IN THE REPORT ON RUSSIANS Creating a Modern Air in Living Room OUSES of glass are realities, H today and, if you wunt to give- any house a modern air, try to' ....................................................... IV. L White make the windows seem impor­ tant. One way is to fram e them in i a group by covering the wall und leaving the glass exposed a cabinet post in the Western coun­ Ladoga's ice; the top layer had tries. For this change. H itler is melted, but cars were traveling hub- deep over the lower one. largely responsible. After the 1917 Revolution, most of A scale model of Leningrad's the Orthodox Church leaders em i­ bread factory shows how it oper­ grated to the Balkans, and Hitler, ated without electricity or running as part of his invasion plans for water. A collection of lamps was the Soviet Union, seized on this his­ made from bottles after the elec­ torical background. He established tricity gave out. There were also a number of Orthodox churches in exhibits of the daily bread ration Berlin, including a cathedral, atyd as it had to be successively reduced earm arked millions of reichmarks because of dwindling supplies. The An Inexpensive chintz with grey-giccu for their support. After he invaded smallest was 123 grams (about 4 ground and a llowcr pattern la used fur France, he commandeered silk to dunces) on December 25, 1941. draperies and to trim the couch cover make religious vestments. When he heavier «ray-green cotton m aterial ' We are shown pictures of people id which Is also used for the cushions. The entered Russia, he proclaimed him­ pulling the bodies of their dead on ¡! «lass curtains are hung on rods suspend­ self the Protector of the Russian sled* through the streets toward ed from the picture moulding with pic­ Church; every German arm y quar­ ture w ire and hooks The side drapes are term aster was equipped with these cemeteries. But the reporters tell unlined but the valance la made over me that bodies frequently were kept buckram. Both are tacked to pine strips vestments as well as sacred church vessels, and churches were in the house or buried after dark, so and are hung with picture hooks One end of the book shelves Is closed In to everywhere re-opened in the the survivors could continue using make a head for the couch. The outside Is the food card. Ukraine. painted grey-green and the Inside dark A most interesting series of mont­ green Tile parchment lamp shade has When the Communists dropped green bindings their anti-retigious propaganda, and ages is devoted to the partisans, • a a suspended the official publication explaining how organizers are para­ N O T E : This decorating Idea la from | for the Society of the Godless be­ chuted into occupied areas, how the BOOK 9 which cumtalns more than 30 cause of a "paper shortage," their bands camp in the forests There are other suggestion* for hom em aker*. Copies critics in the outside world insisted photographs taken from German are 15c postpaid. Send direct to: that these moves were only to im­ prisoners showing the execution of Russian girl partisans. press foreigners. M gS. R U TH W Y E T H SPEAKS The famous Leningrad electrical These critics were wrong: the B edfsrg H ills . N . T . D ra w e r IS Enclose 13 cent* for Book No. 9. P arty had sounder domestic reason* plant is named for Kirov. Stalin's for changing their policy. For the close friend, whose assassination in Nam e ■ _________ Germans were making headway in 1934 started the big political purge Address________________ ___ _________ the Ukraine with their religious of the Communist Party. It employ* propaganda. Not only was it popu­ only 3.000 people. Before the war la r with the older people, but 8,000 worked here. It now produces many of the young were joining the no consumption goods—only genera­ Germans. During the final stages tors, hydro-electric turbines, and of the U krainian mop-up. the Red electrical equipment foi* the Red A rm y came on entire regiments of Army. Ukrainians in Germ an uniform. At one point girls working at a A* further answer to this German row of benches are winding and as­ propaganda in the Ukraine, three sembling a small electric motor. dignitaries of the Russian Orthodox E ric says it is a standard type Church were invited to see Stalin which sells for $55 in Am erica. He and on September 4, 1943, a form al knows, for he makes and deals with reconciliation was effected and the electrical equipment at his Spokane Church got its place on the Council factory. of People’s Commissars. This is a They tell us 250 people work in complete reversal of the action of this division, turning out 400 mo­ January 23, 1918, which separated tors a month. So we do a little figur­ Church and State in Russia. ing. At American prices, these mo­ A further explanation of the tors would bring a monthly total of change is that the Bolshevik $22,000. If divided equally .among the P arty now feels strong enough to 20 assemblers here, each would tolerate, even to recognize, the get $88 a month, -which is almost Church. exactly the wages they do get, in The party has not overlooked terms of the actual purchasing pow­ the fact that a patriotic, nationalis­ er of the rouble. tic Church can be as useful to their This leaves nothing whatever for regime as it was to the Romanov dynasty. The State printing presses overhead or the wages of the m an­ in Moscow are now turning out beau­ agement, nor does it allow for the tifully printed religious books for the cost of the wire and m etal parts, use of the" Church, and it has con­ since these people only assemble. Russian women bnilt many forti­ Obviously, if their factory is to sented to the establishment of a fications during the war. make a profit, that little motor must seminary for training priests. Although the Church is now recog­ be sold for at least double what It and orderly like Germ an entrench­ nized and tolerated, it is not official­ would cost in America, and this be ments everywhere. At this point the G erm an line ran through a little clus­ ly encouraged. The P arty realizes cause of the inefficiency of Soviet ter or houses, which was a co-opera­ the new policy is popular abroad, production methods. One worker turns out only 1 6 /K tive farm and had been heavily and strengthens in Am erica and shelled by Russian artille ry because England both its own position and motors per month. Is it unskilled near it the Germans located one that of its friends in those countries. management or unskilled labor? of the big siege guns which pounded Consequently, it encourages all news Whatever the answer, the picture is Leningrad. The Germans got their stories and picture layouts coming the same in almost every plant we gun out but its great emplacement out of Russia portraying the new visit. remains, a careful job of concrete state of affairs. The main Kirov plant before the work and camouflage. Something of the basic attitude to­ war, the director says, employed Already the people are returning. ward the Church, however, may be 32,000 workers. How many now? He We see three ragged women picking seen in a little thing like electric dodges—almost the only tim e any­ about the ruins, trying to put on one light rates. A state-owmed store pays one has refused to give us a frank end of a room a tem porary roof only 1.18 kopeks per kilowatt-hour answer. The plant functioned all blockade, producing which w ill shelter a stove from the for its current, a home user is through the rain. A shy, chunky, nineteen-ytar- charged 5.S. while a church must mostly ammunition for Leningrad's R ec ap Your defenders. Now its principal work old g irl,, dragging from another pay 41. ruined house a heavy rafter, passes The case is fa r different with the is the production of tank motors. T ire s F o r us on the path. She is in rags, but Church of Rome. This has become A particular grinding machine is they are clean rags. Her hands important only since the war, when presided oyer by a beautiful g i r l - S a fe ty have calluses as thick as those of a the Soviet Union absorbed the Bal­ tall, blonde, and blue-eyed but her stonemason. tic States and parts of Poland, all of Slav face is unusually grim . She Leningrad's people are tremen­ which contain many millions of Ro­ can’t be more than twenty-two. She explains she works not for the extra dously proud of their city, and re­ man Catholics. Some concessions have been made. gard themselves as culturally supe­ rio r to the rest of Russia. They are After H itler's attack on Russia, the also proud that they were able to Soviet’s Polish prisoners of war internment hold the Germans for weary, starv­ were released from ing months at the city's gates, and camps and organized into several finally hurl them back. They are con­ divisions originally headed by Gen­ temptuous of Moscow which they eral Anders. The Soviet government have always regarded as an over­ permitted the teaching of the Catho­ grown peasant village,but particu­ lic religion to their children in spe­ la rly now because of the panic which cial Polish language schools, organ­ swept Moscow when the Germans ized by the Soviet Department of were at its gates. Education. Anders was also per­ H alfw ay across Leningrad we en­ mitted to have thirty-seven Catholic tered the Church of St Nicholas. chaplains for his seven divisions. Regardless of the basic contempt The church was built in two eleva­ tions and as we clirntjed the stairs, of all Communists for religion, the we heard singing. We had blundered Orthodox Church is a purely Rus­ in on choir practice. They were all sian institution, and its clergy are women in early middle age, very now as completely obedient to the well dressed by Soviet standards Krem lin as they were once subser­ vient to the Czar. But the Pope, an and decently dressed by ours. Presently there appeared a man Italian living in Rome, is another who apologized because the Father matter. The Soviet Government per­ him self was not here, but volun­ mits outsiders to have little con­ teered to show us the various altars tact with, and certainly no authority Hundreds of thousands were made over, the people within its borders and the miracle-working ikon. homeless in Leningrad district. So as long as the Soviet Union con­ We asked how the money was tains within its frontiers a consider­ raised for keeping the church in re­ pay but from hatred—her father and able Roman Catholic population, pair, and were told that the state mother starved during the siege. At any agreement between the two took care of this. the factory, she says, the workers could only be an armed truce. ate grease from the guns and oil Communist P arty members con­ The Leningrad Defense Museum tinue their private contempt for re­ turns out to be an enormous w orlds j from the machines. ligion. They regard such doctrines as fair type of exhibit telling the story The Germans occupied Peterhof ’ the forgiveness of sin and the im ­ of the city's recent siege. and all Leningrad’s other suburbs. m o rtality of the soul as childish In the lobby there is a bronze For instance, Llgova was a subur­ superstitions on a level with palmis­ statue of Lenin, addressing the peo­ ban town of 35,000. When the Rus­ i Listen to the try. It is highly improbable that ple during the Revolution. There are sians reoccupied it, they found not \ Voice of Firestone anyone holding to any of these be­ dozens of groupings. We are shown a living soul. The same with Push­ kina, which had 50.000, and Peterhof, | every Monday evening liefs would be regarded as fit for how Leningrad’s luxury and pre­ \ membership in the Party, which in cision industries mobilized for war. which had 45,000. Peterhof—a beau­ over NBC. \ Russia is the only road to power. Here is the telegraph apparatus tiful palace copied from Versailles, However, the Orthodox Church is connected with the line laid under but painted the Im perial lemon now the officially established church Lake Ladoga, Leningrad’s only com­ yellow. It stands in its beautiful o f the Soviet Union, with a rep­ munication with the rest of Russia gardens, a stately roofless r u in - resentative on the Council of Peo­ during the siege. There are pictures burned by the Germans. ple'« Commissars, corresponding to of the transportation system across (TO BE CONTINUED! INSTALLMENT SIX - I If allowed this much freedom, one might want the right to quit his fac­ tory job and start a crossroad store, exploiting his neighbors by selling them merchandise from a tempting­ ly convenient location, thus disrupt­ ing the plans of the Soviet Food Commissariat. They would point out that under capitalism such little men often m ake mistakes, locating crossroad stores where there is no need for them, and then go broke. H ere competition with the state is outlawed, so inefficiency is protected and the people accept it because they know nothing better. Occa­ sionally some Russian expert re­ turns from abroad with the news that keen capitalist competition has developed a cheaper, quicker way of doing something. Then, if he can get in to see the im portant commissars and beat down the natural inertia of a bureaucracy, the new system is installed throughout the Soviet Union. But more often than not capi­ talism pioneers, while socialism only copies. We continue on out the paved road. When it ends, we bump over ruts to Germ an fortifications They are neat Louk! Miiiiins made with Peanut Blitter! ( Vo shortening and only Vs cup lugarj If you'd like to try something brnnd I In m u llin ’* th a t's tr u ly delicious saves on shortening, too — try a.id Kellogg's new Peanut Uutter Mufflni. Yuu'll love their flavor. You'll love, too, tho tender, mclt-ln-your-mouth texture of bran muffins made will! Kellogg’S ALL-IIRAN. F o r ALL-USAS Is pilled extra-fine for gulden softness. % cup Kellogg'* % cup peanut ALL-SHAN butter 1 cup sifted flour H cup sugar 1 egg. well beaten 1 tablespoon baking powder 1 cup milk H teaspoon salt Blend peanut butter and sugar thor­ oughly; stir in egg, milk and kzllooo ' s all - bsan . Let souk until moat of mois­ ture is taken up. Blft flour with baking powder and salt; add to first mixture and stir only until flour dlsappeura. Fill greased niulllu pans tw o -lh ln .v full and bake In moderately hot oven <<00"F.) about 20 minute*. Make: 10 tender, tasty mutUns. 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