SOUTHERN OREGON MINER. Ashland. Oregon
U. S.-British Methods V;
In Computing Ship Tonnage
To understand news of shipbuilding or of ship losses in the war. the
difference between gross and deadweight tonnage must be clearly under
stood, accorduig to the national council of American shipbuilders.
If you say a yardstick is 36 inches long, and your neighbor says It
is several inches shorter, you won't come out with the same answer when
you both try to measure the number'*-'11
-----
of yards In a room with your respec water it displaces, fully loaded with
tive yardsticks, the association ex i its crews and supplies, and subtract
plains.
from that figure the combined weight
Those who calculate the tonnage of the ship's hull, machinery and all
of a ship in the two most widely of its equipment. That gives the
used measures—the gross tonnage weight of the cargo in the ship, pills
used by the British and the dead crew and supplies—the deadweight
weight tonnage used in this country tonnage, which is expressed in tons
—don't get the same answer, either. of 2.240 pounds.
/Vow Hou sen'ires
F un F or Y our F amily
-----------------------------------------------------------. -J------------ 1
More than 1,200,000 volunteer members of the ground ob-|
server corps of the uircraft warning service are on the ulert
24 hours a day throughout the coustul ureas
the Utytc0
States, just to make sure it doesn’t happen here! Approxi
mately 750,000 of these serve under the 1 Fighter Command
from Maine to Florida, scanning the skies night and-day Mr
hostile aircraft—ull under supervision of the m'my'uh* force^.
Since December 7 the banker, the butcher, the baker and
the housewife take turns ut watching the skies at their local
observation post, none ever more than six miles n|juit- Ob
servers ''flash”
reports.au re
phoned into stra
tegic centers
where (light*, of
planes nru post
ed and pushed on
by officials; Tht*
following photrtj
were taken at the
Kingston, N. Y.,
observatioupoxk.
Familiar metal pans and kettles
are vanishing from stores along with
metal kitchen tools and gadgets, in
their places are various sorts of
kitchen-ware made of nun-strategic
materials.
The bride of 1943 may fry eggs in
a pottery skillet, bake pie in a fiber
pan. boil vegetables in earthenware,
and roast meat in glass, predicts
Mrs. Bernice Claytor, specialist in
home improvement for the A. and
M. college extension service. She
explains that metal must go to war,
so cooks must learn to use materi
als not needed at the front.
Pottery, earthenware, and glass
need more careful handling than
metals, the specialist cautions. First
you'll need to avoid sudden changes
in temperature. If you put extreme
ly cold food in these utensils, have
the dish cold first. Or, if you put in
hot food, heat the dish first with
warm water.
Here's another caution. Never put
empty pottery, earthenware, or glass
utensils over a flame. Be sure the
dish contains liquid, fat. or some
moist food before it is set over heat.
Glass made for the purpose can cook
over high heat, but not earthenware
or pottery. The safe rule with these
is "Simmer and serve.”
Homemakers who are afraid their
metal spoons may chip or crack
these dishes, can use wooden spoons
for stirring and beating foods in
these containers. Be careful aliout
temperatures in dishwashing, I, too.
Mrs. Claytor suggests. Wash pot-
tery, earthenware, and glass, like
china, with warm soap suds and a
hot water rinse. Dry them with a
soft towel.
Gross tons are really not tons at
all. That is they are not measures
of weight or mass, but of cubic con
tent—like a bushel of com.
Wearing an authentic Arabian cos
It is easy to measure the cubic
tume which has been in his family
content of the hull and all enclosed
half a century, Pvt. Peter Ohan
deck structures of a ship. It is not
(right) passes along advice on fight
so easy, however, to express cubic
ing conditions in the Middle East
content in terms of the weight of
sec-tor to Aviation Cadet J. J. O’Neil
cargo a ship will carry.
on the flying line at Randolph Field.
A ship loaded full of hay weighs
Texas. A native born Assyrian who
substantially less than the same ship
came to this country 22 years ago.
filled with pig iron. Therefore, in
Ohan served with the British Intel
estimating gross tons it is necessary
ligence during the last war and
to have some constant factor rep
wears the War and Victory ribbons
resenting the weight and bulk of an
for his part in the Allied triumph.
average cargo tliat will be carried.
More than nine decades ago. all
maritime countries agreed that in
translating the cubic content of a
ship into tons of cargo capacity, they
would figure that one ton of cargo
would fill up 100 cubic feet in the
ship. So by dividing the number of
cubic feet by 100, they determine its
...............................hostile thoughts
By MISS ABBIE CONDIT ’ Tansy
Thistle .......................... austerity
capacity in gross tons.
Thyme.............................activity, bravery
N'atlensl Reerestlsn Assselatlso.
In reading news of shipbuilding
red................... declaration of love
Even though the wind may be Tulip,
Violets, blue...... loyalty
programs
or of shipping losses in the
Violets,
white
.............
innocence
howling around the house and the
war. the difference between gross
snow piled up at the door, it’s possi
Next distribute paper-lace doilies, afid deadweight tons must always be
ble to have a flower party which scissors, paste, pencils, color con
Remember that
will carry us back to the warmth struction paper, or magazines and kept in mind.
Lloyds of London Invariably uses the
and beauty of summer.
seed catalogues. Using his invita
Former Private«
On the invitations paste flowers tion flower as its center, each per gross ton measuring stick, while
Americans prefer deadweight tons as
Many officers of the marine corps
cut from magazines or seed cata son makes a message.
a more exact yardstick of cargo embarked upon their military ca
logues, or cut the invitations in flow
Pencil and paper games such as
capacity.
reers as privates.
er shapes from colored paper or scrambled flowers are fun. List
wallpaper.
Each person may be slips of paper (or «pell out)
given the same flower, such as a scrambled form the names of six
violet, on his invitation and his place eight flowers; i.e., 1-o-m-g-i-r-d-a
card, matching them to find his (marigold). Allow three minutes
place for refreshments. The flower unscramble them, the first
on his invitation will be the guest's finish being the winner.
“password.”
Pin-the-stem-on-the-tnlip.
UNDING THE MAN
lion center, he has taken his general
Give each guest on arrival a copy flower party, the always popular
classification
test and his education,
of a list of flowers with their mean pin-the-ta il-on-tae-donkey
becomes
Every time a bomber or fighter civilian employment and hobbles all
ing. Besides giving his flower pass pin-the-stem-on-the-tulip.
plane rolls off the assembly line, have been entered on his soldier's
word, ask each one to act out the
Flower Fortunes. Write on each
the army air forces technical train qualification card that becomes part
meaning of his word.
of about 20 slips the name of a dif-
ing command turns out from 10 to 20 of his permanent record. This ini
,
ferent
flower.
Each
guest
draws
Flower Dictionary
men whose job it is to keep that tial classification takes place before
onp slip. The meaning of the flower
Aster. China......... ...I will think of It
plane flying.
With 185.000 planes the recruit is sent to the training
Balm........................ ... sympathy
drawn will be the outstanding char
Balsam.................... __ impatience
scheduled for construction in 1943, command and is only the beginning.
Chicory.................... ... frugality
acteristic
of
his
or
her
sweetheart.
the technical training command's
Cornflower, blue. ... loquacity
When assigned to the army air
If daisies are in blossom, each guest
Crocus...................... ... mirth
program assumes proportions be forces, the recruit goes from his re
Dandelion................ ...oracle
may
enjoy
discovering
his
“
true
Dogwood.................. .. .indifference
yond the wildest drcams of the most cruit reception center to a basic
Eglantine................ ...pleasure mixed with
love" by plucking the petals one at
mechanically minded people in the training center of the technical train
pain
a time as he says, "She (or he)
Elder........................ ... compassion
world.
ing command. The sifting and sort
Forget-me-not.... ... true love
loves me; she loves me not." These
Grass........................ .. .'usefulness
The task of the technical training ing process begins in real earnest at
games might well be played follow
Heliotrope............... ... constancy in love
command is first to find and then the basic training center.
Hollyhock................ ... ambition
ing refreshments.
Hyacinth, yellow. .. . flattery
train the mechanics, radio opera
At the time the soldier is assigned
Released by Western Newspaper Union.
.. sacrifice
Hyssop...............................................
tors. armorers, weather forecasters to a school or permanent station, his
Iceplant or vanpink rejection of proposal
Jasmin.................... ,. .cheer
and a host of other highly skilled qualification card, which by thts
Jonauil.................... ,. return of affection
Ladv slipper......... ,. capricious beauty
soldier-craftsmen. It’s a tremendous time contains a full biography of the
,.
fickleness
Larkspur................
assignment, one of the biggest and man. is sent as a part of his perma
Laurel...................... .. glory
Lavender................ .. silence, mistrust
most important of the war.
nent records to his new station.
. . sincerity
Lily..........................
Lily-of-the-valley . .return of happiness
And wherever he goes throughout
Classification is the secret of the
. grief, cruelty in love
Marigold................
technical training command's abili his army career, at home or over
. .happiness
Marjoram.............
Mint.......................... .. wisdom
ty to fit the round peg in the round seas, the soldier's qualification card
Myrtle...................... .. love
Nasturtium........... ,. patriotism
hole and not a square peg in a round accompanies him. Filed away with
. .slander
Nettle......................
thousands of others, each individual
hole.
. sad thoughts
Pansy......................
Penny royal......... , . flee away
Usually within 24 hours after the card, with all the coded information,
Pink, wild............. .. silliness
inductee reaches the recruit recep- can be found almost immediately.
Poppy, opium.... .. ablivion
Rose, led............... .. love
Although classification may seem
Rose, yellow......... ..decrease of love
better acquaintance
like an unromantic subject to the
Rosemary............... . .remembrance
Puppet Star Salesman
average man and has never been
Rue............................ .. repentence
Spiderwort............. .. esteem, not love
glorified in the Sunday supplement
Sunflower.......................
.. false ..
riches
For U. S. Stamp«, Bond« sections, it is the bedrock on which
Sunflower, dwarf.... adorer
Sweet brier
pleasure mixed with
the army air forces technical train
One of Chicago's citizens—Kukla ing command is founded. For the
by name—is proving that patriotism technical training command, the
isn't measured by size or age.
classification system spells the dif
For Kukla—six-year-old nobby- ference between hit-or-miss meth-
nosed puppet, who measures a bare ods and a scientific personnel selec-
foot in height—has chalked up thou tian.
sands of sales in his own personally
conducted
war savings campaign as
This babusbkaed Miss is Adah Po
lak, one of the girls taking the farm he staged his fifth performance se
course at the Farmingdale Stale In- ries in Marshall Field & Company's
stitute
of
Applied Agriculture, Victory Center.
By GABRIELLE
An entire series of skits—all
Farmingdale, L. I., to enable them
to take farm Jobs. The girls learn geared to the war theme—is includ
how to care for farm livestock, how ed in the repertory presented by
to milk cows, run incubators and do young Kukla and his creator. Burr
a lot more on the agricultural pro Tillstrom. Typical of the shows in
duction line. Miss Polak is sorting which falsetto-voiced Kukla plays
the leading role is “The Death of
and grading eggs here.
Hitler," with Russian-named Kukla
as the exterminator of the German
Illinois Woman Saves
Beast.
I
$1,200 on Fuel Bill
Hand-clapping at the close of a
performance is spurned by Kukla.
Using Farm’s Timber
As he says, he prefers “the clinking
How can I provide decorations and
of dimes and quarters at the stamp
Mrs. Adolph Pfantz of Tazewell booth.”
food for a children's party without
county. Ill., who has kept records
spending too much money?
Largest sales credited to Kukla's
Answer—Use red, white and blue of fuel costs for the past 30 years, persuasive powers included the pur
as your color scheme. Use a white reports she has saved approximately chases of eight $5,000 bonds in one
table cloth and red paper napkins. $1,200 during that period.
day in Victory Center.
In a recent letter to “Neighbor
Bake a round spice layer cake (with
Included among the well-known
out eggs) and use syrup for making Jim’’ Davis, extension forester of names who have played opposite
the icing. Color the icing blue and the University of Illinois college of Kukla in his skits are Fran Allison,
Prepare for spring by doing a real
decorate the cake to look like a agriculture, she stated that timber better known as radio's “Sister Em
clean-up
of your beauty aids. Group
drum. Use little flags around the growing on the farm was cut into mie," Eddie Dunn and Mary Ann
preparations together. Clean up the
cake for a centerpiece.
stove lengths and used both in the Mercer.
necks of bottles. Clean out your
At each place have a patriotic kitchen and two heating stoves dur
In addition to his work as A-l
Freshen up your
favor of some sort depending on ing the winter months. Wood is still salesman for stamps and bonds for powder boxes.
the age of the children. Serve ice used in a furnace which has been Uncle Sam, young Kukla has played dressing table. When all your make
cream and a soft drink and cake.
installed. Estimating her yearly sav a prominent role in the entertain up is properly co-ordinated, you can
Your young guests will be enchant ing at $40. Mrs. Pfantz finds that ment of men in the armed forces at do a really swift make-up job! Have
ed and your purse will hardly show wood is cleaner, makes fewer ashes various service men’s centers In things conveniently at hand when
you start to work.
the strain.
and eliminates soot.
the Chicago area.
Ledger Syndicate -WNU Features.
Using the British yardstick, a Lib
erty ship is rated at 7.100 gross tons.
American measurement will rate at
about 10.800 deadweight tons.
All of which makes for confusion,
to say the least.
To understand what ship tonnages
mean, you must first learn that nei
ther gross nor deadweight tons re
fers to the actual weight of a ship.
They are attempts to measure its
capacity to carry cargo. A ship's
weight is far less important to her
owner than the amount of revenue
producing cargo she will carry.
In arriving at the deadweight of
a ship you measure the volume of
Ground Observer Corps
Seans Sky Day and IMjghl
To Fry Eggs
In Pottery Skillets
Left
er Manto and ’h
poup
tfrs tp
turn pv»i. i'
I
Judge John T. I oughran n shou ri / loft ) plientng im a s< pnrt tn
pitture al thè righi Wiss Jane llolcomb ani! Viri. Lorritine hnnrtm
are shown al thè post doing an estro shift together. 1 ’
Eggspert Fariner
Mrs. Margaret l.ogan, beauti
Dr. Murray IL Greene, chirop
cian, who is an assistant chief ob odist, who serves al the post from
server at the post.
12 to 2 each IIednesday
Flying Fortresses Ride Out Storm of Fire\
Riddled with enemy anti-aircraft 1942, during which unusually heavy
and interceptor airplane fire, which fire from anti-aircraft and fighters
knocked out several crew members was encountered.
and partially wrecked the airplanes,
Capt. James J. Griffith Jr., air
two B-17 Flying Fortress bombers corps, 112 College avenue, Prince-
were able to return safely to bases ton, W. Va., commanding one of
in England, according to combat the bombers, reported that the first
reports from the Eighth air force, two -bursts of flak encountered
the war department announced to struck the right wing flap behind the
inboard engine of his plane, tearing
day.
The Fortresses were part of a for away two square yards of fabric.
mation participating in the raid A third burst smashed a 12-inch
against Lille, France, on October 9, hole in the fuselage.
Serving with the coastal command of the Royal British air force,
this American-built Flying Fortress hovers protectingly over a United
Nations convoy for Africa with the sinews of war. This Is one of the first
photographs of a Flying Fortress serving in this capacity.
Local citizen» sit in on a meeting to discuss observation post matters.
I