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About The Lebanon express. (Lebanon, Linn County, Or.) 1887-1898 | View Entire Issue (Sept. 25, 1891)
It u 3 t MINIM A BOAT CREW, .. . WALTER Li PEET TELLS HOW IT IS DONE. An IiiteTMitliur Artlnla nn tha din' I Healthful sud BeNettclal of all At hie tie Nport The Train I tig Pro cm frum Ktavf in S?iilU. "That rowing is the mint healthful sai,,he most beneficial of all athletic : - not be denied by any one 4iaviiift a knowledge of the subject. City toys who have started in as strip Imps t$ work for a freshman crew, and have kept up rowiug through their college course, have developed into strong, symmetrically formed men, such as they never would have been had they not gone in for this branch of athletics. Especially is this true in a few of our leading universi ties, where the training and couching of the men are systematically and in telligently managed. If you are a boy who intends to go to college you ought by all means to "try for the crew." Even if you fail to get on your freshman eight, fthe itime is far from wasted, as the work will do you incalculable good. In this article 1 will tell you how a college crew is trained, from the first worktili the finishing touches are put on just before the gi eat Varsity race, and you will see what you would have to go through if you should take the advice given above. f ' ' '';, As a rule the freshmen ctowb supply the material for the 'varsity eight, the best men of the former filling the vacancies in the latter boat each year. (Sometimes, however, it happens that a man will row two or even three years on his class crew before getting a place on the 'varsity, aud once in awhile a man who has had no previous rowing will have that honor, but to accom plish this he must be exceptionally good in every way, ,)uat after the Christmas holidays comes the first work on the set of men from which the crew is to be selected. Sometimes twenty or thirty me a pre sent themselves as candidates to the captain, who has been elected by the crew of the previous year just before disbanding. He takes them to the gymnasium, where they are to work with him tor two or three months. He directs their exercise, their diet and their hours; in fact, he has complete control over them from the time training is begun until the crew breaks up after the race. It is easy to see that the success of a crew the b.ade'is not put in straight up tmd down but at a bevel, the lower part ot it being turned slightly toward 10 bow of the boat, . - The sliding seats enable the men to vet a lonirer stroke and to utll ze the great power of the legs. On thw "full roach' the seat is brought toward the stern of the boat, and it is held there till the shoulders have come up a lit tle on the puil. This is done to giv the body u good position beiore the hard push is made with the legs. On the "recover" the body.handsand slidt are started at the same time, aud area care is taken to make the last part oi the "recover" slowly and smoothly else the force with which the eight heavy men come against their "stretchers" or foot rests when stop ping the slides on the recover will stop the headway of the boat. This then is the 'Stroke which the coach tries to teach the mon. He fol lows close to their bo it on a fast steam launch, first on one side, then on the other, and again behind, and Bees a great many im perfection This man benus his back instead ox swinging from the hips; that man does not swing straight fore and aft, but leans to one side of the boat when he pulls; one drops his shoulders forward the full reach; another TRIUMPHS OF SCIENCE. LATE DISCOVERIES FOR THIS PROGRESSIVE AGE An Bleetrlo Lighting Plant on WheelsA Novel Idoa Air a Letter Opeuer High ftervlee Stand Pipe lor mills, etc tMe a title Notes. The scissors shown hi this illustra tion ate adapted to do the work of or dinary scissors and shears, and are alito so made th.t letters may be rapidly opened by them without dan ger of mutilating the contents. The improvement forms the subject of a patent issued to Is nth tin A. Wheeler. The cutting blades are curved on their back sides, and one of them is Bonie whut thinner than the other, to allow it to close beneath a guide carried by the latter. The thinner blade also has, near its pivot poiat, a semi-oirou-lar recess, terminating on the inner side in a shoulder adapted to en gage a letter guide and throw it from the pivot pin. The figure at the top in the illustration is a sectional edge view of the scissors, aud just be low Is shown the guide attachment used in opening envelopes. The screw by which the blades are pivoted together has an angular flange or rib below Its head, forcing a wusher whLh bears upon the upper blade, and an annular recess between the washer and the Bcrew head adapted to receive the letter guide. J. he latter is thin and flat, and curved to conform with the tianged side of the thinner blade, so that when the , blades are closed together it will fit the flange, the guide being secured to the other blade, so that 1 g inner edge will be a little in advunceof the edge of the blade. The guide is doubled over at right angles near its outer end and settles down in a bunch at the end of the stroke, as if he had no backbone; others feather their oars under water, kick down with their legs before their bodies are in position to stand the strain, rush their slides toward the stern, stoppiug the boat, and in fact seemed to do everything wrong. The coach works hard and persistently, however, and soon has the satisfaction of seeing some of these faults begin to disappear. At about the time the crew goes on the water for the first time the men go to the "training table," where they alt take their meals under the eye of the captain. As soon as the crew have improved enough, they give up the barge for the used in the ordinary way, but with shell, generally an old one. the new the guide xn position the end of an en one not being used until a short time beiore the race. Earn day after the row a shower bath and a hard rubbing is given to the men, From five, to fifteen miles are gone over each day in greater or less stretches. 1'ieces or lour miles on time are rowed about twice a week. On these rows and during impromptu races with class crews or local clubs the men are watched very closely. nVettrs impmA Sbmatts. perforated to receive a stud on the outer end of the blade on which it tits, the Inner end of the guide being rounded to tit the semi' circular recess in the other blade, near the pivot point, and being slotted to nt closely upon tne screw, wnen the guide is not in place the scissors are velope passed between the bladoB is stopped by the guide, as shown in the small sectional figure at the left in the picture, so that only a narrow strip will be cut from the extrome end of the envelope, without danger of cut ting anything it may enclose, iteodore Hmith, ot "Jersey City, at A st of 5,IM)i). A Croat Hlsst. A great blast whs to have taken ace at Mr. 1 ('alia nan's quur 'ies, at ulh Itethlehem, N. V., on .nme , L.t It failed, owing to imperfections n the electric wir ng, and was a dis imuimment to thousands of people vuo had congregated to witness the xnlostnn, and to many who ex tie!' ted it note some Important results f om ie method employed in charging. lie failure was due solely to the Mlioienov of the electric ian who had argo of the wiring, and the greatest sympathy was felt. by all with Mr. aiiunan, who had spared nopalnB nor expense to make the occasion success ful and impressive. The quarries are situated at an ancle in the great limestone ridge which passes through this suction. Previous excavation has given the quarry a very uniform face, orescent shaped, aud about 4H) feet long, with a perpendic ular height of 100 feet. About HO feet from the base of the oltrT Is a ledge or onset, so that the top of the olitt Ib set uacK some ao leet. The blast notes were drilled on the ledge and at the top, being at an average distance of 13 feet back of the face. The holes were drilled to a depth of 3fi feet, and were charged with from 30 to fiO pounds each of 75 per cent "miners friend dynamite. The entire charge amount ed to 5,000 pounds of dynamite, di vined between laa holes. The circuit was connected with a dynamo situated in the crushing mill, close to the quarry. At 4 o'clock in the presenue of Uov. Hill and his staff and about ft. mm spectators, Air. i alia- nun s pretty daughter turned the switch, without result, as the wires were somewhere grounded. Mr. (alia- nan, however, succeeded In connect ing up three sections of his blast, dis charging them separately at intervals of fifteen to twenty miuutes by a hand battery. At the second discharge the high cliff, ,'tOi) feet long and tf cut high, was seen to fall over to an angle of 4l de grees, and then drop, completely crum bled. THE MOUNTAINS. trenstn f Anchor Bolts From a number of careful tests latelv made to ascertain the precise strength of anchor bolts set in Portland cement in the ordinary way, the fact appeared that the joint was really stronger than the stone. In this demonstration, two- inch iron rods were set into the stones some eleven and one-half inches, and then subjected to the test. The first rod had a screw thread to improve the grip of the ce ment, ami the cement began to yield at a load of 32,oou pounds, the breaking of the stone taking place at fi0,ooo. V ith a plain, smooth rod. It was found that the cement began to yield at a load of :n,(iuo pounds, but the rock broke at il?,oiM pounds. Thus, though tlie strength of the cement joint was not developed, It was Inferred that, in a suitable setting, the cement joint on a smooth rod might be matle to break the rod. depends greatly upon the captain. A bove all he must have good judgment, and he must be firm without being overbeartng. Besides this, he and the coach must agree perfectly, else, should a point come up on which they do not have the same opinion, one or the other loses the conhdence of the men. or wore. perhaps there comes a split lu the crew. , HP Via nfimlr n tKfl mrmniieinm Tr"ri l Vl Hurts two or three hours each day, con sist of hard general exercising on all the apparatus, but principally on the heavy pulley weight, the object being to bring as many muscles into play as possible, and to develop the body sym metrically. Look closely at the next good university crew youseeand notice the depth of their chests and how beautifully their muscles are rounded: note their carriage and their springy walk and you will see the good of this worn. Each day after the gymnasium work the men row for about twenty minutes . on rowing machines or in the ' tank. In the middle of the tank, which is filled with water, is a long narrow box fitted up with sliding seats, "stretch era" (foot rests), and outriggers (the irons which hold the rowlocks). A large hole is cut in the middle of the blade of each oar, so that when the men row the water rushes through these openings, giving the crew a very good indoor substitute for actual row ing. After the row the men take a run of two or three miles, which develops their staying powers and enables them to stand hard, sharp work without get ting out of breath. This routine is gone through day after day, until it is warm enough to row on the water. 'J'he men take hold of the oars with bout a band's breadth between the hinds. The stroke is commenced by reaching forward toward the stern of the boat with both body and arms and putting the blade in the water, great care being taken to swing forward from the hips without bending the middle of the back any more than .pos tble. The shoulders are kept down and back, as there is notsomuch power in them when they are "haunched up," nd when thev are allowed to move ' "ward too much they make the chest ' lessening the lung and heart i the oar into the wator. New High Hervlne Maud Pipe. This stand pipe was erected for the Ah bmi, ne iha r.niiofra hiH,a um 1 puroose of forcing water above the over the eight goes to the scene of the nrat floors of houses on Jersey City great contest. The rows are made heights. The pipe is 100 feet in height shorter to allow the men to pick up a i,,u " lu " f"u littio in at;it hnt thu nhnrt n,u. I twentv-two courses of wrought iron, are taken at the highest possible speed. f different thicknesses. The At last the duv comes, ana u yon ever sit in a boat at the starting post of a great college race as the referee steams up toward your shell, theee thoughts will perhaps nit through your mind: "Is the result of all this work to be victory or defeat? We must win." Are vou ready?1 shouts the referee. The three seconds seem an age. "(io," comes to your ears at last. The boat jumps, you remember to make the first three strokes short to get a good start, and then you settle down, alt nervousness gone, on tne journey whi'th is to bring to you and the whole college joy or sadness, according to your boat's position at the finish line, and if you win well, few will ke the events of your life to make you happier. Walter B. Pbet. NorthneNlem Amateur Association. The annual regatta of the North western Amateur Kowing association is fixed to take place at Detroit, Aug. 14, 15, immediately following that of the Mississippi Valley associution, which will come off on the same water Aug. 13, 13. The program is made up as follows: Junior single sculls. senior single H'.'Ulls, junior double sculls, senior double sculls, junior pair oared shells, senior pair oared shells, junior four oared shells, senior lour oared shells, four cared gigs and ten oared barges. All races will be one mile and a half with a turn. Entrance fees: Four oars, 810; pair oars, 810; double sculls, 810; single sculls, 85. The fee must be paid to the secretary at the time oi entering, and will be re turned to clubs which start boats in the races for which they were entered. In addition to the valuable gold badges to be given to each winning oarsman, handsome certificates will be given to clubs of winners. Arrangements have been made with the railroads, and Bpecial rates granted. first seven courses are made of M inch iron, seven of the next out of i-H inch, and the last eight out of .Vlfi inch iron. Each course was put up in two separate pieces and riveted together. Each course is four feet in height. The stand pipe is riveted at the bottom to an iron cast ing, eight feet in diameter. The cast ing has one twenty-four inch inlet and two twenty, fonr inch outlets. One out let connects with the street pipe and the other to the overflow pipe. The overflow pipe, which is erected inside and running up through the center of the main pipe, is HO feet in height and t feet in diarnet r. This is connected to one of the outlets in the casting and runs out into the reservoir. The casting is bolted to a briok foundation 15 feet square. The bolts are eight in number and !SH inches in diameter. They run through the foundation and are fastened on the Portable Electric Lighting Plant. We illustrate a portuble electric light plant, constructed in London, England, lor a large ' dock company. It is mounted upon a frume carried by four wrought iron traveling wheels, and is fitted with two bullocks. The boiler stunds in the center, the engine Ireing at one end and the dyn i mo at the other. The boiler Ib 0 fee II inches high by I! feet inches in diameter. The firebox is crossed by two tubes 8 inches in diameter. The I f"Zj 3mm She Knew Him Well "Have you a very stylish young girt you could recommend mef said a gentleman lu an employment bureau. "Excuse me, sir," replied the affable man ager, "but do you live in the corner house f "Yes, but why do you ask" "Because your wife was here only a mo ment ago to see If we bad a tow beaded girl with a wart on her nose. "Judge. An exchange tells of the finding of the nude body of a man who gave two gasps and then died. This U a case where a pair of pants could not serve as raiment. . Bf1frt. underside to iron washers, two feet square. The weight of this casting is 12.0JD pounus. xne weigni oi nine is 32,000 pounds. . The pipe. when full of water, will hold 2 1,000 gallons. The water is forced up into the stand pipe at the bottom through a 24-inch pipe connected to the casting, by ft Worthlngton duplex mgine. The four iron supporting rods or the stand pipe are 1 1-2 inch in dia meter, The Urn d pipe was erected by AH throiiffh the frown land we sped, ThrouKh cuttings white and uu-rohes drear; TbrmiRh black plantation, grim and dead, Aud forest BianU darkly sure. Tho Isnditcapo find and passed holow. And itastuR Btllt, wo wir no more Than oue great uhoorliw waxte of snow, An ooeau with no farther shore; Until the mountain" row around, Bo Hteruly from the toy earth, And beauty, though rejeeted, found A homo In her own very dearth. Cold thoy were, pride tntenHlflnd In every line so Riuint and grim A mantle and a nail of prldo, That lingered when all ulau grew dim. The rooky bead all pnwdored o'er, And lu the valley tar below A forest tantrle, and onou more A Iuuk and eUdule&H slope of hdow. Thoy eeenied aa mmirnlnu for tho past. In uopoluiw mourning for an age Bo iliHtant now, Ita record oaHt but mystery on earth's dim page. They seemed aa frowning nn tho eye That arrogantly dared tn read The secret thought they laid an by, And to mioh uUtmoe had deoreed. They Heemed an wrapped tn vnlocless soora Too poiwlonleiw to Hlnp to bate. That anything of mortal horn fihould dare one thought to penetrate, 1 met them, and t left thnm en, HUH watching from their fortress white. Their cold, vaat citadel of euow, , To see the Unit approach of night Longing to feel Its shadows glide. Ami veil their grief and hide ihetr pain. With eager longing, even pride. Though nioariuruloHB, could not restrain, Lilian VYiustanloy lu Chambers' Journal A VOICE. A hidden chotr of dear southern hlrrii Hive ma'le thei home In ner fair throat. Voicing in tender pontoon of uunpoken words In many a Rweet Heart Mining note Bometiiniw th aruh and trioHxy mucking bird LaugiiM iu her nappy, jnuniid tone; Again, die yearning of tlmdnve w Heard, Ah when Mite mourn her mate alone; And now the red bird with HI vltiraut trill Bhoweni a rain of minor ot. tite sir, Or the ewainp rohin inaKe tha point thrill Like mime xnul burdened choral prayer. Our pirit'n wing, meet y her voice, will be Attuned lo heaven'H fullest harmony' Mel. a Colquitt U) New Orleans Timea-Demo- emit. The BhrewdneM of Detnetlves, t While 1 am in the buninen myself, I am free to admit that detectives are often ao credited with a shrewdness to which they are not entlttud For inxtmioe, a man will lose valuable piece of poruonsl property and n ply to a detective to recover It for him, Ut will unbosom himself to tho officer, tell him where he waa and what he was doing when he lost his property, aud then what s simple thiug tt is to recover It In the majority of cases the victim was robbed to cimi)aiiy be would not wuut Ut recojiniae tn daylight Be informs tho detective of those who were in his company, aud thu detective goes to the party or parties, makes a grand bluff about knowing who has the goods, aud In the ma jority of cases came bis point The de lighted owner upon buving his property re turned says: "What a emurt follow that de tective ut!" while hi fact he is no brighter than the ordinary run of humanity, and has limply transacted a piece of buninesKfor hia cuiitomernn businw principles, Detective in UiobfrDeruocraL engine has a cylinder Inches in diam eter by u indies stroKe, ana is oi tne inverted tpe with I'ickering governor. rtv means ot a belt it drives tne dynamo. This is compound wound to give 20 amperes of cur rent at a pressure of 10 volts, when run ning at tt.'iO revolutions per minute, it supplies four incandescent lamps of 300 candle power each. Each lamp is provided witn a strong .enameled iron reflector fitted with a wire guard, and a length of twin flexible cable. A plant of this description will be very usetul in many kinds of outdoor work. One Cuttnn tn a Hlnse. Gun cotton conntitutes tho best military explosive known, fur, whils Its explosive force vastly exceeds that of gunpowder and approaches that of nitre-glycerine, it is the latest and most stable explosive we possess, since ft con be stored aud tranitported wet; and whim tu thin state, though ft may bo de tonated, It cannot bo exploded fn any other way. As much as two thousand pounds of wot cotnpretwed gun cotton buvo been placed tn ft tltirce bonllre. where it lias gradually dried, layer by layer, and been consumed without exploding, hetwles, guu cotton is tho only military explomvo which can be detnnnhHi with certainty whun froaou. Charles ft Muuroe tn Hcribner's Alagaziuo. Two Mutt Is Day. In spite of what our Elizabethan fore fathers said and did to thecmitrary, and not withstanding Che opinions of some eminent physicians of recent tunes, evening is the only rational time to dine. There should only bo two really substantial meals aduy, and those should be break! Bat and dinner. A solid and highly nutritious meal ought to begin the day's work, an equally solid and equally nutritious meal should end tt What is token in the course of the working hours may bo such us merely to satisfy the urgent cravings of the appetite, and to maintain in A condition of steady movement the ascend ing or descending course of thu nerve energy. The Hospimi, Good Form in Carrying Paresis. In London it is not considered "good form" for a gentleman to carry through the streets a parcel, bowever small or elegantly wrapped. He may carry a book. If it is not too large and is not wrapped up; for a book is a book, but a parcel may be a pound of cheese or a dozen red herring. The restriction is a foolish one, a form of class distinction that is Inconsistent with the highest civilization, In whfeb every man will be a gentleman If lie Is thoughtfully con- sidorate of others, whether he Is a la- AU There TVns In flight. An English barrister was lately summoned before thu benchers of his fun, charged with the serious professional olTonse of accepting a fee of half a guinea when his brief was marked with a guinea, The offender was severely reprimanded and Informed that be had departed from "the best traditions of the bar." Me respectfully urged that be had imagined that be was following "the best traditions of the bar," inasmuch as he had taken all be could gut Ho struck were the bonchers, either with the force of this obser vation or the forensic ability displayed by the culprit in bis own uuiunse, that they let him oil without further remark. London Truth. - Clubs or All Sorts. There are clubs of nil sorts and charac ter In Now York, The tall men have a club called the Titans. Tlio-mon who wish to show themselves superior to superstition have formed themselves into a club of til i neon, The southerners club together and so do the New Kuglandors, the fut men and the Scotchmen, The athletes and the artists all meet together In associations for their own encourage ment and improvement. It is even re ported from i'at'ls that anear sighted club has been formed tliore. N. V, World Anent the Wales silver wedding, It Is ob served that the nrincess' debt bridesmaids of borer or rides In a carriage. Youth's . twenty-five years ago ore ail living, all mar Companion, -i t ' I rled and nous divorced. .. SiChJ