11
Marvels of Everyday Science
Competent Scientirts Apply Their Skill to Problems of Agriculture, Houskeeping, Schools, Business and Governmental Activ
TimrR AND FARM MAGAZTNE SECTION"
THE HAMLET OF CLAYTON, popu
lation 220, is perhaps the small
est community in Wisconsin, hav
ing an independent central station plant
generating its own electricity. The elec
tric company has an operating force of
one man, and its generating equipment
consists of a 12 hp, gas engine belted to
a 5-kw. direct-current dynamo. The
street lighting load consists of eight
incandescent lamps, and commercial
lighting is given from dusk until 11 p.
m. Tho Eailroad Commission of Wis
consin reports 140 villages in Wisconsin
with less than 1,000 population, having
electric service utilities. Of these forty
one are of less than 500 population.
The .total nnmber of electric Bervice
utilities in the state is 293. There are
seventeen gis or oil engine plants and
eighty-two plants operated either wholly
or in part by water power. No less
than seventy-eight cities and villages
are supplied from municipal plants.
New System Calls Express Wagon
Promptly.
Each tenant in a new office building
in New York is provided with a num
ber of small metal disks or checks, each
Units Used in Novel Call Bysten
for Expressmen.
bearing on the one side his room num
ber, and on the reverse, the name- of an
express company. When he desires to
have an expressman call at his. office
for a package, he deposits a check in a
special chute in the elevator wall, aid
the check drops down to the first floor,
whoro an authorized employe of the
building opens tho box, records the room
number and notifies tho proper express
man he is to call at that room. Tho
cxpressmnn takes with him tho check
as evidence of his authority to receive
tho package.
How Far a Man Can See Distinctly.
Some interesting experiments Lave
been mado in the German army with
the object of discovering at what dis
tance the recognition of one soldier by
another is reliable. For soldiers iwtli
good eyes it was found that a person
seen once before could be recognied at
a distance of 80 feet, while an acquaint
ance could be recognized at a distance
of 300 feet, and an intimate iriend or
relative, at a distance of 500 feet. The
various parts of a man's body can be
distinguished and any decided move
ment can be detected by an expert rifle
man at a distance of 300 feet. At
3.800 feet a man appears as a spot on
tho landscape and cannot usually be
seen if he keeps still or if his dress
does not contrast with tho backgr:und.
Bailors, hunters and farmers can usually
seo twice these distances, probably on
account of their constant training iu
making out the nature of distant ob
jects. Fastonur Holds Tongua of Shoe.
An invention by a Canadian is At
signed to prevent the tongue of a shoe
from slipping down out of place. The
contrivance consists of a ball and -pocket
fastener, the Viatl portion being on the
inngue and fiUiag into the socket,
which in a man's nho-j is jwrt r.f the
hook itself, whil is woman's shoe,
where tho eyelet is employed, a separate
socket is inserted.
Pan and Back for Drying Dishes.
A new device for drying dishes con
sists simply of a pan, 20 inches, square,
fitted with a removable wire rack to
hold tho dishes on edge while draining,
and to keep out of the dripping rinse
water. After tho dishss are washed
they are set on edge in the rack, scald
ing water is poured over them and they
aro allowed to dry, the idea being to
eliminate the use of the towel for dry
ing. By this method the diBhes are both
cleaned and sterilized.
Electric Berries.
The cost of lighting at the present
time averages only from 1 to 2 per cent
of the cost of living and i; one of the
smallest items on the list of regular ex
petses. If it is really advisable for a
state to into businws in order to re
duce the cost of living there are other
lines ia which even a small saving, if
accomplished, would amount to more
than the entire eort of lighting. For
instance, food amounts to 35 to 43 per
cent of tho cost of living, and a 5 per
cent reduction in this item would be
the same as tht. .furnishing of light for
nothing. Besides this, tha price of food
is steadily going nn while the price
of electric light is steadily going down,
arid that without niy gMa expense to
the state.
World's Largest Ffcler Plant.
The world's largest mechanics! filtra
tion plant is under construction at Pt.
Louis to purify the. city '3 water rnpply
from the Mississippi River. The do
sign provides for forty filter units each
one of which will be capable of .filtering
4,000,000 galbns daily. Each fil'.er box
measures 59x28 feet in pla and con
tains a 30-inch depth of fine sand and
a 12-incli depth of grave?. Be'orc en
tering the filters the water -vill pass
through scdrnentation basirs wter-s a
coagulatiug chemical will be added.
t
Bed Desk for an Invalid.
An adjustable desk or table for an
invalid or convalescent can be made as
sKi-wn in the sketch. The arrangement
of tho top may be in this or any other
manner to suit the maker. The length
of tho desk should bo tho same as the
width of the bed. Two vertical stand
ards made ef two pieces of tubing, one
telescoping in the other, are used as
the supports. Clamps are attached to
tho upper ends of the larger, or out
side tubes for use in holding the desk
at the height set. A brace, also made
of two telescoping tubes, is used at each
end to adjust tho rear part ef tho desk
to a comfortable height for the ;er.
Thumb nuts are used to clnrop tho desk
to the bed.
Concrt telegraph Poles.
Reinforced concrete telegraph poles
along the Pennsylvania Railroad in the
vicinity of the New Jersey entrance to
tho Hudson tunnels proved during the
blizzard of March 2 their superiority
over the ordinary kind of wooden poles.
So severe a load did the ice coated wires
impose upon the concrete poles that the
wooden crassarms on some of them were
broken; the concrete poles ihemselves.
how.'vcr, remained intact. Many of the
we - i i;oles, however, were entirely
demolished.
Health and Sanitation
BT A PHYSICIAN.
THOSE who have little time for ex
ercise and are compelled to live
chiefly within doors must en
deavor to obtain or should have ob
tained for them as far a3 possible by
employers by way of compensation, a
regular supply of fresh air without
draught, an atmosphere as free from
dufl and other impurities as can be
obtained, with a good supply of light
and some artificial warmth when need
ed. .
These necessities granted, creal,
foods, such a3 well made bread in va
riety and vegetable produce, including
fruits, snould form a fair portion of the
diet consumed, with tha addition of eggs
and milk if no meat is taken, except
in the form of soup, and -little other
animal food than fish, fowl and garni.
On such a dietary, and vithcut ako
holic stimulants, thousands of such
workers may enjoy, with very little- ex
ercise, far better health and more
strength thau at present thsy erpri
once on meat and heavy puddings, beer,
baker's bread and cheese.
CREOSOTE is an excellent means of
combating chronic, constipation
without exercising any purgative ac
tion, properly so called. The creo
sote should not be proscribed ii pills,
capsules, or alcoholic solution?, bai pure
and in drops. Tha effective dose is
about seven or eight drops taken twiee
daily, immediately after breakfast aud
after dinner, iu a glass of milk, beer,
wine and wbler, or purj water.
To begin with, one drip of creosote
is administered, and that amount in
creased by one drop daily until tha
uired effect is obtained. In this va
the neeesfnry dose is determined for
each case individually. Tli.s Uetuuient
has to he continued for some tim3
some months, in fact and not only
overcome) the chronic constipation, but
;xt the same time restores the app.-tilo
and bri.ces up the system,
THOUGH nnokim? cigarettes is re?.lly
h::rii:f'i! for beys, they smoke not
becaesj they vr? tasirslly bad, -l."it iu
imiutii-n cf their elderv It is the
par-juts' duty ti 'trove to the -boy that
siroi';2g n;,- prevent his becoming an
athlete urd tU'. it will affect his chest
ezpj.ision :.ud mvsealar development.
See to it that he distinguishes the res!
from tl.e choin sport and desires to
imitate the right kind of (Her fellow.
HI Y CHILDREN never carry um
" brellas, writes a friend. Instead
each enc, is provided witli a rainproof
hood, which when not needed is but
toned into an inside pocket of the over
coat.
If rain comes on the hood is button
ed on to the buttons sewed under tho
collar of the coat. When the collar is
turned up and the hood drawn over the
head the little one is as cozy as pos
sible and takes no harm from the rain.
The hood can be quickly dried after
ward. I find it a far better plan than
providing umbrellas, which are always
getting damaged.
TO PIECE of advice the physician
can give will bear more frequent
repetition than the pithy sentence,
"Breatho deeply.". It is a perfectly
simplo rule of health, yet it is constant
ly broken.
'
SPRINKLE chloride of lime, crude oil
or kerosene over contents of vaults
past when occasion induced the primal
There aro two ways to learn 'to
breathe. If our powers of self disci
pline are poor, a is the case with most
insufficient breathers, k is a good plan
to join a gymnasium or calistheuic class
and learn to use the lungs as a baby
learns to use its feet and hands. Hut
remember that lessons in breathing will
do no good if the scholar thinks ho is
absolved from his task except when he
is in the class.
A Bimple method for those wTro have
not time or opportunity to attend a
gymnasium is to turn life's daily rou
tino into a Continuous discipline in
breathing. If the poor breather takes
the trouble to watch himself carefully
he will find that when he is engaged
upon any work that calls for close at
tention ho does not even breathe as
deeply as usual; he almost invariably
holds his breath. Thus the blood cur
rent is vitiated when it ought to be
cleansed, and the worker exhausts him
self, not so much by his labors as by
his neglect. 1
Draw in deep drafts of air evory time
you take a breath, and every little while
stop ev&ything else and filLyour lungs
a few times with brwOh tit test their
capacity. You will be surprised to see
the improvement that it will make in
your general condition.
or garbage boxes. Keek garbage recep
tacles and open vaults tightly covered,
dark-and clean daily,
Sprinkle chloride of lime or liquor
cresolis eompositus over manure piles
and other refuse. Keep manuro screened
if possible. It should be removed at
least once a week, and where it cannot,
should be boxed in air-tight receptacles.
Pour kerosene into the drains.
Clean cuspidors every day. Keep a 5
per cent solution of carbolic acid in
them. Don't allow dirt to accumulate in
corners, behind doors, back of radia
tors, under stoves, etc. Allow no decay
ing matter of any sort to accumulate
on or near your premises.
WE TEACH YOU TO PLAY
Any Instrument Easily --Quickly
YOU STUDY AT HOME
Mistakes are impossible the young
est child can learn Prices are low.
Let us put tho joy of music iu your
home. Writo today now to
American School of Music
V'iftn Floor Commonwealth BIdg.
Portland. Oregon.
STATF Plora McCurdy, director; V. K. MeCurdy, Mgr.; Fiau
mi'iich; Signor A. Vicetll; Mons. Bazin.
if :;
Em-
FARMS WANTED
From 10 to 500 ncres, stato how much
under culliviition and Also what improve
ments ; full t1"vcriIiii!i and loeatiei:, tirins,
etc. I'll do tho rest; option required.
CHAS. HIRSTEL
101 Bborlock Building, Portland, Oregon.
We will be Pleased
to correspond with you in relation to
any condition pertaining to dental work.
Twenty years' practice in Oregon.
DR. M.A.JONfcS
245 Washington St., Portland, Oregon