PAGE TWO THE HEPPNER HERALD,, HEPPNER, OREGON Tuesday, June 19, 1923 THE HEPPNER HERALD S. A. PATTISON, Editor and Publisher Entered at the Heppner, Oregon, PoBtofflce as second-class Matter SOIL THE SOURCE OF WEALTH Professor Powell of Oregon Agricultural cpllege does not overestimate the relation of the value of the soil to the total agricultural wealth of the state when he puts it at two-thirds of the whole. It is impracticable to set a money value on an indespensable factor. Without soil the farm would be worth nothing at all and mankind would perish. Undoubtedly, as Professor Powers reminds us, it is "too valuable to waste." The wise farmer "farms for the soil and not for the crop alone." The reminder would be trite if it were not true that the methods of the miner rather than those of the farmer still persist in many quarters. A part of what the farm gained by the nearly universal use of the automobile and larger employment of the tractor was lost by reduction of the number of horses and this has been intensified where spec ialized fanning has excluded livestock from its scheme. More attention will be required than formerly to the ex act requirements of soil, inolving systematic rotation of crops, use of green fertilizers and of chemicals in such quantities as shall yield maximum results without being productive of pecunary waste. As a matter of fact the day of haphazard agriculture has probably passed, never to return. It has passed through two periods within a little more than a generation. Th first, in which land was exhausted because it was cheap was iollovved by over-confidence in chemicals as a restora tive panacea. 1 he latter, without precise scientific knowl edge, added unduly to costs, but operated in another way to discourage good tanning by removing incentive to ro talion and tillage which would have accomplished better results in most instances without corresponding inroads 011 profits. vSoil maintenance, a problem with which our forefathers were only incidentally concerned, will not bi accomplished economically by guesswork, or by empirica jnetiiods. it is a matter ol prolottnd interest not only to producer but to consumer, who has the right to expect that the cost ol his living will be based on methods ant processes in keeping with the developments of a modern age. The increasing number of farmers who are reported to lie visiting the experiment station, larger enrollment in 1he agricultural colleges and deeper interest in the sum mer session are cumulative evidence that the lesson is be ing brought home. Development at Corvallis of a new velch regarded as especially promising as a soiling croi on land lacking in nitrogen and humus and too cold or wet for other vetches is but an illustration of what is be ing done to promote soil conservation in the manner that is likely to be the widespread practive of the near future Neither the neglect of the old days nor the lavish, costly and unintelligent use of chemicals of more recent years will be tolerated very long. Uregoman. I I ANTMCAN TOIACCO Ctt ' U - jfj NOTSO.V CHOSK.V DIIUX'TOU CKAttFOKO MADE CLERK EXPERIENCE COUNTS IN ROAD BUILDING TU l 4- 1 .1 . e 1 . rr- , , mi- ui,u,iuu .mu uc-ii.suy 01 roau irariic nave been changing so rapidly that experts are yet unable to speak authoritatively as to the best methods and types of road construction, according to Henry C. Wallace, secretary of agriculture, in an address before the American Automo bile association. Western states have spent many millions of dollars in the past five years hard-surfacing their highways. A cement pavement that would have stpod for a thousand years under foot traffic or the pneumatic tires of automo biles not heavy enough to jar the road, has been found to crystalize and go to pieces under the constant impact o! heavy, rapidly moving vehicles. The old steel tire was satisfactory 011 wagons and bug gies until the adent of the motor car. The greater speed ol latter would snotin wreck a vehicle whose wheels were not pmleetcd by a cushion of rubber. And in turn the jar and pound of the modern motor truck, passenger bus and heavier pleasure ear will wreck the non-elastic, non-shock-Mahsorhing, rigid types of pavement. It is for this reason that city si reels have for many years been covered with a carpel ol asphalt, if the road base itself is not of the as phallic concrete type. On this account, also, western states are resurfacing stiles and miles of their concrete highways with a shock-absorbing layer of asphaltic con crete. In this manner the original road investment of the taxpayers is conserved and the life of the road base pro longed for indefinite period. Secretary Wallace is right in saying that conditions arc changing so rapidly that it is difficult to speak authorita tively on best types of road construction. The experience of the west, however, has furnished conclusive proof that shock-absorbing pavements, traffic impact and the tax payers' pocket book are closely associated in any scheme of ryad construction that is undertaken. . RADIO IMPROVES RIVER SERVICE The rapid development of radio and its use in commer cial life are illustrated in its application to the operation of steamboats on the Mississippi river from St. Louis to icw Orleans 1,100 miles. One of the great objections to river traffic in the past was its isolation. Today all of the towhoats and self-propelled barge units used on short auxiliary runs as feeders are equipped with wireless. The report their positions several tunes a day and their movements are watched as closely as at e train movements in a dispatcher's office. Radio is revolutionizing Mississippi river shipping and. speeding up the arrival and departure of freight through putting the shipper and the boat companies in close touch with each other, thus olniating delays in loading and un loading freight or in waiting on the arrival or departure of boats. out or an estimated 500 legal voters in Heppner school district 34 men and women took part in the an nual school eleitlon yesterday when on director and a clerk were to be elected. S. E. Notson was elected director by a practically unanimous vote and Vawter Crawford was re tained as clerk by about the same neavy majority. Both gentlemen wero without opposition, there being only one candidate placed in nomi nation lor each place. S treet rumor was rife during the past few days that several candidates were being groomed for the race but like many street rumors the stories proved groundless but tho result was p. better attended school meeting than Heppner has had in severa" years. W. P. Mahoney, chairman of the present hoard, was unable to be pres ent, being called out of town on bus iness and c. E. Woodson presided at the meeting. Mr. Mahoney had pre viously announced that he would not be a candidate for the position this year on account of the pressure of other business. The clerk's report, as submitted to the meeting, (unbodied the follow ing facts briefly summarized: There are 4 55 persons between the ages of four and twenty in the dis trict, of which 216 are males and 23 9 are females. There wero J 5 teachers employed during tlie year of which 3 were males and 12 were females. Estimated number of legal voters 00. The financial statement shows that at time of making last report, June 19, 1922, there wasTcashon hand to the amount of ilia7ii During the year there was received from district tax $23098.05; from county school fund $2610.69; from state school fund $650.05; from ele mentary school fund $3812.90; from tuition from outside pupils $3857.03 nd from other sources $83.34. Expenditures were as follows: Salaries (including superintend ent, principal, teachers and janitor), 1,8211.75. Supplies (including supplies used in instruction, fuel, light and power, i ml janitor's supplies), 2834.23. Census and elections, $85.20. Repairs, improvements anr re placements, $716.33. Library book3. $193. 61; insurance, $115.00: tnter- st, $3447.60. and for miscellaneous purposes, $181.04, making a total of $29393.64. Bonded indebtedness amounts to $ ISOtMl.lli) and other indebted nen.;.. $9,500.00, tint of tlie latter Item $5HOO.OO has been paid since tlie re port was made up. Value ot real property (estimated) $53,000.00; furniture and apparatus, $7500.00. Amount of insurance carried, $29,500.00; average month- salary of male teachers, $221.60; of remain teachers, $131.30. I'OOU TIME TO AKCiVK If tlie pursuers of tho sugar ban dits stop to arguo about the tariff, the thieves will get away. The pres- nt tariff on sugar, which Is Hi cent to l1 cents greater than the Under wood tariff, has no more to do with the sugar raid than It has to do with the price of bananas. Under the former tariff this coun try saw the greatest profiteering in sugar the. world has ever known; suj;ar sold in some localities as high as 3 5 cents a pound. There was no more excuse for that than there is for the present price. In Canada, which has no Fordnoy MeCumher tariff, sugar is wholesal ing at 10 and 11 cents a pound, the Liverpool market cane sugar is quoted at 12 cents a pound, and in London, t;.59 oenu. It is the sugar gamblers that are doing the dirty work, not the tariff, which is merely high enough to save our domestic beet sugar Industry from destruction by foreign compe tition 1 which prices go below cost of production in this nation. Manufacturer. c A VICTORY FOR AMERICAN MOTORISTS The Crude Rubber Monopoly weakened when It came into contact with aroused public senti ment. The press of the country today reflects the determination of the American motorist that tire prices shall stay at a reasonable level - and that America must produce Its own rubber. CUTS TIRE PRICES 10 EFFECTIVE JUNE We announce a 10 reduction In tires and tubes effective June 11. The lowered cost of crude rubber and the special Firestone manu facturing and distribution advantages make this possible. Firestone factories are organized on a basis of large volume and effective production. Costs are down but quality is at its . peak. Stockholder workmen are daily building many thousand of Gum-Dipped Cords the best tire Firestone ever produced and, we believe, the leader on the market today. Firestone Cords took the first four places and eight of the ten money positions in the Indianapolis sweepstakes, Way 30, without a single tire failure. Get a ir of than Gum-Dtppiil Cords Firestone Gura-Dtprpod Cords have Bet new standards in mileage, traction, comfort and 6afety. Car owners have expressed their ap proval of the extra value in Firestone Gum Dipped Cords by increasing their purchases 1947o in the past six months. We have replaced many expensive branches with warehouses. We now have 108 distrib uting points which are delivering Firestone tires to the consumer at the lowest cost in our history. Follow the tide of economical tire buying equip with Firestone Gum-Dipped Cords and learn what Most Miles per Dollar means te you today. from on of the following Dealertt I. R. ROBISON, lone, Oregon LEACH BROS., Lexington, Oregon Most Miles per Dollar ESSE liii : Economy the Spirit of the Times DID YOU EVER STOP TO THINK WHAT YOU PAY FOR FANCY CONTAINERS? COFFEE IS A GOOD ILLUSTRATION OF THE FACT. YOU PAY FROM 7c to 8c PER POUND FOR THE LITHOGRAPHED CANS WE CARRY A LINE OF BULK COFFEES AT 331c - 35c - 40c B H PER POUND helps Grocery Company :l I 1 V 1