any time curing their dor
mant cr leafeless period, while others
requiro that transplanting bo done at
certain seasons of tlie year. If the
trees are fully matured, the soil moist,
not wet, and the winters sot too severe
one may feel safe in fall planting. If
the sou is wet and poorly prepared and
the trees are not well ripened off, it
is safer to plant in early spring.
Deciduous trees should be planted
from ono to two inches deeper than they
grow in the nursery.
Thoroughly pulverized, moist earth
should bo worked in among tho roots
until the holo is about half full, and
then this earth should be tamped until
it is solid. The lamping of earth around
the' roots of the trees is one of the most
important features of transplanting
trees.
, Water may be applied to tho hole
either the flay before tho trees are plant
ed or after the hole iff half full of earth,
but if the soil is moist it is usually best
not to use any water. Tho upper half
of tho soil that is filled with tho hole
may be left loose or lightly tamped,
and the surface left loose and finely
pulverized. This will servo as a mulch
as well as take up any water that may
fall on the surface.
Evergreen trees are moro difficult to
transplant successfully than deciduous
trees, but if tho proper time be selected,
the trees properly handled while they are
out of the ground, the manner of plant
ing be not too faulty, and tho care they
receive after transplanting be reason
able, one may usually expert success.
With the proper care, an evergreen
tree may be transplanted any month
during the year. Probably tho most
favorablo time for transplanting ever
greens is in the spring. Trees trans
planted just after they have started into
' growth, start at once to grow and in
many cases do not receive a perceptible
shock. Full planting has been success
fully used in many localities, and where
all conditions are favorablo it is a safe
yenture.
Large deep holes with plenty of moist
earth in the bottom should be provided
for any tree. During transplanting the
roots must never become dried either by
tho wind or from the sun.
Another very important phase in tree
transplanting is to make the soil very,
very firm around its roots. If the soil
is well prepared and in proper condition,
it is impossible to make it too firm.
Moro newly transplanted evergreens die
on account of the planter failing to
make the soil firm about the roots than
from any othcr.single cause. This is
tho only, safe way to exclude the air
from tho roots, and unless this is done
failure is sure to follow.
Thinning Grapes
UNY otherwise suitable grapes do
not ship well on account of the
excessive compactness of the
bunch. A compact bunch is difficult to
pack without injury and cannot be
freed from imperfect berries without
spoiling good berries.
This excessive compactness can be
prevented before the berries are one
third grown. Thinning, moreover, in
creases the size of the berries, hastens
jriponing, promotes eolonng and lessens
some forms of sunburn. The practice
is regularly followed with success by
many growers of Tokay, Black Morocco
and other grapes, where bunches are
usually too compact. While apparently
ostly, the expense is often more than
counterbalanced by the saving in trim
ming of the ripe grapes. The increase
of quality thus becomes a net gain.
The bunches are thinned at any time
after the berries have set and before
they have reached one-third their ma
ture size.
No bunches are removed, but only a
certain proportion of tho berries of
each bunch. The number of berries to
be removed will depend upon how com
pact the nnthinned bunches usually
become. In general, it will vary from
one-third to one-half of the total num
ber.
The thinning is effected by cutting
out several of the side branchlets of
the bunch. Tho branchlets should be
removed principally from the part of
the bunch which has most tendency to
compactness, usually the upper part.
The work can be done very rapidly, as
no great care is neC2ssary in preserving
the shape of the bunch. However irregu
lar or one-sided the bunch looks imme
diately after thinning, it will round
out and become regular before ripen
ing. A long, narrow-bladed knifo or a pair
of grape-trimming scissors can be used
conveniently for this work.
TO DESTEOY WEEDS IN WALKS.
ROCK SALT or blue vitriol is a cheap
and effective agent for destroying
weeds in walks, garden paths, etc.
The best method of procedure is to boil
the salt or blue vitriol in water, one
pound to the gallon, and apply the solu
tion boiling hot, with a watering pot
that has a spreading nozzle. This will GOING EAST OT
keep the weeds and worms away for two POMIIMP WFiT
or three years. Put one pound to the - "-UiVUPHj VYIJl,
square yard at first and afterwards a Wt can Sate, you Money
weaker solution may be applied when .
required. Gas liquor is another cheap A&"&1&2'Zl
medium, but has an offensive odor and ioeortng prompt delivery ui euefal
may injure the roots of trees if eare- handlint,
less used "' Information farnlahed on raqoeaf,
. Pacific Coat Forwarding Company
-.,,,. 201 Wikwi BoiWiat, Portland Oreto.
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1 C 4
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