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About Eagle Valley news. (Richland, Or.) 191?-1919 | View Entire Issue (May 9, 1918)
PROPER SOILS-AND PREPARATION OF ' SEED BED FOR MORE AND BETTER OATS UlttK lb GOOD FOR PREPARINQ BOIL FOR OAT8. (rrrKrn) ! tint UnltMt Hlntc Dooart mailt of AKrlrultiir ) OlllH III Kill United KtlltOH In OX- reeded In acreage nml value only liy corn nml wheat (if tin- grain crop. Tim average iircn iinnniilly devoted 'to t III h crop In thin country In tho llvn year from 11112 to 1010. Inclindve, wiim ;Hl,4r.lf,000 acres. Till m In approximate ly throe-eighths of (he iicrcti'ut devoted to corn, mill throe-fourths of tho acre nge devoted to wheat In tho miiiiii) year. Tho oMlmated average proline lion of nut In those live year wiim I,. L1M,i:t7,(MH) bushels, with nn estl unit. m fiirni value of $f.2l.-l3il,000. Itut. IIOtWlthNtlllllllllK till. leH attention tin ft been given to tho proiluctlon of oiitNtlinn to tiny other Important grain, mo (hut yield often liuve been iiiikiiUh fnetory mill (he crop sometime un protltnlile. est Solle for Oats. In the proiluctlon of out proper climatic nml cult it nil condition lire of more importance tlitiu the charac ter or even tho fertility of tho noil. Owing to their greater water-holding capacity loam anil clny mill UHiially produce hotter crop than sandy soil. Sandy lanil with plenty of plant food ami a moderately stiff kuIikoII will grow good ontH. hut heavy, imdralned clnj'H are too wet nml colli for the host growth of the crop. More water Ih required to produce a pound of dry ituilter In oatx than In any other cereal : hence tho necessity for grow ing this crop on laud that naturally retain inoUtnre or that Ih welt titled with hiiinux. On account of their liabil ity to Indue. oatH should not he crown on very rich coll or on low. iindrnlneil lamlH. Good drainage In osNontlnl alo In the prevention of Injury from plant iIIhoiixoh, Fertilizers and Manures. Though tho crop Ih ii vigorous feeder nml will do hotter on poor hoIIh than most other nrnln crop, tho Judicious UNO of fertilizers or manure Ih usually profitable. The fertilizer problem Ih inaile dllllciilt, however, by tho fact that on rich noil oat malic a rank growth, which often results In lodging nml In conditions favorablo to rust and other diseases. I'nless the soil Is very low In fer tility the direct application of barn yard manure to thu crop Is seldom itdvlsablo. Much morn satisfactory results usually can tin obtained by ap plying tho manure previous to crow ing '"' "tlior crop In tho rotation, wich iih corn. The oiiIh then will cot (he benellt of a part of tho nmnuro and or the added humus In tho soil, with less dancer that a rank crowth of straw will bo nmdo at the expense of crnln production. On very poor soil n few loads of well-rotted manure may ho applied some time previous to flowing oats. Tho manure should bo Hprcnd iih ' evenly as possible and nhould ho well worked Into the soil. Tho use 'of a small quantity of raw rock phosphate with tho nmnuro Ih usually advisable. SIRE OF GREAT IMPORTANCE High-Class Animal Neglected Decauso of Use of Grade Females Worthy of Attention. I'rohably tho reason why tho aver ago farmer doea not give more at tention to tho slro ho uses is that ho has only grade females, nnd ho thinks that It doea not pay to use a registered sldo on such common stock. Hut If I") would Htl t "Kliro Just what ho nmdo or lost In dollars and cents with u good or poor sire, tho Importance of a high-class reentered anlnml would bo clearly seen. Fish Meal for Poultry. Klsli meal Ih coming Into favor iih poultry food. If prepared from sound mnterlnl and fed In moderation It does not nffect tho tlnvor of eggs. Value of Kafir Crops. Only 10 crops producu inoro total vnluo than tho kullrH In tho United Htntcs In 1017. Tho knllr crops woro worth more than 2V4 time "8 IUC" .ua tho sugar hcet crop. Of tho three most Important plant-food elomeiitu, nitrogen, phos phorus, and potash, phosphorus Ih tho one most often present III lumtfUclcnt quantities for tho best production of oats. Preparation of the Seed Ded. Less attention ordinarily Ih given to the preparation of tho need bed for outs than that for any other Held crop. In the corn belt, whom oats commonly follow corn, tho seed Ih often sown broadcast without previous preparation of tho land. It Is then covered by dlskluc and harrowing. Much better results nre obtained, however, by disking tho laud before seeding, whether tho seed Ih sown broadcast or Ih drilled. A good seed bed usuiilly can not bo prepared with fewer than two illsklngs and at leitHt one harrow ing. If tho ontH are to be sown on corubiud on which tho stalks are still standing, It Is good practice to break the stalks before disking. This can be done readily, especially on n frosty morning, by drugging a heavy polo or Iron rail broadside across the Held. Tho stalkH then can bo cut with n disk harrow much better than If loft stand ing. If tho dlskH of tho disk harrow are sharp, they will cut tho stalks Into short pieces, which soon decay. It l.i never advisable to rake tint! burn stalks mid other trash on cornfields that aro to be sown to oat nnlesH tho quantity Ih mi groat that It can not possibly bo covered by disking. This iiiimus-maklug material should not bo destroyed but should be worked Into the soil. Outs nlwajH should ho sown nH early In tho spring as the land can bo work ed, hut the proper preparation should not bo sacrillced to gain n little tlmo In getting the seeil Into tho ground. Oats do best when sown In n rnther llrm seed bed. with two to three Inches of loose, mellow soil on the surface. This can bo obtained best on corn s'talk land by breaking tho stalks, double disking either by lapping half or cross disking, mid thorough harrow lug with a spike-tooth harrow. Lap ping half with a disk harrow leaves the surface more nearly oven than when tho Held Ih disked. Tho disks should be set to run throe or four Inches deep. After tho seed bed Is In good condition tho seed should ho sown and tho Held again harrowed. Tho land seldom Ih plowed for oats that follow u cultivated crop. Spring plowing usually Ih not profitable, as (hero Is little tlmo to allow tho sub surface to become compact and tho land Is rarely In proper condition to plow before tho ontH should bo sown. Garden Often Neglected. On some farms tho garden Is often a neglected. or poorly enred-for spot largely because, tho work Is being con centrated on tho Holds In preparing them for planting. This Is u tlmo when the garden needs attention. GRAIN FOR FEEDING LAMBS Oats Probably as Good as Caf Be Found for Young Animals Used at Indiana Station. Oats aro probably us good grnln ns can bo found for starting lambs on feed, nnd tho Indiana experiment sta tion makes a practlco of teaching tho lambs to out by feeding them oats. There Is quite u practlco among sheep feeders of feeding oats throughout tho entlro feeding period. TROUBLE WITH COLT'S FEET Examine Frequently for Thrush and Keep Well Cleaned by Use of Or dinary Hoof Pick. Tho colts kept In tho bnrn should bo frequently cxumlnod for thrush, and tho foot well cleaned out with tho hoof pick, after which u llttlo strong disinfectant nnd nny of tho conl-tur products aro good should bo nppllod with a syringe, or n brush. This will, with propor euro, clitntnuto tho trouble :: STATE NEWS I I IN BRIEF. a The snow nt Crater Lake has melted very rapidly during to lt week nnd learns tan now got to headquarters camp, where It Is only four feet deep, according to Assistant Superintendent II. B. Momyor. While shooting squirrels near tho Lnkuvlow city HmU Monday afternoon, Tommy Drinkwntcr, aged 15, son of Mr. nnd Mrs. T. H. Drlnkwater, of Lnkovlew, accidentally shot and killed his broUicr, Willie, aged 10. A spark from n donkey englno In tho Miller logging enmp, north of To ledo, Tuesday started a fire which de stroyed n bunkhouso and endangered other buildings, machinery and near-by timber. The loggers, numlwrlng 45, Anally oxtfnugished tho flames. The war has opened a new nnd Im portant Industry for Benton and Lin coln counties. This money-making In dustry consists of gathering and dry ing foxglove leaycB, from which digi talis is extracted. There Is a heavy demand for this product in Uio hospi tals of Kuropo. J. N. Williamson, of rrinevllle, pur chased 3C00 acres of land from the Ochoco Irrigation district this week. Tho land surrounds the reservoir, and was secured from the people who sold their holdings within the submerged urea. Tho dcnl included a lease on tho submerged lands for a term of years. Carey Stearns, son of Mr. and Mrs. S. S. Stearns, of Prlnovillo, is home this week on a furlough from Camp Lewis, American Lake. Ho has just finished tho officers' training courso at American Lako nnd is nwaiting orders. The names of tho men receiving com missions will be announced about May 3. Governor Withycombc has forward ed a communication to Senator Mc Nnry asking him to take up with tho War department tho question of ex tending to Oregon soldiers in camps cither in or nenr their homo state the right of voting at tho primary election or nt Uie general election, if they nre still stationed in or near tho state. With tho report that many Ameri can enlisted men from Mils state have already been returned to their homes from nrmy camps suffering from tuber culosis or kindred diseases, Superin tendent of Schools Churchill agreed to join with tho homo servico department of Uio Red Cross in preparing to take enre of such soldiers and their families. William Sproulo, president of tho Soutliern Pacific, telegraphed to Gov ernor Withycombe Tuesday that the company has agreed to purchase $2, 000,000 worth of liberty bonds, of which amount $1,000,000 has been set aside for the credit of tho states through which its Pacific System lines pass, and that of this amount $75,000 is credited to Oregon. Fremont Hodson, a graduate of the North Bend high school and medical student at the University of Oregon, who enlisted in the hospital corp3 shortly after Uio entrance of the Unit ed States in tho war, and who has been nttending Uio oflkers' training school nt American Lako for scvernl months, hns passed tho examinations with high honors nnd will report nt Macon, Gn., for u commission. Tho capital stock of tho Chelsea Box company nt Kramath Falls was in creased from $50,000 to $100,000 at tlu3 annunl meeting of the stockhold ers. This company, which vn3 organ ized a year ago, has been so successful tlint it was found necessary to doublo tho stock to keep pace with the growth in tho business. The company has 2, 000,000 feet of lumber in tho yard and tho plnnt is running with n full force. Mr. Woodlnwn, in behalf of Uio Ar menian reliof work, made an address nt Madras Sunday afternoon, nt tho closo of which a collection of $260 was taken. On Uie snmo evening about $160 wns collected at Gateway. Carl McClnin, of Clovelnnd, O., has been elected superintendent of tho mu nicipal electric and water plants at Bugono, to succeed Charles W. Geller, whoso resignation becomes oiFccivo Juno 1. Mr. McClnin wns graduated from Uio University of Oregon. Ho later attended Cornell University. Mr. nnd Mrs. A, II. Grossong, of Mount Angol, married each other n third timo in Snlom Thursday. After their first mnrriago they wero di vorced. Six months' separation proved sufficient. Tlioy wero romarricd, but that marringo proved illegal, nnd .tho third timo tho tio is bound firmly, Tho deep sea fishing is advancing in profitableness for tho several individ uals and companies who aro sending out boats to fish in Uio grounds bo tween Mnrshfleld and Cape Blanco on tho souUi, nnd Hocota Head on tho norUi. Tho halibut banks have com menced giving up Uiolr denizens ear lier Uian usual, nftd sovornl boats havo brought in good catches of that vnri oty, whllo ling cod nnd red nnd block snapper aro seen in market almost dally. 9000 MORE ACRES IN Additional Reserve Land In Yakima Valley Is flown With Grain, of Which Most Is Wheal. Yakima, Wash, Nino Uiousand acres of new land have been put under cultivation on Uio Yakima Indian reservation this year, according to L. M. Holt, superintendent of the Indian reclamation serlvce. This acreage is largely in grain, principally wheat. Tho estimated wheat planting on tho reservation is 12,000 acres. Superintendent Holt was obliged to discontinue development work on Uie canals until congress passes an appro priation bill. The bill as passed by the house carried $500,000, but tho senate cut Uiis to $250,000. A con ference committee has Uio matter un der consideration. Should Uio larger appropriation carry and Uio bill soon pass so as to allow early use of Uie monoy, tho Increase for Uie season of 1019 is estimated at 20,000 acres. The reservation has 00,000 acres under Uie Wapato project for which water is ready, but the canals are not yet dug. TO BLOT OUT TEUTON TRADE "Germany's Industrial Army on Amer ican Soil" to be Topic New York Revelation of Uio gov ernment's plans "to divorce Germany permanently irom American industry and commerce," will be made by A. Mitchell Palmer, custodian of alien enemy property, at a meeting here May.8, under Uie auspices of Uie Na tional Security League. Accepting Uie league's invitation to speak, Mr. Palmer wrote from Wash ington: "I shall address myself to Uie sub ject, 'Germany's Industrial Army on American Soil.' It seems to me a good opportunity to disclose the result of my observation as alien property custodinn, showing Uio strong indus trial and commercial foothold which Germany obtained In this country be fore Uie war, and what we nre now proposing to do, to divorce Germany permanently from American industry and commerce." NORTHWEST MARKET REPORT Wheat Bulk basis for No. 1 grade: Hard white, $2.05. Soft white, $2.03. White club, $2.01. Red Walla, $1.98. No. 2 grade, 3c less; No. 3 grade, Gc less. Other grades handled by sample. Flour Patents, $10 per barrel; wholo wheat, $9.60; graham, $9:20; barley flour, $14.5015.00; rye flour, $10.75(0)12.75; corn meal, white, $6.50; yollow, $6.25 per barrel. "Millfeed Net mill prices, car lots: Brim, $30.00 per ton; shorts, $32; middlings, $39; mixed cars and less than carloads, 50c more; rolled barley, $75(3)76; rolled oats, $73. Corn Whole, $77 per ton; cracked, $78. Hay Buying prices, delivered: Eastern Oregon timothy, $2930 per ton; valloy timoUiy, $2526; alfalfa, $2424.50; valley grain hay, $22; clover, $1920.00; straw, $9.0010. Butter Cubes, extras, 371c; prime firsts, 37c; prints, extras, 42c; car tons, lc extra; butterfat, No. 1, 41c delivered. Eggs Ranch, current receipts, 34c: candled, 35c; selects, 36c per dozen. Poultry Hens, 27c; broilers, 40c; ducks, 32c; geese, 20c; turkoys, live, 26(327c; dressed, 37c per pound. VealFancy, 18119c. Pork Fancy, 23231c per pound. Sack Vegetables Carrots, $1.15 per sack; turnips, $1.50; parsnips, $1.25; beets, $2. Potatoes Oregon Burbnnks, 75c $1 por hundred; now California, 10c por pound; sweet potatoes, 10c per pound. Onions Jobbing prices, KfUic per pound. Cattle May 2, 1918. Med. to choico steers. . .. $14,000.15.00 Good to med. steers 13.0014.00 Com. to good steers 11.0012.00 Choico cows and heifers. 13.0014.00 Com. to good cows and hf 7.2510.75 Cnnnors 5.00 7.00 Bulls 7.0012.00 Calves 8.7513.00 Stockers and fecdors.... C.50 9.50 Hogs Primo mixed $17.G517.75 Modlum mixed 17.2517.50 Rough heavies 1G.2510.60 Pigs 15.0016.00 Bulk 17.65 Sheep Primo Bpring Iambs $ 20.00 Heavy lambs 16.5018.00 Yoarlings 16.0015.60 Wothors 13.0013.60 Ewes 1 12.0012.50 DRAGGING IN EARLY SPRING Easiest and Dest Method of Road' Maintenance After Road Has Been Properly Located. Farmers don't realize Uio value of the drag. If It costs $25 or $50, and was painted up, and somebody could make money by going around selling drags, It would be better. For the farmer would Uicn think he must use It to get Ills money out of It. Its cheap ness and simplicity work against It. In ten years' time, when we have had ex perience, we will find that the drag Is the easiest and best method of road maintenance after the road has been properly located, graded, drained, and bridges and culverts put In. The drags In a township are worth many times as much ns the expensive machinery, In the way of graders, which Uie town ship usually buys. If you really want a good road this summer, don't forget the spring drag ging. If you dragged your roads smooth Inst fall after Uie last rain, so that they froze up smooth, yon have had good roads all winter. If not, you have smoothed them down by bumping over them, and then smoothed them only In Uie tracks, torturing your wife, your children and yourself sim ply because you would not follow our advice, says Wallace's Farmer. There will always be trouble about getting the township trustees to drag Useful Drag In Operation. the roads at the proper time. Surely we shall soon reach a time when every fnrmer will take pride In seeing Uie road In front of his farm kept smooth and hnrd, whether he Is paid for It or not. The best work we get done In this world, the work that counts for the most. Is that which a man does for love of It, and because of his own self respect, rather than for the money he may make. This Is true of about every thing we do. The best work Is work that cannot be paid for In cash, but Is tho outward expression of the Inward life of the man. Let's get over the Idea that we must do only what we .are paid for doing, nnd that when we are paid for It, It Is all right to do less work for the same money for the township or county than we would do for a neighbor or employ er. Let's develop n loyalty to our selves, to our farms, to the township, to the state, that will lead us to do things because they should be done, and not for tho gain we get out of It, not prlmnrlly for the pay. CONVICTS WILL MAKE ROADS State of Missouri to Put 500 Prison era to Work on Columbia-Jefferson City Highway. Missouri will employ 500 of tho 2,500 prisoners confined In Institu tions of thnt state at road work. Prob ably the first road to bo so built will bo tho Columbia-Jefferson City high way, connecting the sent of Uio stato university with tho stato capital. Tho stato highway department will pay the state $1.25 for each convict used, a compromise wage suggested by Gov ernor Gardner. Tho stato will fed, clothe, transport nnd guard the pris oners for this wage. GOOD ROADS ARE NECESSARY Without Them Farmer Is Not Going to Achieve Success He Is Justly Entitled To. Good roads, better roads aro every where needed, not luxuries to be en joyed by the classes only, but neces sary for tho masses, and without them the progress that the farmer, partic ularly, Is entitled to and Is going to have, would never bo his. Wm v Jit