Tuning Radio Set
Simple Operation
Every Fan Should Be Famil
iar With Details on
This Subject.
Tuning a radio receiver la an art
but It la the sort of art within the
reach of every one. The alnipte proc
esa o f twisting the dials or setting the
controls makes or murs the fullest en-
Joym At of broadcast reception.
In tuning the human ear plays Just
as Important u part as In operating a
player piano, or, for that matter, In
playing a good piano by hand. We all
know that many a line piano or player
piano has been made to sound “ tin
pnnny" by some one with no eur for
music. In such cases the person play
lug or operating the player Instrument
really thought the music produced wus
beautiful. Today countless radio sets
arc meeting the same fate at the bands
of their owners, and sad to relnte, even
storekeepers and their salesmen In
many Instances hnve no adequate con
ception of how to rightly tune In the
broadcast programs. O f course, there
has been a wonderful Improvement In
the trade In this respect, and whut 1
have stated and am about to stute ap
plies In greater and wider degree to
the general public.
Important Is the matter of tuning
properly that even a poor comblnatloti
cun be bettered by careful adjUKtineui
of tlie dials and controls. Every one
qualified to judge knows of cases
where a good receiver has been com
blned with a speaker of Inferior qual
Ity with the result that the set did not
yield true vocal and Instrumental
tones with no characteristic element
of beauty lacking, no unnatural quality
added.
People seem to expect performance
from rudlo that, under similar condl
tlons, they wouldn't have any hope of
exacting from, say, a motor car. The
finest cur In the world would be a dud
with poor oil, poor gas or some one at
the wheel who didn't understand how
to run It. Radio, by comparison, is
simplicity Itself to operate, but, like
everything else In this world of ours.
It must be handled properly.
Take the operation of one’s tuning
In u distant station. It would never
do In most cases to leave the controls
In the aaine position when switching
back to a local stutlon.
Distortion
again. There must be readjustments
for variations In power and character
istics of local stations. Let your ear
be the guide In ail cases. Any one can
recognize a rattle in the loud speaker
— no doubt that's a high ami loud note
coming In with a tremendous bang—
tune It down until you know It's com
lng In nicely; that’s all there Is to this
business o f tuning for tone. Inclden
tally, the advice I give Is not for the
old-line radio fan who has been
What Affects Tuning.
through the ropes, hut for the average
When we have come In radio to a citizen «desirous o f getting the most
reproduction of true vocal and Instru out of his set
mental tones whut a pity that recep
tion Is marred because tunny who tune
In either are unahle to Judge tone T ransf ormer-Coupled
quality or else they want volume be
Audio Amplification
yond the capacity of the number of
Transformer-coupled audio amplifi
tubes In operation.
cation, which for some time bowed to
Even tubes have their limitations, resistance and Impedance coupling,
and when distortion occurs, not only agnln takes up Its position among the
when Inferior speakers are used, hut leaders. The reason is clear enough.
when the more powerful ones are com Resistance and Impedence couplings
bined with sets, It Is usuully the result were far superior, In quality of output,
o f forcing the set to a greater extent to the old
transformer method,
than the tube In the Inst uudlo stage for which only very mediocre truiis
will stand.
• ^
formers were available. With the ad
This forcing mny be done Intention vent of many high-quality transform
ally, as In the case of dealers with ers, such as those of I’acent, General
loud speakers outside their stores who Radio, Ferranti, Amertrnn, Samson,
purposely “ force” the apparatus In or Silver-Marshall, Thordarson, All Amer
der to ohtnln volume rather thnn tone ican, etc., a return to popularity of the
quality, for attention only. In other transformer-coupled amplifier was pre
words, such dealers sncrltlce tone dicted, and this quickly proved to be
value for advertising value. There Is the case. A short article, prepared by
no doubt, though, that the rnucous the technical staff of Radio BroHd-
blasts emanating from many such out caat Magazine, has the following to
side loud speakers create a false Im say about the transformer-coupled am
pression In the minds of some people, plifier:
especially with those who have never
“ The
conventional
trapsformer-
had an opportunity o f listening In un eoupled amplifier consists of two
der fnvorahle conditions.
stages. The overall amplification of
Then there Is the set owner who such a system is generally around 300,
"likes It loud” and leaves his dials In and this is sufficiently high to give loud
such position that the loud tones come speaker reproduction with a moder-
through so distorted that the result ately strong signal available ut the
Is simply a maelstrom of noise.
output of the detector. The trans
An exceedingly simple method to former-coupled system has the ad
follow In tuning Is to adjust your set vantage that only two stages are re
to the loudest notes of the orchestra quired and can. therefore, he made
so as to avoid distortion. Let me ex quite compact. The plate current con
plain how this will work out. Sup sumption of such an nmplltler Is falr-
posing you had happened to tune In rt ly low and only moderately high volt
the moment when, according to the ages are necessary on the tirst stage.
particular composition being played, The quality of the results obtained de
an especially soft passage wa being pends primarily upon the transforne
rendered, written, we'll suy In musi ers used and, for this reason, a cer
cal parlance, “ pianissimo.”
Hearing tain amount of care Is necessary In
the music coming In very s o ft ly - choosing the transformers that are to
granting that you were not an acceni- he Incorporated in such an ntuplltler.
piished musician—you would turn up
“ The transformer feeding out of the
the volume control so as to bring the detector stage should have a primary
broadcast In louder. Even at that mo Impedance that Is somewhat higher
ment distortion may have set In, but than Is necessary for that transformer
because of the fact that the original used In the second stage. The higher
music Itself was being played very Impedance Is necessary In the trans
softly you probably would pass It by former feeding ou{ of the detector
unnoticed. leavin g the controls set tube due to the fact that the detector
In this fashion, what Is likely to hap plate circuit generally has a some
pen In a few moments when a “ fortis what higher Impedance than the plate
simo,” or very loud passage. Is reached circuit of u tube used h s an amplifier.
by the orchestra? Recognizable dis
“ If two transformers o f different ra
tortion. Your ear tells you something tios are to be used, the rule Is almost
Is wrong. You readjust the dials and Invariably to place the low-ratio trans
Boon- If you have a good set and former In the second stage. For com
speaker—you get real music. And If mercial reasons, most manufacturers
you know how to tune you will leave put a fixed number of turns on the
the dials set In this manner even «ev’otidarles of their transformers Ir
though a few moments later the vol respective of the ratio required. The
ume dies down to the “ faintest whis different ratio values are then ob
per.”
For- unless something else Is tained by winding on the necessary
wrong either at the broadcasting sta number of primary turns, this latter
tlon or with your apparatus— the score figure, o f course, varying proportion
requires again the playing o f soft ally with the ratio. Thus, the lower
music and you are getting It Just as the ratio, the greater the number of
the person attending a concert would primary turns, nnd likewise, the
get It, namely, as written.
greater the primary Impedance. Proper
1 might call this tuning for tonal T ” battery on the amplifier tubes is
qnnllty, as distinguished from the tech absolutely essential If good quality Is
nical necessity o f setting the dials at to be obtained. The ‘C battery volt
the right position In order to bring In age on th»' first stage should not be
a particular station. Don't think for a higher thnn Is necessary.
moment that It requires an exception
" I f a 171 tube Is used tn the last
al musical ear to tune for tonal qual
ity In a proper manner. All of us are stnge with a 4t*-volt ‘O’ bias, we can
able to distinguish between noise and impress signals on the grid of this
music particularly, as I have ex tube which have a peak value up to
plained, when that miracle known as 40 volts. I f the transformer has a
sound pours from the speaker In Its ratio o f 4 to 1, the peak value o f the
voltage In the primary will be trt volt*.
louder manifestations.
I f a 'JOt-A tube Is used In the Inter
tom « Ofh«r Consideration«.
stage. we can obtain the value of peak
Other considerations sometimes en voltage on Its grid hy dividing the
ter snd proper tuning o f th« sort de voltage In the plate current. 10 by the
scribed Is predicated upon a good re amplification constant, of the toby S,
ceiver, a go«d speaker and good tubes. which gives 1»« volts. It follows then
Wrong combinations would, of course, that a t * battery Mas of IVfc volts on
be a good set and a poor speaker or a the first tube will be sufficient to pre
poor set and a good speaker. Rut so veut overloading.”
THE
KITCHEN
CABINET
INSTALL
CHAMPIONS
<&. 1S17 W u ia rn N »w »l> «P -r Uaion.*
To set in« fac# In tn« right direc
tion. snd then limply to trevel on,
unmindful ana never discouraged
by «veD frequent relaps^a by tb®
way, le
the eecret of human
achievement.
NOW
FOOD, ITS FUNCTIONS
No housekeeper who reads the cur
rent magazines
should he Iguorant
In regard to the
imp o r t a n c e of
food study.
To
know why her
child is not thriv
lng and to remedy
It with properly
balanced food is
something every
mother should learn.
There are a few general principles
which If learned and borne in mind
when supplying the food for the fain
lly will feed them correctly. First in
Importance Is the point that all Iain
Hies differ more or less as to needs.
The outdoor worker who Is doing
hard labor can eat, digest and thrive
on foods that would be injurious to an
Indoor worker. The growing child
who is active will consume and care
for as much food as the average man,
because he Is building a framework
and covering It with good heulthy
muscles. Food supplies the body with
whut It Deeds for growth and energy
There are certain elements which
are essential to support life; many
of them ure found In small quantities
In the body. When any one of these
Is lacking the heulth begins to break
These elements are carbon, oxygen,
nitrogen, sulphur, phosphorus. Iron,
calcium, potassium, sodium, lodlnt
and several others of smaller amounts
The foodstuffs which furnish these
elements are:
1‘ rotelns which yield enrhon, hydro
gen, ox.vgen, sulphur end sometimes
Iron and phosphorus.
Proteins are found tn lean meat,
flsh, eggs, milk, cheese, peas, beuns
and lentils.
Futs are found It meat, butter,
cream, vegetable oils, yolks of egg
and nuts.
Mineral matter Is found tn water,
fruits, green vegetables, meat, milk,
whole wheat and other grains, und egg
yolk.
Carbohydrates are found tn rice,
other cereals, potatoes, other starchy
vegetables, fruit, honey and sugar.
The fats which yield carbon, hydro
gen and oxygen— these are the heat
producing. In cold weather we need
more of such food to keep up the
body heat.
Easy Luncheon Dishes.
With u cooky Jar always replenished
Hnd a dish of fruit with a hot drink,
one need never worry
about an appropriate des
sert. For something dlf
ferent try:
Jelly Fluff.—Take the
white of one egg, unbeat
en und one-half of a
glass o f Jelly, beat until
the mixture stands up
well.
Heap In sherbet
cups and t op wi t h
whipped cream.
C a ra m e l
C o rn s ta rc h
P u d d l n g.—
A druggist who wanted to sell elec
tric waffle Irons was advised to em
ploy an attractive young woman to
cook waffles In the store. He was as
sured that the scheme would boost
sales.
“ How did It turn out?” asked his
dviser.
“ A smart gink married the girl the
first week.”
THEN HE W ENT
O nce again Champion
rem inds y o u that to
e n jo y m axim um en
gine performance dur
ing the next twelve
m on th s y ou should
install a complete new
set o f spark plugs now.
Champion is the better
spark plug because of iM
douhU-rihbed liilimun-
ite core — its two-piece
construct! m and its spe
cial analysis electrodes «
Champion X —
fo r Ford•
6cy
C h a m p io n —
Cmrt other
than Fords
75^
C h a m p io n
SparfÇPlugs
T O LED O .
OHIO.
Callouses
He (at midnight)— I feel all wount
up this evening.
She (w earily)— Your main spring
must be broken, or you’d surely go.
Quick, safe, sure relief from
painful callouses on the feet.
At all drug and ¡hot stores
D r Scholl's
Z in o-p a cls
P ut one I
pa in it g one
The Young Lawyer
"And if, my son,” the lawyer said,
“ My shoes you wish to fill,
Remember that I got my start
By working with a will.”
Just to Do Something
Dentist's Wife— We nust give the
mahl a little treat of some sort for
her birthday.
Dentist— All right. I’ll extract some
of her teeth free.—Berlin Nagels I.us-
tige Welt.
Fitting
She— I wonder why marriage Is
culled “ an institution?”
lie — Because it Is so hard to esenpe
from, I suppose.—New YotV Central
Lines Magazine.
Realism in the Movies
“ Your star shivered most nuturully
In that scene.”
"Had to.”
“ Heh?”
“ We put her on Ice.”
Heroic Sleeping
Sir Norman Rae said:
“ I like everything American except
your sleeping porch. The American
winter climate is a very cold one and
to sleep out in the open with the
thermometer ut zero Is a dangerous
thing to do.
“ ‘And you mean to say that you
sleep on this sleeping porch all win
ter long?’ I said to n frall-looklug
Indy in a western city.
“ ‘Yes, all winter long,’ said she.
" is n ’t it frightfully eolef?’
“ ‘Cold?’ snld the lady with n shiver,
indeed It is cold. Why. when Doctor
Gore took out my appendix last winter
it wns chapped.’ ”
You can fool some of the people
all of the time; and, maybe, they're
happy.
Silence may he golden, but a good
deni of speech Is brazen.
W hy W orry?
Dyer— Too had about Nibllek losing
all his money.
Gowfe— He should worry! He mnde
the course In two under par yester
day.
Rather Big-Hearted
Brown one-half cupful of sugar In a
Jerry— Is there only one cake of
smooth frying pnn. then add a pint ot soap?
Bellhop— Sure!
boiling milk; stir until the caramel Is
well dissolved then add two table
Jerry—Tell Hie night clerk I'll take
spoonfuls o f cornstarch well mixed another room. I must wash my face.
with a little cold mlln. Roll until the
starchy taste Is gone. Pour Into sher
GREATEST GOLD FIELDS
bet cups and chill.
Serve with a
spoonful of whipped «.ream on the top
of euch.
Snowballs.— Spread cooked rice over
squares of muslin wet with cold wu
ter. In the center pluce a ' canned
pear, peach or apricot. Tie carefully
and steam ten minutes. Remove the
cloth and serve with a sauce mad»
from the fruit Juice.
Beef Collops.— Put a tcblespoonfui
of butter L. a frying pun; add one
small onion chop|>ed tine, a teaspoon
ful of minced parsley, the same ot
salt, and a few dashes of pepper. Stir
“What are the world's greatest gold
In one tahles(H>onful o f (lour and add
fields.”
one pound o f raw beef cut fine. Cook
“ The Mg cities— yen'll find gold
five minutes, stirring constantly. Serve
diggers In every street.”
hot on buttered toast
Mock Terrapin.—Cut cooked calf's
Landing a Passenger
liver Into dice. Put a tahlespoonful ot
Ruth rod« tn my new cycU car
butter Into a saucepan, add salt and
In the sent In back of me;
pepper with a dash of paprika, and
I took a bump at flfty-flv*.
cook until the butter Is slightly brown;
And rode on ruthleeely.
add two .abiesiMtonfuls of flour and
enough heof stock to make a raoder
How Boy Friend Knew
ately tnlck sauce. Use beef extract
Daughter— You know, dad he al-
and water for the stock If needed. Add
ways said he'd never marry until the
a little chopped parsley, one-half cup right girl came along.
ful of cream, two hard-cooked eggs
Dad—Well, how doe« he know you
cut line, a tahlespoonful of lemon are the right one?
Juice and the liver. Cook until the
Daughter—Oh. I told him I wa*.
liver Is heated through, add two table-
spoonfuls of Jelly or any canned fruit
His Favorite Brand
Juice and serve at once on buttered
Dave— Have you another cigar like
toast
the one you gave me yesterday?
Ro»1— Yeah.
Dave—Fine. I want to break my
v rtliL brother of the habit o f smoking.
For In d ig e s t io n , D y s p e p s ia , « tc.
R elieve« D is t r e s s a lt e r H u rrie d
M e a ls o r O v e re a tin g.
B e in g a
ge n tle lax ative , It k e e p s th e d i
g e stiv e tr a c t w o r k in g n o r m a lly .
30c & 90c. At all Druggists.
C. 0. G R E E N , In c . W O O D B U R Y , N. J.
SKIN BLEMISHES
pimples, blackheads, etc., cleared
eway easily and at little cost by
^
Resinol
Keep Stomach and Bowels Right
* Bjr fflTtair bab? th « harmless. pnrcly
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M !«. 1 MNM0 W5 STROP
brio?» a»tooi*hlng, gratifying rwalts
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harmful IngredL
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I A t A ll
! OrmmmUsm
CARBUNCOS
CARBOIL
Larboil draws out the core
_and Stves quick relief
A.
c tN tm o u s s o i BOM
At AU Dru«aiit» — Money hack ûu»r«n(ee
k CO
f M i s v u t . r »w s e .