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I'tlllUSIIKU
KVKIIY BATUUDAY MOKNINO
-iiy-
WEDSTEn, HACKER & LOCKHART,
Mnridifluld, Coon Co., Or.
Tonus, In Ailrnnrc.
One year
Six muiiths -Three
months
- $2 GO
'1 GO
1 00
ornciAii pai'ijh op coos go.
TllO B'rlMolpICN of I,4n HHlt
.Iim'Knom Tor tin) Itnn f HuIiooIn,
N. Y. Tiibuno.
Wo havo on our table ft "New School
HlHttiry of tlio United Stuto of Amor
ion,'" by .1 H. Blackburn, l'rincipnl of
Folomuo Acudomy, Alcxnndila, Vir
ginia, nml W. N. McDonald, A. M ,
I'rincipnl of tlio Mulo High Soliool of
Louis. Wo, Kentucky, It in publish
oil by William J. 0. Dulnny ,fc Co.,
Baltimore Tlio copy boforo us 1 dal
od 18S0, nntl purports to bo of the
"elovonth edition rovUoil." Wo nmy
f.ilrly uhsuuio, thoiofoio, Hint it on
joys an cxlensivo circulation in tlio
icgion for which it in manifestly writ
ton, nnl that it nets forth tlio latest
yeanlings Tor fraternity ami concilia
tion. Tho author bcliovo that their
itr tho only school history of tho
United SlntcH which moot "tho de
mand of tho present oocaoion."
Tholr object wnM not merely to fur
nish Bouthcin chool with a book in
which tho gallantly of Southern sol
diois should receive it duo recotrni
(ion, but to teach tho young that tho
Southern causo wis cloinally right,
nml that tho Southern people aro now
crushed under n vile despotism, Tho
South w.i beaten by a vaiioty of er
ror nml accident; but nothing
whatever lui been Hotlled by tho
war; not slavery; not even accession.
Such a history can havo no other ten
dency, of coui, than to encourage
the next generation to try tho Lost
Cause again ; and that wo do not
doubt Ih what tho teacher all over
tho South who havo distributed ten
edition, and now call for an clevouth,
hopo anil expect from it. Mcsr.
lllnckburn and Mo Donald begin with
11 zealous defense of slavery in coloni
al days, n tho "natural condition of
the African," and a "menu of spread
ing tho blensln;; of Christianity." It
is truo that thcio wus in hoiiio place
11 "sontiiiioutal prejudice against it "
mid Ogletbinpo, in his Georgia plan
tullon, prohibiled slavery and rum.
Uiulor tlii policy, however, "tho col
ony languished," and thoro wa no
pronpoiily in Georgia till Iho restric
tions wore repealed "and tho inhabi
tant wero poimittcd to enjoy all tlio
right anil privilege pertaining to
tho citizens of other colonic '" Vir
ginia wa settled by geuilomoii ; tho
Puritan colonists of Now England, on
tho contrary, belonged to tho lower
elussos; hated their 'Vooial und offi
cial superiors;" and piovoked tho
severity of tho Knglish Government
by "their open doflanco of all kgili
inato outhorily." In tho fnimlo of
tho Constitution, tho South "waived
lior right ton full representation of
hor slaves," Agreeing that only three
fifths of them should bo counted,
though iiono of thoni wero allowed to
vole; and sho "consented to ontor a
Ooverumonl in which tlio North had
a controlling majority," only because
sho expected soon to outstrip the
North. Tho nullification measure of
1802 would havo led to "civil war
between South Carolina and tho
General Government," if Mr. Cloy
had not carried a compromise
inonuio, which was accopted by Mr.
Calhoun." Tho North, however, af
ter persuading' South Carolina not
to fight, soon "violated her pledgo."
J f General Jackson should hear this
ho would turn over in hisg.-ave Tlio
history of tho struggle for tho exton
hIoii of slavery i told Iniofly, but with
the set purpose of showing, in doflanco
of facts that tho Noith wa porpotu
ally breaking pledge and invading
Southern right. Tho Missouri Com
promise was "dourly unconstitution
al," and therefore it was lightly ic
pealed as soon n tho South had got
all bIio could out of it.
Tho Itopubllcan party "wa enliio
ly actional In its princip'cs, and had
iioadhotciil In the Slave State."
Tho assent of tho South to tho exclu
sion of slavery fiom tlio N01 lb west
Territory wus a great mistake, slnco
that doveloped "sectional antagon
ism." Wo ought to have had slavery
ovorywhoio, and then theio would
havo boon no sectionalism, "Tho
politician," thirsting for distinction
at any piicc, "fcouglit that aminonco
which thoy had failed to get in an
honorablo way, by appealing to tho
moro sollUh and more violent passion
of tho people;" and tho coiuoquonco
wa tho election of ' Alji.iliam Liu
coin, a sectional candidate," as Presi
dent of tho United States. "A largo
portion of tho .Southern peoplo ro.
garded his election under thoulioiun
(dance a a virtual (oninionconiont
of hostilito. Thoy assorted that for
yours thoy hud boon prevented by
mob vlolonco from onjoylng their
constitutional rights in tho North!
Ihut tho spirit of abolitionism would
now, under the countonnnco, and by
moans of, Federal power, nssiuno tho
iggrosso; ami that it was time for
'ctii(QitbniidotiAOovorninont,wliloh
COAST
VOL. H.
had fallen into tho hand of their
avowed onomies." It was alleged
that tho tight of secession wa a nec
essary part of the sovereignty of each
State, and that "tho proporly, live,
and liberty of tho citizens wero threat
ened by tho aggreivo aspect of Iho
incoming Administration." Tlio au
thor of this school-book plainly in
tlmuto that tho reasoning and as
sumption of tho Southern peoplo
woio entirely right. Tho Southern
Senator and Representatives who
left tholr reals in Congiesn to tako
pail in tho Rebellion wcio "driven to
till last resort of honor by their polit
ical onomies;" and their petitions,
liko their threats, wero answered
by "looks of nnimosty."
In tho nnrrativo of military opera
tions tlio Confederates aro so victori
ous against overwhelming odd that
tho final rurrondor at Appomattox be
comes incomprehensible. The Fed
eral hordes aro almost invariably
routed by a handful of heroes. Wado
Hampton is perpetually putting Sher
idan to Might. Hood regularly beat
Sherman. Hancock is never njen
tioncd; the battle of Williamsburg,
wliero McClcllau say that Hancock'
behavior was so brilliant, and Forney
fays that Hancock entered "a sort of
unconscious vestibule," is converted
into a disgraceful defeat of the Fedcr
ul forces; Rosccran was thrashed at
Stono River; Loo thrashed Grant all
iho way through tho Wilderness;
Gettysburg was a drawn battlo; Uut
ler at Now Orleans "used tho inct
studied mode of tyranny and torturo
to bow tho heads and break tho heart
of tho dofcncless citizen ;" ho and
hi officer pilliagcd private house ;
and ho informed tlio city by a gener
al order "that nil females who in ativ
way manifested sympathy for tho
boutli would bo exposed to the inso
lonco of his soldiers," an order for
which, "by tho common consent of
Europe and America," ho received
tlio namo of "Ileast." At tho second
battlo of Manussas, tho Federal com
mander wa "an olllcer by tho namo
of John Popo;'' his troops ran away,
and ho himself never stopped until ho
found himself safa in Washington.
Whilo the Northern army is being
miissacied at Fredericksburg, "the
hero Durnsido is sitting upon a com
manding eminence two mites in the
rear, and across tho river, calmly
viewing tho whole scene with his tolo
scope." Colonel Ellsworth wa "n fa
mous rough and circus rider."
The North lecruitcd her armies by
hiring "European mercenaries." "Tho
South had nothing but her gallant
children to put in the field, and thus
she was condemned to stake her most
precious jewel against the hah of
Europe." Tho South wa a nation of
cavaliers, "peculiarly fitted by blood,
climate, institutions, and education to
contend in defense of their rights
witli a world in arms." At tho North,
"handsome youths joined tho army
for tho privilege of wearing tho but
tons," and "every potty officer found
himself a horo." "A rcapcctablo por
tion of tho Democratic party at tho
North wero opposed to tho war, and
never ceased to cry out against it.
To suppress this opposition, harsh
meusure woro resorted to by tlio
Federal authorities, and ninny of tlio
anti-war leaders wore imprisoned.
Tho opposition culminatod, however,
whon an attempt was mado to fill up
tho ranks by means of a general draft."
The Northern soldiors bomg repre
sented in general as baso hirclinss,
tho authors of this disgraceful book
naturally find nothing to praiso in
the Northern commandors. It is a
fact that thoy havo not ono word of
appreciation oven for the purely mili
tary achievements of our greatest
leaders; not ono word to show that
Grant, or Sherman, or Sheridan, or
Jiloml, or Furragut, or Footo, or David
D. Portor, orGilmoro, or Dupont, or
Georgo II. Thomas, or Rosccrans,
over did anything romarkablo. Sev
eral of theso hUtorla name aro not
mentioned ; and as a rulo all subor
dinate ollloers on tho Northern side,
i.o mattor what tholr rerord--IIaii
cock, for instance, Kearney, Biimuor.
W. F. Smith, Sotlgwieli, Frunkliti,
Reynolds, MePherson, Wurroij, Ous
terarc passod unnoticed. In tlio
case of Grant, Sherman, Farragut
and Lincoln -cortalnly four of the
greatest figures iu tho history of our
time tho lirjuatfcotof silenco Is car
nod so far ns to bo ludicrous. Very
diiroront s tho treatment accorded to
Iholoadors'of tho South. Thoy aro
all hei&tfl'tif tho first magnitude Leo
WjgwWfoly ft great general and a
gcnman, but "ho wus an officer of
tho United Btatos Army above io
pronch." Jcll'erson Davis was "no ex
tremist (1), yet resoluto iu the do
fomo of tho rights of his section."
Tlio South could not havo boon con
quered if iho had not been weakened
MARSHFIELD,
by Internal dissensions s "In tlio his
tory of tho world a united people,
struggling for liberty, havo never boon
subjugated."
It is of llttlo coiisequoiico that
Messrs. lllnckburn und McDonald,
and many liko them, entertain tho
animosities which aro displayed in
this book. It is of great consequence
that false views of history and'rovolu
tlonary theories of politic aro taught
in tho Southorn schools; that the
rising generation is educated to re
pent tho wickedness and follies of its
fathers, that tlio peace and justico wo
havo bought at so great a price aro
thus secretly imperiled by tho irro-
concilablo fanatics to whom tho South
sees fit to trust tho training of the
young.
M'lio Hero orilnftlo Koclc.
Port On'ord Post.
Capt. Ticlicnor ha furnished us the
names of tho nine men left by him 0:1
Rattle Rock Juno Oth, 1851, and who
held that famous defenso situated in
our harbor, from tho Oth to tho 20th
of that month abandoning it the
night before the Captain returned in
tho steamer Columbia. The names
of the littlo band wero
W. II. Kirkputrick, Capt. J. H.
Egan, Joseph Hussoy, Cyru Heddcn,
McCiinc. Ridcouf, R. Summers,
P. D. Paimor and Slater.
Kirkpatrick wa in Idulio early in
the history of that Territory, and ran
for Delegate in Congress against E.
D. Holbrook, subsequently assassinat
ed in that Territory by ono Douglass,
and defeated ; he aftorwurd located in
Linn county, this State, following his
trade as a stair-builder, contructiug
tlio now Court House stairs in Albany,
for Perry Watson, the contractor. He
is now in Napa county, (Cal.) wc be
lieve. Egan is a sign writer in Port
land. Palmer resided for many years
nt Salem, but left thcro some six years
since, going to Southern California.
Returning to San Francisco, ho en
gaged in tho saloon business. From
there wo learn ho wont to British
Columbia. Heddcn is a morchant at
Scnttsburg, and Ralph Summnrx is
said to bo somowliero in tlio vicinity
of tho mouth of tho Unipqua.
The Indians, although they agreed
not to molest tho men before Capt.
Tichenor's return to the place, opon
cd the attack upon tho men on the
rock tho day following their taking
possession. Tlio fighting was contin
uous almost during tho cloven da
tho men occupied tho stronghold ;
the casualties being twenty-fivo sav
ages killed, and ono or two of the men
receiving slight wounds from arrows.
By a voto of five to four, the project
of abandonment wis carried ; tho ma
jority preferring tlio great hazard of
finding tholr way out of a country of
whoso geography thoy kucw absolute
ly nothing, witli tho chances strong
ly in favor of encountering tho In
dians in force, and all being slain.
Thoy all cocuped, howover, and got
out to tho settlements in tho valloy.
IV1HIIY.
.11 r. Nimby PtliiUcu n Pnllmtlu
Appvul to tlio Deinocracy of
tlio Norlli.
Tolei'o Blade.
Confkdhit X Roars,
'ekyJ
5S0. )
(wicli is in the btutu uv Kcntue
Sont.J27. 18S0,
Ef tho Dimocrisy uv tho North
cood only renlir.o tho coiidishn tho
Dimocrisy uv tho South is in, thoy
wood put on thcr armor, and novcr
lay it oil' till tho last voto wuz polled.
Tho condishn uv tho South is pitia
ble in tho eggstremc, and onless im
mojit roleof Is extended nobody kin
bo unsorublo for tho consokenecs.
Tho mountlns is full uv distillers,
wieh is boin huntid by a tiruniklo
Govormont. Tlio rites uv tlio citizens
uv tho South to manufaktcr titer
corn into whisky, and soil that whisky
without payin any tax onto it, is dis
pootod. Fcdrol rovonoo agonts, back
ed up by armed men, is a scourin tho
mnuiitlus, and whon a moonshiner is
caught, his likker is couflskatod, and
his still destroyed, IC wood bo BUthin
of tho likker wuz brot down to tho
villages and distribbitid to tho citi
zens, but it i not. Tho bed uv tho
burls aro ciooolly stovo in, and tho
prcshus fiooid is drank up by tho non
upprcoiativo earth, wioli hez no bow
els that neod it,
Ovor 30,000 gallons hov bin thus
diatroyed within 10 milos uv tho Cor
nors, this j'Qor. Think uv tlio Dlmi
crnts that this likkor wood hov mado I
Think uv tho comfoit that likkor
wood hov bin to mo and Dcokin Po
grom I
But it is lost forovor.
Wo want a Congris that will keep
tho tlix on likkor, but wo want a Pres
ident and ft Treasury Dopartmont
that will not collect tho tax in tho
South. Ef .tho tux wur removed tho
North wood undersoil it, and distroy
this revenoo, but by mukin the North
TECEJ
OR., SATURDAY. OCTOBER 23, 1880.
pay tlio tax and hcvin rovinoo ofllcors
that wood not collect it in the South,
this industry cood bo maintained.
u wum, 1110 tax on tcroackcr re
peeled entirely, ccptin on sich varie
ties oz they raiso in Iho North. Our
Northern fiicnds must rtnicnibcr
that tho heaviest tux we.pay'ison tor
backer, and it heat heavily onto our
people. Tho impoverished Soutli
need a heap uv niissin, jist now, and
this would bo help for 11, only sek
kond to a proper arrangornont of the
likkor interest
Then wc must hov tho offlies. The
Dimocrisy uv the South lost their la
bor when tho feend and goriller, Lin
kin, emansipatid tlio niggers, and tho
Southern gentleman is altogether loo
hawty to porfonn manyooel labor his
self. Next to nigger labor, ho is
adapted to lioldin light and easy olli
ces, wboro the Iaber isn't too hefty,
and tho pay is ample. The olliscs i
all in tho hands uv tho Radikcis now,
and wo languish. All our interests
languish. Not. bcin Postmaster, I
hov no money to spend at Bascom's,
and ho mourns. Not bcin collector,
M'Pelter hez been obliged to put a
mor.gago on his farm in favor uv
B.iscpm, wich Bascom don't want, cz
ho hez to pay cash for likker in Loois
ville. We want theso places ourselves,
and wo must hov cm.
Then wo want to bo ehoor uv bcin
ircc irom any iiucricrenco witli our
system uv iaber. Wo perposo to hov
the nigger back to his normal con
dishen iu soma shape or another,
wicli wo kin never do so long ez ab
lishnists'aro at the bed uv things in
Washington, and the Govcrmcnt is
controlled by u Radikol Congriss.
Republikin Govcrmcnt is a standin
menace to the South.
It ain't necessary for mo to refer to
the payment uv our claincs for losses
doorin tho war, and thopensliunin uv
our Confedrit heroes. That is the
very first thing to bo done, for what
the Soutli needs is capitic.
Wo hov now chimes before Congris
wich amounts to several billions, and
we must hov a Congiis wieh will pay
them claincs, and a President wicli
won't veto tlio bills. Wo arc suflerin
for this money. Dcekin Pogr.im hez
a clamo in for a hundred mules that
Morgan ceczed, and tho poor old man
on tho vorg uv tho grave, wants the
money. I hov a clonic in for a pen
shun for scrvis in the Looizcancr Pel
ikins. audi want it to smooth my
pathway to tho toom.
Wc shan't bo hard upon the Gov
crmcnt. We shcl want a nart uv it
cash down, and tho balance in bonds.
To mako the down payment the Gov
ormoi.t kin islioo greenbax, wicli by
incieasii) tho volhrn uv tho currency
wood stimoolato trade, and the bonds
mito inn fuiover ef intrest wuz
promptly paid. Yoo sco wo aro ie.is
onable. Wo don't want to embarrass
nobody.
Pay theso clunios, penshun pur sol
jois, and givo us sich nppropriashens
cz wo want and the South will bo loy
al to tho Govormont so long cz it hez
a Govcrmcnt bond left. Js it likely
we'd ever rebel agin a Goveinicnt on
tho intiest uv whose debt wc wuz liv
in, and wicli wocontiolled? Thoro is
but 0110 way uv sootliin tho Southern
hart, and pacifyin the Southern soul.
Dimokrats uv tho North, to yoo we
appolo. Yoo seo tho fix wo aro in.
Ef a Southern plantor cood gq to1
work liko a Northorn farmer, it wood
bo diffront. Wo mito then recooper
nto ourselves. But it can't bo did.
Wo aro a proud, govornin.roolin race,
and must be crcd for cz sich. It wuz
tho North that took away our niggers,
and tlio North must tako titer place.
The South holds out its bauds to
you. Seo that wo aro notdisuppinted
agin. Petroleum V. Nasiiv,
(Munagor for Hancock.)
P. S. Bascom hex jist returned
from Injeany where ho wont to seo
tho Dimokratio Stato CommUtco to
sco of ho condon't iudooso om to sotid
soino money into Kontucky. English
sternly rofoozed, but said ho shood
pay sioh Kontuckians oz coino over to
Injeany to voto, liborally unci ovon
generously. Buscom don't liko it.
Wat good is Diniooracy to him, ho
soz, of they don't sond nionoy 'to
whoro ho i. Ho soz ho can't go over
to Injeany and start a bur. Ho
woodent voto for English ef ho cood
holp it.
A M'onl to Voters,
Col. Robeit Q, Ingersol,
I want to tell you what kind of com
puny you aro in. I want you to know
that 0 very man who thinks tho Stato
is greater than tho Nation, i a Demo
crat. Every man that dofondod shiv
ery is a Domocrut. Every man that
signed an ordiuauco of secession was
a Domoorat Every man that lower
ed out ling from the skies was u Dem-
MAIL.
ocrat. Every man that bred blood
hounds was a Democrat. Every
preacher that said slavery was a Di
vine ins'itution was a Democrat.
Recollect ill Every man that shot a
Union soldier was a Democrat. Ev
ery wound borno by you Union soldi
er is a souvenir of a Democrat. You
got your crutches from Democrats.
Every man that starved a Union sol
dier was a Democrat. Every man
that shot an emaciated maniac who
happened to totter across tho dead
I! .. 1M.,. ... ... ,-.. ...
iiuu, wiiu-n ncmsii grin on 111s lace
was a Democrat. Nice company
you're in I Tho keepers of Anderson
viilo and Libby, thoso wings that
will bear tho Confederacy to eternal
infamy, were all Democrats. There
wcielotsof splendid. Democrat. I
mean the War Democrat. I never
will have hard feelings against a man
who bared his breast in his country's
defense. The men who attempted to
spread yellow fever in your Northern
cities were all Democrats.
Garfield on tlie Tnrlfl.
The following is an extract from
a speech delivered by Gen. Garfield,
in House of Representatives, June 4tli,
1878. We commend its careful peru
sal: The men who created this Constitu
tion also set it in operation, and de
ve'opcd their own idea of its charac
ter. That idea was unliko any other
that then prevailed upon the earth.
They mado the general welfare of the
people the great source and founda
tion of tho common defense. In all
tho nations of the Old World the pub
lic defenso was provided for by great
standing armic, navies, and fortified
posts, so that tho nation might every
moment be fully armed against dan
gcr without or turbulence within.
Our fathers said : "Though wo will
use the taxing power to maintain a
small Army and Navy sufficient to
keep alive the knowledge of war, yet
tho main reliance for our defense
shall bo the intelligence, culture, and
skill of our peoplo ; a development o
f
our own intellectual and material re
sources, which will enable us to do
cvertlting that may be necessary io
equip, clothe, and feed ourselves in
time of war, and mako ounsolvcs in
telligent, happy, and prosperous in
peace."
To loy the foundation for the reali
zation of these objeots was a leading
mottve which led to the formation of
tho Constitution, and was the earliest
and greatest object of solicitude in
tho First Congress.
Two days after the votes for Presi
dent wero counted, and long before
Washington was inaugurated, James
Madison roso in the first Houso of
Representatives and for the first time
moved to go into the Committee of
tho Whole on tho stato of tho Union,
for the express purposo of carrying
out the theory of tho Constitution to
provide for the common defenso and
tho general welfare, and on tho 8th
day of April, 1789, ho opened ft debato
which lasted several weeks, in which
was substantially developed cvory
idea that has since appeared save one,
tho notion that It was unconstitution
al to protect American industry. All
other phases of tho subject woro fully
and thoroughly handled in that first
great debate.
Our fathers hud been disciplined in
tho 8ovcro school of experience during
tho long period of colonial depend
ence Tho heavy hand of Britisli re
pression was laid upon all iheir at
'empts to become a solf-supporting
people Tho navigation laws and
commercial regulations of the mother
country were based upon the theory
that tin. colonics were founded for the
sola purposo of raising up customers
Lfor hor trado. Thoy wero allowed to
purchase iu British markets ulouo
any manufactured article which En
gland had to sell. In short, thoy
woro compelled to trado with England
on her own tonus ; and whether buy
ing or selling, tho product must bo
carried in British bottoms at tho cur
rier's own price. In addition to this,
a lovenuo tux of 5 per cent, w'ns im
posed on all colonial exports nnd im
ports, Tho colonists word doomed to tho
servitude of furnishing, by tho simp
lest forms of labor, raw materials fori
tlio mothor country, who arrogated
tohorsolf tho solo light to supply her
colonies with tho finished product.
To our futhors, iiulopoiutonco was
emancipation from this servitude
Thoy know that civilization advanced
from tho hunting to tho pastoral
state, fiom tho pastoral to tho agricul
tural, which has such charms for tho
distinguished gentleman from Vir
ginia, (Mr, Tucker.) But thoy also
know that no merely agricultural
peoplo had ovor beon ablo to rise to u
liigh civilization and to solf-supporting
independence They determined,
NO. 43.
therefore, to-maks their emancipation
completo by adding to agriculture tho
mechanic arte, which in their turn
would carry agriculture and all other
industries to ft still higher develop
ment and placo our people in the
front rank of civiiized and self-supporting
nations. This idea inspired
the legislation of all tho earlier Con
gresses. It found expression in tho
first tariff act of 1789; in the higher
rates of the act of 1790; and in the
st.ill larger schcdulo and increased
rates of ihe acts of 1797 and' 1800.---In
1800 the non-importation act
forbade tlio importation of British
manufactures of silk, cloth, nails,
spikes, brass, tin, and many other ar-
cles; and the eight years of embargo
witnessed a great growth in Ameri
can manufactures. When tlio non
importation act was repealed in 1814,
John C. Calhoun assured the country
that Congress would not fail to pro
vide other adequate means for pro
moting the development of our indus
tries ; and, under his lead, the protec
tive tirmof 181G was enacted.
I freely admit that revenuo is tho
primary object of taxation. That ob
ject is attained by existing law. But
it is an incidental and vitally impor
tant object of the law to keep in
healthy growth thoso industries
which aro necessary to the well-being
of tho whole country. If gentlemen
can show mo that this is, as they al
lege, class legislation which benefits
tho few at the expense of the many, I
will abandon it and join them in op
posing it. This is tho Legislature of
the nation ; and it should make laws
which will Hess tho whole nation. I
do not affirm that all the provisions
of tho existing tariff law are wise and
just. In many respects they arc badly
adjusted and need amendment. But
I insist that in their main features
they are national, not partial; that
the' promoto the general welfare,
and not the welfare of tho few at the
expense of tho many.
Let us glance at the leading jndus
tries which, under the provisions of
the existing law, are enabled to main
tain themselves in the sharp struggle
of competition with other countries.
I will name them in fivo groups. In
the first I placo the textile fabiics,
manufactures of cotton, wool, flax,
hemp, jute, and silk. From theso we
received during the last fiscal year
150,000,000, which is inoro than one
third of all our customs revenue.
It is said that a tax should not be
leied upon the clothing of the people
This would be a valid objection wero
it not for the fact that objects of the
highest national importance are se
cured by its imposition. That forty
five millions of people should bo able
to clotho themselves without helpless
dependence upon other nations is a
matter of transcendent importance
to every citizen. What American
can bo iuditTercnt to tho fact that in
tho year 1875 tho Stato of Massachu
setts alone produced 993,000,000 yards
of textile fabrics, and iu doing so con
sumed seventy-ilvo million dollars'
worth of tho products of fields and
gavo employment to 120,000 artisans?
In the second group I havo placed
the metals, including glass and chem
icals. Though tho tariff upon this
groug has been severely denounced
in this debate, tho rato does not aver
ago moro than 36 per cent, ad valor
cm, and tho group produced about
$14,000,000 of revenuo last year. Be
sides serving as 11 source of public
revenue, what intelligent man fails
to see that tho metals aro the basis of
nil tho machinery, tools, and imple
ments of ovory industry? More than
any other in tho world's history this
is tho ago when inventive genius is
banding all its energies to deviso
means to increase tlio effectiveness of
human labor. Tho mechanical won
dcrs displayed at our centennial ex
position arc a sumcicnt illustration.
1 he peoplo that cannot mako their
own implements of industry must be
content to take a very humble and
subordinate place in tho family of na
tions. Tho peoplo that cannot, at
any timo,by their own previous train
ing, arm and equip themselves for
war must bo content to exist by tho
8ufforanco of others,
I do not says no rates in this group
aro too high. Somo of thorn can safe
ly bo reduced, But I do say theso in
dustries could not havo attained thoir
present success without tho national
euro ; and to abandou thorn now will
prevent their continued prosperity.
In tho third group I pluco wines,
spirits, and tobacco in its various
forms which come from abroad. On
these rates of duty range from 85 to
93 por cent, ad valorem; and from
them wo collected last year $10,000,
000 of revenue. Tho wisdom of this
tax will hardly bo disputed by any
one
The Coast Mail?'
DEVOTED TO
A.X.I1 XiXvm xasvais.
THE INTEUE8T8 OF SOUTH
EKN OREGON ALWAYS
FOREMOST.
The Development of our Mines, tlio
Iniprovcmentof otirlinrlxirs, mid rail
road communication with tho Interior
specialities.
f I In the fourth group I have placed
imported provisions which come in
competition with tho products of our
own fields and herds, including bread
stuffs, salt, rice, sugar, mnlueses, and
spices. On these provisions imported
into this country wo collected last
year a revenuo of $42,000,000, $37,000,
000 of which was collected on, sugar.
Of the duty on the principal article
of this group I shall speak further on
in the discussion.
On tho fifth group, comprising,
leather and manufactures ofleather,J-
we received about $3,000,000 of leve
nue On the imports included in the five
groups I have mentioned, which com
prise the great manufacturing indus
tries of the country, wc collected
$119,000,000, more than 90 percent, of
all our customs revenue. I ask if it
be not an object of tho highest nation
al importance to keep alive and 'in
vigorous health and growth the in
dustries included in these groups?
Whatsort of peoplo should wo be if
we do not keep them alive? 8upposo
we wero to follow the advice of the
distinguished gentlemen from Virgin
ia Kr. Tucker when he said :
Why should wo make pig-iron when
witli Berkshire pigs raiced" upon our
farms wo can buy more iron pigs
from England than wo can get by
trying to make them ourselves? We
can get more iron pigs from England
for Bcrxshirc pigs than we -can from'
the Pennsylvania manufacturers.
Why, then, should I not be permitted
to send ihcre for them?
What ft market for our raw mate
rial, forourproducts.ifwoonly would
take tho hand which Great Britain '
extends to us for free trade between
us.
For a single season, perhaps, his
plan might bo profitable to the con
sumers of iron ; but if his policy were
adopted as a permanent ono it would
reduce us to n merely agricultural
people, whose chief business would be
to produce the simplest raw materials
I U 1 1 -!! 1 li 1 K. -
uj tiiu ica-.!, b.i,i uiiu culture, uiiu let .&
the men of brains of other countries"?'?'?
do our thinking for us and provide
for us all products requiring the cun
ning hand of the artisan, while we
would do compelled to do ,the drudg
ery for ourselves and for them.
(Continued onOd page.)
Ths Blue and tho Gray For
fx.se.
Detroit Free Tress. ,
On a Michigan central train the
other day was a passenger who had
lost his right arm. Soon after the
train pulled out of Detroit he began
talking with those around him in
regard to the political candidates,
claiming 10 have served Under both.
That led some one to inquire how
and where be lost his arm, and he
replied :
"It was down in tho wilderness,.
We wero charging on the enemy's
line. A bullet struck my arm,
cruehed the bone and I fell uncon
scious. When I was restored to
consciousness I was in the hands of
the Confederates. Indeed, a soldier
was going through my pockets.
When ho discovered that I was alfvo
ho was about to bayonet me, but a '
corporal sprang forward, knocked
the wretch down and saved my Mo."
While he was telling this a man
with his left arm gono had risen
from his seat and camo nearer, and
as tho other finished he bent forward
and said :
"I am that very corporaU I- re
member tho incident as if 'it-happened
only yesterday. I had you
conveved to an old log barn over on
tho right."
''Yes, yes let us shake hands,
let us shake hands let us embrace I
Thank heaven that. I have found
you out. How came you here I" ,
"1 nave been to iJctroit to tie treat
ed for cancer; but there is no longer
any hopo. I am going home to go
to tho poor-nouse, and mere end
mv duvs. I haven't a shillinc or
a friond."
"And I am going to tho poor
house as well," replied tho other,
"I havo consumption, and as I am
penniless I must go and die among
pauncrs."
Then they embraced some more,
and seemed to weep. Ono passen-
!;er fished up 50 cents and passed ' '
lis hat, and in fivo minutes a col
lection amounting to 3.50 was di
vided between them, Everybody
said it was a shame, and ono old'
man seemed willing to adapt thorn
both if they would go onto Illinois.
But they didn't; they got off st
Dearborn, and it was a quarter 'pf
an hour after boforo a commercial
drummer dared to mko the str.to- .
ment that both chaps lived in Do- .
troit 5 both lost their arms by acci
dent, nnd thnt they had played tho
snmo game over and over on ovcry
railroad in tho State.
'
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