1
nOME AND FARM MAGAZINE SECTION
Professor Lovett tells Housewives How to Control Insects
Assistant Professor of 0. A. C. Gives Advice on Handling of Vital Problem in the Home..
LNCE earliest history certain in- about the yard in which water might
sects have oeen recognized as
pests of the household, either be
cause of what they actually destroyed
or due to the irritation and annoyance
caused by their presence.
Vntil comparatively recent years, the
house fly was considered a necessary
nuisance because of its activities as a
scavenger. It is now known to carry
typhoid fever, tuberculosis, cholera,
dysentery and probably several other
diseases as serious.
The careful screening of doors and
windows and the use of fly traps and
sticky fly paper wfll remain important
means of control A 2 per cent formal
dehyde solution is useful in destroying
flies. A 40 per cent solution of formal
dehyde may be obtained at any drug
store, riaee the dilute solution in flat
dishes about the rooms where flies oc
cur. Cover all food in the evening,
leaving the formaldehyde exposed. If
milk or a little honey and vinegar are
used instead of water to dilute the for
maldehyde the solution is even more
effective.
Kidding House of Plies.
To rid the house of flies, darken the
rooms, leaving a single window or door
open. Then burn cones of pyrethrum in
the rooms. The powdcTed pyrethrum
may be moistened, moulded into cones
about the size of a chocolato drop and
dried in the oven with a slow heat. To
use the cone, place it in a plate or on a
bit of crockery and light the apex A
single coue to the room is usually sufficient.
About 20 or 30 drops of carbolic acid
placed on a heated shovel or similar im
plement will volotalize and kill all the
flies in an ordinary room.
The contents of open outhouses and
similar breeding places, where not con
veniently screened, should be treated
weekly with chloride of lime.
To rid a community of flies, which
is, after all, the more practical method,
Tequires community action for the aboli
tion of breeding places. This is a
measure well worthy of tho attention
of civic leagues and municipal authori
ties. The house fly is truly a menace
to health. It may be controlled with
but little labor or expense where every
citizen in a community co-operates to
this end.
Fleas.
Upon returning to s house which has
been vacated for ths summer, one some
times finds it overrun with fleas. (Tig.
1.) Outbuildings and yards under cer
tain conditions may have a t'.nrilar infestation.
collect should be removed. The clogged
roof gutter, the old disused well or the
sewer catch on the corner should re
recive attention. All stagnant pools or
low moist places should be drained or
filled in.
Fish may sometimes be introduced
into fishless pools or open cisterns. Top
minnows, sunfish or sticklo backs are
very good. Goldfish feed voraciously
on mosquito larvae.
The Use of OIL
Where the abolition of the breeding
place is not possible and the introduc
tion of fish is not feasible, very often
In particularly obstinate cases hydro
cyanic acid gas fumigation, (See Fleas)
should bo given.
Bedbugs.
Bedbugs, like cockroaches, may occa
sionally gain entrance to our linuseli ..Id.
In these times of mucn travel and fre
quent transient visitors, cue need feel
it no disgrace to find bedbugs in the
house; but, as some one has remarked,
"we should feel disgraced to retail
them long in our midst."
A thorough overhauling of the furni
ture aud rooms should bo made. The
woodwork must havo special attention.
Every crack and crevice should bo treat-
. Banana . ffeel Bait.
"Outer Paper Cone
, 4 m k A
The Graham Trap for Cockroaches.
ami
A
Fleas are different to control and one
must make their eradicatioa a busintea
for a time, in order to successful y lid
the premises of this irritiiing pest.
House pets should be examined and if
infested, wash thoroughly with carbolic
soap, repeating the bath at least ivory
week for a time. Wash the floors and
walls with a strong soap suds, then spray
or wash with gasoline. Substitute rugs
for carpets; take these up frequently,
ehake and air well.
Where the pest does not yield to the
above treatments, the hydrocyanic ncul
gas fumigation should ge given Be
cause of the deadly nature of these
fumes, the work should be under the di
rection of an erpeit in the nno of tha
as.
Mosquitoes.
Oregon is remarkably free from mos
quito plagues. In limited areas at cer
tain periods of the year, however, this
obnoxious little offender with its plain
tive song and irritating bite may be
come a nuisance.
Mosquitoes breed in bodies of stagnant
water and the little active wrigglers so
common in watering troughs and stor
age tanks are mosquitoes in the making.
Where storage tanks of any sort are
necessary, they should be carefully
screened. Tin cans, bottles and pans
oil may be used to an advantage. This
is applied to the water as a thin surface
film. A low grade of kerosene is best.
The heavier oils, such as crude oil, are
worthless, because they collect in
blotches on the surfaee and do not form
thin even coating. One ounce of oil
is sufficient for 15 square feet of sur
face. It is best applied as a spray. One
application is usually good for two
weeks or more, but should be renewed
whenever the film of oil fails to cover
the surface of the water.
Protective liquids for repelling the
mosquitoes, consisting of spirits of cam
phor, oil of pennyroyal, oil of pepper
mint, etc., arc recommended. A few
drops on a bath towel suspended over
the pillow or nibbed on the face and
hands, is supposed to repel the mos
quitoes. A mixture recommended highly
is composed of:
Essential oil of oranges 30 grains
Camphorated alcohol . l!0 grains
Oil of cedar 15 gr.'tins
Remedies for Mosquito Bites.
Moist toilet soap Tubbed over the
puncture; ammonia, or alcohol (applied
externally) are said to relieve the irri
tation.
Cockroaches.
Cockroaches are another of the dis
gusting pests which sometimes gain en
trance; and if once thoroughly estab
lished, they are difficult to eradicate.
A thorough house cleaning is of first
importance; all cracks and crevices
should be trea'ed with gasolioe and then
filled with putt? or similnr material
Poisons, such as sweet chocolate and
powdered borax or phosphorus paste,
may be scattered about the runways of
the roaches.
A simple trap known as the Graham
trap is described by Professor Wash
burn. The trap consists of n flat-not
tomed flask of tho type in the accom
panying figure.( Fig. 2.) A paper cone
B fitted into the mouth of the ilasn and
held in place with vaseline smeared
around the inside of the neck. A smaller
cone is fitted into the larger and is
glued to the wall of the larger cone,
The smaller opening of the two eones
is the same, about thrjs eights inch in
diameter. The most tempt' ng riait seems
to be banana peeling. 'Xhe cage should
be placed near the runs of the roachet,
preferably in a situation wntro were is
little light and noise.
ed with corrosive sublimate or gasoline.
Gasoline is probably the better to
handle. A small spray pump may be
used and tbe bedding, walls and floors
given a thorough 'Bonking. Repeat tbe
treatment in nine days. For aggravated
cases, hydrocyanic acid gas fumigation
(See Fleas) should be given.
Ants.
Ants 'sometimes become troublesome
about the house. Several species of
ants will assume this habit, crawling
nto and over foods and food products.
With forms which have their colonies
outside, one may treat them with carbon
bisulfide and wipe out the entire colony.
With a sharp stick punch holes in the
soil, over and about the hill. Treat
each hole with a tablcspoonful of the
liquid.
Two poiBons are used inside the house
to attract the ants. Both hivve tho ad-
antaee of not killing instantly. The
ants carry the poison to the colony and
feed the developing brood on it. sud
sequently the colony is killed ouU
No. 1:
Tartar Emetic 3 grains
Syrup 4 ouncos
Mix the matenalB and place on Dits
of china or chips near the runways of
the ants.
No. 2:
Sugar 21 pounds
Water I P't
Sodium arsehite 1-3 teaspoonful
Dissolve the sugar in the water, plac
ing in a doublo boiler and heating gen-
tly. Dissolve the arsenite in a iittio
hot water and add, stirring constantly.
Place in vessel and label poison. MoiBten
a sponge with tho solution and place it
in a enn with a tin cover, l'uncn a lew
holes in the cover and place the can in
position easily accessible to the ants.
Ant tape is the best material for use
as a barrier to protect, materials from
ants. It is prepared as follows: Pre
pare a saturated solution of corrosive
sublimate by placing an excess of cry
stals in water and heating in a granite
or earthenware vessel (not iron). Cool
and filter. Soak common cotton tape
n this solution for several hours, re
move, hang out and dry. Tie the strips
of tape about the legs of tables, etc
Ants will not cross these strips xor a -
year or more.
caution.
Carbon bisulfide is inflammable. Do
not handle near a stove nor have any
fire or spark abont when using.
The sodium arsenite and the corrosive
sublimate solutions are poisonous. They
should bo plainly labeled and handled
with all due caution.
Carpet Beetles and Clothes Moths.
Expensive carpets are often injured
and winter clothing, laid away for the.
summer, may be attacked by the larvae
of these pests.
Clothing and carpets should be Ming
n the sunlight, thoroughly beaten and
aired before storing away. The cloth
ing should be placed in cardboard boxes
or heavy paper sacks and the edges and
cracks sealed with gummed paper.
Spraying infected materials with gaso
line or steam cleaning will rid them of
the pest.
Stored Product insect .rests.
Corn meal, dried fruit, etc., are some
times found infested with worms or
minute beetles.
Clean out the containers thoroughly
and wash with boiling soap suds. Then
carefully rinse and dry.
Heat the infested material in the
oven. A temperature or iza to idu de
gree, Fahrenheit, will kill all stages
of these stored pests.
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