WORLD
BURDEN ON GERMANY
41 BABIES DEAD IN
RUSSIA MAKES PEACE
Collnpse of Russia Hurtful to Kaiser
Stnto of War Declared Ended In Olll
clnl Announcement Made Huitdny
nt Brest. Lltovsk Conference.
OF CURRENT WEEK
HAPPENINGS
M L ON
MORE
MONTREAL FLAMES
WA
SOUGHT
Brief Resume Most Important
Daily News Items.
COMPILED FOR YOU
Events of Noted People, Governments
and Pacific Northwest and Other
Things Worth Knowing.
General Pershing has recommended
to the War department that the num
ber of chaplains in the army he in
creased for the war.
Three more fatalities, due to two
separate crashes, were added Wednes-,
day to the ever-lengthening roll of i
deaths at Hicks Flying Field, 15 miles '
from Fort Worth, Tex. j
A hip raid was carried out Wednes
day by the French southwest of Hutte
Mesnil. The German positions were
entered up to the third line nnd many
defenses and shelters were destroyed.
Lord Robert Cecil announcd in the I
house of commons Saturday that the
British government is giving great at
tention to a "league of nations." He '
added that he himself had prepared a
scheme for it.
i
Because wheat flour substitutes are
as costly and hard to secure as wheat
flour itself, Chicago bakers have again
raised the price of bread, 9-cent loaves
advancing to 10 cents and 13-cent
loaves to 15 cents.
An additional $30,000,000 was placed
to the credit of Italy Thursday by Sec
retary McAiioo. This brings the total
of American loans to that country to
$550,000,000, and the total of Ameri
can credits to allied countries to $4,
734,400,000. Enthusiastic applause and cheers for
America met the declaration of the
Italian Premier Orlando, at the open
ing of the parliament Wednesday, that
the war situation was growing better,
due to help from the United States re
placing Russia.
The Stockholm Aftonbladetsays that
after a massacre which occurred at
Kervo (Kerava) the Red Guards wired
to Helsingfors for surgeons and am
bulances. Five surgeons who left im
mediately, adds the paper, were mur
dered by the Red Guards on their ar
rival. Sir Cecil Spring-Rice, former Brit
ish ambassador to the United States,
died Thursday morning at 1 o'clock of
heart failure at Government House, at
Ottawa, Ont. Lady Spring-Rice and
his son and daughter, Betty and An
thony, aged 11 and 9, respectively,
were with him.
Sir William Goode, who, since the
entry of the United States into the
war has occupied the important post of
liason officer between the British food
ministry and the United States food
administration, discussed the present
food situation in an address Thursday
to the London notary club.
W. F. Loan, state counsel for the
Lincoln Highway association and prom
inent Clinton, la., banker, killed him
self Wednesday afternoon. Mr. Coan
discharged a pistol which had been
lying under the teller's window, send
ing a bullet into his brain. Whether
the act was intentional or accidental
has not been determined.
War department advices indicate
that very few American soldiers lost
their lives in the destruction of the
liner Tuscania, in addition to the 1C1
reported Thursday as buried on the
Scottish coast. The latest reports
place the American loss at not more
than 170 of the 2179 who were on
board the ship, although the list of
rescued still is far from complete.
General Pershing reports four Amer
ican soldiers killed, or.e severely wound
ed and three missing in the actions on
February 7, 8 and 9.
Lieutenant Egbert McLean was
killed and Lieutenant Charles E. Cum
mings received injuries Monday when
an airplane which they were operating
crashed to the ground near Jennings,
La.
That France and England arc in
agreement concerning the establish
ment of a national home for the Jew
ish people in Palestine was affirmed
Tuesday by Foreign Minister Pichon in
Paris, according to an official dispatch.
Tho railway strike in Buenos Aires
apparently is failing through tho re
fusal of Italians and Britons to quit
work. These men have declined to
leave their jobs, notwithstanding the
threats of Spanish agitators to destroy
property.
ia View of Teuton Press -U. S.
Sees Bright Side to Matter.
Amsterdam The German press ap
pears quite unnblo to regard Trotzky's
announcement of n stnto of peace be
tween Russia and the central jHiwcrs
with any feelings of satisfaction. The
Berlin Zcitung Am Mittag thinks that
the old chaos will continue and that
therefore it will be necessary for Ger
many to continue to safeguard her
frontier, both from n militnry and di
lomatic standpoint.
Washington, D. C. With tho open
ing of the great campaign of 1918 on
the western front apparently in sight,
military men hero examined with pro
found interest tho situation created by
the signing of n peace pact between
the central powers and tho now Uk
raine republic and the decision of the
Bolsheviki Russian government to de
mobilize the army.
Their conclusions were not discour
aging. These events on their face
would appear to set free enormous
German forces for tho impending bat
tle in the west and also to furnish new
sources of food supply for tho Teu
tonic allies, but many factors detract
from the advantages the central pow- J
era may derive.
One of the threats against the west-1
em front dwelt upon in public discus
sion is the fact that presumbly 1,500,
000 prisoners of war held by Russia
would be released to strengthen the
German army.
The fact is said to be, however, that
the great majority of tho soldiers cap
tured by the Russians are Austrians,
not available for western front oerii
tions by present indications.
Most of the others are civilians or
camp followers of one kind or another,
and, so far as known, only a small
number of German troops were cap
tured on that front. Any men from
tho prison camps aro regarded as of
doubtful military value for some time
to come, as the Russians, unable to
feed their own soldiers, hardly have
improved the health of the captives.
There is doubt here, also, as to the
extent to which the agricultural re
sources of the Ukraine or of Russia
can be brought to the aid of the Ger
man people in their near future.
Failure of the Russian transporta
tion system worked in Germany's in
terest in undermining the fighting
power of the Russian armies. The
same agency now, necessarily, works
against the central powers in its desire
to get out food supplies.
PREACHER SENT TO PRISON
Non-Partisan Secretary Gilbert
Con-
victcd for Seditious Talk.
Minneapolis A. C. Townlcy, presi
dent of the Non-Partisan League, for
whose arrest a warrant was issued in
Lakefield Monday, charging conspiracy
to discourage enlistments, is reported
to be in Thief River Falls. Authori
ties there said he would be arrested.
Joseph Gilbert, secretary and organ
ization manager, tried on the Hame
charge and with violating the Minne
sota law covering disloyalty, was
found guilty in the district court at
Lakefield and sentenced to three
months in the county jail.
Gilbert was arrested here two weeks
ago when he attempted to hold a
league organization meeting after it
had been foruidden by county officials.
New charges against Townley and
Gilbert were brought on the grounds
that Gilbert is an agent of Townley
and that while he committted the ac
tual act which is declared to be dis
loyal, Townley is his employer and,
therefore, directs his movements and
is guilty of conspiring with Gilbert to
oppose the nation's military policy.
Flour Rule is Modified.
Washington, D. C Mixed flours
containing less than CO per cent of
wheat flour may be sold without ac
companying substitutes, tho Food Ad
ministration announced Wednesday.
Where a retailer Bells mixed flours
containing more than CO per cent of
wheat flour, other substitutes must bo
sold to bring the sale to a basis of one
pound of substitute for each pound of
wheat flour.
A special exception may bo granted
upon application showing necessity in
the case of specially prepared infant
and invalid food containing flour.
Kaiser's Reply Cheerful.
London Emperor William, occord
ing to an Exchange telegram from
Amsterdam, has sent the following
telegram to Phillip Heinecken, mana
ger of tho North German-Lloyd Steam
ship company:
"Many thanks for your congratula
tions over our first peace. It is only a
small beginning made by Germany's
sword against tho closed door leading
to a general peace. I am filled with
gratitude. May God help us further."
Ruins of Grey Nunnery Give Up
Charred Bodies.
LIST MAY BE LARGER
Further Search Likely to Reveal More
Bodies-Hundred of Sick Sold
icrs nnd Others Rescued.
Montreal Forty-ono children are
known to hnvo Hrlshed In a lire that
destroyed tho west wing of tho Grey
Nunnery in this city Thursday night.
Tho charred bodies of these victims
have been recovered. As tho search
of "tTio smoking ruins and tho checking
up of survivors proceed, tho belief Is
growing that the number of dead will
be materially increased. Some esti
mates of tho possible mortality nro as
high as 100.
All the inmates of the great build
ing except the children are believed to
have escaped. I hey included nuns,
nursing Bisters, wounded or sick sol
diers from overseas, aged, sick or crip
pled men and women to the number of
almost 1000.
When tho flames were discovered In
the west wing the alarm was quickly
given anil nil those able to help them
selves fled to places of safety.
Tho heroic nuns and nursing sisters
strove valiantly to save the sick ami
wounded, as well as the infanta under
their chnrge.
The children were housed in tho sec
tion of thu building where the tire
started, and the flames spread so
quickly It was imKssthlo to save them
nil.
None of the soldiers sufTered injury,
however, although nearly 200 of them
were quartered in the building.
The ages of the inmates of the nun
nery ranged from 2 or .1 days to almost
I 1C0 years. Many of tho infants who
(died in tho fire and smoke were only a
few days or n few weeks old.
The elderly inmates were housed in
another section of tho nunnery and
were not immediately menaced by tho
flames.
B0L0 PASHA FOUND GUILTY
Convicted of High Trenson in France
and Death Sentence Given.
Paris Without tho slightest trem
or, Bolo Pasha, convicted of high trea
son, heard Colonel Voyer, president of
the court martial, pronounce sentence
of death upon him amid impressivo si
lencc in the courtroom Thursday.
Merely shaking his head and shrug
ging his shoulders as n to say it was
hopeless to fight against the odds, Bolo
returned to his cell.
Awed by the soldiers with fixed bay
onets, those who had assembled in thu
courtroom refrained from all demon
stration, but tho crowds outside tho
courthouse uttered a terrific ronr and
cheers of approval as word of the sen
tence reached thcrn, plainly showing
the favor which tho sentence of death
found among tho French people.
Swiftly thu news of tho corning ex
ecution of Bolo Pasha spread through
out the city. Colonel Voyer had not
yet completed reading tho sentence
when the cheers of tho multitude from
outside drowned his voice.
The court martial was unnnlmous In
condemning Bolo. It stood for a timu
four to three against tho conviction of
Porchcre, but finally compromised, 0
to 1, on conviction on tho charge of
"commerce with tho enemy," carrying
a lighter sentence.
The judges deliberated only a few
minutes, arid as they filed out it was
easily discernible Bolo Pasha's fato
was Healed.
An appeal will bo entered on n tech
nicality, but tho general trend of com
ment heard in legal, journalistic and
political circles is, "With BoIo'b death
Boloism will die."
The speedy return of tho court mar
tial came almost as a grenter surprise
to the crowds In tho courtroom await
ing the verdict than thu actual sen
tence of death itself, which had been
predicted from tho outset.
Work on School Stopped.
San Diego, Cal. Becauso tho head
of tho military aviation school at
North Island has refused to allow civil
ian workmen to remain on tho island
oil night, construction on tho new bar
racks and hangars has been stopped.
The military authorities fear that
an enemy alien, passing himself au
a workman, might, if allowed to re
main on the island at night, damago
equipment or secure military informa
tion. - I
No formal treaty has been signed
between the Russians: nnd the central
powers, but thu Holidiuvlki government
hits ordered n cessation of hostilities
against Germany, Austria-Hungary,
Turkey nnd Bulgaria nnd tho with
drawal of Its troops from thu trenches
ami fortified positions from thu Baltic
Sea to the Roumanian frontier.
It had been foreseen that such an
outcome uventunlly would follow Ukiii
thu revolutionary movement In Russia.
Long ago tho unemy forced began tho
withdrawal of troops from this front,
leaving virtually only it handful to
face tho Russians,
IVneo having been olTcctcd both by
tho Russians and Ukrainians with tho
Teutonic allies, thu situation of Ron-
mania becomes a most critical one.
Cut olf now from her allies, the
Roumanians apparently nro faced with
lliu niisoiuio necessity or uueetlng n
separate peace or being overrun by su
perior enemy armies.
Nothing has developed to show
whether another Roumanian cabinet to
take the placu of tho one which re
signed last week has been formed or
whether any reply hnH been iniulo to
the ultimatum of thu central powers
that H'iiee negotiations should Imme
diately bo started.
Amsterdam, Feb. II. Russia has
declared thu statu of war to be at an
end and has ordered thu demobilization
of Russian forces on all fronts, accord
ing to a dispatch received here today
dated Brest- I.ltovsk, on Sunday. Thu
dispatch follows:
"The president of thu Russian dele
gallon nt today's (Sunday's) sitting
stated that while Russia was desisting
from signing n formal peacu treaty, it
declared thu statu of war to bu ended
with Germnny, Austro-Hungary, Tur
key and Bulgaria, simultaneously giv
ing orders fur complete demobilization
of Russian forces on nil fronts."
DIVER MENACE SOLVED
Transports Will Be IMIont Proof
High Officer of Consulting Board
Makes Statement of Facts.
New York Means have been found
to make transortJi unsinkablu by sub
marines, according to a statement
made Saturday night by William I
Saunders, vice chairman of the Naval
Consulting Board, In an address at i
dinner of thu University of Pennsyl
vanla alumni in this city.
Mr. Saunders said that onu of the
ships recently commandeered by the
government "now lies at au Atlantic
(ort, and in such shiiu that shu cannot
be sunk by an exploding torpedo."
"I can conceive of no reason why
this Infomatiori should be withheld,"
ho added. "On thu contrary, I believu
it Is well that the enemy may come
to realize that the timu has been
reached when American transports are
ready for the transportation of our
troops which that enemy cannot sink.
"This ship may have it holu 30 or 40
feet in diameter blown in her side and
she will remain afloat. Such a hole
would waterlog but one-tenth of the
honeycombed airtight cells."
Mr. Saunders described in detail the
plan to keep ships afloat after they had
been torpedoed and thu manner in
which it had been developed by Wil
linrn Donnell, a New York marine en
gineer, working under authorization of
the Naval Consulting Board.
"Of course it will take some timu to
equip similarly thu largu number of
transports wo have," continued Mr.
Saunders.
"It is my belief, however, that noth'
ing will bu left undone by thu admlnlH
trillion to safeguard thu lives of largu
troop contingents to bo moved across
tho Atlantic."
Mr. Saunders, in n statement cred
ited to him last May, asserted that a
solution of thu submarine problem had
probably been found by tho board and
in the opinion of the board members
thu scheme as approved would put an
end to the submarine menace. Hu did
not enter into details.
Other members of tho board, includ
ing Robins, its secretary, and Frank
J. Sprugue, a member df tho commit
tee on submarines, took issuu with Mr.
Saunders that thu solution of tho U
boat menace had been reached.
Jordan Assails Prussia.
Sun Francisco Dr. Duvid Starr Jor
dan, chancellor of Lelanil Stanford
University, Sunday arrulgned tho Prus
sian autocratic dynasty in an address
entitled "Tho Taproot of War," de
livered before tho Commonwealth Club.
Dr. Jordan, before thu United States
declared wur on Germany, was ono
of tho foremost peace advocntcu in
tho country. Tho address was his
first since this country entered thu
war.
Estimate Made of Increase on
Railroads Will Be in Year.
MEN PRESENT CLAIM
Imx Wages on Railroads Rlnmcd by
Witness for Exodus of Workers
to Better Paid Industrie.
Washington, I). O. Tho first official
Indication of what promised railroad
wnge Increases would cost wan given
nt Wednesday' hearing before tho
railroad wagu commission, when J. A.
Franklin presented thu claims of thu
railway employes' department of thu
American Federation of Lnlxir.
"Figuring an nverngu of II 3 1-3 per
cent Increase, on thu flat Increases
asked, thu additional cost would bo
$82,000,000 annually." Secretnry
Lane, chairman of tho commission,
computed.
Mr. Franklin said thu estimate
seemed correct, bnsed Uon Increases
for 2&0.000 organized men.
Hu nlso had suggested that tiny In
creases should apply to uiiorgnnlzed
workers of tho samu trades, numbering
nbout ill! 0,0 00, who were nut llgured in
thu rough calculation. Thu wagu basis
usked was $0 n day for skilled men,
such as carmen, machinists and black
smiths; $4. CO n day for holwrs, and
timu mid a half overtime, Sunday nnd
holiday work.
Nonu of thu witnesses has submitted
estimates of whnt the incrensu re
quested would cost, all apparently tak
ing thu M)sltlon of A. B. GnrruUon, of
the conductors, who said that it did
not matter whnt the cost would ho,
since thu Increases were essential to
maintain thu utaudard of living nnd
that if an Industry did not maintain
the men serving it, thu Industry did
not deserve to survive.
Iw wages have been blamed by thu
witnesses for thu exodus of railroad
workers to other industries. Mr.
Franklin said thu various shop unions
hu represented had lost Hi per cunt of
their membership to shipyards and
still others to munitions factories.
Warren S. Stone, of tho engineers,
told the commission that never before
this winter have the railroads entered
thu bad weather season with equip
ment In such "rotten condition" and
said that lack of skilled men In shops
was rcsonsiblo for curtailment of
output thuru to 00 pur cent of normal.
G. 0. P. CHAIRMAN IS NAMED
Will II. Hays, of Indiana. Chosen by
Acclamation.
St. I-ouls Will II. Hays, thu orig
inal "Llvo Wire" of Indiana, whose
activities put thu 1 loonier statu in thu
Hughes column In 1910, was elected
by acclamation Wednesday an National
chairman of thu Republican parly.
All thu storms bluw over and all wan
peaceful as u Red Cross knitting
circle.
John T. Adams, of Iowa, whoso
pro-German utterances before America
entered the war stirred up trouble,
withdrew from tho race anil nominated
Mr. Hays.
No other candidate was named
which madu it unanimous for Hays.
Hu is Republican stale chairman in
Indiana and also chairman of the In
diana state council of defense.
Members of tho executive commit
tee, among them Mr. Adams, arose
onu by ono and resigned to give tho
new chairman it free hand, lhonoxl
executive committee will bo named at
Ihe next meeting of tho National com
mittee.
Roosevelt Is Improving.
New York A marked Improvement
in tho condition of Colonel Theodore
Roosevct was announced at Roosuvolt
Hospital Thursday afternoon. Mrs.
Roosevelt spent Homo tlmo early in tho
day at the bedside. A bulletin Issued
early in the day said:
"Doctors Martin and Duel report
very satisfactory progress of Colonel
Roosoyelt. Ho is, of cnurso, weak,
but on thu whole his condition is most
satisfactory."
Poison Kills 300 Lambs.
San Francisco Baslllo Saffores, In
custody on a federal indictment charg
ing complicity In nn alleged I. W. W.
conspiracy to obstruct tho govern
ment's wur program and to commit
sabotago, will bo questioned by gov
ernment agents to ascertain whether
he has knowledge of tho poisoning of
300 lambs In Butchortown, it was an
nounced Thursday by United States
Marshal James B. Hollahan.