8
HOME AND FARM MAGAZINE SECTION
Automobiles and Good Roads
A Department Designed to Help Farmers With Progressive Road Ideal.
$ S $ J'S
. .-
Here is an interesting arti';
V clo discussing the repair and
maintenance of ea.th roads. It
is particular of interest just now $
while P. Ward King, inventor .
S of the King Road Brag, 19 vis
S iticg the Northwest. , ' : 4
C
IF YOU look at the ordinary country
road afte a slio.fer, yon will see
small puddles along the wneel ruts
and sometimes larger pool?. This wa
ter stays on the road surface because
it cannot drain away iato the side
ditches. If you look closely you will
tee Paid ditches which have grown up
with bushes and weed- iu many cases,
and which arc so far from the trav
eled pait of the road that the rain wa
ter does not drain into them. That
part of the roadway where the wagons
travel is called the traveled v ay. To
prevent water from standing on the
traveled way, the road should be raised
iu the center and should slope gently
into broad, shallow ditches, it is -then
said to have a crown. U it is ten feet
from the center of the rud to the Bide
ditch, the surface at tho side ditch,
the surface at the side ditch should be
at least ten inches lower than it is at
the center wlurc- tho horses travel. The
road then has a ten-inch crown.
The rain that tails on a road proper
ly crowned will run quickly to tho side
and not soak into tho surface or form
pools, The side ditches for surface
vater should run parallel to the right
of way, and sliould be open at every
low point so that the water can rmi out
of them into neighboring brooks or
streams. If the ditches merely collect
the water from the roai surfacs and
it cannot run away, larc pool wtlr-ho
fcrmed along the roadside, which will
gradually teak inio tho soil beneath
the road and make it so sott that the
wheels of wagors will cut through the
road snrl'acs and soon destroy it.
Surface V,'at:r Trouble.
Sometinrs water runs from land
along the road into the road, and forms
a little stieani down the wheel tracks
c in the middle, where the horses
travel. When driveways into farm
yards sro built across tin said ditches
they frequently form channels for wa
ter from the farm yard '. run into the
load. Tho pipes under driveways be
come filled with leaves or rubbish and
the water can no longer run away, ii
the driveways -that stop the ditch water
were rebuilt so that no pipes were neces
sary and the ditch could bo left open,
much trouble from surface water would
be stopped.
To keep a road smooth and crowned
The King of
SILENT
POWEEFTJL
VIBRATIONLESS
The Henderson
THE AUTOMOBILE
That Needs Neither Oarage Nor Chaffeur.
The first motorcycle was constructed with a single cylinder. This was a big im
provement orcr the bicycle and very satisfactory for the city messenger service. But it
was not until 2-C7linder machines came out that cross-country riding became popular. Only
those who have fairly burned up their machines trying to climb a hill or pull through
and know the value ot surplus power when touring. As the single was an improvement
over the bicycle and the twin an advance over the single, so is the 4-CYLINDEB 8 H. P.
HENDERSON a big advantage over the twin Write for illustrated catalogue or call for
t Free Demonstration.
31 Stark Street GEO.G, RYSER roiUand, Oregon.
the best methexl is to drag it with, a
r;ad drag. A road lrag u made ,-aily
with two. halves of it loj. wfeith las bwo
split. The log should bo about six or
eight inches in thickness and abo t
six or eight feet long. The two halves
of the log are set three feet apart with
the smooth faces forward and upright.
ihey are then fastened toiether wi 'i
braces set in holes bored through the
og. A pair of horses ma,- be used
to drag the road, and are hitched .0
a chain fastened to tLc front half, of
the log. The road drag shoiid move
forward so that it slants across the
road in such way that a small aronnt
of earth will rliele past the sr.icoth face
of the '.og tcward tho center of the
road, thus forming the crow:-. The
edges of; the logs will s ooth out the
rvta.
Best Way to Drag.
The '-est way to drag ig to begin at
tie side ditch and go 'up one. side ef
the road, anel then down the other. In
the next trip the drag should bo started
a little nearer the center, and the last
trip over the road the drag may work
close to the center itsc'f. Small ridges
of earth will be thrown in the borso
tracks and smeared by the round side
of the log smoothly over the road.
Smearing the earth by the drag is callel
"puddling," and it tends to make the
surface of the road smooth and water
tight after the sun comes out.
The road is always dragged after it
has rained, nud not when it is dry.
A good, strong pair of horses with
a well built drag can drag three or
four miles of road in ft day, ane" it is
the best way tc maintain good roads.
Iu every country some farmer along
each lour miles of road should own a
drag and drag the ror.d when it rains,
and ho would always find the road in
good condition wlicn he goes to market.
Auto Licensi Fee Opposed
A storm of proifat has been hurled
ct City Commissioner iiowman, of New
Orleans, who proposes to enforce a re
cent ordinance making necessary a li
eer.Eo fee from each person permitted
to operate a motor car on tho streets
of the city. Tho ordinance also pro
vides that a picture of the driver must
bo carried, rer.ely for reference in case
it should bo demanded by any police
man. There is no objection to the
examination to determine the compe
tency of all drivers, but the picture and
fee features are being attacked by the
motor organizations.
Eo Careful
Don 't start out in the morning until
you are satisfied that your battery has
been fully charged.
Motorcycles
AUTO CONTROL
AUTO MAGNETO
AUTO TIRES
Some Good Hints on Care of Tire
Farmer Writes for Advice aid General Answer Is Given With
Ideas on How to Save Tire Cost.
Some furthcr.yaluable -hints ou
the care of tires prepared by an
expert and in addition to those $
published last week are given be
low. They will be found to ut
down the cost of the farmers'
fires. 5
- , 8
AVOID greases, oils and aeids, they
ere solvents of rubber, cause rapid
deterioration, make tires suscepti
ble to cuts and similar injuries.
Soapstones or tale is p. lubricant of
rubber and er ough of it should be used
when inserting a new tube to allow it
to slide easily and avoid friction, and
the vulcanization of tho inner tube
to the casing, which is likely to happen
when the casing is overheated from a
long run or from standing iu the hot
sun, but not so much as ti harden '.he
j'case or irom lumps.
i ne nrst auto accessory to buy is a
pressure gauge. It should be used
often.
Tiro Stretching Tendency.
Ilon't forget a new tire has a ten
dency to s. retch undei air pressure. It
takes from ten to "twenty days for a
cas ng to att.-in its full dimensions, ac
cording to service. This ,-ieaus that
care should be given to inflation during
the first two weeks.
Air costs nothing, use plenty of it.
Uso nothing but air to inflate tires,
gas, especially carbonic, injures tubes.
he on the safe side and have yonr
tires more than large enough to carry
ear and nil extras. Vou will receive
Skater mileage ma easier riding qual
ities in return for tho slight cost of
ovcr-sizo tires.
insufficient Inflation.
Insufficient inflation and continual
overloading destroys casings and tubes.
Remember that over loaded tires are
25 per cent more expensive to run and
jo per cent added to the weight of the
car adds 15 per cent to tho wear on
urea.
He sare your front wheels rurt par
allel to each other..
It is possible for whetih out of align
ment to ermpletely grin"the tread off
a casing in the short space of 59 miles.
Always have your wheels trued" up
alter an accident, no matter how slight,
it will pay you.
Busty Rime Hard.
Rusty rims are hard on 'ires. Keep
I your rims clean.
Kusty rims should bo smoothed with
emery paper and painted w:th lirn
Japan varnish or aluminum paint, also
use grapmte to make rims operate eas
ily. Treads ure cut and p.-ematurcly worn
Automobile Trips!
Have you ever stopped lo think how yon
will carry your clothes and provisions on
- , ,7 - ' win Keen in
perishable food cool on a hot day! If not
write or Kee SMITH He Makes the
AUTOMOBILEICEBOX
Guaranteed to keep things tool.
And lie Make Anything Else oa t.'etd fot
the Trip
Smith Makes and Repairs Trunks,
Sample Cases and drips.
EDW. L. SMITH
490 Washington Street
Portland, Oregon.
Chamber of Commerce Is Against
Prohibition
SAN FRANCISCO, May 22. (Spe
cial.) The result of a referendum
vote among the members of the
San Francisco Chamber of Commerce
on the issue of statewide prohibition
has just been compiled.
In view of tho fact that California
voters are to pass ' on a prohibition
amendment to the constitution at the
next general election, it waa desired to
on one side by driving in street car
tracks.
Driving in ruts grinds the rubber off
the side, walls where it is necessarily
thin, allowing water and grit to work
into the labiic which will, soon cause
a casing te be beyond repair.
If in an emergency you must use
chains, be sure there is play enough
to allow the chains to slide around the
tires so as to equally distribute the
strain.
Wet Rubber Susceptible.
Although rubber does not cut easily
when dry it very sus,eptiMe to cuts
when wet.
Don't ignore euts. By allowing water
and grit to enter will eventually de
velop into sand blisters or mud boils
and separate the tread from the car
cass. Small cuts may be repaired with
llcal-a-Cut, but permanent ' repairs
should be made on large euts by cul-
canizing as soon as possible.'
A blow-out is frequently caused
either by a stone or other sharp object
rupturing the fabric of a casing.
Bar Flat Tires.
Don't ride borne on a flat tire. It's
expensive. If you have no spare case
and cannot make roadside repairs it is
fair better to remove the tire and pro
ceed on the bare rim. Even if the rim
is ruined, you have consolation of
knowing a new rim is far cheaper than
a new tire.
When you travel on a deflated tire
both the Casing and the tube are liter
ally chewed between the egronod and
the rim.-
Apply sensitive brakes slowly. Quick
stops grind away treaeds.
When starting, don't try to get to
full speed in a few yards. Suddeu ap
plications of power wo rt help to keep
down tiro expense.
Adjust Brakes Properly.
Seo thtat your brakes are properly
adjustedpracUcally all of the toirific
bear the strain of stopping and start
ing. When your brake, nre improperly
adjusted prartically all of the terrifir
strain of stopping comese on one wheel.
This will ruin the best Of easihgs.
As tho strain of the rear wheels
is greater than that on the front, it is
a good plan to shift your casings, for
even though the rear tires are almost
worn out they should ,ive considerable
additional miieago on the front wheels.
As tho right side of a easing is al
ways more worn than the left, due to
rubbing up against curbs, etc., it is
also wise to chango the tires on the
right wheels to tho left and vice-verva.
Always carry some patches (either
the cemented with the necessary vul
canizing cement cr the non-cement
typo for making roadside repairs, also
an inner and outer sleeve for emer-
gencica.
- Before You Buy Investigate
DAYTON MOTORCYCLES
Single and Two Speed Models, With Many
Exclusive Features.
Writ for Catalogue and Detaibt.
Bargains in Used Machines.
DAYTON CYCLE CO.
Oregon Distributors. .
210 Broadway. Portland, Oregon.
learn the sentiment in regard to such
a measure among the representative
business men who comprise the mem
bership of the Chamber. Tho result
of the vote showed an overwhelming
sentiment against prohibition. The
vote was as follows:
In favor of prohibition constitutional
amendment, 41; opposed to prohibition
constitutional amendment, 1187; majority-
against prohibitionf IMfl. On
gonian, Hay 23, 1011
(Paid Advertisement)