Boys of the Country Are Proving
Great Aid in War
The boyi of tho United States are
war crisis. This picture shows men
York's Vocational school. One Is doing
Uncle Sam Becomes Teacher
And Adviser to Every Home
On Materials for Household
A new hook Just Issued on "Materials
for the Household" la of Intercut to
every family. It wiih prepared by the
bureau of standards In populur lan
guage to moot tho nocil for reliable In
foritmtlon for homo use nnil will bo es
lU'clnlly welcome to nil who desire to
manage Hit) homo iih elllclently iih n
modern olllco or hliop. In this work
Undo Hum becomes teacher mid ltd
Tlitor to every household. Interesting
accounts nro given of tlm great variety
of iniitorliilM UHod In building nnil fur
nishing tho homo and In thu tunny
minor ImliiHtrloH mid activities of tho
household.
'J'ho circular In practical nnd alniH to
stimulate Interest In household inn to
rlalH (other than foods and drugs), to
explain their desirable properties, and
to aid In their Intelligent selection, ef
fort I vo UNe, and preservation. A bettor
Utilization of materials will aid tho
olllclont adinlnlHtratloii of tho lininu
and promote tho health, comfort, and
general well-being of tho household.
Homo economics Is of universal and
permanent concern, and ns Its Impor
tnncn Is more fully realized It will be
come a vital factor In national well
being, say Couimerco Reports. Tho
excellent Instruction In tho subject now
given In high schools and colleges has
begun a new era In home management.
ThlH circular Is a contribution from tho
bureau of standards to tho growing lit
erature In this Held.
Household materials nro of added In
terest to tho bousewlfo nnd student
from tho fact Hint formerly many such
materials were made up In tho home.
The making of soap, candleH, ynrns
nnd fnbrlcH, leather, sugar, alkali, wax,
tallow, pens and Inks formed mi Inter
esting group of tho old-tlnio household
Industries. In fact, most modern In
dustries aro thn outgrowth of what
were originally household Industries.
Tho modern factory has taken tip theso
homo Industries, and already somo so
cial control over tho finality, form and
price of factory-mndo products Is be
ginning to bo felt through agencies
such its thn consumers' leagues, co-operative
noddles, publicity In tho pub
lic press, misbranding laws, govern
ment control and thu like.
Our National Songs.
Thu United States lias thrco songs
which servo on occasions iih nntlonal
songs, hut by historic associations nnd
common consent ono HtnndH first, ob
serves a writer. This Is tho "Star
Hpangled Banner," wrltton In 18M by
Francis 8. Key of Maryland, whllo tho
Ilrltlsb were bombarding Fort Honry,
near Unltlmoro, nnd when tho Ameri
cans did not know nt what moment tho
fort might bo captured or tho Hag shot
down. Whllo It has nevor been olllclnl
ly ndoptod ns n national song tho cir
cumstances undor which It wns writ
ton nnd Us universal popular approval
cnuso It to stand pro-cmlnont. Tho
other songs of n national character,
but not so stirring or so populnr nro
"Hall Columbia," written by Joseph
Ilopklnson, In 1788, nnd "America,"
by Samuel F. Smith, n Baptist preach
er nnd poet, In 1832. Tho "Star-Span-rted
Banner" easily holds first place.
doing much to help the country In the
of tomorrow learning trades at New
electric wiring In the shop.
Robert Burns Never Went
To School, but Read and
Wrote at Very Early Age
Itobert Hums, tho "patron snlnt" of
.Scotland, nnd undoubtedly ono of the
world's greatest poets, never went to
school, relates Uindoii Tlt-IHts. Ills
father, although his Income probably
never exceeded tho proverbial forty
pounds a year, wiih a man of excep
tlotial Intelligence and a great reader,
and the future poet of "The Cottnr'n
Saturday Night" could himself read
the Illble at an early nge, and wns writ
Ing verses when most boys nro learn
lug multiplication. It Is quite possible
that hud Hums had great advantages
Instead of great reverses and hard
ships he would not have developed ills
peculiar gifts,
I'erhop tho greatest of Lloyd
George's predecessors never went to
school. This wns Pitt the younger, the
marvelous boy who talked on equnl
terms with the greatest men of bis
day at fourteen, and was prime minis
ter nt the ago of twenty-four, when
thu nvcrago young man Is JiiNt begin
ultig to earn bis bread and butter. Hut
I'Itt had tho advantnge of 11 home cdu
cation which would put the best
schools In thu shade.
Should Cease Our Grumbling
Because of Inconveniences
There should be a damper put on
the grumbling disposition. Things can
not run smoothly In these harrowing
days. Every ono thinks that ho could
miinago things to perfection, but If he
had to confront tho now set of condi
tions he would likely change his mind,
assertH the Ohio State Journal. Here
Is an Institution that Is ordered to cut
off light, heat and service, and yet we
wonder becnuso wo aro discommoded.
There aro new conditions confronting
us whichever wny wo turn, and they all
grow out of this horrid old war. They
cannot bo helped, though sometimes
wo think thu situation might be Im
proved, but wo should not think the
Improvement should come all at onco.
When wo get used to our Incon
veniences they will seem ensler, pnrtly
because they will bo made lighter and
partly because wo will becomo nioro
philosophical. Hut there Is one sugges
tion which Is that no ono should permit
tho war conditions to stand In the wny
of a wlso nnd thoughtful management
of whatever Interest ho mny control.
Tho wnr ndds duties to authority as
well as to tho people who bear thu bur
deus. Uso Logging Cars.
In tho serious shortage of railway
cars which has existed during recent
months tho lumber companies, along
with other concerns, linvo utilized
ovory nvallnblo rosourco to obtain
trnnsportntlon facllltlos, A largo lutn
bor compuny in Louisiana found n wny
out of tho dldlcult nltuntlon by taking
60 of its logging cars from its logging
ronds nnd making them up Into ono
long lumber train. By this unusual
arrangement It wns nblo to transport
1,500,000 feet of lumber Id a slnglo
tralnload. Tho effort was so success
ful that tho train hns ninde n number
of trips to the North.
Cheerful Opon Grato Is
Most Inefficient Devico
Used In Heating a Houso,
Tho winter day call attention to the
proper uso of tho grnlo lire by those
who will try to help tho country snve
cool. When tho need of using fuel
economically is ns strong as It Is now,
writes Van II. Manning, dlrrrtor of tho
bureau of mines, department of the In
terlor, wo can wiy, twisting our words
a bit, that the proper way to uso tin
grato Ih to use It not nt all. If we look
nt tho open grate ns merely a heating
dovlce, and know how small a propor
Hon of the total heat In the fuel enters
tho room to bo wnrmed, we must re
gard tho open grate iih probably the
most Inellldent of all tho Inelllelent de
vices used In heating a house. Tin
cheer nnd companionship of an open
grato tiro must not be charged against
the heating hill, but to Home other in
count.
Klllclcncy Is nlwnys n ratio or frac
tion, and Ih what you gel out compared
with what you put In. Into the grute
ono puts fuel that has the ability to
produce a large amount of heat, hut
the useful heat obtained from this fuel
Ih relatively small. Most of Hie heal
In tho fuel goon racing up the thltnney,
In company with a large amount or all
from the room, this air being replaced
by cold air drawn In through cracks
and crannies In the windward Mile of
the house. As a devico for drawing In
cold air n grato Is excellent, but It fur-
nlHhen much more ventilation than Is
needed. Mush less fuel, properly
burned In n stove, would wiirm the
house better.
BACK YARD
POULTRY KEEPING
If the best results are to be expect
ed from tho flock, tho hens must not
bo allowed to becomo overrun with
nee or tho Houso with mites. Usually
thcro will be n placo In the yard
where tho hens can dust themselves In
the dry dirt. If such a place Is not
available, n box lurge enough (ubout
two feet squaro) for the hens to get
Into It should be provided In the house
and a quantity of dust such ns ordi
nary road dust or fine dirt placed In
It to allow tho hens a placo to dust
themselves. A dust bath aids the
hens In keeping lice In check and
thercforo udds to their comfort. Usu
ally the lice nro not present on the
birds In hulllclent number to prove par
tlculurly harmful. However, It Is bet
ter to keep the hens ns free as possl
bio from thin pest, and if they are
not able to keep them In check by
dusting themselves, other measures
enn be undertaken.
To rid tho hens of lice, ench one can
be treated by placing small pinches of
sodium fluorld, n material which can
be obtained nt most large drug stores,
among tho feathers next to tho skin
ono pinch on the head, one on the
neck, two on the back, ono on the
brenst, ono below the vent, ono nt the
baso of the tall, ono on cither thigh,
and ono scattered on tho underside of
each wing when sprend. Another
method Is to uso a small quantity of
bluo ointment, n piece nbout as large
ns a pea on the skin ono Inch below
tho vent. If mercurial ointment Is
used Instead of blue ointment, it
should bo diluted with an equal quan
tity of vaseline. Any of these meth
ods will bo found very effcctlvo In rid
ding tho hens of lice nnd should be
employed whenever the llco becomo
troublesome. Two or thrco nppllcn
Hons a year usually prove sufllclent.
Mltcs nro more troublesome nnd
more harmful than lice. They do not
live upon the birds like the lice, but
dining the day hide In tho crncks nnd
crevices of the roosts and walls of tho
house, nnd at night they como out nnd
get upon the fowls. They suck tho
hen's blood, and If allowed to becomo
plentiful ns they certainly will If not
destroyed will seriously affect her
health, nnd consequently her nblllty
to iny oggs. They may bo eradicated
by n few thorough applications of ker
osene or some of the conl-tnr products
which aro sold for this purpose, or
crude petroleum, to tho Interior of tho
poultry houso. The commercial coal
tar products are more expensive but
retain their killing power longer, nnd
they mny be cheapened by reducing
with nn equal part of kerosene. Crudo
petroleum will spray better If thinned
with ono part of keroseno to four
parts of tho crudo oil. Hoth the crudo
petroleum and tho coal-tar products
often contain foreign particles, so
should ho strained beforo attempting
to spray. Ono must bo suro thnt tho
spray reaches nil of tho cracks nnd
crovlcos, giving cspcclnl nttontlon to
tho roosts, dropping boards nnd nests.
How Mon Laugh.
Tho fnr-seolntr man with fl RAD DA a!
humor lnurhs in his thmnt in
- m Dymp
modlo llttlo bursts. lie looWn
ho leaps, no tnkes a good surrey pf
question oororo committing himsolf.
olthor laughter nor speech escape
imiy. ue lets tnem out Judiciously. '
IN BRIEF. I
W. I). Oldman, n specialist in dis
eases of grains, arrived in Baker re
cently from Portland nnd will begin a
thorough Investigation of the grain
proapecta in Hnker county.
Warden Murphy, of the State peni
tentiary, stated recently that tho pris
on bread used by tho convicts is now
and has been for some time manufac
tured with one-third potatoes.
Word was received at Eugcno this
week of tho denth ot J. W. Morgan,
Jr., Lnno county boy who has been
serving in tho navy and who had been
stationed nt Maro Island. Tho cause
of death was not given in the message.
Tho Southern Pacific company's
home of tho red cars, located at Bea-
vcrton, is employing women, who are
helping to carry on the work vacated
by young men joining the army. These
women do their work carefully and aro
"making good."
Copies of an initiative petition, hav
ing for its purpose tho ousting of the
present members of the Public Service
commission, by repealing the act pro
viding for the election of such commis
sioners, havo been filed with Secretary
of State Olcott.
Tho Farmers' Union of Umatilla
county has telcrgaphed the Oretron
delegation in congress asking that the
warehouse where the grain is actually
turned over to the government, instead
of a terminal city such as Portland or
Spokane, be established as a primary
market.
The United States road engineers at
Portland hnvo recommended to Wash
ington that the 20-mile stretch of Pa
cific Highway between Salem and Au
rora be developed as a post road and
State Highway Engineer Nunn be
lieves that this means the work can go
ahead on the road this year.
The Gold Hill cement plant, which
has been shut down Bince the holidays,
resumed operation Thursday with a
short-handed crew. After a short run
on cement it will make an ctxensive
run on limestone fertilizer to meet the
demand of the farmers before the state
plant at Gold Hill will be in operation.
Ab further testimony to the mild.
springlike weather that has prevailed
during the winter season at Cottage
Urove, J. L. Orr has found a patch of
wild strawberries in full bloom. Un
doubtedly the hillsides about the city
are covered with the blooms, but it is
not likely that any berries will be pro
duced from them.
The old courthouse buildinc. which
has done service for Joesphine county
lor nearly du years, is being torn down.
Tho material will be used in the con
struction of bunkhouses and other
buildings at tho Collard & Moore
chrome mines, near Takilma, and for
buildings on the Barton & Griffin cin
nabar mine on Diamond creek. Curry
county.
Never in the history of Milton has
winter wheat given promise of better
returns at a corresponding time of tho
season than it does now. Last fail.
owing to tho late season, much grain
was seeded in the dust and it seemed
doubtful if all grain thus seeded would
germinate. However, when rains did
como they camo copiously and the un
usually warm winter was further con
ducivo to growing grain. During the
past few days a light covering of snow
has fallen nnd this is also welcomed by
farmers.
Recs R. Hnll, of St Helens, formerly
deputy county clerk, has been nppoint
cd county clerk to succeed A. F. Bar-
nett who resigned to accept a responsi
bio position with n shipbuilding con
cern.
Tho temporary inter-county bridge
over the Willamotto river nt Salem
was reopened to traffic Saturday after
being closed about a month. It was
closed because of damage done by high
water.
Tho authorities at Sherwood have
taken guns and nmmunition from sev
eral enemy aliens. Others aro being
watched nnd their guns will bo taken
as soon as tho fact of their possession
is established.
Tho deal for tho logging over of the
2200-acro spruce tract west of North
Bend, and south of Empire belonging
to the Southern Oregon & Mennsha
Woodenwnro company, which has been
ponding for several weeks, was closed
Saturday following receipt of a tele
gram from Colonel Brico P. Disquo to
tho effect that tho Spruce board had
entered into an agreement with tho
owners.
From samples of Victory brend
taken to the offico of Oregon's Food ad
ministrator at Portland, Saturday, ono
mado with n 5 per cent substitution of
potato for tho wheat flour promises
great possibilities. Tho baker making
tho experiment has found that this
vegetable can bo substituted to tho ox
tont of 15 per cent with very good re
sults, but it is not bolioved practical
to uso tho potato as n substitute for
wheat flour in excess of 10 per cent.
War Recipes
Cut out the following- recipe and
paste them in your cook book to help
you Hoorerize. They hare been
thoroughly teted by instructor and
pedl lecturers In the department
of home economics at the University
of Washington.
Baked Lima Beans 1 e dried lima
beans, 1 pimicnto, 3 tb olive oil or ba
con fat, I small onion, 1 ta salt, 1 ts
paprika. Soak the lima beans in one
qt of cold water for several hours or
over night. Drain off the water. Put
the beans in an earthenware dish or
covered casserole. Fry the thinly
sliced onion and the pimiento cut in
small pieces, in the oil or fat for flvo
minutes. Add them to the beans. Add
the salt, the paprika, and enough boil
ing water to cover the beans. Bake
the mixturo slowly until the beans are
soft about two hours. Add more wa
ter as it !b needed. If the beans aro
cooked in boiling water after soaking
inthe cold water, they may be baked
in one hour.
Green Pea Loaf 1 c dried green
peas, 4 c cold water, 2 qt boiling wa
ter, lie soft, stale bread crumbs, H
c milk, 1 ts salt, i ts pepper, ts
paprika, J ts grated onion, 1 egg, 3 tb
fat oleomargarine, beef drippings, or
bacon fat. Soak the peas in cold water
over night. Cook them in boiling wa
ter until they are soft. Rub them
through a sieve. To one cup of this
pea pulp add the bread crumbs, mild
seasoning, egg (slightly beaten), and
the melted fat. Turn the mixture into
a small, greased bread pan. Set this
pan into a second pan, containing wa
ter. Bake the mixture forty minutes,
or until it is firm. Remove the loaf
from the pan. Serve the loaf with
plain cream sauce. One-half cup of
cheese may be added to one and one
half cups of the sauce.
Hooverizcd Shrimp a la Newburg
lc shrimp., 2 tb oil (Mazola) or chick
en fat, 1 ts salt, cayenne, 2 ts lemon
juice, 2 ts cornstarch, i c milk, yolks
of 2 eggs, 1 ts minced parsley, paprika,
pepper. Cook shrimp three minutes
in oil. Add seasonings and lemon juice
and cook one minute. Remove shrimps
and add flour and milk. Cook until
thick. Add beaten yolks of eggs,
parsley, and shrimp. Serve on but
tered toast.
Shrimp Salad 1 c shrimps, 2-3 c
finely cut celery, 1-3 c cooked salad
dressing, lettuce leaves. Mix shrmp
and celery together. Moisten with
salad dressing, and serve on crisp let
tuce leaves.
NORTHWEST MARKET REPORT
Wheat Bulk basis for No. 1 grade:
Hard White Bluestem, Early Bart,
Allen, Galgalus, Martin Amber, $2.05.
Soft White Paiouso bluestem, forty
fold, white valley, Gold Coin, White
Russian, 52.03. White club Little
club, Jenkins club, white hybrids, So
nora, $2,01. Red Walla Red
Russian, red hybrids, Jones fife, Cop
pel, $1.98. No. 2 grade, 3c less. No.
3 grade 6c less. Other grades hanledd
by sample.
Flour Patents, $10.
Millfeed Net mill prices, car lots:
Bran, $30 per ton; shorts, $32 per
ton; middlings, $39; mixed cars and
less than carloads, 60c more; rolled
barley, $6668; rolled oats, $66.
Butter Cubes, extras, 48c; prime
firsts, 471c Jobbing prices: Prints,
extras, 52c; cartons, lc extra;
butterfat, No. 1, 55c delivered.
Eggs Ranch, current receipts, 48c;
candled, 50c; selects, 52c per dozen.
Poultry Hens, 25J26c; springs,
24; broilers, 2930c; geese, 1618c;
turkeys, live, 2426c; dressed, choice,
30c.
Veal Fancy, 20c per pound.
Pork Fancy, 20 jc per pound.
Sack vegetables Carrots. $1.50 per
sack; beets, $1.50 2.00; turnips,
$1.50; parsnips, $1.502.00.
Potatoes Oregon Burbanks, $1
1.25 per hundred; Yakimas, $1.50;
sweet potatoes, 651c per pound.
Onions Oregon, buying price, $1.75
per hundred.
Green Fruits Apples, $12.25;
pears, $2.25; cranberries, Eastern.
$17.50 per barrel.
February 7, 1918. C
Cattle-
Mod, to choice steers.... $10.3511.00
Good to med. steers 9.3510.35
Com. to good steers 7.75 9.25
Choice cows nnd heifers. 8.0010.00
Com. to good cows and hf 6.50 8.00
Cannors 4.00 6.00
Bulls 5.00 7.60
Calves 7.5011.00
Stackers and feeders.... 6.00 9.50
Hogs
Prime light hogs $16.2016.40
Prime heavy hoga 16.3516.50
Pigs 13.7616.00
Bulk 16.0016.30
bheop
Western lambs S15.0016.60
Valley lambs 14.6015.00
Yearlings - 13.0013.60
Wethers 12.6013.00
Ewes 9.0011;00