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About Southern Oregon miner. (Ashland, Or.) 1935-1946 | View Entire Issue (May 2, 1946)
Southern Oregon Miner, Thursday, May 2, 1946 Railroads Demand 25% Higher Rates Rail Unions Renew Wage Bid As Carriers Ask for Rate Hike; Move to Spread Meat Supply Higher and Higher month from the wartime rate of $76 50 and the prewar payment of Seek More $72. Substantial wage increases also Despite an arbitration board's re were announced for the higher cent award of 16 cents an hour to grades. Besides the regular force, 1.050.000 non-operating employees, the dominion will maintain a re the railroad industry was headed for serve force of six divisions of one another labor crisis with lb unions month's training each year and a petitioning for an additional 14 cents supplementary reserve branch an hour boost. Non-operating em ployees include telegraphers, clerfcs. F O O D : machinists, boilermakers, electri U. S. Acts cians and maintenance workers. Seeking to channel more meat In asking for an extra 14 cents into major packing centers and re to bring over-all increases to 30 lieve the tight supply situation in cents an hour, the unions charged big cities. Secretary that the recent award only equaled of Agriculture An wartime grants given to employees derson announced in other industries and an extra government restor boost would have to be given to ation of w a r tim e compensate for general postwar slaughter quotas In raises of 18H cents an hour. a “share the live stock" program. PAY: Ask Freight Hike Even as the non-operating unions asked for an additional 14-cent-an- hour wage raise, the nation’s car riers sought a 25 per cent increase in freight rates, with certain excep tions. to cover higher operating and labor costs. At the same time, the railroads requested continuation of the wartime passenger fare boost of 10 per cent. Despite increased annual ex penses of almost 2 billion dollars and a sharp slump in postwar traf fic. present rates are at the prewar level, the carriers pointed out Of the mounting costs. 1 billion, 355 million dollars represent wartime pay raises, and a half billion dol lars increases in prices of materials and supplies. Exclusive of any wage awards to the three operating brotherhoods, the recent 16-cent-an-hour grant given to 17 other railroad unions i will add 619 million dollars to this year's operating costs, the carriers said. Re • e s ta b lis h ment of butchering q u o ta s fo llo w e d small o p e ra to rs * draining of meat animals from stock yards at prices ma jor packers could not meet without violating OPA ceil ings. Purchase of cattle for shipment on high bidding pointed up the men ace of the black market, with pri- Bowles yate trade sources and Anderson asserting the ma jority of meat being sold was at il legal prices and OPA officials con testing the charge. The heavy drain of small opera tors on regular market sources was indicated by the rise in licensed slaughterers from 1.400 in 1939 to 26.000 in 1946. Normally dominant in the big Chicago stockyards. Swift. Armour and Wilson were able to Bearing placards, women repre sentatives of the national emer gency committee for price control besieged Washington to press con gressmen for extension of OPA. In all. 800 women invaded capital to lobby for continuation of agency. L U E birds like u house in the sun. The nest space must be B deep and they are purticulur ubout P R O D U C T IO N : (K ltlT U K » N O T E H h r a e p l a l e a a a t * « p r e s s e d la Ib e a e r a l a m n a Ik e « a r t th e s e a t W e a t e r a N e w a p a p e r I a l a i ' a U n a a a l y a l a a * n e t a e a e a s a r t ly a ( i h ia I R A IL R O A D Checking hack on production fig ures. the office of war mobilization and reconversion reported that the nation's output for the first quarter of 194« was even higher than at first estimtaed despite a lag in the hard goods and textile industries Whereas the OWMR computed production at an annual rale of 150 billion dollars, it hiked Its figure to 154 billion dollars and added that the estimate might be even higher when all reports are In. Even at 150 billion dollars, the estimated rate tops all previous peacetime marks In reviewing the bright production picture, the OWMR declared: • Farm production should be 13 to 15 per cent above 1941 with good weather. • The tire, washing machine, pow er, gas. oil. steel, aluminum and magnesium industries are operat ing far above prewar levels. • Rate of production of radios, vac uum cleaners, electric irons and bi cycles is rapidly approaching the peacetime figure. meet only a fraction of their needs, with Swift purchases for one week totaling 270 head compared with 4.103 for the same period last year While the restoration of slaughter quotas will not increase the total supply of meat, it is designed to promote more equitable distribu j tion. Lure for Army Matching U. S. efforts to main tain a strong military force through voluntary recruitment. Britain of fered substantial bonuses to en listees while Canada announced an increased scale of pay for regular army personnel. As the Labor government still re T O B A C C O T A X : mained silent on postwar conscrip State cigarette and tobacco tax tion plans. Prime Minister Attlee revenue for 1945 totaled $164,200.000. declared 187.000 volunteers were an increase of 8.3 per cent over 1944, needed and a $100 bonus will be with the spurt in sales following the paid immediately to enlistees, with end of the war and the imposition another $100 for each of three or of higher tax rates in some states four years of service. In addition, listed as the reasons for the in each recruit will be given $52 or a crease in revenue. suit of clothes upon completion of A rise of 11.9 per cent in fed his duty. eral tobacco tax collections for With Canada planning an active the year was also reported. The postwar army of 25.000 men, basic federal revenue from this pay and subsistence allowance for source in 1945 totaled $937,200,- 000. privates was increased to $95 a ! FISHIN* SEASON . . . Stuart Robinson of Taunton. Mass., like all good fishermen, is proud of his catch of hrook trout on the first day of the fishing season. Got out your gear yet? Washington Dipest? Nations Must Submerge Sovereignty for Peace By BAUKHAGE Newt A nal y it and Commentaire. WNV Service. 1616 Eye Street. N. W.. Washington, D. C. HUNTER COLLEGE. THE BRONX, N. Y. — These notes are being jotted down in the basement of a room that once sounded to the dull staccato-thud of rubber-soled gym shoes as the girls came trip ping downstairs from the floor above to scamper into the show ers, pull on their bobby socks and other strange accoutrements which distinguish the modem female col legiate. Is the United Nations really go ing to get anywhere? First, let me admit that as I write we are walking a tight-rope stretched between two crises, either of which might wreck us or might be forgotten by the time these lines reach the printed page. And. of course, the rock upon which the United Nations may flounder is the veto. Most people don't understand the veto. Briefly, it is the right of any of the Big Powers, the permanent members of the executive council, to say "no" to the discussion of any matter which said power doesn't want raised. Power Politic» Still in Force B R IT A IN : problems, as it plans to do, such a strong public sentiment can be built up behind it that nationalistic world-minorities cannot stand up against it There is that hope. There is an other. Atomic energy. As Chairman Corbett of the de partment of political science of Yale university put it: “When It comes to that . . . (con trol of atomic energy) . . . I think that the discrepancy between the legal situation in the UN (he refers to the power of the veto and the nationalistic insistence on sov ereignty) and the actual needs of international collaboration are go ing to become so glaring that we are going to have to make a di rect attack upon this problem of the veto.’’ The key word to that remark is "glaring." The "needs of interna tional collaboration" must glare in the light of pitiless publicity. The light of understanding must be shed upon the truths of what an other war will mean and it must be more than light. Heat must be incandescense. World sentiment must rise to the degree at which it creates the energy necessary to bring action. Peace must become dynamic. In other words “power politics” is still in force and the only advance we have made is that compromise, which is the basis of all democratic action—is the only possible solution of controversial questions. The un democratic alternative is the use of power, which in this case may be I exercised without the will of the majority. The right of the veto is. , Syr as was brought out in a recent University of Chicago round-table discussion, really the insistence on , the expression of national sovereign ty; the sovereign right of a nation, if it gets mad enough, to promul gate the organized savagery of war We can, it is true, never hope for any permanent peace until we are willing to yield that sovereignty to a higher authority which ex presses the will of the majority of all peoples. The United Nations at present has not been granted that authority. But there is hope which 1 have watched grow as international pro ceedings move forward under the impetus of a will to peace and the implementation of ever - growing publicity which creates the under standing to bolster that will—It is this: as the United Nations con Camera snaps Baukhage at tinues to discuss those matters Hunter college with Iranian flag which are not affected by the veto, in background. as it deals with social and economic i li» , SAY ITS STAGGERING Shippers Fight Rail Rate Hike id H W B IRTHDAY . . . Mrs. Anna M. Jerome, New York City, blows out candles on her birthday cake. She is 102 years old. The large candle represents the first 100 years, and the two smaller ones for the addi tional years. Mrs. Jerome had a big time at the party, which was attended by family and friends. WASHINGTON. — The National Industrial Traffic league has sent a memorandum to all shippers who are members of the organization, calling on them to assemble in Chi cago on May 7 to consider the course the group should take in fighting the proposal of the railroads to raise freight rates 25 per cent. A spokesman for the N. I. T. L. termed the proposed 25 per cent freight rate increase sought by the nation's railroads a "staggering" blow to shippers throughout the country, as plans were being rushed to seek disapproval by the Inter state Commerce commission of the railroad request to Install the in creases by May 15. "Seeking a rate increase of this nature is certainly a very broad issue and one unusual In transpor tation history," it was explained. "The shippers will, of course, favor a prompt and early hearing but will oppose placing the rates in effect S t a r t T h is H o u s in g P r o je c t Im m e d ia t e ly before that time,” the spokesman said. It pointed out that few organiza tions had had time to view the rail road petition, but that the executive council of the league at its recent Chicago meeting considered the prospect of a railroad request for an immediate rise. The railroads had provided shippers with a brief declaration of their intentions at that time. At the same time, it was learned that leading domestic steamship company operators met in New York to consider the railroad request and that a possibility exists that wa ter carriers might launch an imme diate campaign to raise domestic water rates somewhere in the vicin ity of 25 per cent. “There is a real need for a rev enue increase by railroads," offi cials of a leading ship line organ ization declared. "But there is equal ly a need among steamship com panies for such a freight rate rise." They said domestic water carriers, including barge lines, may seek post ponement of any immediate rail rate increase, desiring to have the case considered on its merits after a hearing. The proposed 25 per cent rise, however, according to these of ficials, would probably not affqpt tha joint m aritime commission - war shipping administration petition now in the hands of the ICC calling for an investigation of railroad rates with a view toward raising water rates. “This WSA - USMC application goes beyond the matter of a rate increase and it will still stand, de spite the action of the ICC on rail roads," it was asserted. Meanwhile, other sources suggest ed that the maritime commission likewise may oppose the immediate rail increase, although basis for this belief was thought to lie in bringing about a more favorable reception by the ICC of the [»ending joint water carrier request. R II88 DON’T LIK E U. 8. A. WASHINGTON - Inside reason why the Russians are pulling wires to huve the capital of the United Nations moved back to sleepy Geneva is that American public opinion has been too powerful a champion of the smaller nations. So the Russians have been work ing behind the scenes to corral votes in favor of the Geneva trans- fei and can count on Yugoslavia. Czechoslovakia, Poland and France. However, they can't count on the British, who once favored a Euro pean capital, but are now 100 per cent sold that American opinion is one of their best allies. The Russians nlso can't count on the Lati.i Americana. In the old days, Pun - American diplomats loved lolling in Paris most of the time and turning up in Geneva a few days of the week. Today, how ever, Paris is one of the most uncomfortable places in the world. Geneva is short of food, and New York is far more pleasurable. The Russians, who originally favored an American city as the U. N. capital, now consider »his a serious mistake. They dislike the fact that American newspa pers publish columns and col umns of front-page news on ev ery move made by the Rus sians. and they figure that American newsmen at Geneva would sit drowsily in the Swiss cafes drinking beer, or spend week-ends in the Swiss Alps. In Europe, they also believe, no photographer or newspaper would have the energy to trail Ambassa dor Gromyko on his famous and circuitous trip around New York City when he almost stopped in at the Security Council meeting, but didn't. If the Iranian question had been discussed at Geneva, instead of New York, the Russians figure, it never would have attracted so much attention and the Soviet would have come off with a complete vie tory. e e e NO ARMY RACE PREJUDICE A Negro, former master sergeant in the army. Marlon F. Green, tes tified before General Doolittle's "caste system" board the other day. that there was little evidence of racial prejudices and dlscriml nation in the army. When General Doolittle inquired about this. Ser geant Green replied "Colored soldiers found some resentment against them when they first Joined the army, but this was quickly Ironed out aft er a tew months of training. In February. 1941, we had some fights and riots while I was sta tioned at Camp Livingstone. Louisiana. However, by the time we finished training, everybody was getting along fine. I en countered no racial bias what ever overseas.” The ex-G.I. also suggested that saluting of officers be optional when enlisted men are off duty and off the post, to which Lt. Gen. Troy Middleton, now an executive of Lou isiana State university, countered: "Wouldn't optional saluting such as you propose tend to tear down dis cipline?” "Not necessarily, general," re plied Green, " if a man does some thing to merit respect, he will get that respect whether he is a civilian or an army officer.” • • • POWER AND NYLON LOBBIES Many congressmen will vote against dynamic Speaker Sam Ray burn in a secret committee session, but don't have the nerve to stand up and oppose him on the floor of the house. Very soon, however. Democrats who have fallen for the beguiling promises of the giant pow er lobby are going to face the latter test. Sam Rayburn really has fire in his eye when he talks about the power lobby. And today that lobby ranks with the real estate buttonhole» as one of the most potent on Capitol Hill, has even gone to the extent of dangling nylons before the wives of con gressmen in order to win votes against the government’s south west power authority In Texas, Oklahoma, Arkansas and south ern Missouri. The question at issue is whether the government can construct its own electric lines to distribute elec tric power from the Denison dam on the Texas-Oklahoma border and the Norfolk, Ark., dam. Without such power lines, the government merely generates the power but can’t sell it. The power lobby wants to prevent this sale. So far, the power lobby’s tech nique has been successful with the appropriations subcommit tee. which knifed the construc tion of the distributing lines. Cong. Ben Jensen of Iowa, Henry Dworshak of Idaho, Rob ert Jones of Ohio, and W. F. Norrell of Arkansas were the gentlemen reported to have fall en for the wiles of the lobby. However, when the bill comes out on the floor of congress, Sam Ray- bum, together with the dean of congress, Adolph Sabath of Illinois, plans to stage a real battle. the size of the entrance. Robins wunt a roof but no front on their house, and they prefer shade Wrens will like a tiny house under the eaves of your uwn dwelling. ,* /M | z / h '! < / e n o IN C L U P IS o íJ iíN S ro a R O B IN * ANO W HINS A pattern with aclual-alze cutting guides and complete directions Is used for the three houses shown here. They are planned to meet special require ments and are so attractive that vou may want to use them as special fea tures In your garden. Ask for pattern No. 277 and enclose 15c to cover cost and malting Address your request to: MRS. R U T H W Y K TM SPEARS B edford llllls . N . Y . Draw er 1* Enclose 19 cents for Pattern No. 277. Name- Address. 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