THE
EXPRE
.K)A III.
LEBANON, OREGON, FRIDAY. NOVEMBER 15, 1880.
NO. 36.
LEBANON
SOCIETY NOTICKS.
LEBANON LOIK1K, NO. 44. A. F s K. M i MU
at their iww li.ll In Mawmlo Blook, on 8turdy
.,.!,. M or farter, fee .. &ojf w M
LEBANON MIMR, NO. 47, I. 0.0 J.:
ureal .tiSiluf of lull nrk, .1 Odd Fellow . IUU,
Mil. nWMiti fUuUui hrtlin eNirrilallir Invited to
.it.i.d. J. J. UHAKM'ON, N O.
HONOR tOTXlR NO. JW, A. O. V. W., triianaa,
Onmm: U.U nnl nd third TIiuwIm &
hi7iu tb. Bioulh. F. H.ItOBOOK. M.W.
RELiaiODS NOTICES.
M, K. CHURCH.
Walton Bklpwnrth. vector Services eerh Snn
day at U M. .lid 7 P. M. Bnmlsy Bubooi lit 10
a. M. wih Bunii.y.
rRMBYTKHUR CHURCH.
0. W. Olbony, ptir Services eoh Sunday
at 11 . m. gandey School 10 a. h. Bervloei
each Unuday nlKht.
CUMBERLAND PRKHB YTKRIAH CHURCH.
J. R. Klrknstrlrk, partiir Snrvloes the 4
end 4tli Sunday, at 11 a. m. d 7 r. u. Buuday
BcIkioI each Hnndav Ml 10 . M.
DR. C. H. DUCKETT.
DENTIST.
Office over C. C Hackelman' tore.
LEBAXOX. OREUOS.
K. WEATHERFORD.
ATTORNEY AT LAW.
Office over First National Dank.
ALBANY OBEWO
Dft. J. M. TAYLOR,
DENTIST,
LEBASOX. BEOS. - '
L. H. MONTANYE,
ATTORNEY AT LAW
AND '
NOTARY XULIC
ALBANY, OHEWOS,
Will practice In all Court of the State.
W. R. DILYEU,
Attorney at Law,
ALV.4W. ON l'.4iOS.
d. a, v aLACKHiiRx.
UBO, W. WMOUT.
BLACKBURN & WRICHT,
Attorneys at Law.
Will praotloe in all the Court, of the Btate.
Prompt attontiuu given to all business en
trusted to our care.
Office Odd Fellow's Temple, Albany, Or.
O. P. COSHOW & SONS,
REAL EHTATE
AND
INSURANCE AGENTS,
BHOWJYlXE. OBEUOX.
Collection, made, conveyances; and all No
Urial work done ou short notice.
SPECIAL NOTICE.
DR. W. C. IVKCiUH,
Graduate of tbe Royal College, of
London, England, also of the Bellevue
Medical College.
THE DOCTOR HAS 8PKNT A LIFETIME
I of study and practice, and makes a spue
laity of chronic dl.oasee, removes cancers,
sorofuloua enlargements, tumors and wens
without pain or the knife. lie aim mak. a
specialty of tieatment with rlactrloltr. Has
pnotloed In the Herman. Frenah and Unglieh
hospital. Calls p-omptly attended day or
night. His mono U. "good W IU to All."
Office and reaidonoe, ferry street, between
Third and Fourth, Albany, Oregon.
i. L. OOWAN.
1. M. RALSTON.
BANK OF LEBANON,
LEBANON, OREGON.
Transacts a General Banting Business
ACCOlSiTH KEPT PilBJECT TO
CHECK.
Eiohange sold on New York, San Francisco,
Portland and Albany, Oregon.
Collection, made on favorable terms.
i. MY WW.
R. BUKLTON.
SCI0 . DN CO.
SCIO, OREGON.
Buy and Set! Land,
LOAN MONEY
AND
Insure Property,
NOTARY PUBLIC
Any information in regard to the cheap
er La4 In the garden of Oregon furnished
PUNGENT PARAGRAPHS.
Many a man oould buy hi wife
pony phaeton with the money he
spends for pony brandy. Texas Sift
ing. An Uncertainty. Husband
What kind of cake i this, wife?"
Wife "Why, my dear, can't you tell
marble cakeP" Husband "I thought
it was either marble or granite, I
wasn't lure which." Omaha World.
Daughter "I don't intend to
marry. I intend to study." Mother
'That's Rbsurd. The men will think
the less of you in the end if you know
much," Daughter "O, mamma! lou
always expect other men to be like
papa." Time.
Father "William, you are run
ning up enormous debts around town.
You must remember your uncle is not
dead yet" Hi Uncle' Heir "Yes.
but he has discharged hi doctor and
ia undergoing treatment by a Chris
tian Scientist" Life.
"It's always a relief to me when it
comes time to pay off Bridget'' aid
Mr. Housekeep. "WhyP" inquired
her husband. "BeoauBe, that is the
only time when 1 feel positive that she
doesn't employ me." Washington
Capital.
Aw, Miss Belle," said Gus de Jay,
"Do you know I've been thinking?"
Indeed?" "Ya-a-; thinking of doing
some work." "Then you better hurry
up, or you will be to tired thinking
that you won't have any strength left
to work with." Merchant Traveler.
Two brothers named Hart were ar
rested for buncoing a farmer. As the
Judge sentenced them to five years
apiece he said it called to hi mind that
touching passage, "Two souls with
but a single thought; two Harts that
beat as oue." J udge.
"Why are the stars hung bo high?"
asked Rollo, looking out of the window
upon the star gemmed canopy of
heaven. "So that the class of '89,''
aid his Uncle George, who graduated
In '73, "can walk around at night with
out knocking off its hats." Brooklyn
Eagle.
Mr. Algernon Nibbs "Miss Grace,
I have something very important to
ay to you, if your mind is wholly un
preoccupied and receptive." Misi
Grace "I assure you it is, Mr. Nibbs.
I have just been reading your article
on 'The Elements of Culture,1 and
there isn't a single idea in my head."
Miss Yellowleaf "I can not under
stand why you call Mr. Sbelghman
bashful. I talked with him over an
hour last evening and he seemed per
fectly at ease." Miss Flyppe Tm
ure I never said he was bashful. In
fact I hare often heard that in the
society of old ladles he was a most
charming talker." Terre Haute Ex
press Brown "1 am glad to ee you
have recovered from your recent attack
of typhoid fever." Smythe "Thank,
old man. You're very kind." Brown
"What has been the worst thing you
had to contend with in connection with
your illness?" Smythe "The storle
I had to listen to from people wbohav
had typhoid so much worse than L"
America.
JEWS IN JERUSALEM.
Their Condition Worse Than That of Any
sfcs' of Their Kaoe the World Over.
The Jews of Jerusalem have many
paupers among them and their con
dition is worse than that of any of their
race the world over. The numbers
who have been forced here by persecu
tion are supported almost entirely by
the different Jewish churches over the
world and the number of different de
nominations of Jews and Christians
who are so supported has made Jeru
salem a city of mendicants. At certain
hour of the days bread is given away
at certain places and the people coma
to thuse in crowds. The Jews them
selves in the fewest of cases change
their religion, but the different denom
inations of begging Christian move
about from church to church as the
supplies rise and fall, juet as the bad
boy changes his Sunday-school accord
ing to the prospects of presents at
time of Christmas. Such giving has
made Jerusalem the hot-bed for the
propagation of beggars, and this is true
of other people than the Jews. The
number of alms-takers among them has
made the Jerusalem Jews, as a class,
regardless of their personal ap
pearance and they live in dirt and
aqualor. I have visited a great num
ber of their houses; whole families liv
in one cave like a room of the size of a
hall bedroom with no windows, and
lighted only by the door at the front;
both walls and floor are of stone. There
ia little furniture to speak of. There
is oniy a iiea or two lor the grown
people and the rest of the family must
bunk on the floor. The 'kitchen is in
most cases a little box just high enough
for the woman of the house to stand
upright in and not more than three
feet wide and four feet deep. At the
back of this there is a rude stove of
tone for the burning of -charcoal, and
somewhere in the catacombs, which
make up the tenement of a score of
families, there la a well, which is the
common property of alL On the door
posts of each dwelling, whether it be
of only one room or more, there ia
tacked a rolled up strip of white parch
ment six inches long on which is writ
ten the name of Jehovah and the ten
commandments, and every one of these
Palestine Jews wear the command
ment tied upon hi arm under hi
coat They have in some cases phy
lacteries for tbeir forehead at time of
worship and the most ol them are very
devout They do not approve of wear
ing any other than the Jewish dresa,
and most Jew who come here adopt
the dress which I have described.-
BARON VON STUBEN.
The Great Work of the Prn.alan Soldier
In the Revolutionary Army.
After his interview with Congress,
Steuben repaired at once to Valley
Forge, where Washington was not
slow in recognizing his ability; nor
was Steuben, on the other hand, at a
loss to perceive, in the ragged and
motley army which he passed in re
view, the existence of soldierly quali
ties which needed nothing so much as
training. Disregarding the English
prejudice which looked upon the drill
ing of soldiers "as work fit only for ser
geants, he took musket in hand and
showed what was to be done. Alert
and untiring, he worked from morning
till night in showing the men how to
advance, retreat or change front with
out tailing into disorder how to per
form, in short all the rapid and accu
rate movements for which the Prussian
army had become so famous. It was
a revelation to the American troops.
Generals, Colonels and Captains were
fired by the contagion of his example
and his tremendous enthusiasm, and
for several months the camp was
converted into a huge training
school, in which masters and
pupils worked with incessant
and furious energy. Steuben waa
struck with the quickness with which
the common soldiers learned their les
sons. He had a harmlessly choleric
temper, which was part of his over
flowing vigor, and sometimes, when
drilling an awkward squad, he would
exhaust his stock of French and Ger
man oaths, and shout for his aid to
come and curse the blockheads in En
glish. "Viens, mon ami Walker," he
would say "vienB, mon bon ami.
Sacre-bleu-Gott-verdam de gaucherie
of dese badauts. Je ne puis plus;
I can curse ftem no more!" Yet
in an incredibly short time, as he
afterward wrote, these awkward fel
lows had acquired a military air, had
learned how to carry their arms, and
knew how to form into column, deploy
and execute maneuvers with precision.
In May, 1778, after three months of
such work, Steuben was appointed Inspector-General
of the army, with the
rank and pay of Major-GeneiaL Tbe
reforms which he introduced were
bo far-reaching that after a year
they were said to have saved
more than 800,000 Frenoh livres
to the United States. No accounts had
been kept of arms and accoutrements,
and owing to the careless good-nature
which allowed every recruit to carry
his musket as a keepsake, there had
been a loss of from five to eight thou
sand muskets annually. During the
first year of Steuben' inspectorship
less tbaa twenty muskets were lost
Half of the arms at Valley Forge
were found by Steuben without bay
onets. Tbe American soldier had
no faith in this weapon, be
cause he did not know how to
use it; when he did not throw it away
he adapted it to culinary purposes,
holding ou its point the beef which he
roasted before his camp-fire. Yet In
little more than a year after Steuben'
arrival we shall see an American col
umn, without firing a gun, storm the
works at Stony Point iu one of the
most spirited bayonet charges knowa
to history. John Fiske, in Atlantic
Under the laws of "Bulgaria if t.
patent medicine is warranted to cure a
certain disease and falls to do it the
manufacturer can be prosecuted and
Bent to prison. No cures for con
sumption can be found in that country.
THE VANILLA PLANT.
Bow One of the Molt Interesttna; of Trop
leal Growth Is Utilised.
In flavoring our ice-creams and
cakes, and the various dishes that will
receive it, with vanilla, we se dom re
member that we are turning to utility
one of the most interesting of tropical
growths an orchid that grows as few
other orchids do, by actual climbing,
clamping itself along its way on serial
roots, and which has to be fertilized
by insects or else yield no fruit except
when the fertilization Is done by hand
in an artificial process. The odor of
the vanilla, like it flavor, has an in
terest of its own, to those of a fanciful
tone, for it belong not to the full
tones of odor, bo to speak, as the rose
and the honeysuckle may be said to
do, but to the half-tones the flats and
sharps sharing a part of that chro
matic scale in which the orange, the
heliotrope, the lemon, are to be found.
A curious thing about this same va
nilla, in relation to it use as an ex
tract is that its essential quality, that
which gives it perfume and savor,
vanilline. can be produced arti
ficially from the sap of pines.
Vanilla has a long and poet
ical history in its use in Spanish
and Oriental cookery, in chocolates
and dressings, and in various Mexican
dishes, from before the time of the
Montezumas, and the thought of it
brings up the sconce of many a repast
with the picturesque adjuncts between
palace or monastery walls. It is not
without significance in this connection
that used in excess, it develops poi
sonous qualities. It is obvious that the
first step beyond the pure necessities
in the way of food is taken by adding
a flavor to the food, and such simple
additions as the rose and the vanilla
must have preceded much costly cook
ery and ransacking of seas and forests
for novel and stimulating substances.
We read in the tales of the Thousand
Nights and One Night of incessant
marketing, flavoring, and feasting; but
it is all made up of the same general
line of articles the lamb and the kid,
rice, pomegranates and quinces; much
of tbe rest is in the added flavors, and
the charm of the cookery seems to be
more in the flavors than iu the food
Itself. Among the varied extracts
used now among ourselves in cookery
most are absolutely harmless, as the
lemon and the orange and other fruit
flavors; the genuine almond, peach,
and nut flavors are comparatively safe,
but not altogether so; but the vanilla
is to be used with care. For, whether
justly or not tbe vanilla has been
made to bear the odium of various
cases of poisoning by means of ices
flavored with it But used with dis
cretion and in small quantity, it is one
of the choicest and most delicate ad
ditions that we have to our sweetmeats
and sauces, having not only a pleasant
piquancy, but leaving a certain tonlo
and cleansing effect upon the palate
Harper' Bazar.
SWITZERLAND IN WAR.
The Military Importance of the Little
Central European Republic
The Italian General Cleinente Corte,
writing to the Adrlatico of Venice,
Bpeaks as follows of the part that
Switzerland may have to play in the
next war in Europe:
"I firmly believe that the Swiss
army, or. more properly speaking the
Swiss nation, must have gained com
paratively in military power more
than other nations. This opinion is
formed upon the high national senti
ment that animates the Swiss people,
their virile and patriotic education,
their long traditional personal service,
their training in the use of the rifle,
and the great confidence which they
have in their arms and in the natural
defenses of the country. In my opin
ion, the Swiss, if they are united and
compact are invulnerable in the up
per portion of their country And it
must not be forgotten that in this por
tion they dominate the Rhone, the
Rhine and the Tessin. A German
army that would have Switzerland with
it could easily threaten Lyons and
turn the defensive works recently con
structed by the French parallel with
the Vosges. But on the other hand,
a French army that could count upon
the aid of the Swiss would be able
from the Lake Constance to turn all
the defenses of the Germans on the
borders of the Rhine and threaten the
upper valley of the Danube, it could
also fall upon Italy by the routes of
Simplon, St Gothard and the Grisons.
"I have never been able to compre
hend the badly-concealed menaces of
Germany against the Swiss neutrality,
because it seems to me that to attack
t.- owiBB . inuir own country consti
tutes a problem before which the Ger
man army might well hesitate, partic
ularly as a few weeks' resistance on
the part of those mountaineers would
be sufficient to permit a French army
to come to their assistance. Now, the
French army that would be the master
of the routes of Switzerland could, in
my opinion, offer insurmountable diffi
culties for even the triple alliance.
It is true that the allies would have''
considerable forces. But could the'.
act together? And would not the
great number be In Itself a difficulty
when it would be necessary to operate
in a mountainous country whose de
fenders could take advantage of the
good roads of the interior.
"It is beyond a doubt that in the
present state of Europe, with the triple
alliance on the one hand and the tacit
or apparent union of France and Rus
sia on the other, the military action ol
Switzerland must exercise a prepon
derant influence upon the result of the
war in case the confederation should
be com eled to abandon its neutrality-"
ORIGIN OF IDAHO.
Bow a Poetlo Name Came to Be Applied
to a Prosperous Terrltorr.
From time to time something ap
pears in the public prints connecting
the name of Joaquin Miller with the
origin of the word "Idaho" in v.hich
it is always claimed that the word in
question resulted from an interview
which Miller had with Colonel Craig
while both were traveling through the
Nez Perce country in the summer of
1861. Miller is said to give Colonel
Craig credit for composing the word
from elements found in the Nez Perce
language and which Craig is said to
have first pronounced Edaho, applying
the word to the appearance of a neigh
boring mountain, upon whose summit
something was seen to glisten like &
diamond or gem. This was no doubt
the origin of the Miller-Craig gem of
the mountains, but not of the genuine
article nor the word "Idaho."
In the spring of 1860, several months
before the discovery of gold had at
tracted the "poet of the Sierras" into
the Nez Perce country, a steamboat was
built at the upper cascades on the
Columbia river under the auspices of
the. Onsgon Steam Navigation Com
pany; and when the steamer was
launched the word Idaho appeared in
Its appropriate place as the name of
the vesseL The definition of the word
then given to the world was "gem of
the mountains," and the word was
then said to have been taken from the
language of one of the Indian tribes
inhabiting that portion of the Colum
bia river valley. Some efforts have
been mqle to find out who it was that
first suggested that name for the steam
er, but thus fur without success.
The steamer Idaho plied upon the
waters of the Columbia during the
spring, summer and autumn of 1860,
and its name was quite familiar to all
who traveled through the country that
year. When it became necessary to
find a name for the new Territory,
which was organized in March, 1863,
somebody, probably Salucius Garfield,
suggested the name of the old steam
bout that had been long since used up
and relegated to the "bone, yard."
Idaho Statesman.
In Dublin, a small town in Laurens
County, Ga., thers lives a blue man.
He is a Caucasian, but instead of be
ing white, is a greenish blue, and is
known as "Blue Billy." His whole
skin is blue, his tongue and the roof
of his mouth are blue, and where his
eyes should be white is seen the sama
ghastly greenish-blue color
An immense glass bubble or globe
which has been exhibited at the Paris
exposition is over five feet in diameter,
with a capacity of 1,950 imperial
quarts, and weighs forty-eight and a
half pounds. It is as pure as crystal,
and without a blemish, and is a work
of the French glass-blowers said to
have never been equaled,
An English trader at Ngove, on the
southwestern coast of Africa, has had
for some time a young female gorilla,
whose docility is described as most re
markable. Jeannie, as the baby gorilla
has been named, sleeps with her mas
ter, and tries to follow him wherever
he goes, weeping like a child if left
behiud. She recently accompanied
him on a journey of twenty miles or
more, walking all the way. She has
acquired many civilized tastes and
habits, and will drink tea, etc., out ol
a cup or glass, displaying the utmost
caefulness,not4o break the,v,eas9L