"PAGE TWO
THE HEPPNER HERALD, HEPPNER, OREGON
Tuesday, February 27, 1913
THE HEPPNER HERALD
AN INDEPENDENT NEWSPAPER
S. A. PATTISON, Editor and Publisher
Entered at the Heppner, Oregon, Postoffice as second-class Matter
Terms of Subscription
One Year $2.00
Six Months $i-00
Three Months $0.50
A BUSINESS LESSON FOR FARMERS
Course, of the wheat market, considered in conjunction
with the effect of the tariff, provides education for farmers
as well as manv others who are sincerely interested in their
prosperity. The Oregonian has said that the duty on
wheat could not do the farmer any good; events have
proved that it actually injures him. The price of goodmill
ing wheat at the end of 1922 was not substantially higher
than at the end ot 1920, alter cleiiation naa none its on,
and certain facts indicate that, but for the tariff, it would
have been much higher.
As frequently pointed out, the price of the entire Amer
ican crop is regulated by the price paid in foreign markets
for that part which is exported. In those markets Amer
ican wheat is sold in competition with that of Australia,
Canada, Argentina and India, and is also regulated by the
ratio of Europe's own crops to that continent's demand.
Our exports normally total about 200,000,000 bushels a
year, but if wle attempt to get more than the world price,
wheat from other countries will take its place and a large
part of this quantity will be left on our hands. If we try
to maintain the price by reducing production, other coun
tries may increase their acreage and may harvest a bumper
crop, with the result that no higher price will be obtained
and that our farmers will simply have handed over part of
their business to their competitors. So long as we main
tain a tariff wall to shut out Canadian wheat, we simply
increase the amount that Canada exports to Europe.!
ihere it depresses the price, not only for our exports but
for our domestic sales.
Writing for the New York Outlook, If. A. Bellows
shows that the tariff actually injures the American farmer.
t has caused prices in the United1 States "to remain a little
higher than in Canada; not enough to do the farmers any
real good in the face of a declining world price, but just
enough to make foreign trade in wheat and in its principal
product, flour, exceedingly difficult." He says that Amer
ican flour exports have decreased from. 2(1,449,5X1 barrals
in 191910 15,024,62s barrels in 1922, while those of Canada
increased from 4,729,(100 barrels in 1920 to 9,4X5,000 bar
rels in 1922. American wheat exports in 1922 were only
00 per cent of those in 1921, but those of Canada have in
creased 20 per cent since the emergency tariff became ef
fective. The decrease in flour exports deprived our far
mers of a foreign market for 50,000,000 bushels of wheat.
It also deprived them of 370,000 tons, of bran and shorts as
stock feed, which is one reason wjhy they are paying as
much for bran as they paid in Juhe, 1919, when they re
ceived more than double the present price for wheat.
The moral of this is not hard to read. The question of
finding a market for wheat at a profitable price is a matter
of business in which farmers should be guided by economic
conditions, not a matter of politics. Farmers can solve
their problems by taking the advice of business men, who
base their conclusions on business conditions, not of poli
ticians, who are often ignorant of those conditions. 15 y
organizing lor co-operation of their crops, they can hire
the services of business men who will be competent and
whose interest will be to advise them soundly on what
would then be big business. They would eliminate as
many ot the middlemen as are unnecessary to the economi
cal conduct of their business, and they could convert those
who were necessary into their agents.
l!y controlling the marketing of theicrops and by spread
ing the operation through the year, managers of co opera
tive associations and the middlemen who remained as per
forming a u.seiul function would eliminate a large part of
the speculative risk, which middlemen, as outright buv
t rs, now take. Thai risk, which arises largely from the
!ituorganied state of the producers, causes the dealer to
seek a large profit when he can get it in order to offset the
loss that he often suffers. Well organized co-operative
marketing would relieve the middleman of this risk, would
make his income safe by giving him a fixed commission,
would cut out much of the spread and would put it inthe
larmer's pocket.
Politicians will not do this sort of service for the farmer,
in the first place because they do not know how
and in the second place because that is not their
game. To provide an occupation for themselves, they
have to persuhde farmers that congress and government
bureaus can cure all their ills, though both congress and
the bureaus are mainly composed of just such men as
themselves. Experience has proven that the government
is the most incompetent manager possible of its ow'n or
anybody's business. Proper management of the farmers'
business requires employment of big business men at good
salaries and with discretion to act subject to the general
pohc laid dow n y a board of directors. The i;o eminent
does not pay enough to get such men and when il gets
them, il doe-. n,.t iher.i authority or ht them alone to
get n .-uhs am! it ,!oes r.ot keep t hem long enomji.
What the fanner wants most ft'oin congress is that it
shall remove the legal ohMruelions to his managing ids
own business and that it shall give him the machinery to
manage it to his hest advantage. Much of this has been
done by the farm loan law, the law authorising co-operative
associations and by representation of agriculture on
ihe federal reserve board. Much more will be done by the
Capper farm credit law, now sure ot" passage. The farmer
would benefit, together w'ith all other industries, by reduc
ed railroad rates and by a wise shippng law, but schemes
for government marketing or price-fixing would merely
take his business out of his hands, or the hands of those
whom he would hire and put them in the hands of politi
cians who are incompetent to run anybody's business.
Oregonian.
Ed Houston's smiling countenance
has again appeared behind the coun
ter at the Phelps Grocery Co. Ed
smiles for two reasons because he
likes to work rnd because he does
not like lumbago.
Many citizens had hfen receiving
visits from the Cough, Cold and
Grippe families lately tiid there are
enough frogs in the collective Hepp
ner throat to start h sizable French
restaurant.
J. 0. Turner has gone to KiUville,
Washington, where he will enrage in
the sale of the Calkins seed -wheat
smut machine which Mr. Calkins i;;
having manufacture'! at Spokane.
Frank Turner also expert.-; to engage
in the same business a Utile later
NOTICE OF FINAL,
ACC'Ol.VTIXO
Notice is hereby given that the
undersigned has filed with the
County Court of Morrow County.
Oregon, her final account and report
as executrix of the last will and
testament of John B. Natter, de
ceased, and that the Court has fixed
Thursday, March 29, 1923, as the
time, and the County Court room in
the court house in Heppner, Oregon,
as the place for hearing said account
and all objections thereto, and for
the settlement of said estate.
Dated and published the first time,
this 27th day of Febrhary, 1923.
ANNA NATTER,
44-4 8 Executrix.
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HEPPNER, OREGON
DICK ROBNETT
PRACTICAL HORESSHOER
At CALMUS' SHOP
Special attention given to lame and
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LOOK OVER
our line of Fine Candies and Cigars.
Something to please every member of
the family. Our line of light lunches
and hot drinks are just the thing these
cold days.
McAtee & Aiken
NEW GOODS
are constantly arriving
at
CASH VARIETY STORE
Big Values for Little Money
f ssr f". r mi in. .
a, U Eg 'Win
h1iirsr. S3 HE;
Systematic Saving
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One dollar will start a savings ac
count with us. Add to your savings
regularly. We are as eager to see
your savings grow as you are.
Put system into your saving. Every
dollar you save aud'deposit with us
earns you four per cent interest.
Many persons keep an account with
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First National Bank
Heppner Ore.
Kirk Bus & Transfer Co
We Thank you for past patronage and solicit a
continuance of the same. Our be&st service or
you. Leave orders at Case Furniture Co or
Phone Main 664
COUNTRY TRIPS & gg