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PAG1 4
THR SPRINGFIELD N1W8 ,
THURSDAY, SEPT. 20, 101S
I v!
Farmer, Stockman and
Selecting Said Potatoet
Tho selection ot seod potatoes la
icorthy of moro attonllon than ts usu
Hy ncrt.dcd by tho avorago farmer.
Of all crops grown ou tho farm thero
Is nono that will dctoriorato under
aerelesa handling or iraproro mora
mptdty under progressive, up-to-Uato
Methods than thla crop.
The reason for tho tendency to a
ftackward trend under usual methods
fit that tho potato, like the human be
grows in families, and tha.
omparlson might bo carried farther
fet saying that thoy should grow in
larger famillca and all become useful
Members of tho class to which they
lelong. "What man of you would bo
willing to seo his daughter marry a
Ban who might happen to be a fairly
Accent individual It he was the only
scful member of a scalawag family?
How does tho average potato grower
seloct his seod potatoes? Goes to
tho bin and takes them as thoy come?
Tea, usually, or sometimes takes tho
smaller and inferior stock. But you
say, "I take tho best from tho bin,'
er perchance, "I -have selected them
Xrom the windrow in the field after
toq digging." Well, this is still far
snort- of what you should do. "Why?
Because when you select your tuber
from the pile you have no means ot
knowing what its family was. You
io not know what sort ot brothers
and sisters it had. if any. How have
tho great dairy herds ot this country
teen produced? Simply by repeated
selection of producing animals
whoso sires and dams were producers
and from producers. This is exactly
the methods you must pursue if you
would succeed best In breeding a pro
ducing strain of potatoes. Your fine
tuber, that you have selected from the
pile or windrow may have been the
only "tuber in the hill, if so, it is a
"shy breeder," and should not become
3 progenitor ot your future genera
tions.. Mayhap it was the good mem
ber in' a scalawag family. Thero may
nave t been one or two, or perchance?
a half- dozen of "no account" tubers
In this family in which, case you have
evidence of bad blood that you do not
want and cannot afford to have enter
v. . r ...... i it r '
production. , '
Select your seed potatoes at dig
ging aime in the fall. Note carefully
the vino of an individual hill before
you lift it If it is right and you find
a reasonable number, six or more fine
rubers, all of which are fine speci
mens, then lay them off to your, right
and retain the entire hill for seed.
If you do not find it so, if there are
too few tubers tor profit, even though
ine,( or if there were-a dozen good
cues"' and one ill-shaped one, then dis
card, the whole hill as a family with
bad blood. These may be dropped to
your: left and' go into the market crop, j
You lose nothing. It costs you '
nothing that you are compelled to dig '
ity liacd while making your seed se-j
jetton, wh!ch, of course, adds somo
xpense as against the modern horse-1
agger. But you can afford to do it. I
kod goods always sell first and j
ever become a drug on tho market I
lore than this, you wl, if you pur-j
ne IU tccome so interested in the ex-;
r.erlnent itself, in the thing you are
doing, that you will absolutely lose
jrfght of the money side ot the pro-j
position in your efforts to excel your j
brother grower and prove tbe Delim
its of your methods.
In the Feeding of Swine
A great many of our swine raisers
do not make as much use of pasture
35 they well might," On the other
Baud, some go to the other extreme
and place too much reliance on the
various pasture crops. Those used
sicst for swine raising in Oregon ara
alfalfa, clover, vetch, blue grass, na
tive grasses and various mixtures of
these.
The method of feeding swine when
n pasture should be determined very j
largely by the kind of pasture and tha
iraia fed, if any, In addition. We
might well speak of alfalfa, clover and
vetch as the same, since they are all ;
of quite similar feeding value.
Experimental evidence has proven
qaite conclusively that mature hogs in
fair, condition can bo maintained, or
even bo made to gain slightly on good
leguminous pastures, therefore we
would Judge that dry brood sows and
mature boars might be carried eco
nomically this way. However, in tho
easa, th8y are run down, they should !
Bested enough grain to build them ud
joogpod breeding condition. Growing
rwliiu (fiat are intendedt for market
jhould never bo placed on a Jeguml
iouc pasture with tho idea that a
narket finish can be put on, or that
in economical growth can be produced
on tnich a ration. Enough grain must
be fed so that thoy aro kept growing
rapidly from the time they are weaned
until they aro sold. With young
brooding stock.it is not quite so essen
tial to crowd them to tho limit, as It
may l:o overdone and they become so
tat that they inny qot breed regularly.
Many people are botlicrcd by tholr
awino rooting in tho pasture and there
by spoiling tho sod and giving the pasture-
a rough, unoven appearance.
Ringing may prevent this to somo ex
tent, but if tho hog wishes to root, ho
wilt do so after the nose has become
calloused so it ia not painful to htm.
Rooting may bo caused by a desire to
get Into tho moist ground to cool off,
or in search ot somo food that their
feed does not contain. Tho first trou
bio may bo obviated by building an
artificial wallow, which may bo kept
clean; and tho latter trouble may be
overcomo by a study ot tho animal's
food. Frequently salt, mineral mattor,
or animal matter ts lacking In their
ration, when hogs root continuously.
Tho mineral matter may bo supplied
by feeding salt, charcoal, wood ashes,
etc The lack of animal mattor can
bo ovorcomo by feeding small amounts
of such things as tankage, or meat
scraps. When hogs nro on a legumi
nous pasture, tho animal matter, such
as mcntion.ed, is not so necessary In
their ration, but It would probably bo
advisablo to use it when hogs continuo
to root as under tho conditions men
tioned above.
When Buylnjf Feeds "
It pays .
To know the requirements of tho
feed law. (The law does not protect
against ignorance.)
To know tho names under which
feeds are sold. (Feeding stuffs aro
sometimes sold under a misleading
name and are branded with mislead
ing data.
To know what feeds' are required
to supplement - the home-grown ' ra
tions. (The right feed for one farmer
may be wrong ,fed for another.)
To keep posted on the market
prices ot feeds. (An economic feed
today may be expensive feed to buy
tomorrow-.) 1
To buy registered feeds. (Reliable
manufacturers desire to have their
feeds tested. The wisdom of buying !
only branded feeds is shown by tho J
fact that in 1915 the average protein
content of samples of unbrandeiT cot-'
tonseed meal examined was nearly
three per cent less than .that of .'
branded- meal.)
To buy feeds branded like this:
100 lbs. net
Pure "Wheat Bran.
Guaranteed ' Analysis
Per Cent
Protein J 14.5 ,
Fat
Fiber
r
4.0
10.0
Manufactured by ..
It does not pay
To' buy feeds blindly.
To. take too much for granted.
To be afraid of words like "protein" j
or "carbohydrates" because we do not
hear them every day.
To wait until feed Is scarce before
buying.'
To buy feeds of unknown origin.
To buy unbranded feed.
Good Silage Necessitates Good Meth
ods -Only the best silage can bo ob
tained from corn when it is handled
properly. In reply to many inquiries
being received by the County Agri
cultural Agent, the following points
are mentioned as essential to the pro
duction of good silage:
The causes for silage spoiling is
either due to lack of moisture, not
cutting sufficiently fine, or not tamp
ing enough, especially on the edge.
The larger percentage of ears
should be well dented before cutting.
The best silage Is made from the
more matured corn, besides it con
tains as high as 10 per cent more feed
to the ton. Corn can be left in the
field until a few of the ldwer leaves
on each stalk begin to die.
If corn is put into the silo when It
is too green, and the ears aro in the
milk stage, it will be more acid, not
so palatable and will not contain as
much nutriment per ton.
The finer the silago Is cut (one
fourth inch) the better it will keep,
as It packs better. There is less
waste In feeding silage cut in the
shorter lengths.
There has been some complaint
over the county due to heating of
silage. The more air there is in tho
silage, the more it will heat. Finely
cut silage that is well tamped will
not Jieat so badly.
Silage that is cut fine is also easier
to get out of the alio. The knives ot
the silo should be kept sharp if ono
wishes to doo good work with tho
gutter. Tho knife blades should bo
kept sharp.
The better way to fill a silo is to
keep the top of the silago layer saucer
shaped; that is higher on the outer
edges, then when the silage settles
it cannot settle away from tho wail.
It is not always necessary to add
water in filling the silo. A good plan
is to add the water when tho last
third of the silo is being fllicd. When
in doubt, add water.
Salt Is. not necessary, nnd only adds
payability. The smaller the dimen-
Dairyman
sloe or the silo, tho moro packing re
quired. Straw cut flno, wot and packed
down thoroughly ts n good senior tor
tho top ot tho silo.
In conclusion, tho tendency horo Is
to silo com too green, and not cut
sufficiently flno for tho boat silage.
Lime Now Available
Tho Stato llmo plant at Gold Hill,
Oregon, will bo nbla to fill ordors tor
llmo by tho first ot Octobor, nccorJ
tng to N. S. Robb, County Agricultural
Agent, who gives tho following In
formation regarding llmo:
Tho prlco will bo $1.75 per ton f. o.
b. Gold Hill, nnd tho freight 'on n
twenty-ton car ot bulk llmo will run
from throo-fourtha to ono cent por
ton por mtlo. This wtll bo- In tho
neighborhood of $3 to $3.60 at Eugono.
All applications for llmo should bo
mndo to tho Stato Llmo Board, Salem,
accompanied by tho purchase prlco.
Orders will bo filled In tho order they
are received. Farmers should pool
tholr- ordors for car lots.
This is tho substance ot tho recent
Information received from tho man
ager ot tho lime plant at Gold Hill by
Mr. Robb. Further Information as to
Uotnlls can be obtained by writing tho
olllco of tho County Agricultural Agent
at Eugeno for circular letter on "In
formation Concerning Agricultural
Lime and Lima Bulletin." This Infor
mation was obtained for Mr. Ed L.
Ayro ot Junction City, who so far as
to Mr. Robb's knowlodgo is the first
man in tho county to order a car load.
It will bo used on Mr. Ayrcs cherry
orchard. -
Mr. Robb says that tho Lano county
farmers should try llmo out on a
small scale first, as It ts not going to
be a cure-all for all soil troubles. It
will not boboflt on lands that need
dratnage, nor will tt add fertility to
tho soil, as will manure, commercial
fertilizers, or green manure. How
over, tho use of llmo and green ma
nure crops is a well tried practice In
some sections of tho United States
and is highly recommended.
To got the best results from the
use of lime, the land should be weli
drained, and not be too low in for-'
"tillty from continuous cropping, says
Mr. Robb.
Corn and Oats for Work Horses
Contrary "to "popular oplnlnontha'.
horses fed oats havo more life, keep in
better condition, and enduro work bet
ter, especially during hot weather,
than horses given a grain ration con
sisting largely or exclusively of corn,
an expeilment conducted for 48 weeks
at the Ohio Experiment Station with
work horses showed that oats aro not
superior In efficiency to corn. Econo
my in feeding Ib generally In favor f
corn.
Three teams of mature geldings
were used, one horso in each team bo
ing fed oats and tho other an equal
weight of ear corn in connection with
mixed clover and timothy hay. Thero
was practically no difference in tho
changes in weight during tile year be
tween tho two lots. No difference due
to the feeds used was observed in the
spirit and endurance of the horses.
Tho cost of feeding the corn-fed
horses, with corn at 80 cents a bushel,
oats at CO cents, and hay at $10 a ton,
was 85.05 for the 48 weeks, as com
pared with a charge of $122.19 tor tho
horses given oats.' Animal husband
men at the experiment station, con
sidering tho jelativo prices of thesj
two plains over a long period of years,,
say that corn mry bo substituted for
oats for work horsos with a material
saving, and thtrrfore should be given
a larga place in their rations wherever
market coiit'ilio.-iL, warrant its use.
How to Make Farm Work Count
Plan your work ahead. Keep ahead
ot your work. If you do this, it will
maks you wealthy. Ono of tho best
to do farmers in Lane county recently
made a statment to this effect. He
said that the system of always keeping
ahead of bis work had mtfde him his
stake.
Freight and express will be slow.
Order oyoiythlng early and sixty days
ahead ot time.
Put all tools in first-class repair be
fore they are needed.
Make everything handy about the
farm so as to make it easier to do tho
work.
Keep a list of rainy day Jobs, and
thereby save time when the weather
Is good.
Consider whether you can use p.
tractor and other labor saving ma
chinery to advantage.
Two-horse, threohorso and four
horse teams increase the amount ot
work a man can do in a day. Many
'fanners are partially solving the labor
problem by forming themselves Into
clubs or rings to help each other in
threshing, silo filling, etc, Neighbors
can co-operato in buying the heavier
types of farm machinery.
Wants to Get Better Yielding Rye for,
Grain
An effort Is being made by tho Lano
Count;- grfcultural Agent to got a
variety of ryo Introduced Into the
county that will produco lnrgo nnd
profitable yields ot grain tor tho farm
ore of tho county.
"At jirosont tho ryo grown horo la
nil right for pasture nnd. green ma
nure, but tt doos not produco n lnrgo
enough crop," says N. S. Robb.
Wo ought to bo nblo to produco our
own aupply ot ryo seed, Is tho opinion
ot Mr. Robb, for ho believes tho do
mand ta going to Incronao from year
to year when farmers learn tho vnlua
of tho crop tor pasture and green
manure. It tho demand contlnuoa aa
tt has tho past two years whore ovor
twenty tons of tho seed hna boon
shipped Into tho county In tho last
year, tt will bo profitable nnd advis
able for somo ot tho growers to pro
duco ovor supply of seed at homo.
Mr. Robb Is making an effort to get
. tho variety ot ryo known as Rosen
istnrtcd In tho county, aa this has
proven to bo ono ot tho heaviest yield
ing vnrlottos ot ryo for grain In tho
United States.
$300 Net on Acre From Irrigation
I Ono ot tho most striking results
from Irrigation during n season Ilka
tho pant, nro tho figures from thrco
acres on tho farm ot C. M. Etnor),
north fo Eugeno.
j Mr. Emory has taken botweon eight
und nlno tons of string beans off nf
, two acres that were Irrigated, nnd
' theso beans will bring In thu nolgh
'borhood .of $100 per ton.
I Tho yield from tho Irrigated was
doublo that of tho boons that wore
not Irrigated, says Mr. Emory, nnd
this was (lono with only ono nppllca-
I tlon ot water.
' Tho number of picking was also
j doubled through Irrigation.
Mr. Emory says that off of two
acres ot boans, and ono acre ot rasp
jhorrles that were irrigated, he will
not over $300 an acre on tho total of
' 1900.
Humus
Did you over keep a piece of wood
land fenced for ton or twenty years,
never nllowlng flro to burn It ovor.
and then clear It nnd put tt In cultiva
tion? Old you notlco how (loop nnd
loose and mellow tho soil was? IIo,v
you could dig your too sovornl Inches
deep Into It? How tt mndo crops grow
rank and green nnd enabled them to
remain so during parching drouths?
Such is humus rotted, decaying
vegetable matter, without which all
farms nnd farmers must bo failures.
Nature unhlndred, makes it by tho
ton; mnn, unhlndred, has destroyed it
faster than Nnturo his mndo it, aa la
evidenced by barren, gullled fields on
every side, ,
! Th remsdy? There Is only one,
and that Is back to Nature's ways..
uurn noimng, grow winter nnii sum
mer legumus to plow under every year,
and your fields will come back to tho
fruitful fatness of olden days.
Reports on OaH, Rye and Barley Re
I quired
i V - 1-itruetIonB for obtain
ing tho amount of oats, ryo and barley
j threshed in tho county have been ro
celved from tho U. S. Department of
Agriculture by the county agricultural
agent, N. S. Robb.
These blanks aro to be sent to all
threshers of tho county by tho county
"'gent, and nro to be filled out by the
throshermen.
Owing to tho slowness of tho reports
on the wheat threshed coming In,
'.heso other blanks will not bo mailed
until October 1st. '
Mr, Robb urges all threshermcn to
make reports, of tho wheat threshed
this season, so tho report can bo
closed by October 1st. Only 50 por
cent of the threshermen havo made
reports so far, and It Is not tho deslro
ot the county ngont to havo to make ;
a report that cortaln threshermen did !
not report.
Saving food is saving soldiers.
. ,f Fifty-seventh Annual
Oregon State Fair
Salem, Ore., Sept. 23-28
Daily lectures and demonstrations on food production
and conservation; more and better exhibits; high-class
amusement, attractions and entertainments; an excel
lent racing program; ideal camping grounds, and the
best of accomodations for both exhibitors and visitors.
A. H. Lea, Secretary, Salem.
THE HOME OF
CHOICE MEATS
Judging from the "run" we have
had to our meat department, the
people of Springfield are keen to
discover the best that's going. You
are invited to call and see for your
self our choice fresh and cured
meats, ham and bacon, sausage, etc.
You will like the selection
and the service.
We Pay Highest Market Price
for Good Veal, Pork and Poultry
Cox & Cox
Ready to C
ook in a Jiffy -t
Just the touch of a match and
your New Perfection OH Cbolc
Stove is ready for cooking. No
waiting for the fire to burn up'.
Easier to operate than a coal or
wood stove: No smoke or odor;
no dust or dirt. Bakes, broils,
roasts, toasts, all the year round. '
All the convenience of gas. And a
cool kitchen in summer.
In 1, 2, 3 and 4 burner ttiet, with
or without ovena or rablnete. Atk
your dealer today,
STANDARD OIL COMPANY
(California)
NEW PERFECTION
OIL COOK STOVE
M. C. BRESSLER & SQN
SPRINGFIELD, OREGON
A. New Perfection Ott
Cook 3 toy meant
kitchen comfort and
convenience. Aak your
filevid mho hat one.
Uied In J.000.000
homca. IneapentWe,
eair to operate. See
them at your deater'a
today.
Y
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