8
HOME AND FARM MAGAZINE SECTION
Automobiles and Good Roads
A Department Designed to Help Farmers With Progressive Road Ideas.
TO construct highways eorrectly prop
er excavation should first be made
and the subbase thoroughly well
rolled with a roller of at least ten tons
in weight This should be done no mat
ter what kind of base material is used.
However, in the construction of a slag
road, in order to obtain the very best
results, it is necessary that the loose
slag be spread on the Bubbase to a
proper depth and then thoroughly rolled
from time to time as the work pro
gresses. During such procedure it is recom
mended that the road be kept well wet
with water, if water is available, and
in finishing it is only necessary to put
on top of the slag base about two inches
of slag screenings, which contain dust
and slag particles as large as one-fourth
of an inch, which, like all cement, is in
ert in the dry state.
Eoad Steadily Improves.
This likewise should be theroughly
wet and well rolled. In fact, the top
should never be put on except with
plenty of water and thoroughly rolled.
This is necessary because of the natural
cementing qualities of slag, and in order
to get it properly bound this material
must be rolled to eliminate as many
voids as possible.
A slag road built under these specifi
cations, instead of deteriorating, as is
too often the case with most other road
metals, will gradually improve until
the entire roadbed becomes a solid
mass, thereby giving practically 8 con
crete road.
It is sad indeed to watch road forces
at work, not only along country high
ways, but more especially in the cities,
where there are macadamized roads,
for the waste of time and material is
something appalling.
Slag Natural Cement.
Streets are repaired merely by throw
ing loose slag or some other material
into the ruts and, instead of finishing
the job by rolling and compacting the
material, making it more or less per
manent, the loose material is allowed
to remain, and vehicles passing over
it, instead of compacting the filling
will cause the parties to grind into
dust, which will be carried off either
by the wind or by rapidly moving au
tomobiles, leaving the street in as bad
condition as before it was repaired.
Slag is the, one material that not only
is cheaper as a rule than all other road
bases, but it is available in large quan
tities and at all times, regardless of
the weather. The rainy season has no
effect on the shipment of slag, as is the
ease in the rock quarries and grave pits,
and by reason of the fact that it is
usually loaded at points where a num
ber of railroads center cars are availa
ble when such is not the case at quar
ries and gravel pits located exclusively
on one line.
Advantages Are Told.
The advantages to be derived from
the use of slag in building highways
may be analyzed as follows:
It is a natural cement rock.
It will cement together if properly
compressed by wetting and rolling.
It is, as a rule, vastly cheaper than
any other road material.
It is available in large quantities and
at all times, regardless of weather con
ditions. It is an impervious material.
It is considerably lighter in weight
than stone or gravel, consequently a
great saving in freight is effected where
distances are equal.
Inland Empire Crop Prospects.
On the basis of a canvass just com
pleted by the International Harvester
Company on the prospective wheat and
cereal crops, figures of which have been
submitted to the Spokane Chamber of
Commerce, the increased yield this year
in the Inland Empire will total between
eight and ten million bushels more than
the bumper crop of 1913. The added
income of the Inland Empire farmers
this year will be close to $15,000,000,
and this amount will not be additional
erop altogether, but also returns from
higher prices, which are inevitable, says
the report.
Farmer Must Be Own Garage Man
From Location of His Home, Country Owner of Machine Must
Attend to Duties Himself Which Promotes Economy
and Better Knowledge.
By DENNIS H. STOVALL.
AS THE farmer must shelter and
care for his own machine, and has
not the opportunity to run into a
garage for gasoline, lubricating oil or
other supplies every time he gets ready
for a drive, it is necessary for him to
be his own garage man. Such provision,
it must be said, proves to be an item of
economy rather than undue expense. Al
so, it necessarily leads to a closer con
tact with the motor and all working
parts of the car. This, in turn, brings
a greater degree of pleasure in its opera
tion. The farmer is obliged to get his gaso
line by the barrel, so he has a storage
tank near his garage, and in such a
place as to be conveniently reached.
Thus he never leaves home without a
plentiful supply of fuel. It is very, very
seldom that a farmer 's car is stalled by
the wayside for lack of gasoline. He
likewise keeps a plentiful supply of lub
ricating oil and grease on hand. So his
motor never lacks for lubricant, and all
working parts remain in perfect tune.
Gasoline Bought In Quantity.
Buying gasoline in quantity works a
considerable saving within a year. Oil,
even of the best, can be purchased at
a much lower price when secured in
barrel or half barrel lots. So the method
that is adapted as a necessity becomes
the very best that could be devised.
$ MIRED I $
s $
5 By George F. Paul. $
S The shades of night were falling fast $
When through a country village passed &
A youth, who bore through slush and
$ slop j
A carpet sweeper and a mop.
Excelsior I $
j
$ The shades of night fell like a tog, $
3 They roused the cricket and the dog
He floundered through the rust ao
v deep, Q
i And as he stopped he swore a heap. 4
s$ Excelsior I o
3
He lived but seven miles from town, $
s Just where the Hollow road slopes $
down, j
J Yet when at last he reached the place S
Long whiskers covered all his face.
' Excelsior 1 $
8
i N more he ventures in to town $
To act the mud bespattered clown.
$ He's sitting there; he waits and waits $
s Till mud dries on the pearly gates.
$ Excelsiorl
A New Bo ad Material.
A new road material designed to
stand hard usage from automobiles is
being tried by a Swiss engineer, W.
Erlich, and is said to consist of a mix
ture of broken stone about the size of a
hazelnut, but not limestone, with a bind
ing material whose composition is not
divulged by the inventor. In the pres
ent process the stone is heated at first
from 100 to 150 degrees C. and mixed
at this temperature with the melted
composition. When in use-the mass is
remelted in order to put it on the road.
A road roller heated to a rather high
point is passed over the surface, the
roller weighing about six tons. Re
ports state that a very good road suf
face can be obtained in this way.
To Sell Own Produce.
At a meeting held by committees of
local fruit growers and grocerymen it
was decided to institute a farmers' com
mission house in Centralia, Wash., this
season. A good man will be placed in
charge of the house, and another put
on the road. The farmers will deliver
all of their produce at the commission
house, and what is not Bold to local and
outside dealers will be put through the
cannery, thus insuring no over-production.
At the meeting the grocers pledged
to buy home-gTown produce entirely.
And, as the farmer's motor never lacks
oil, it gives a long season of service
with no repairs.
The same precaution must be followed
in providing a supply of innertubes,
patches, cement, cases and tire equip
ment. There is also found a small ma
chine shop or at least a bench with all
needed tools for doing lighter repairs on
the machine. To accommodate all these
features, the farm garage is usually
built large enough both to shelter the
car and allow ample space for the oil
reservoir and tool kit The gasoline
tank is buried underground nearby, with
a pipe and pump connection inside the
building, convenient to the supply tank
of the car,
Care of Auto Beal Pleasure.
On our own country place we have
learned that the closer we can keep to
our machine in the matter of its opera
tion and care, the more positive is the
enjoyment we derive from its use. Even
though we are obliged to move to town,
we should continue to do our own work,
simply because we have grown into the
habit, 'and not because of any griev
ance against the garage man, for the
latter, after all, in time of need, is truly
as much the farmer's friend as of any
owner of an automobile. But we have
learned by experience that to care for
our own machine adds at least 100 per
cent to the pleasure of operating it
Some Good Advice
To Auto Owners
DON'T coast downhill.
Don't go down a long steep
grade faster than 15 miles an hour.
Shut off your spark on descending
a grade, with your clutch engaged in
high, intermediate or low, according to
steepness, and use your foot brake only
when necessary. This not only cools
the motor but saves your brakes.
Don't be in a hurry on mountain
grades and don't be afraid to make a
noise so that others may know you
are coming.
When rounding curves sound your
horn.
You cannot make a sharp curve Bafe
ly if going over 15 miles an hour.
Make it a rule to take no curves at
at a speed of over 20 miles n hour.
On mountain grades don't put too
much trust on the outside bank, espe
cially if your car is a heavy one.
If you have to cool your radiator on
a long hill and you have the water to
do it with, make a good job of it. Let'
the radiator drain while you pour in
cold water until the motor is cool. If
you have no water, a quart or two of
fresh oil in the crank case will help
out.
Song of the Lazy Fanner.
My neighbor's got some formalin, to
soak his oats and barley in; he says the
seed is full of smut, that's been there
since the crop was cut Then when he
plants it in the field, the smut germs
grow and hurt the yield; Instead of get
ting lots of grain, he'd harvest heads
of smut again. He says to kill these
germs of his, hell soak 'em up and
let 'em fizz; so all his grain is in a pile,
and wetted down to soak awhile.
I'll let my neighbor toil and soak. I
think this thing is all a joke. I b 'lieve
in tater bugs and worms, but don't go
much on these here germs. When neigh
bor sows alfalfa seed, he doesn 't soak it,
no indeed; before he plants the crop he
puts a lot of germs upon the roots. Now
I would like to have him tell, why ain 't
germs good on oats as wsllt This whole
germ business sounds so queer, that I
don't want ' mover here; if he don't
keep his germs to hum, I'll set the dog
on them, by gum I
We Make Large
Loans Upon
Improved City
and Farm
Properties
IN WASHINGTON
AND OREGON
Making the Mortgage to secure
a number of Notes or Bonds
of $100, $500 and $1,000 each.
The form of the bond and
mortgage is, so far as possible,
identical with the small loan
where the note and mortgage
are assigned to the purchaser.
We have at present several
very attractive issues of such
bonds, maturing from 1 to 10
years, netting 7 per cent. Let
us tell you about them.
Jacob Furth John Davis
r. K. Struve J. B. Patrick
V. D. Miller
DAVIS & STRUVE
BOND CO.
INVESTMENT BROKERS
807 Second Avenue Seattle
Want A Position
Being ready when the oppor
tunity comes is what counts for
success. There is a big demand
for BEHNKE-WALKEB trained
bookkeepers, stenographers and
telegraphers.
Eight hundrod and forty-one
different firms called on us for
help since August 1st. There is
no quicker, surer way to secure
remunerative employment and
future success thau to secure our
diploma.
BUSINESS COLLEGE
I. M. Walker, Pres. Portland, Ore.
RAT SWAT
The New Eodent Exterminator
BATS AND SQUIRRELS
00 IN A SINGLE NIGHT
If Your Dealer Does Not Have It,
Write Us.
AMERICAN DISTRIBUTING CO.,
1004 Broadway Bldg., Portland, Oregon.
U. S. and Foreign Patents
Obtained.
Send Sketch and Description for Opinion
as to Patentability.
PETER HABEBUN,
200 Victor Bldg., Washington, D. O.
A SNAP
A first class steam laundry. Fully equipped.
Laundry buildings and residence; wagon;
teams. Earning 8700 per week. Splendid
town. 14,000; easy terms.
PEOPLES REALTY CO.,
14 N. 6 th St., Portland, Oregon.
WOULD YOU LIKE AN INCOME OP
$2,600 A YEAB?
If bo, and you have $1,000 to Inveit In a
good, legitimate buiineas that will stand the
strictest investigation, writ to ma
JOHN SPBIN08, 312 Henry Bldg.
312 Henry Bldg., Portland, Oregon.