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THE ETHICS OF NURSING,
Bugffeitlotii About the Sickroom That
Hhoulil lie OlMervo. lit Any Coat.
First and foremost It 1b necessary to
nrry out to the letter every direction of
the doctor, especially in regard to medi
cine and diet. Strict obedienw to biB or
ders and their careful following out will
insure to the patient the beat ram Its from
his skill. A large, sunny room, If possible,
should be selected for the invalid. The
room should be kept thoroughly ventilated
and at a temperature not lower than 68
degs. or higher than 70 clegs. Keep the
air the patiwit breathes as pure as the ex
ternal air without chilling him.
Keep the upper sash of the window low
ered a few Inches, avoiding, of course, a
draft. Let the patient be well covered
and air may lie freely admitted without
the least danger, Fur more persons are
killed by the want tbaa by an excess of
fresh air.
In giving a person in bed a sponge bath,
either for cleanliness or to lower the tem
perature in fever, be sure not to uncover
too large a surface at once. Pin a soft
shawl, warm, but not too heavy, around
the shoulders, fastoniug it at the back and
remove the nightdress under that. Put
the hand under the shawl and sponge the
skin, a little at a time, being very careful
not to have the sponge too wet, and dry
with a towel. Proceed this way until the
whole body is bathed.
The teeth should be washed with a small
piece of clean rag dipped in fresh cool
water.
A wonmn'R hair should be combed every
day if she can Htand it without too much
fatigue. If allowed to go from day to day
it becomes so matted that it is almost im
possible to dlHentunglu it. Braided in two
braids it is far mure comfortable than when
arranged in one, for each braid can lie
drawn well to one hide, avoiding the bard
ridge one braid sometimes makes, and
which becomes very tiresome to lie upon.
If, unfortunately, the hair becomes tan
gled, a little sweet oil will loosen it and
render it more cosily combed. Use a coarse
comb, combfng gently downward from a
point near the ends of the hair and gradu
ally approaching the head at each move
ment. This will remove all the loose hairs
without needless pulling.
Be particularly neat and precise regard
ing the cleanliness of the sickroom. Do
not, however, make the mistake of using a
feather duster, as this only transfer! the
dust from oue place to another instead of
removing It entirely. The furniture and
woodwork should be wiped with a damp
cloth. If there is a carpet In the room
brush it lightly each day with a broom
lightly wetted to keep the dust from ris
ing In the air.
Should the patient be allowed to eat
fruit, a few grapes or an orange peeled and
divided may be kept on a plate over a bowl
of ice. The coolness thuB obtained causes
the (rult to be much more grateful to the
palate. To obtain cracked ice without un
necessary poundiug and In the presence of
the Invalid, wrap a small lump in a folded
towel and use a long stout pin to break off
nie pieces. If the point is pressed firmly
near the edgo of the block fragment aaa
be easily separated.
In preparing a meal for any one whose
appetite is delicate care should be taken to
make it look as enticing as possible. The
tray should bedecked out in its snowiest,
daintiest cover. The glass, silver and
china should absolutely shine, while the
repast itself should consist of a few choice
bits; not a large portion of each viand, but
each delicately and temptingly served.
There is nothing that so quickly dis
gusts a feeble appetite as a quantity of
food presented at oue time.
Above all, do not worry the patient re
garding what he shall out or drink. Pre
pare something he is known to like and of
which the doctor approves without any
previous comment. It is your duty to
think for your charge. Anticipate his
wants before he has had time to express
them.
Do not fidget him with questions regard
ing whether he is too hot or too cold,
whether he prefers beef tea or chicken
broth for his luncheon. Philadelphia
Times,
How to Help the Doctor,
A well known doctor once complained to
the writer that he had the greatest trouble
when treating sick children in getting any
lucid and helpful resume of their symp
toms from day to day from the mother.
"Here is a case in point," said he. "A few
days ago a young mother came to me about
her little boy, who hud what sho called a
'pathetic little cough,' Now pathos in a
cough is a symptom of which pathology
takes no note. So I asked more detluite
reticulars. 'What kind of a cough is it?'
asked again.
" 'Oh, such a pathetlo cough,' she an
swered. 'But 1b It a loose cough, or a
wheezing cough, or a tight cough, or a
bark cough V I persisted.
" Tra sure I don't know,' she said, sadly
pUBKled, 'but It is a sad little cough.' And
that is a fair sample of the way a great
many physicians flud themselves puarled
about babies. The mothers or nurses
eera to have so little skill in interpreting
their symptoms,"
Women and mothers, this thing ought
not to be. A young mother with a first
baby may find herself a little puzzled for
the first few weeks to recognize the most
striking symptoms In a baby's Illness, but
she ought soon to be able to make a very
intelligent diagnosis of ordinary ills. She
ought to be able to tell whether the baby
Is In acute pain or not, and In most oases
where the pain is located; whether his cry
She ought to be able to take his tempera
ture and his pulse beats as accurately as a
pnysioian, to uisonnunate nis eougns tutu
his war of breathing. The condition of his
bowels should be significant to her also.
ters that come with a little attention in
washing and a little knowledge in Inter
1 1 reunion and brains. St. Louis Globe
Detuocrat, n
Hie Mothers of Strong Men.
Dr. 6. Weir Mitchell, one o:' the highest
authorities in the world on nervous dis
eases and a profound studc... of life, re
gards women as the physic. I trustees of
the race, and says that cultivation of the
brain at the expense of the body is an ines
timable evil to future generations. "No-!
ture has her seasons of rest and her seasons
of productiveness," the famous physician
once said. ".The soil after harvest lies fal-1
low for a year or two or It loses its rich
ness.' You uever knew a great man a
man of powerful brain and masterful
energy, I mean bom of a weak woman.
Superiority and strength of mind in men
come almost Invariably from the mother.
The father may transmit traits as he often
transmits weaknesses, but the mind of the
male child almost always derives its real
force from the mother. If she have a strong
character, sterling virtues and has lived a
simple, healthy life, her son will reap the
richer harvest of vital and mental strength,
because neither has been exhausted by the
mother. The father's character Is apt to
reappear in the daughters."
The view is one of such Interest and Im
portance that every one will find something
In his or her own experience and observa
tion that will bear upon It. The thought
back of it is that women should be edu
cated and their minds cultivated, but
neither overeducated, as at some female
colleges, nor overcultivated or overstrained
by work or society; that their lives should
be so ordered that a surplus of mental and
physical strength should be stored as the
ground derives frultfulness and Htorea fu
ture wealth by lying fallow and producing
nothing for a time. New York Press.
Working Women and Their Place Today.
The proportion of women whose daily lot
is hard labor of some kind or other is not
greater now than it has been in other pe
riods. On the contrary, it is probably
smaller. But at no former time has the
wage earning woman been so distinct a so
cial and economic factor. Woman's work
was formerly hedged in very closely by do
mestic conditions, Her life was a part ol
the life of some family, and as an unat
tached industrial unit she was practically
nonexistent.
Newer conditions have obviously changed
all this, and every city lias its army ol
young working women seeking an inde
pendent livelihood, Just as It has Itslargei
army of young meu. The army of young
workingmen in great towns young men
wholly unattached and fighting the battle
of life upon their individual resources-
has not been very long recognized hs a dis
tinct social element, and one for which pe
culiar povision should 1 made. But it
recognition has been more general, and
there has been better provision made foi
it than for the other army of young work
ing women.
Yet the position of the young woman is
much the mure difficult. The kiuds of
work open to women are -not half so nu
merous as those that young men can enter.
And women's wages average little more
than half as much as their brothers. The
practical difficulties in the way of procur
ing employment are especially great foi
young women, and conventional obstacle
lie everywhere. The rights, the needB, the
wants of working girls cull for ogitutioL
and for organized action. And in many
ways the movement has begun. Albert
Shaw in Scri oner's.
How to Cure a Nervous Headache,
Vou know that means a nervous head
ache and a night of agony unless some
thing is done quickly.
Try this: Slip off your bodice and bare
your neck. Twist your hair into a loose
knot on the top of your head. Then take
a sponge and a basin of hot water just as
hot as you can bear it.
Pass the hot wet sponge slowly and
steadily over the face and forehead foi
eight or ten minutes, keeping the sponge
as hot as it can be borne. By that time
your face will look and feel as if it were
parboiled. But don't worry.
Then bathe the back of the neck as yon
have done the face, carrying the sponge
each time well up the back of the head.
Keep this up for the same length ot
time; then, without looking at yourself in
the glass, bocause that would be sure to
disquiet you, dry your face and neck softlj
and go and lie down flat on your back.
Close your eyes and think of just this
one thing, How heavy you are on the
couch and how easily It supports you.
That 4s really an important part of the
cure.
Lie there for half an hour, if you don't
fall asleep, as you probably will. Then
get up and take the deferred look in the
glass.
The tired look has gone; tne muscles
have regained their tone; the wrinkles
have disappeared, xou look like your
younger sister. Best of all the darting
pain in the head and the pessimism of the
soul have gone too, Boston ileraio.
What Next In Woman's Sooletlei?
Woman's societies will reach their high
est goal when the prefatory "woman's" ii
discarded. Exolusive organization on the
part of one Bex has reached the extreme
where the upward turn now leads back, on
the line of male inclusions meaning sim
ply the union of husbands and wives in
the common cause of benetiting numanity.
Doubtless thousands of busy men today,
anathetio regarding general human wel
fare, would bound to their place at the
wheel if appealed to by wives converted to
the new mission and needing brawny aid.
The best way to disarm an opponent is to
throw the oause on his hands, appealing
for his Bupnort.
Let such titles as "Woman's Suffrage
association" give place to the "United So
cieties for Woman's Jf ranohise."
There is no fear but that the modest
source from which all these benefactions
have sprung will be ever and gratefully
remembered. !
But in the full realization of social
forma accomplished only by the additiot.
of man's effective power, women working
for that end can well afford to relinquish
the Initiatory which at most oan no more
than propose a higher mission for them
and a new progress for au. Margaret w.
Nobis In Chautauquan,
"Fluffy" Girl and Their War.
A young man, speaking of a girl to a
matron of his acquaintance, recently said:,
"Oh, she's one of those fluffy girls." ,'
"My dear boy," said the matron, "what
on earth is a fluffy girl1"
"Why, don't you know?" replied the
young man. "A girl who has blue eyes,
golden hair, brilliant coloring and look
like a bit of Dresden china. A girl who If
always hitched up in a big armchair and
has a plaintive little tale of woe to confide
to you not to you, my dear madam, bui
to me, to some man. The girl who wears
charming gowns, all frills and ribbons,
and hopelessly intricate to masculine eyes;
who is always delightfully clean, with
fresh curled hair; who affects certain per
fumes; has curious gestures and modes of
expression: who wears tinkling ornaments
her wrists ana quantities or rings on
her fingers; who abounds in parasols, fani
and shawls, which we men carry trailing
humbly about in her wake. This is the
fluffy girl, and, my dear lady, long expe
rience with her has taught me that she
usually possesses a temper as fluffy as hex
gown." Hartford limes.
Potatoes as an Aid In Washing.
To wash clothes without fading them,
wash and peel Irish potatoes; then grata
them into cold water. Saturate the ar
ticles to be washed in this potato water
and they can then be washed with soap
without any running of the color. have
taken oil out of carpets with this potato
water when simple cold water would make
the color run ruinously. Have also set the
color in figured black muslins, in colored
merinos, in ribbons and other silk goods.
Ofteu the potato watercleanses sufficiently
without the use of soap; but the latter is
necessary, I find, where there is any grease.
In such cases (without soap) I take the
grated potato itself and rub with a flannel
rag. In woolen goods It is necessary to
strain the water, else the particles will ad
here, but this is not necessary on goods
from which they con well be shaken. Cor.
Detroit Free Press.
Homely Gymnastics.
That there is not much sanitary or
strengthening influence in the operation of
dusting ia evident, and yet many women,
disdaining heavier work, reserve this do
mestic duty for themselves and waste
much time upon it. Muscular motion is
of little value unless vigorous and swift.
The slow walk and loitering movement do
not rouse the blood from its torpidity.
The lowliest labor when zealously per
formed may be followed by an unexpected
hygionic effect. There is the instance of a
penniless young man, threatened with fe
ver iu a strange country, shipping as a
deck hand to return and die among his
people. During the voyage he scrubbed
away the dirt from the shipboards and
with it the disease that had invaded nis
life craft. Alice B. Tweedy in Populai
Science Monthly.
Hues for Pillow Shams.
Fashionable bed dressing having vetoed
pillow shams, housekeepers owning a sup
ply of these squares have sought various
methods to utilize them. One woman
turned her fine pair of hemstitched linen
and embroidered "covers" into tea cloths
by adding some gay little buds and pan-
sies in naturij colors. She might easily
have left them all white, since such tea
cloths are equally used for the permanent
6 o'clock tea table as for the occasional one.
Another woman converted some of her
pretty ones into show pillow slips by add
ing a plain side. She kept one pillow thus
incased on the family sitting room lounge,
'of which," she said, "we are all so fond
that it is seldom vacant, and its stuff pil
low cover was difficult to keep clean."
Her Point of View in New York Times.
A Practical Suggestion.
One of the most practical suggestions
for service is that of the woman who comes
in to work "by the day." There is very
much more in this idea of daily service or
of employing a woman who, in common
parlance, "does day's work," than has
ever been fully developed. Washing and
scrubbing are at present the principal
duties of such workers. But these, al
though they represent the hardest labor,
cover only a small part of the daily house
work. The sweeping and dusting, the sewing,
the cooking, the dish washing, the "clear
ing up" most interminable of tasks the
mending and the chamber work all theso
come Into the home life and into the line
of a housekeeper's duties. Harper's Bazar.
Color of the Bridal Dress.
Married in white, you have chosen all
right.
Married In gray, you will go far away,
Married in black, you will wish yourself
back.
Married in red, you will wish yourself
dead.
Married in green, ashamed to be seen. '
Married in blue, he will always be true.
Married in pearl, you will live in a whirl.
Married in yellow, ashamed of your fel
low.
Married In brown, you will live out of
town.
Married in pink, your spirit will sink.
Old Rhyme.
How to Sharpen Carving Knife.
A carving knife needs to have a different
kind of an edge from a razor. The steel
which ordinarily accompanies a carving
knife and fork is very well to give a finish
ing touch to the edge, but an ordinary whet
stone, such as a reaper uses for his scythe
or sickle, Is the most useful implement a
carver can keep at hand. One or two rubs
on each aide of a knife whets it up might
ily, and then two or three finishing touches
from the steel and the knife is in order to
do most excellent execution. New York
Telegram,
Materials for Children's Dresses,
In regard to the material to be used for
the clothing of Infants a well Known pny-
sician believes that it should be soft, and
aa light in weight as possible. For those
who can afford it, the flannel made from
silk and wool, costing a dollar a yard and
upward, or an eiderdown flannel for ueu-
cats ohildren, is recommended. In loweii
priced materials Canton nannei la sug
gested, as it is soft and warm and does not
shrink much mwaaoing. new xorx, rose
ADMIRAL TRYON'S 8UCCESSOR.
Vice Admiral Cnlme-Seymour Comes of a
Naval Family.
Vice Admiral Sir Michael Culme-Sey-mour,
who succeeded the unfortunate Try
on in command of the British Mediterra
nean sqtnulron, comes of what the English
call a naval fam
ily. His grandfa
ther, Michael Sey
mour,captured the
French frigate La
Thetis in 1808 aft
er a gallant en
counter with his
vessel, the Ame
thyst, Forthisbe
was made a bar
onet and subse
quently attained
the rank of ad
miral. His third
son, also named
admirai. C1II.ME-6ET- Michael, adopted
MutK. the profession of
Ms father, rose to the same rank and ob
tained the distinction of a 6. C. B. The
present admiral is therefore the third of
the family to achieve commanding rank in
the navy. He succeeded his father In the
baronetcy in 1880.
The fate of the Victoria has recalled a
list of not less than seven similar disasters
since the beginning of tbe eighteenth cen
tury In which admirals of the English navy
nerisbed with their vessels. The first of
these disasters occurred in 1703, when Ad
miral Beaumont went down in the Mary
during a gale in the Downs that destroyed
18 men-of-war and drowned l,suu seamen.
Four years later Admiral Sir Claudesley
Shovell, who had narrowly escaped from
the storm in the Downs, went down with
his ship, the Association, during a gale off
the coast of Wales. His body was washed
ashore and buried in Westminster abbey.
Thirty-seven years afterward Admiral Sir
John Balchen, in the flagship Victory, was
wrecked and lost near the coast of Alder
ney. That at least is the supposition, for
the truth was never positively learned.
Some years later the Victory's rudder was
washed up on the beach near Brighton.
The historic disaster to the Royal George
In 1782 was, like the sinking of the Victoria,
due to a blunder worse than a crime. An at
tempt was made to heel her over and exam
ine her bottom. For this purpose the heavy
guns were all removed to one side of the
deck. The precaution of stopping her lower
deck scupperB was neglected, and the water
came in and sank the vessel. There were
nearly 900 persons drowned, including Ad
miral Kempcnfelt and over 200 women.
In 1807 Admiral Sir Thomas Troubridge,
whom NelBon had dubbed "the Bayard of
tbe navy," went down in his flagship, the
Blenheim, while on the way to the Cape or
Good Hope. Rear Admiral Carthew Rey
nolds perished with the St. George on the
coast of Jutland in 1811, the last disaster of
tbe kind in which an admiral perished un
til Tryon went down on the Victoria,
Ordered to Dance.
A recent occurrence recalls a story of a
Prussian general who wished to make bis
world dance and failed. H is wife's recep
tions, for some reason or other, were uncon
genial to the youths under bis command
and unfreqnentl by them. The general,
a strict martinet and the head of a college
of cadets, was imprudent enough to re
proach them with their shortcomings in
this matter and to demand a change in
their manners. At his next ball, when all
the guests were assembled, the tramp,
tramp of marching feet was heard upon
tbe staircase; the door was thrown open,
and there marched into the room a whole
corps of cadet with their (young officer at
their bead, halted ana stoou at attention.
What is the meaning of IbisJ" shouted
the general
"The first corps of cadets, to dancing
commanded!" replied the youth, saluting
though on tirade.
"Take them away," screamed the gen
eral, beside himself with fury.
"Riirht about face, march r was the
calm and unmoved answer, and the cadets
marched out in tbe same order as they had
entered. Londou Spectator.
Horse Sense.
The other day. while Mr. (i. L. Emrey,
of this place, waa away from home his
horse got loose in the stable and, gain
ing access to the feed chest, overloaded
nis stomach with good things and pretty
soon was crazy with the pains which
colic brings on. He broke out of the
stable and ran as fast as his feet would
carry him through the streets to the
Patterson House, where be had been
doctored some time before. The horse
by nis actions soon showed himself to
be a pretty sick horse, and was taken in
charge by Dr. Bechart, who brought
mm around ail right. The horse was
not very wise in eating too much, but
displayed good horse Beuse in hunting
np the doctor. Honey brook (Pa.) Ua-
zette.
Wheat Raising In Meilco.
Recent studies into the matter of
wheat raising indicate that the high
tablelands of Mexico will Boon be used
for that purpose. Lack of railroad fa
cilities has kept that region from com
peting heretofore, but the prospect now
is that the railroads will soon be con
structed. New York Times.
Adirondack Lumber.
During last year there were 800.000,000
feet of timber cut in the Adirondack
forests. Of the whole quantity two-
thirds was made into lumber and the re
mainder into paper pulp, and all by the
wood pulp mills in the Adirondack re
gion, the product being 109,30V tons of
wood pulp. Exchange.
Why the Grumbler Is Entertaining.
No one offers the systematic grumbler
the tax of sympathy. He does not want
it, moreover. His woes and grievances
are his stock In trade. It is an under
stood thing that without them he would
be a very dull fellow. As it is they save
his reputation, and set tbe ball of small
talk moving no matter in what direc
tion. All the Year Round.
mm
A Bail Day for Uabblts.
Very few persons have ever engaged
in such a hunt for rabbit as a party of
young men living near Homer partici
pated in one day recently.
In the absence of all large game and
the prohibition as to shooting chickena
and quails, the young fanners pass a way
the monotony of the wintry days by or- .
ganizing hunting parties, which enter .
into competition as to which party will
bring in the most game by a given time.
Usually these competition hunts are be
tween the young men of different neigh
borhoods, and neighborhood "honor" is
a big thing in this country.
A very exciting hunt was made by two .
parties of farmers living near Homer,
which, on account of the number of men
engaged and the amount of game bagged,
will be household lore in the neighbor
hood for many winters. There waa one
company of twenty-five men and another
of twenty-four men. All had to hare
their game in by 7 o'clock in the even
ing, and most of tbe men started in quest
of "Brer Rabbit" before daylight. "And
they gathered them in from the high
ways and hedges," for when the count
was made in the evening one party had
secured 638 rabbits, while the other had
slain ISM. making a total of 1,1,
A sumptuous supper was spread that
night, for which the defeated party had
to pay. Then the rabbits were sold and
the money divided into three purses,
which were presented to tne men who
tilled the most rabbits. Jess Doney
took first, having captured sixty-nine.
Feast Hall had sixty-eight and Edward
Brown sixty Probably so large a num
ber of rabbits were never before killed
by one party in Illinois in one day.
Chicago Inter Ocean.
No Profit In Money Orders.
There does not seem to be any prospect
that the money order business can be
made to pay a profit to Uncle Sam in
future. It was started in I860 with an
appropriation by congress of $100,000,
and during the first eight months there
was a loss of more than $7,000. As the
system grew it became more remuner
ative to tbe government, until it began
to show a margin of gain about ten years
age. For tbe last three years, however,
there has been a loss on it, mainly be
cause the average sum sent by money
order has diminished.
The average cost to the government
of a money order, whether for a small
or large amount, is a trifle over ten
cents, while the average fee paid now is
only a fraction more than eight cents.
However, tbe loss on domestic money
orders is made np to some extent by the
profit on international money orders.
Unnng the last hscal year the postomce
department cleared $1MI.0(K) on the pur
chase of bills of exchange to settle bal
ances with foreign countries on account
of money orders issued. Washington
Star.
Debt Paid After Many Tears.
In the town of Deiter. away back in
1867. a mill operative was approached
by another young fellow and impor
tuned for a loan of ten dollars for a few
days. Tbe operative had just that
amount, but having a wife and aged
mother to care for hardly dared spare
it, for fear of need, but Anally did di
vide, loaning tbe feilow five dollars.
Soon after the borrower disappeared,
and nothing more was heard from him
until last Christmas day, when tbe
lender, who is now a leading business
man of Skowhegan, received a letter
containing a check for the live dollars,
accompanied by the most beautiful dia
mond solitaire stud he ever saw. The
incident hal long passed from bis mind.
bnt tbe letter and present recalled that
loan of twenty-live years ago in Dexter.
It remains to say that the borrower is
now a wealthy jeweler in western Mew
York. Lewiston Journal.
A Curious Chair
People in the Central Street station at
1 o'clock Saturday afternoon saw a very
odd and decidedly novel chair put aboard
the train leaving at that hour. It is
about six feet high, being built after the
manner of the furniture used in lodge
rooms.
Charles Roberts was the maker, and
the chair is a gift from hiin to his broth
er, J. U. Roberta, engineer on the Man
chester express. .
The chair is made out of wood col
lected in different localities and em
braces twigs and small limbs of trees
from Pel bain and Lake Winnepesaukee,
and from tbe outskirts of tbe city.
There are walnut, birch, butternut,
baaswood, ash. willow and maple limbs
in it, all blended prettily together in
rustic fashion. Lowell Citizen.
A Well teamed Lesson,
A West Springfield teacher has applied a
good deal of effort to the teaching of her
pupils to speak correctly, particularly drill
ing them not to say "I see it" when they
mean "1 saw it" The lesson has been
well learned, at least she thinks so, for
yesterday when she asked one of the chil
dren, "Did you see the car go byt" a line of
winks, nudges and wise looks went around
the room. One little fellow couldn't stand
it, however, and piped out, "Teacher,
teacher, you said "seel' "Springfield
Homestead.
Curious Facts About Butternut Trees
The butternut is a Uee that likes best a
rocky, uneven soil, and in whose shade
neither shrub nor herb will thrive. The
bark is used as a dyestuff for woolens.
Curled and birdseye maple is a wood of
the same family that sometimes has cu- :
riously arranged Other, one with curves, the
other with eyes, beao the name. Hoik
and Farm.
and even of h$ ikin. These an aU mat