TTOMF, AND FARM MAGAZTNtf SECTION"
Improving The Herd
t "III ETHER you consider yourself a
4 dairyman or not no doubt yon
keep cows and milk them. If so,
then you may as well have as good
eows u possible, for a good cow takes
no more stable room, eats no more hay,
requires no more attention than a very
poor producer.
It would seem that everybody would
want better cows than ho has, no mat
ter how good they are. Yet this is the
exception rather than the rule, judg
ing by deeds instead of words. A very
small per cent only have good dairy
sires. A still smaller per cent endeavor
by test to find out which cows are
worthy of a place in the herd as breed
ing Btock. As long as the scrub bull
and scrub cow exist there will be no
nerd improvement.
An animal doesn't have to be pedi
greed to be good and a' pedigree is not
always a sure indication of excellence
in dairy production. So in choosing a
bull especially it is necessary to know
what his predecessors have been good
for. There are some very poor pedi
greed dairy stock for sale.
An animal doesn't have to be pedi
greed to be good and a pedigree is not
always a sure indication of excellence
in dairy production. So in choosing a
bull especially it is necessary to know
what his predecessors have been good
for. There are some very poor pedi
greed dairy stock for sale.
If the sire came from a good cow and
ti lineage was noted for milk produc
tion, the chances are that he will im
prove the herd he heads. By testing
and selection the common eows can be
rapidly improved so that it is not neces
sary to buy pure bred stock. But it is
useless to buy a good sire and make no
effort to know what cows are the best
to breed from. It is a slow process of
improvement when all cows are ro
tained and their offspring also. The
poorest ones keep dragging tho rocord
down. ),
Besides blood of dairy excellence it
is, of course, necessary to feed prop
erly. Timothy hay and: oat straw will
not make the best herd on earth pro
duce very welL On the other hand, a
good dairy ration for even a scrub
herd will help a whole lot at the pail
end.
No one can expect as much milk from
a herd improperly housed and fed as
from one receiving regular, intelligent
attention. Fall-fresh eows will do bet
ter than spring fresh.
It has been found that the farmer
who made the improvement and profit
was a student of dairy farming. He was
a reader of dairy literature to the ex
tent of becoming a disciple of better
dairying. Until a man has ambition to
do better he never does. When he reads
with indifference or ridicule he's a
standpatter for whom thero is no hope.
But when he gets enthnsed and begins
to practice what he reads then there
is hope for his herd improvement
Sheep on Small Farms
IN DISCUSSING the future meat
supply in a recent government bul
letin one of the writers said:
"Sheep are not generally profitable to
the farmer. Their numbers are slowly
decreasing nearly everywhere except on
the ranges, and the latter are so fully
stoeked that not much increase is to
be looked for in that direction. There
is no probability of any considerable
future increase in the number of these
animals."
It would seem that this writer is over
looking the possibilities along the line
of sheep growing as a small farm in
dustry, says the Kansas Farmer. Prop
erly handled there is no more profitable
farm aninal. Another writer in this
same bulletin seems to give the sheep
more consideration as a meat producing
animal. This writor takes up in detail
the various ways in which the average
farm can get into the meat production
business. One of the possibilities he
mentions is: "By raising sheep more
extensively in the corn belt and in the
eastern states. The importance of the
wool industry causes farmers to over
look the value of sheep for mutton and
as weed destroyers. A small flock of
sheep of ono of the mutton breeds
should be kept on every farm to graze
the roadways, the stubble fields after
grain is cut and the corn field after the
corn is full grown. Both wool and
Iambs are salable"
Many a farm would be a more profit
able enterprise as a whole if a small
flock of sheep was-added to the live
stock equipment. 8heep reproduce more
rapidly thau cattle and eome to matur
ity at an early age, rivaling swine in
this respect. Being ruminants they
handle the same class of feeds as eattlt
and are far more useful than cattle as
gleaners of waste. The meat is verj
healthful and, as the carcass is small,
furnishes possibilities in fresh meat,
which would be most acceptable on
most farms, especially during the sum
mer season. This alone should give
few sheep a place on every farm. On
Some farms chicken is the only fresh
meat available during the summei
season. Even fried chicken, become!"
monotonous when it is the only fresh
meat appearing on the table for days ai
a stretch.
Cream Separator Bowl Leaks
3d. Large udder, as it is here that
the milk is made.
4th. large milk wells. It is through
these that the blood returns to the heart
from the udder. If they are large, it
indicates that a largo amount of blood
passes through the' udder.
5 til. Large, clear eyes. This indi
cates good nerves, and they drive the
organs of digestion and milk-making.
Dairy Hints
IT IS well to remember that old milk
is never wholesome even when it has
been kept at a low temperature and
is still sweet.
Yon should be on friendly terms with
your cows to reap the benefit of their
full capabilities.
: That milk can, is it getting rustyf
A rusty can, no matter how well it is
lloansed, will give milk an off-flavor.
j You cannot afford to lot other farm
duties interfere with the regular care
and milking of tho cows.
; It can safely be set down that but
ter churned and worked too warm will
be unsatisfactory in color and flavor.
! Somo farmers won't believe it, but
it is a fact that most profitable mo
ments we can spend are in spraying
the cows.
The evenings are warm enough yet
to cause the cow s blood to surge to
ward fever beat while she is being
driven up by a thoughtless boy and a
worthless dog.
Cows ara nervous, timid and sensi
tive and they suffer with homesickness.
The newly purchased cow is apt to fall
off in her milk flow for a time until
she gets used to new surroundings.
warts on a cow s teats mav be remov
ed by applying tincture of iodine every
day for ajout ten days. Warts annoy
the milker and are often painful to the
cow.
The
Barthold-Barg Co.
Inc.
127 Fourth Street, Portland, Ore,
Exclusive Dealers in
Drawing Materials
arfiftati
1
9
Steel Tape Eepaired.
to
Buy one and take
pictures of your
stocks, erops and
buildings.
We carry all sop
plics and do finishing.
PIKE &MABKHAM CO.
313 Washington SU, Portland, Oregon.
FOR SALE-PRICE $6,000
30 ACHES H miles from Cbehalis.
In Newankum Valley, on good road, all
cleared and in high state of cultivation.
jTwo sets of buildings (very good). In
I quire of owner.
J. M. BOLLTKQ
Chehalis, Wash., Route No. 3.
HIDES
nnis, W30L, PELTS, ETC.
HIBBARD 3TEWABT CO.,
Seattle. Wua.
Write for Price List and
Shipping Tags.
fPlraee ift.tiow thin paper.)
Frot riee midding ii dtlirimii
nourishing winter dcrccrt.
The hit or miss plan of raising sheep
has never yet proven profitable.
7EATKI1
.The Farm that is equipped with the
Waterloo Boy Engine $Kg Woodin & Little
Horizontal Centrifugal Pump
le not at the merer of the rather. No matter how not. sold or try It Bar be. no natter whet
tbe condition thia engine and pump will work ateadilr and well. And backing np the lone
and contlauoua aenrlce which thin tramp and engine will gin la the Intelligent and cheerful
penonai eenrioe which the Woodin at Little Piunw Hoaae ntenda to all Ita eaetomere.
Whatever la needed in the pump line row may be rare we bar it What.
war ia purchaaed from ua yea can rat aaeoxed ia of tbe higheat ejaudirr.
Theee wiaMng detailed deaeriptiona of the wrap and engine hen Ulaetratod together with
catalogue of the big line of
Pumpe for Eeery Servfca and Uie-Gaioline En am ee Wind MiOa PWCaeiag
rittanga BrawGooda,etc.-caahae It free of charge, addneai
. WOODIN & UTTLE-PUMP HOUSE
33 to 41 Fremont Street Sea FreavdeceiCaL
Wo carry the largeet Una at Pnaipe ba tbe United State.
Call poa your eareet dealer for aw propeaitiem.
A BOWL leak in a cream separator
is sometimes unavoidable, but in
almost every instance it can be
corrected by a change in your methods.
When a manufacturer puts on the crank
handle of his machine in raised letters,
65 turns per minute, be does it because
it is absolutely necessary to turn the
crank so many times per minute to se
cure the necessary bowl speed of from
6,000 to 10,000 revolutions per minute.
If the bowl is not revolved at its proper
speed, it not only will not separate the
milk and cream completely, but it often
happens that not snfficictt forco is gen
erated to throw the milk and cream
across the intervening space between
the outlet of the bowl and the spouts,
and a small amount of milk trickles be
tween the outlets and tho spouts into
the bowl frame. This is often in such
volume that the drain will not carry
it off and the milk goes into the top
bearing and finds it way down into
tbe gears with disastrous results unless
the machinery is promptly and carefully
cleaned. We have seen separators utter
ly ruined irom this cause, owing to
the fact that the accumidakil filth in
the working parts prevents the oil from
reaching tho inside bearings. The
pindle heats with the great speed of
the machine and is'so badly cut that it
is thrown out of true and iu time cuts
ttho transmittory gear so badly that the
machine is practically useless withont
new parts.
Another frequent cause of bowl leaks
is from over-speeding, which either sets
up sueh a pressure in the bowl that
the milk is forced out through the bowl
ring in spite of its apparent efficiency,
or the increased speed causes tho milk
to spray from the outlets and the tin
ware fills with foam, which finds its
way into the bowl frame.
Bowl leaks are also caused by starting
the milk through the separator before
full Bpeed has been reached, and by
dropping the speed at the last of tho
run before the bowl' i completely
emptied of its contents.
The milk of a cow suffering from in
digestion, a comparatively frequent ail
ment, will foam anC pass into the bowl
Jrame.
Ill-fitting aLd worn out bowl rings, of
course, play no inconsiderable part in
the tro-ible.
FIVE POINTS OF A DAIBX COW.
THE five points to be observed in
selecting a good dairy cow are:
1st. Lareo body and especially
middle piece, indicating a capacity for
eating and digesting a lot 01 loocl.
2d. Thinly fleshed backbone and es
pecially back of tho shoulders. This
indicates that the food is not made into
flesh.
SAFETY FIRST!
This is the slogan of the day. It applies to investments as well as
other things Can you get a big income from yonr money with perfect
saretyr Isn t there always danger of losing a crop or a lot of stock
or to have the market drop on youf Certainly, we all know it. But GOLD
is always worth $20 an ounce and if you invest in a proven fold mine
you are safe.
40o for yourmoney
is tho profit we can show you. We are raising money foT a 100-ton plant
not to prospect for ore. Wo have the ore developed to a depth of
300 feet. 1 '
INVESTIGATE NOW.
The California Consolidated Mines Co.
63 Sixth Street.
LICENSED UNDER
H. W. Manning, Pre
'BLUE SKY" LAW.
Mail This Now.
The California Consolidated Mines Co.,
63 Sixth Street, Portland, Oregon.
GENTLEMEN: Please send complete information about
your mines,'
: . y ame.
Address,