DEMOB
LlAIN FOR
All IS CONSIDERED
War Department Reorganization
Plans Incomplete.
FUTURE IS UNKNOWN
What Size Army Will Ho When Peace
In Declared In Question Not
Wprkcd Out.
Washington, I). a Plans for reor
ganization of tho Wnr department and
tho Army nro in formulation by tho
general staff and noon will bo buforo
Secretary Hnlccr. Orders for tho ac
tual breaking iu of tho nrmy ennnot
bo promulgated until theso iilami aro
complotod, nn tho demobilization pro
gramma In dependent to somo extent
upon tho adoption of a reorganization
policy.
Tho secretary had Indicated now log
(itlatlon will bo nocosimry to carry out
tho reorganization and Ih oxpectod to
lay u dollntto programmo boforo con
grj nt tho earliest posslblo inoinont.
Existing law authorizes tho inalnto
nnnco of ti roKiilar army of approxl
maloly 37G.O0O mon. Whllo It 1 not
poBalbla to forecast tho number of
American troops that must bo em
ployed In Europe after tbo ponce
troatles havo boon signed, military
men bollovo tho authorized rogular os
tabllsliment cannot provldo an ade
quate forca for all purposes at homo
and abroad.
Of tho 3,700,000 mon under arms,
not moro than 100,000 aro undor obll
Katlon to sorvo beyond tho restoration
of poaco. Thoro woro 7000 officers
and about 120,000 mon In tho rogular
army when war was declared. Ex
plratlon of enlistments probably has
served to rcduco this considerably and
ull war-tlmo onllstmonts aro for tho
war period only. Thousands of offi
cers in Borvlco aro on tomporory com
missions in tho regular establishment.
Tho commissions woro Issued for a
dorinllo period of years and tho mon
might bo hold, although tho gonoral
attitude of tho dopartmont would not
Indicate- any Intontlon of holding hucIi
officers against their will when the
war emergency has passed.
Tho number of mon necessary to bo
maintained In Kuropo probably will bo
worked out by Oonoral Pershing's staff,
nnd slnco similar calculations for tho
United Stntoa nnd Its possessions nro
being mado horo It is oxpoctcd thnt
tho slzo of tho army for which It will
bo necessary to provldo soon will bo
reached.
Nation Preparos to Pro
tect Returned Soldiers.
Washington, D. C Preparations by
tho government for reinsuring tho lives
of soldiers nnd snllors on tholr return
havo boon hastened by tho signing of
tho nrmlstlco.
Although regulations havo not yot
boon fully drafted, it is cortaln that
oach of tho -1,250,000 mon in tho mili
tary or naval servlco now holding vol
untary govornmont insurnnco will bo
pormittod within fivo years after poaco
Is declared to convort It without fur
tlior modlcal examination Into ordinary
llfo, 20 pay llfo, ondowmont maturing
nt tho ago of 02 or othor proscribed
forms of insurance
This liiBurnnco will bo nrrangod by
tho government, not by private com
panies, and tho cost is oxpoctcd to bo
at least ono-fourth loss than similar
forms offorod by prlvato agoncles.
Prlvnto companies would not wrlto In
surance on many wounded mon.
Dutch Throno Threatened.
Washington, D. C Information
reaching hero from official sourcos in
dicates that tho situation in Holland
Is causing gravo npprohonslon and
that tho prosonco thoro of tho formor
Oornian Emporor, wjth mombors of his
family and somo of his strongest sup
porters, may so Inflamo tho pooplo as
to ondangor tho monarchy.
It is suggostcd that Dutch llolsho
vlsts may soo In tho prosonco of tho
former rulor of Oormany nn oxcuso lo
proclpltnto nn uprising against tho
Queen.
U. S. CASUALTIES NOT HIGH
Complcto Record Will Not Kxcccd 100,
000 In Wounded and Dead.
Washington, D, C Officials horo
ontlmnto that tho total casualties of
tho American expeditionary forces in
tho war will not oxceod 100,000, In
cluding mon hilled In action, wounded,
dlod of wounds, dlsoaso nnd accidonts
nnd tho missing. Somo of thoso who
havo boon missing probably will bo
accounted for whon tho prisoners nro
returned from Germany.
It was said Thursday It probably
will bo several weeks boforo tho record
of casualties can bo completed. It Is
regarded as almost cortaln that many
of tho cnsualtlcs fli tho recont heavy
fighting by tho First and Second Amor
lean armies havo not yot boon report
ed. Lists also must bo compiled of
unreported Amcrlcnn casualties in
Ilrltlnh mid French hospitals, especial
ly from among tho United States forces
brlgndod with allied units. Deaths
from wounds also probably will bo re
ported for somo time whllo lists of
slightly wounded bolng sont by cour
iers may bo dolayed.
Tho lists for several days havo con
sisted approximately of 1100 names
dally. Sccrotary linker has Indicated
thnt n considerable number of reported
casualties remain to bo given out, but
thnt thesto will bo rolcascd as news
papers can handlo thorn.
An unofficial tabulation or puimsitcu
cnsualty lists, Including thoso of Nov
ember 12, shows n grand total of 71,
300 mon. Estimates based on provlous
records fix tho total marlno casualties
In Franco nt toss than C000.
READJUSTMENT
BEING EVOLVED
Washington, D. C Prcsldont Wil
son has under consideration tho ap
pointment of a reconstruction com
mission to dovolop a comprchonslvo
program for tho nation's conversion
from a war to a peaco basis.
Tho commission would bo advisory
rather than executive in functions and
tho plans developed by It would bo
carried out by existing government
agencies.
Tho prcsldont Is understood to op
pose tho plan of a congressional com
mittee preparing a reconstruction pro
gram. Ho is said to profor mon who
can glvo their cnttro tlmo to tho work
and who havo mado special studies
of economic nnd social problems.
Measures to promoto agricultural
cooporatlon between tho United States,
England,. Franco, Italy and lielglum
during poaco reconstruction nro under
consideration by theso nations.
To work out offoctlvo plans an in
ternational congress of agricultural
loadora including belllgorcnt and neu
tral nations, may bo held with tho
poaco conference
Tho railroad administration plans no
reduction In railroad employes' wages
undor penco conditions, and llkowlso
no material loworlng of freight or pas
senger rates, It Is statod authorltntivo
ly horo. Doth aro likely to remain at
tholr present lovols. although with
many readjustments, during tho porlotfj
of changing tho nation from war to
poaco.
Director Oonoral McAdoo has de
clared ho would lower rates as soon
ns It waB dotormlned rovonucs would
bo suftlclont to pay wago Incroasos
and tho higher cost of materials, sup
plies and othor transportation de
ments. Restrictions will bo contlnuod by
tho govornmont's capital Issues com
mlttoo on tho floating of securities for
building, road construction nnd dovol
opmont enterprises not absolutoly os
sontlnl, it was said officially,, dosplto
tho war Industries board's partial ro
moval of limitations on non-war con
struction and manufacturing.
In view of tho necessity of obtaining
anothor big wnr loan in tho spring,
tho tronsury holds that tho securities
mnrkot Btlll must bo loft open lnrgoly
for govornmont socurltios.
Continuation of govornmont super
vision of tho atool Industry during tho
porlod of readjustment to poaco con
ditions Is recommondod by tho stool
commlttoo of tho Amorlcan Iron and
Steol Institute at Its first mooting with
tho war Industries board slnco tho
signing of tho nrmlstlco.
Hogulatlons roqulrlng householders
and bilkers to purchaso 20 per cont of
substitutes with each purchaso of
wheat flour nro withdrawn by tho food
administration, offootlvo Immediately,
TERMS MADE MORE DRASTIC
Every U-IJoatlandJiriO.OOO Hallway Cars
Must Ik Delivered to Allies.
Washington, D. C -Germany loses
her onllro fleet of submarines undor
tho nrmlstlco terms as amended by
Mnrshal Foch boforo ho signed them
with tho Gorman envoy, Monday morn
ing. Instead of 100 vessels, ovory ono
of tho undor-soa pirate craft must bo
surrendered to tho allies nnd tho Uni
ted States within U days.
Eighteen of tho articles as origin
ally prepared by tho supremo wnr
council and as read by President Wil
son to congress woro changed under
tho limited authority for alteration
glvon to tho supromo commander In
dealing with tho onomy envoys.
Tho Stnto department Tuesday re
eolved and mado public tho amended
nrttclos with tho explanation that no
Information had como as to how tho
changes woro brought about.
Apparently most of them were con
codod In responso to appeals of the
Gorman spokesmen, though several be
sldoa that touching submarines mako
tho forms moro drastic than boforo.
Instead of D0.00O railroad cars to bo
surrendered In evacuated territory, the
number Is mado 150,000. '
On tho othor hand, tho numbor of
machlno guns to bo delivered by the
Germans is reduced from 30,000 to 25,
000; tho acrman troops in East Africa
aro pormittod to ovacuato Instead of
being required to surrender; provision
is mado for considering food needs In
Germany in tho taking of means of
transportation, and a specific refer
onco to tho regulation of repatriation
of Gorman prisoners of war at tho con
clusion of peaco la added.
In rcsponBo to tho German fear of
anarchy in occuplcd'ltusslan provinces
aftor evacuation, tho ttmo of evacua
tion Is changed from immediately to
"ns soon as tbo allies, taking into ac
count tho Internal situation of theso
territorlos, shall decide that tho time
for this has como."
Torritorics which belonged to Austria-Hungary
boforo tho war aro added
to thoso which must bo evacuated.
AUSTRIAN EMPEROR QUITS
Coponhngon, Wednesday, Nov. 13.
Tho abdication of Emperor Charles, of
Austria, is officially announced at Vi
enna. Prior to his abdication Emperor
Charles Issuod a manifesto, declaring
that ho was forsaking participation In
tho public affairs of Gorman Austria.
Dudapost newspapers contain details
of a romarkablo ceremony In which
Archduke Joseph of Austria and his
son, Josef Francis, took oath to tho
Hungarian constitution as simple Hun
garian citizens named Hapsburg. Tho
newspapers say this was tho first in
stance" in 400 years whon such a re
nouncement was mado. All privileges
wero glvon up by Uio royalties.
London, Nov. 12. The man who,
slnco December, 1916, had been occu
pying tho throno of Austria-Hungary,
la today plain Charlos Hapsburg, ac
cording to a Copenhagen dispatch to
tho Exchange Telegraph company,
quoting prlvato advices from Vienna.
Tho oxact dato and tho immedlato
circumstances of tho abdication of tho
last of tho Hapsburg dynasty wero not
given In tho advices, but tho relin
quishing of Uio throno had been, por
tended by recent events in tho dual
monarchy.
Victor Adlor, leader of Uio Austrian
Socialists and foreign secretary In the
German-Austrian cabinet formed nt
Vienna on Octobor 31, Is dead, It is
announced.
It is reported that a general strike
Is declared in VIonna.
Government to Find Jobs
for Four Million Men
Washington, D. C. Demobilization
of men In tho military and naval serv
lco of tho Unltod States after tholr
return from Franco will bo carried out
largely on n basis of tho ability of
trades and occupations to absorb thorn,
undor a plan bolng worked out by tho
Labor, War and Navy dopartmonts and
tho War Industries board. It was said
Wednesday that tho plan will bo sub
mitted to Prcsldont Wilson soon.
Tho War Industries board has sont
quostlonnalros to employers In all In
dustries asking tho noeds of oach for
mon, and Uio answers will show where,
whon and how rapidly Jobs will bo
ready for discharged soldiers and sail
ors and what trados are most In nood
of thorn. - 1
TjanKagiving, 1918
Common Cause
Howdy Thanksgivin'l Here you Is
again!
You comes a-lnterruptin' when I's
ready to complain.
I's thankful fob. a pork chop an' I's
thankful foh a bean;
I's thankful foh each lump o' coal dls
neighborhood has seen.
Now folks Is helpln' other folks to see
de winter through,
'Cause all de folks is klcldn' jes de
same as me an' you.
Howdy, Thanksgtvin'f As I looks
iy, Thanksgiv
along de line
along de line
I's thankful foh de comp'ny, 'cause do
comp'ny'a mighty fin el
BY OUR PRESIDENTS
Thanksgiving Proclamations That
N Have Come From Occupants
of the White House.
PltESDDENT LINCOLN'S last
Thanksgiving proclamation, set
for the last Thursday In Novem
ber, 1604, expresses, his thankfulness
for the vision of victory which Is In
view, but sUll contains an humblo sup
plication for peace. Whnt a glorious
Thanksgiving ho would havo sent over
the land had he been spared to Issue
that which begged a nnUon's thank of
ferings for peace I
This privilege denied the great Lin
coln was granted to tho aggressive An
drew Johnson nnd Uio Bomewhnt cold
nnd hackneyed mcssngo ho Issued up
on nn occasion so full of cause for
gratitude is characteristic of the man.
In thnt message he said :
"Whereas, It has pleased Almighty
God during Uie year which Is now com
ing to un end to relieve our beloved
country from the fearful scourge of
civil war, and, to permit us to secure
tho blessings of peace, unity and hur
inony, wlUi a great enlargement of
civil liberty. . . . Now, therefore, be It
known that I, Andrew Johnson, presi
dent of tho United States, do hereby
recommend to tho peoplo thereof that
they do set apart and obscrvo tho first
Thursday In December next as a day
of national thanksgiving to tho Crea
tor of the unlverso for theso great de
liverances nnd blessings."
"Tho Spanish-American war wbb of
such short duration thnt it resulted In
few proclamations," snld n librarian at
Washington, ns he turned tho pages of
ono of his big red volumes to tho year
1018. "Here Is President McKlnley's
proclamation dated April 20, bearing
4ho slmplo statement that wnr exists."
Tho Thanksgiving proclnmaUon for
tho enmo yenr recommended Uio giving
of thnnks in tho following words:
"Tho skies have beeu for n tlmo
darkened by tho cloud of war, but as
wo wero compelled to tnko up Uio
sword In the cause of humanity, wo
nro permitted to rejoice that the con
flict has been of short duraUon. . . .
Wo may laud nnd mugnlfy Mb holy
nnnio thnt tho cessntlon of hostilities
enmo so soon, so ns to sparo both sides
the countless sorrows nnd disasters
that nttoud protracted war.
"I do, Uiorofore, Invito all my fellow
citizens, also thoso who may bo at
sen or sojourning In foreign lands as
thoso at homo, to Bet npart and observe
Thursday, tho 24th day of November,
as n day of national Thanksglvlug."
Monster Flocks of Turkeys.
Writers nssuro us that wild turkeys
wero onco so nbundtint In tho wild
country back of Virginia and In Uta
South generally that Hocks of more
thun 0,000 wero not uncommon.
tommy' Zbwti
I'm thankful for a lot of things,
I'm thankful I'm alive,
I'm thankful that I'm six years old,
Instead of only five.
I'm thankful for my tops and toys
And for my Kitty Gray.
I'm thankful for the big outdoors
Where I can run and play.
I'm thankful for the things that grow,
The apples aren't they good?
The corn where wc played hide-and-seek
As in a little wood.
I'm thankful for the pumpkins round,
Just like a golden ball,
And Jack-o'-lanterns, big and queer
They don't scare me at alL
I'm thankful for Thanksgiving day.
For pies all in a row;
I'm thankful Grandma made them
sweet.
She Knows I like them so.
I'm thankful for the turkey, toe
How brown it is, and nice I
And I'd be very thankful, please,
For only one more slice.
Elizabeth H. Thomas, in Youth's
Companion.
your son or husband or brother or
friend was brave enough and willing
enough, yes, eager enough, to risk all
that selfish men hold dear and desir
able that his country might win honor
nnd security through his blood.
CUSTOM AN OLD ONE
Pages of History Filled With Rec
ord of Days Set Aside for
Giving Thanks.
THE Idea Is prevalent throughout
the United States that our
Thanksgiving day is pecullnrly
nn American custom of New England
origin. This Is true In part only. The
general observance through many
years of a set day on which to give
thanks to Almighty God for his bless
ings has mado Uio custom dlsUncUvely
American; but its origin long ante
dates the settlement of this western
continent nnd -wo must look elsewhere
for It.
In old Egypt, when the harvest had
been gathered, It was the custom to
observe a day of feasting nnd to lay
offerings upon the altars of Isls, the
goddess of agriculture. Tho Jewish
festival wns the "Ingathering," or Uio
"Feast of the Tabernacle," mentioned
In Exodus njid other parts of tho Old
Testament. This waa moro particular
ly n thanksgiving for tho fruit harvest,
but as It came at tho close of the en
tire harvest It probably was intended
nlso as a general thanksgiving "for the,
bounty of nature."
-Tho goddess of the Roman harvestl
wns Ceres. Her festival was celebrated1
annually nnd was, called Cernlla. It
was a day of worship and rustic sports.
Men and women formed processions
and went to tho fields with music.
In ono way or another, n Thanksgiv
ing day hud been observed lu Chris
tian Europe for centuries before its
celebration in New England. Tho early'.
Christiana kept such days as tho bish
ops named them within their Jurisdic
tion. On tho continent, and for a tlmo
In England, It occurred nt Martinmas,
which was n day, of feasting and drink
ing. Occasionally, too, chic authorities
recommended tho observance of somo
fixed day.
Forever.
The thought of our Immortality
should bo moro awnko, alive, stimu
lating In our minds, moro than latent,
not merely In tho convention of our un
derstanding, but ardently ever lu our
reurt. We should mako It often the
subject of our choorful, thankful meditation.