CUPS AND SAUCERS
TABLE APPURTENANCES THAT
ARE COMPARATIVELY MODERN
Originally Cups Were Dig, Flaring Af
fairs, While Saucers Were Small,
Just the Reverse of Those
of Today.
The cup ntul saucer Is n modern In
vontlon unknown In the days ot the
sixteenth century. Howls of various
sizes graced the banquet boards of
King Hal and Queen Hess, but cups
came In only with the Introduction of
such drinks as tea and coffee.
The beverages ot the sixteenth cen
tury were water, mend, sack anil ale.
In the middle of the next century came
tea, and with It the Chinese or "china
teacup. Strangely enough, the men
who Imported It from the Orient did
not themselves understand the method
of Its use, as possibly the conservative
Britisher preferred to Invent n style
of his own.
The Chinese put a pinch of tea Into
a cup tilled with bolting water, and
then Inverted a saucer over the re
ceptacle, within whose rim It closely
tilted. The object was partly to retain
the heat, but chleily to prevent the
escitne of the frncrance of the herb,
wlftch Chinese olfactories found most
delicious. The Infusion was permitted
to stand for five minutes, when it wus
decanted Into u second cup without a
saucer and daintily sipped therefrom.
John Bull, however, emphatically
declined to take his ten lu Chinese
fashion. He liked the appearance of
the ornamental ware upon his table,
font he Insisted on placing the cup In
the saucer, like a miniature flower
pot. and used exclusively to drink
from, preparing the beverage in n
common Instead of an individual re
ceptacie.
In course of time England began the
manufacture of cups and saucers, anil
pictures which have been preserved
from the days of the Stuarts show
big, flaring cups, four Inches across
the top, with saucers less than three
inches In diameter. By degrees one
dwindled and the oilier expanded, un
Ul in the middle of the nineteenth cen
tury the opposite extreme was readied
and fashionable tea services had cups
only an Inch and a half In diameter.
accompanied by five-inch saucers.
The bundle of the teacup rame from
Mediterranean lands. Originally It
was made of thick and strong earth
enware and applied to heavy Jars and
lamps. Its decorative possibilities
popularized It with Greek and Itonian
potters, who extended Its use to small
umphors and flagons; but, as the word
"amphor" Indicates, the handle was
double, like that of the bouillon cup
today. Single handles crept Into use
by slow degrees and were probably ap
plied to drinking cups about the time
that coffee came Into vogue In south
cm Europe, the beverage being taken
almost at the boiling point, so that
some device for lifting the cup with
out burning the fingers was found de
sirable.
Traveling slowly northwnrd, the one-
handled coffee cup finally reached
Great Britain, where Its merits were
Immediately recognized. It was not
lo'ig before handles were applied to
drinking utensils of every description
Sugar Cane in Arizona.
Sugar caue is being raised in Arl
zona for the first time to any extent.
Some 1,200 acres of the Salt Itlver
valley are under cultivation, and next
season this acreage will lie Increased
to 0,000. This Innovation Is predicted
to be the beginning of an extensive In
dustry, as the valley lands of both Ari
zona and New Mexico are considered
well suited for the growth of cane, and
the higher lands can also be cultivated
where Irrigation may be had.
Up-to-Date Taxidermy.
A Philadelphia taxidermist, who Is n
naturalist and hunter as well, has not
h1 the fact that hitherto little atten
tion has been given to the expression
ot the eyes In the stuffed animals pre
pared ut great expense for the largo
museums. lie says that the same eye
Is as likely tb be used for a camel as
for a lion. He Is now employing a
skilled portrait painter to go to the
Philadelphia zoo and make studies of
thu eyes of the various kinds of uni
mals. These eyes are carefully mount
ed, and glnss eyes will bo copied from
them, with the certainty of securing
for each animal the eye having the
distinct characteristics of Its species.
It Is claimed that the eyes of animals
differ as much In expression as thoso
of human beings.
Period of Adjustment.
"Why do they say that tho first year
of married life Is ulmost tho most dif
ficult?" "Because that's tho time she
lias to get used to the fact thut he Isn't
making nil tho money In tho world,
.and ho lias to adjust himself to the
discovery that his little angel baa
.temper und uses It ut times." t
Om Natdohal
DOTAIN1SC GARP
1
OOMt CT THE.
FOB. sovoral years congress has
been urged to give a now lease
of life to ono of the most In
teresting Institutions In Wash
ingtonthe National Botanic Garden
by removing It to a -lOOacre tract
in Bock Creek park. Ono need only
walk through the garden to approcl
ato tho need for such a change
Tho giant palms In the conserva
tories are crowding the panes of glass
out of tho roofs of thu buildings In
which they are housed. Bare trees and
plants encroach upon ono anothor,
pushing and struggling In their lights
for Ufo and beauty. Exotics that have
been coaxed to fruit and flower in
their perfection In past years aro
being persuaded to do so now, under
present conditions ot congestion, only
by the hardest kind of labor on the
part of tho gardeners.
In this beautiful garden, started by
George Washington, one meets people
from all over tho United Statos, says
tho Washington Star. A mecca for
school children, teachers, bridal cou
ples and other tourists, as well as men
and women ot purely scientific turn
ot mind, each season that passes gives
It some new attraction, each year adds
to Us collections.
Beccntly tho garden has been par
ticularly enriched by the successful
growth and fruiting of tho Carlca pa
paya, under tho loving care of tho
superintendent, George W. Hess. This
papaya Is something llko tho papaw
ot tho middle West, and Is also known
as the melon papaw. It is, however, a
tropical fruit, known In tropical coun
tries as the melon zapoto. It comos
from Mexico and Central America,
and tho two young trees In tho bo
tanic garden bear witness to tho fact
that the present occasion Is tho first
tlmo tho fruit has been produced in
Washington.
Superintendent Hess explained how
ho happened to bo ablo to produco tho
fruit here.
"These zapoto trees," ho said, "were
matod by mo. They havo been In tho
botanic garden, I suppose, about four
teen or fifteen years, In separato
places, but I found out that they
were male and female of tho species,
and put them together, and they pol
linated, with the result that thoy fruit
ed for tho first tlmo."
Too Crowded to Be Seen.
Hero Is a garden, an exhibition ot
great scientific, educational and ro
mantic Interest to say nothing of tho
bits of history entwined about many
of Its trees and plants which Is bo
filled with raro specimens that tho
average visitor cannot sea them be
cause of tho way ono is hidden by tho
other. Among tho most beautiful cre
ations of nature, the poor stunted
trees and plants reach out toward tho
skies for their "placo in tho sun,"
their sharo of tho air, that thoy may
thrlvo and silently teach tho lesson
ot the beautiful.
Hero is to bo found, really living
and growing, a cedar of Lebanon, such
as Is spoken ot In tho Blblo, growing
and thriving only on ono side becauso
It Is crowded too much on tho other.
Here also Is to bo found tho euphorbia
spiendens, tho "crown of thorns," oIho
mentioned in tho Bible. From tho
"sawdust" of tho former is mado tho
inconso usod in Greek and Boman
Catholic churches, highly pleasing to
tho olfactory nerves. From tho latter
comes a milky sap said to bo poison
ous. It obtains Its nnrao from its
principal characteristics, which aro
thorns and growth In clrclos.
Tho botanic garden Is rich In raro
foreign plants. Thousands of natural
ized foreigners, as well as school
teachers, their pupils and scientists
Interested In arborculturo, botany and
tho other branches of plant and troo
llfo, constantly visit tho garden to boo
thoso specimens, it
Tho myrtus communis of eouthorn
Europe has recently been tho cause of
many trips to tho garden by Jewish
EN
MOT HOUSC3
rabbis of Washington. This plant is
used by them In tho synagogues dur
ing the Succoth. If n plunt can bo
found with three leaves, something
llko tho throo-loat clover, thoy cheer
fully pay as much as five dollars tor
It. It Is said at tho garden that a
growor In tho West has found a way
to produco tho throo-loaf variety and
that he Is advertising It for sale and
doing a good business.
Soma Rare Foreign Plants.
A walk through tho conservatories
shows tills and many other foreign
p! tint s. One boos tho greater palms
pushing tholr way through tho glass
window roofs, at tlmos. and tho low
height of thoso roofs Is tho causo of
great troublo to tho caretakers and
attendants.
Hero Is a Washington ftlafcra. n gi
gantic California palm, tho largest In
tho conservatory. Hero Is a wampoo
tree, from China, which attracts tho
Chincso ot tho Pennsylvania avonuo
colony, and which produces nn edible-
fruit, used for preserving and also
for a mcdlcino. Hero Is a marlmosa
alba, the sonsltlvo plant, so-called,
from South America. Ono variety
closos and shrivels, It touched, an
other closes at night, as a bird closes
Its wings and nettles down, as If to
sleep. Elscwhero Is tho garabogo,
which produces tho best sort of oil
for artists, which Is also edible and
which also produces a mrdlclno. In
another placo Is tho Arabian cotfoo
plant, in still another the Indian
breadfruit, which looks something tlko
a grapefruit. Nearby, Is a "travelers'
troo" from Madagascar, which tho na
tives tap and from which thoy obtain
water In tho desort, Thoro aro In
censo trees from India, Japaneso
plums, gorgeous, scarlet hyblscus, al
llgator pears, and thoro aro, also,
bananas, the fruit of the latter grow
Ing in Washington, If you ploaso.
Tho conservatory Is rich In tho fig
family, many specimens bolng gath
ored hero, somo of which produco rub
ber and somo fruit. Tho fig ot com
mcrco belongs to tho rubber family-
Then there Is tho lnga (not Inca, of
course) of Peru. J.ho most beautiful
oak holly from southorn Europe, wild
dato palms which fruit In winter, rat
tan palms, malacca palms, sago and
tapioca.
Nearby are also to bo found tho
nophellura longanum, so familiarly
known to our childhood as tho lychoo
or lecheo nut tho Chincso Christmas
nut. Ono finds hero, too, tho choco
late plant, which has a fruit llko tho
lima bean.
There aro niso betels, nuts which
tho East Indian troops now In Franco
fighting for England, aro roported to
havo been furnished by tho British
government that thoy may chow them,
too large a dose of which is sad to
produco a stupor. Thcro is hemp,
from which ropo Is mado, and thoro
Is tho Clivla, a beautiful lily from tho
Capo of Good Hopo, named for Lord
Cllvo, famous as ono of tho earlier
viceroys of India.
Outside tho Conservatory.
Outsldo of tho conservatory thoro
aro hundreds of Interesting plants and
trees. Ono of theso Is an acacia plant
ed by General Grant. Anothor Is tho
Hottentot poison troo. It has a for
midable name no less than toxlco
phlaca spcctnbllls, or acocanthora.
This Is tho so-called "ordeal" treo of
Madagascar of which suspocted as
well as guilty persons In tlmos gono
"by havo been corapellod to eat. Tho
"ordeal," to tost whothor suspicion,
was Justly foundod, always so proved,
according to tho boliof of Jho Hotten
tots, for tho suspoctod porson who was
obliged to cat of It always died. At
tho botanic gardens It 1b Bald to bo tho
most poisonous of plants. It Is said
that a soed no longor than an almond
suffices to kill twenty persons.
To make good uso of lelauro is difficult
INSURING LIVES OF OTHERS
Practice That It Largely Prevalent
Though It Is Illegal How It Is
Don In tho Trenchoi.
A rocont caso boforo the court
throw consldornhlo light upon th
penchant soma people havo for upocu
luting In other pcoplu'a lives. Ono
woman hold llfo Insurances on her
paroutn, her children, her mother-In
law, her brothers and sovoral friends
Ot course that sort of tiling Is lllegnl
but It Boomn to bo a flourishing bust
noss nevertheless.
But hopo delayed tnaketh tho heart
sick and after tho insurers havo kept
tho premiums paid up to pretty well
tho amount they would gain from th
InBurunco company, they boo tholr
protlt molting awny and call tho law
to froo thorn from tholr investment
claiming tholr premiums back on all
sorta of Ingontoua defenses.
llathor n rotten business, but wo are
assured that It In much more prova
lonl than wo havo an Iden of. Thorn
must bo i tremendous tomptatfon to
assist fata at times, and In any case,
when relatives form tho chlof Invest
nimit on these linns, It must bn rather
exasperating to havo thorn politely In
form us that thoy nro "uulto well
thank you."
Ono recalls that scandalous "comlo"
song that had such n vogue a while
buck whorelu an Irritated hubby sang
that ho was stony broke with a wad
of dough staring htm In tho facel
Somo ot tho stories of tho "sweep
stakes" in tho trenches aro equally
disturbing, Tho namo ot each man In
tho roglraent going Into action Is put
Into n hat and ovory man puts up a
franc. Tho tnonoy Is divided between
all thoso who drew tho name of a
man who Is still allvo or unwoundod
at tho end of tho dayl A sotdlor can
splto n chap holding his name by do-
llborately courting tho attentions of a
bullet. On tho other hand, it tends
to mako them tonderly considerate ot
each others' lives and urgent admonl
tlons to "tako carol" aro not necos
aarily disinterested.
For Another Euripides.
If somo poot or dramatist as groat
as Euripides woro to rlso from tho
wrock ot this war and write of what
ho had soon ho could not bettor tho
denunciation In "Tho Trojan Women"
which runs. In part, "How aro yo
blind, yo treadors down of cities, .
yourselvos so soon to die." Thoso
linos woro spokon when this play was
prosonted In tho now stadium ot tho
City college. Thoy brought homo to
all who hoard them tho sickening real
Izatlon that Etiropo has sloughod oft
Its vonoer of civilization and Is back
whoro It was six centuries boforo tho
birth ot Christ, when ancient Grooco,
too, bollovcd that she had cmorgod
from barbarism and did not see tho
ruin then Impending. In Franco, in
Bolglum, In northern Italy and on tho
windy plains of ancient Troy Itsolf tho
Bhado of Euripides might again do-
nounco tlioao "that cast tomplos to
desolation and lay wasto tombs, tho
untrodden sanctuaries whoro lie tho
nnclont dead." In morals and lust for
blood Europo has reverted to tho days
ot tho cavo man.
Devil's Bible.
Tho so-called Devil's Blblo Is In tho
Boyal Paluco library of Stockholm
Sweden. It la a lingo copy at 'tho
Scriptures, wrltton upon 300 prepared
asses' flklna. Ono tradition doclaros
that It took flvo hundred years, or
from tho eighth to tho thirteenth con
tury, to mako tho copy, which Is so
largo that It has a table to Itsolf. An
other tradition nfllrms that tho work
was dono In n single night by n monk,
with tho assistance ot his natnnlc ma
Josty, who, when, tho work was com'
pletcd, gavo tho monk n plcturo of
himself for tho frontispiece whoro,
nmld lllumlnnted Incantations, It la
still to bo soon; honco tho namo. This
marvelous manuscript was carried off
by tho Swedos during tho Thirty
Years' war from a convent in Prague
Honey Shortage In Britain.
Evon tho boo feola tho war. Gor-
many has always been tho largest buy
er ot American honoy, but this year
has taken only $10,000 worth. Thoro
la a honoy shortage In England, how
over, and our boos may bo happy yot
Taken altogether, according to odlclal
roports coming to tho department of
commorco, Amorlcan boos havo bo
havod handsomely this ypar, Thoy
havo mado an unuaunlly largo crop,
tho avorago yield bolng 30.2 poundB
for ovory colony, as compared with
32.2 pounds last year.
Our ordinary crop Is 60,000,000
pounds, and It will bo groator than
that thlfl year. Prlcoa aro down, how
over, becauso ot tho shifting market
and hoary yield, and also becauso of
a vory much hoavlor crop In, tho West
Indies, which la handlod horo. Thla
country has novor aont much honoy to
England. Only $4,000 worth wont
thoro last year.
Conscience Fund Grows.
Tho United States treasury cn.
aclcnce fund la growing. Jt now ox
coeda $500,000, received from smug
glers, tax doJgors and others .
Most eminent Medical
Authorities Endorse It.
- Dr. Eborlo and Dr. nrallhwnlln m
roll na Dr. Simon all dlstlnmilshed
authors nitrco that whatever may Imj
the disease, Urn urlno seldom fails In
furnishing us with a chin to tho princi
ples upon which It la to bn treated,
and accurate knowledge concerning thu
nature ot disease cnn-cmia bo obtained.
II baokacho, scalding urlno or frequent
urination bother or dlstrfsa you, or if
uric acid In tho blood has caused rheu
matism, gout or sciatica or you suspect
kidney or bladder trouble hut write Dr.
Pie rco at tho Surgical Institute, Buffalo,
N.Y.; send n sample of urlno and do
ocrlbo symptoms. You will receive frro
medical advice alter Dr.I'lcreo'fl chemist
haa examined tho urine this will bo
carefully done without charge, ami you
will bo under no obligation. Dr. I'lorco
during many veam of experimentation
ban discovered" n new remedy which tin
finds la thlrty-Hovfii times morn power
ful than llthla In removing nrlo acid
from tho system. II you aro ntitferinit
from baokacho or the pains of rhruiim
tlsin, go to your bent druggliit and ask
for a N)-cent box of "Anuria" put up.
by Dr. Pierce. Dr. l'lcrco'a Favorlln
Prescription for weak women ami Dr.
I'lerce'a tlolden Medical Discovery for
the blood havo been favorably known
(or tho past forty ycara and more. They
are standard remedies to-day os well
na Doctor Plerce'a Pleasant Pellets for
tho liver and bowels. You can get n
amplu of any ouu of tbeco remedies
by wiltlug Dr. Pierce.
Doctor Plerce'a Pellcbi are nncqunlcd
rw n Liver PHI. One tiny, Suwr-eoatai
JVffft i Dose. Cure Hick Hcad.ncho,
Bilious Headache, Dizziness, Constipa
tion, Indigestion, Bilious Attacks, and
all derangements ot thu Liver, titouiaci
and Bowels.
BUTTE RF AT GONE UP
If fou mrm looking for Prompt fUturn,
Good Trie ami 3)uaro mako
your ! htpmvnl of Crm to
HAZELWOOD CO.,
rOKTLANU.
The Heme of ihe S!tifieJ Shipper"
Learned Something.
"What's the mutter with Flubdub?
He used to claim that our politicians
were tho most unscrupulous lu tho
world."
"Ho has been traveling abroad, I
think It witN a great blow to his clvle
pride when ho found they were not."
Louis vlllo Courier-Journal.
Thread of Interest.
"This cookbook ought to bo popu
lar."
"Why so?"
"There's a love story mixed In with
the recipes." Louisville Courier-
Journal.
Foolish Man.
"Can't say I like that now hat of
yours."
"Vet you liked It In tho storo."
"Well, It did look pretty when tho
girl tried It on."
Then tho troublo started. Louis
ville Courier-Journal.
Sticks There.
The man who drops his anchor In
tho Slough of Despond novor gets any
farther Answera.
HOW MRS. BEAN 1
MET THE CRISIS
Carried Safely Through Chnnrjo
ot Late by Lydm L. I'inkliam'g
Vegetable Compound.
through the Change of Llfo I had u tu
mor na largo os a
child's head. Tho
doctor said It won
threo ycara coming"
and gavo mo mcdl
cino for It until I
was called awav
from tho city for
aomo tlmo. Of
course I could not
go to him then, ao
myshitcr-hvlaw told
mo Hint nlm (jintifrht:
Lydia E. Plnkham'o Vcgotablo Com-
pounu would euro It. It helped both
tho Chnmro of Life and Uio tumor ami
Whon I trOt homo I tllil tint nrnl Mm ttnrlnr.
I took tho PJnkham remedies until tho
tumor waa gono, tho doctor Bald, and I
have not felt it slnco. I tell evcrv nnn
how I was cured. If thla letter will
help others you nro wolcomo to uao It."
Mrs. E. II. Dean, G2fi Joseph Avenue,'
Nashville, Tcnn.
Lydla E. Pinklmm's Vcgetablo Com
pound, a puro remedy containing tho
fiYtrAf-tlvn nrnnnrtlna rtt rrnl M n.l. -
. j-.u..w.v.u u. fWW Ul4 1UDU-
loned roots and herbs, meets the needa
of woman's system nt thla critical period
of her Ufo. Try It
If thnro In any symptom in your
caso which nuzzlon you, write to
the Lydia IS. Plnkbum McdicUit)
Co., Lynn, Muds.
iiiiiiiirvv.Kiiiiiii
mm