CUPS AND SAUCERS
TADLE APPURTENANCES THAT
ARE COMPARATIVELY MODERN.
Originally Cups Were Big, Flaring AN
fairs. While Saucers Were Small,
Just the Reverse of Those
of Today.
Tho cup and saucer Is n modern In
ventlon unknown In the days of the
sixteenth century. Howls of various
sixes graced tho tmnquet boards of
Kins. Hnl nnd Queen Hess, hut cutis
cninc In only with the Introduction of
such drinks ns ten ami coffee.
The beverages of the sixteenth con
tury were wnter, nieml. sack nnil nle,
In the inhlille of the next century came
ten, anil with It tho Chinese or "china
toneup. strangely enough, the men
who Imported It from the Orient did
not themselves uiulerstnml the method
of Its use. ns possibly the conservative
Britisher preferred to Invent a style
of his own.
The Chinese put n pinch of tea Into
a cup filled with boiling water, and
then Inverted a saucer over the re
ceptacle, within whose rim It closely
fitted. The object was partly to retain
he hent. but chiefly to prevent the
escape of the fragrance of the herb,
which Chinese olfactories found most
delicious. The Infusion was permitted
to stand for live minutes, when It was
deennted Into a second cup without a
saucer and daintily sipped therefrom,
John Bull, however, emphatically
declined to take his tea lu Chinese
fashion. He liked the appearance of
the ornamental ware upon his table,
but he Insisted on placing the cup In
the saucer, like a mlnlnture flower
pot, and used exclusively to drink
from, preparing the beverage In u
common Instead of an Individual re
ceptacle.
In course of time England began the
manufacture of cups and saucers, and
pictures which have been preserved
from the days of the Stuarts show
big. Ilnrlng cups, four Inches across
the top, with saucers less than three
Indies In diameter. By degrees one
dwindled and the other expanded, un
til in the middle of the nineteenth cen
tury the opposite extreme was reached
and fashionable tea services had cups
only nn inch and a half In diameter.
accompanied by five-Inch saucers.
The handle of the teacup came from
Mediterranean lands. Originally It
was made of thick and strong eartli
onwnre and applied to heavy Jars and
lamps. Its decorative possibilities
popularized it with Greek and Itoman
potters, who extended Its use to small
amphors and llagons ; but. as the word
"amphor" Indicates, the handle was
double, like that of the bouillon cup
today. Single handles crept Into use
by slow degrees and were probably up
plied to drinking cups about the time
that coffee came Into vogue In south
era Europe, the beverage being taken
almost at the boiling point, so that
some device for lifting the cup with
out burning the lingers was found de
sirable.
Traveling slowly northward, the one-
handled coffee cup finally reached
Oreat Britain, where Its merits wert
immediately recognized. It was not
long before handles were applied to
urinklng utensils of every description
Sugar Cane in Arizona.
Sugar cane Is being raised In Ari
zona for the first time to any extent.
home l.'JOO acres of the Salt River
valley are under cultivation, and next
season this acreage will be Increased
Ui O.fXK). This Innovation Is predicted
to be the beginning of an extensive In
dustry, as the valley lands of both Ari
zona and Now .Mexico are considered
well suited for tho growth of cane, and
the higher lands can ulso be cultivated
where Irrlgutlon may be had.
Up-to-Date Taxidermy.
A Philadelphia taxidermist, who Is a
naturalist and hunter as well, 1ms not
ed the fact that hitherto little atten
tion bus been given to the expression
of the eyes In the stuffed nnlmals pre
pared at great expense for the large
museums. He says that the same eye
is as iweiy to he used for u camel as
for a lion. He Is now employing a
skilled portrait painter to go to the
Philadelphia zoo and make studies of
the eyes of the various kinds of nnl
mals. These eyes are curefujly mount
ed, nnu glass eyes will bo copied from
them, with the certainty of securing
for each animal the eye having the
"distinct characteristics of Its species.
It Is claimed that the eyes of animals
differ as much In expression as those
of. human beings.
Period of Adjustment.
"Why do they suy that the first year
of married lire is almost tho most dif
ficult?" "Because that's tho time she
has to get used to the fact that ho Isn't
making all tho money In the world,
nod ho has to adjust himself to the
discovery Unit his little angel bus a
temper und uses It ut times."
DOTAINlfle
&OM6 OT THE.
F
OR several yenrs congress has
been urged to glvo a now leaso
of llfo to ono of tho most In
teresting Institutions lu Wash
ington tho National Botanic Garden
by removing It to a 400-acre tract
In Hock Crook park. Ono need only
walk through tho garden to appreci
ate the ncod for such a change.
Tho giant palms In tho conserva
tories are crowding tho panes of glass
out of the roofs of tho buildings In
which thoy aro housed. Hare trees and
plants encroach upon ono another.
pushing and struggling In tholr lights
for llfo and beauty. Exotics thnt have
been coaxed to fruit and flowor In
tholr porfcctlon In past years are
being persuaded to do so now, under
present conditions of congestion, only
by tho hardest kind of labor on tho
part of tho gardeners.
In this beautiful garden, startod by
George Washington, ono meets peoplo
from all over the United States, says
tho Washington Star. A mocca for
school children, teachers, bridal cou
ples and other tourists, as well as men
and women of purely scientific turn
of mind, each season that passes gives
It some new attraction, each year adds
to Its collections.
Recently tho garden has beon par
ticularly enriched by the successful
growth and fruiting of tho Carlca pa
paya, under tho loving caro of tho
superintendent, Georgo W. Hess. This
papaya is something llko tho papuw
of the middle West, and Is also known
as the melon papaw. It Is, howovcr, a
tropical fruit, known In tropical coun
tries as tho melon zapoto. It comes
from Mexico and Central America,
and tho two young trees in tho bo
tanic garden bear witness to tho fact
that the present occasion Is tho first
time tho fruit nas been produced in
Washington.
Superintendent Hess explained how
ho happened to bo ablo to produco tho
fruit hero.
"These zapote trees," ho said, "wore
mated by mo. They have beon In tho
botanic garden, I supposo, about four
teen or fifteen years, in separate
places, but I found out that thoy
were malo and femalo of tho species,
and put them together, and they pol
linated, with tho result that thoy fruit
ed for tho first time."
Too Crowded to De Seen.
Hero Is a garden, an exhibition of
great scientific, educational and ro
mantic Interest to say nothing of tho
bits of history entwined about many
of Its trees and plants which Is so
filled with raro specimens that tho
average visitor cannot see them be
cause of tho way ono Is hidden by tho
other. Among the most beautiful cre
ations of nature, tho poor stunted
trees and plants reach out toward tho
skies for their "placo In tho sun,"
their share of tho air, that thoy may
thrive and silently teach tho losson
of the beautiful.
Hero is to bo found, really living
and growing, a cedar of Lebanon, such
as Is spoken of In the Bible, growing
and thriving only on ono side becauso
it Is crowded too much on tho other.
Horo also Is to bo found tho euphorbia
splendons, tho "crown of thorns," also
montloned In tho Bible. From tho
"sawdust" of the former Is mado tho
Incense used In Greek and Itoman
Catholic churches, highly pleasing to
tho olfactory nerves. From tho lattor
comes a milky sap said to bo poison
ous. It obtains Its namo from its
principal characteristics, which aro
thorns and growth in circles.
Tho botanic garden is rich In rare
foreign plants. Thousands of natural
ized foreigners, as well as school
teachors, their pupils and scientists
Interested in arborculturo, botany and
tho other branches of plant and troo
life, constantly visit tho garden to soo
those specimens, it
Tho myrtua communis of southern
Europe has recently been tbo causo of
many trips to tho gardon by Jowlsh
Ga
HOT HOU3C9
rabbis of Washington. This plnnt Is
used by thorn In tho synagogues dur
ing tho Succoth. If a plnnt can bo
found with three loaves, something
llko tho three-leaf clover, thoy cheer
fully pay as much nn nvo dollars for
It. It Is snld at tho gardon that n
growor In tho West hns found a way
to produco tho throo-lcnf varloty and
that ho Is advertising It tor snlo and
uuuiK n goon ouNincns.
Some Rare Foreign Plants.
A walk through tho conservntorlos
shows this and many other forelgu
plants. One sues tho grenter palms
pushing tholr way through tho glass
window roofs, at times, and tho low
height of those roots Is tho causo of
great troublo to tho caretakers nnd
attendants.
Hero Is a Wnshlngton lllafcra, n gi
gantic California palm, tho largest In
tho conservatory. Hero Is a wampeo
troo. from China, which attracts tho
Chinese of tho Pennsylvania avonuo
colony, and which produces nn cdl-
bto fruit, used for preserving nnd also
for a medicine. Horo Is a mnrtmosa
alba, the sensitive plant, so-called.
from South Amorlca. Ono variety
closes and shrivels, It touched, an
other closos at night, as a bird closes
its wings nnd settles down, ns It to
sleep. KIsewhcre Is tho gnmbogo,
which produces tho best sort of oil
for artists, which In also edlbto and
which also producoB a medicine. In
another place Is tho Arabian colToo
plant. In still another tho Indian
breadfruit, which looks something llko
a grapefruit. Nearby, Is a "travolors"
treo" from Madagascar, which tho na
tives tap and from which they obtain
wator In tho desert. Thoro aro In-
conso trees from India, Japancso
plums, gorgoous, scarlet hyblscun, al
ligator poars, and thoro aro, also,
bananns, tho fruit of tho latter grow
ing In Washington, If you pleaso.
Tho conservatory Is rich In tho fig
family, many specimens being gath
ered hero, some of which produco rub
ber and nomo fruit. Tho fig of com
merce belongs to tho rubber family.
Then thero is tho Inga (not I:cn, of
course) of Peru, tho most beautiful
oak holly from southorn Europo, wild
dato palms which fruit In winter, rat
tan palms, malacca palms, sago and
tapioca.
Nearby aro also to bo found tho
nophellura longanum, so familiarly
known to our childhood as tho Ivchoo
or Icchce nut tho Chlncso Christmas
nut. Ono finds hero, too, the choco
late plant, which has a fruit llko tho
lima bean
There aro also betels, nuts which
tho East Indian troops now In Franco
lighting for England, aro roported to
have been furnished by tho British
government that thoy may chow them,
too largo a dose of which Is said to
produco a stupor. Thoro Is homp,
from which ropo is mado, and thero
is tho Cllvla, a beautiful lily from tho
Capo of Good Iiopo, named for Lord
Cllvo, famous as ono of tho earlier
viceroys of India.
Outside the Conservatory.
Outsldo of tho conservatory thoro
aro hundrods of Interesting plants and
trees. Ono of theso Is an acacia plant
ed by General Grant. Anothor Is tho
Hottentot poison troo. It has a for
midable namo no loss than toxica
phlaca spectabllls, or acocanthora.
This Is tho so-called "ordeal" troo of
Madagascar of which suspoctod as
well as guilty porsons In times gone
by havo beon compelled to eat. Tho
..-.v, " w.-. -- -
"nn oni " in whether nunnlclon
"ordeal," to tost whether suspicion
was Justly founded, always so proved,
according to tho honor or tno notion-
tots, for tho suspected person who was
obliged to eat of it always died. At
It. ..nlnnl I I. I In ho Ibn
most poisonous of plants. It Is said
that a seed no longor than an almond
sufflcoa to kill twenty porsons.
To make good uso of lolsuro is difficult
INSURING LIVES OF OTHERS
Practice That It Largely Prevalent.
Though It Is Illegal How It la
Done In the Trenches.
A rocont enso boforo tho court
throw connldornblo Unlit upon tho
penchant nomo peoplo hnvo for anoou
Intliig In nthnr people's lives. One
woman hold llfo Insurances on her
pnronts, her children, hor mother-In
law, hor brothers and several frlunds.
Of courso that nort of thing In lllognl.
but It Booms to bo n flourishing busl
noss nevertheless.
tl.t. t.... 1 t ....... , .
nick d after tho Insurers have k.pl
i.iu (it viiiiuiiin unii up to pruuy ivuii
tho amount thoy would gnlii from tho
Insurance company, thoy noo tholr
profit molting away ami cnll tho Inw
to freo thorn from their Investment,
clnlmlng tholr premiums bnuk on nil
sorts of Ingenious defenses.
ltnthor a rotten business, but wo nro
assured that It In much inoro preva
lent thnn wo lmvo nn Idea of. Thorn
must bo n tromondous temptation to
assist fata nt Union, nnd In uny enso.
whon relatives form tho chief Invest
ment on those linos, It must bo rnthor
oxnsperntlng to lmvo thorn politely In
form un thnt thoy nro "milto woll.
thnnk you."
Ono recalls thnt scatulnlous "comic"
song thnt hnd such n vogue n while
bnck whoroln nn Irrltntod hubby snng
thnt ho wns stony broko with n wnd
of dough staring him In tho fncol
Somo of tho stories of tho "nwoop-
ntnkon ' In tho tronchen nro oaunlly
disturbing. Tho nnmo of each mnn In
tho regiment going Into nctlon is put
Into n lint and ovory mnn puts up a
franc. Tho monoy la dlvldod botweon
all thoso who drew tho nnmo of ft
mnn who Is still nllvo or unwoundod
nt tho end of the dny! A soldlor can
splto a chnp holding his nnmo by de
liberately courting tho nttontlons of n
bullot On tho othor hnnd. It tonds
to mako Uiem tondorly considerate of
each others' lives nnd urgont admoni
tions to "tako carol" nro not neces
sarily disinterested.
For Another Euripides.
If somo poet or dramatist ns grout
ns Euripides were to rlso from tho
wrock of this wnr and wrlto ot what
ho hnd soon ho could not butter tho
donunclntlon In "Tho Trojan Women"
wiucti runs, in part, "Haw aro yo
blind, yo troadors down of cities,
yourselves so soon to dlo." Thoso
linos woro spokon whon this piny wnn
prosontod In tbo now stadium of tho
City collogo.
They brought homo to
all who hoard them tho sickening real-
tzatlon that Europe has sloughod on
Its vonoor of civilization nnd Is bnck
whero It wns six conturles boforo tho
birth of Christ, whon nnclont Grooco,
too, boltovcd thnt sho hnd omorgod
from barbarism nnd did not soo tho
ruin then Impondlng. In Franco, In
Bolglum, In northern Italy nnd on tho
windy plains of anclont Troy ItBolf tho
shado ot Eurlptdos might ngnln do-
nounco thoso "thnt cast tomplos to
dosolatlon and lay wasto tombs, tho
untroddon sanctuaries whoro llo tho
anclont dead." In morals and lust for
blood Europo has rovertod to tho days
of tho cavo man.
Devil's Bible.
Tho so-called Devil's Bible is In tho
Royal Palaco library of Stockholm.
Sweden. It Is a hugo copy of tho
Scriptures, written upon 300 propnred
nssos skins. Ono tradition doclaros
that It took flvo hundred years, or
from tho eighth to tho thirteenth con-
tury, to mako tho copy, which Is no
largo that it has n table to Itself. An-
othor tradition affirms thnt tho work
was uo" 11 81Kio uy n motiK,
with tho assistance ot his sntanlo ma
jesty, who, when tho work was com
pleted, gavo tho monk a plcturo ot
himself for tho frontispiece, whoro,
amid lllumlnntcd Incantations, It Is
still to bo seen; lionco tho namo. This
marvelouB mnnuscrlpt was carried off
by tho Swedes during tho Thirty
Years' war from a convont In Praguo.
Honey Shortage In Drltnln.
Evon tho boo fools tho war. Gor-
many has always boon tho Inrgost buy
er of American honoy, but this year
has taken only Jl 0,000 worth. Thoro
Is a honoy shortago In England, how
ever, nnd our boos may bo happy yet
Taken altogether, according to official
roporta coming to tho depnrtmont of
co minor co, American boos havo bo-
havod handsomely this year. Thoy
havo mado an unusually largo crop,
tho avorngo yield bolng 30.2 pounds
for ovory colony, ns comparod with
32.2 pounds last year.
Our ordinary crop In (10,000,000
pounds, and It will bo greater than
that this year. Prlcos aro down, how-
.ua u u uuwu, iiuw- i
hncnUHO of tho shlfHnir mnrknt
ovor, uocausu ui mu unuung marxoi
y,olj "L '""""i
" " 77,, V ," ,,' "v i
io Yh,cn ,B """d'0'1 ,orl- This
? "rn' "T?
"BUU w..., nunu noil I
thoro last year.
Conscience Fund Grown.
The United Statos treasury con-
Bdonco fund Is growing, it now ox
coods 500,000, rocolved from smug
glers, tax dodgora and othora
Most Eminent Medical
Authorities Endorse It,
Tip. Klwrln and Dr. RrallhnatU) M
Troll ns Dr. Blmon all distinguished
authors ngrea that whtitover may bo
thn dlnenao, tho tirlnn seldom (nils In
Itirnlahlna us wmi n ciuo to mo pnnoi
pics upon which It la to bo treated,
and nocurato knowledge ooncornlnu thti
nature of dlscnso can thus bo obtaluml.
If bnckncho, Honldlug urlno or frequent
urltinthm bother or dlntrrfs you, or If
urlo ncld in tho blood nas cniuou rumi
mntlam, Rout or delation or you susped
ffirc?
N.Y.j noiul n sample of urine nnd do
ocrlbo symptoms. You will receive (rcu
medical ndvlco nllor Dr.Pierco'a chrmlel
litis examined tho urlmi this will bo
carefully done without ehnrRP, and you
will be under no obligation. Dr. Plrrcu
during mnny yenrs of experimentation
has discovered u now remedy which tin
finds is tlilrly-nevmi times morn povcr
fill than llthln In rumovlntc urlo acid
from tho system. If you nrn euhVrlntf
Irom bncknclio or tho pnlus of rhcuuin
tlsm, go to your best druggist nnd mk
lor n M)-ceiit bos of 'Mtiiiric" put uj
by Dr. Horco. Dr. Plcrco'i l'nvorltn
Prescription for wenk women and Dr.
Pierce's (Joldi-ii Medical DUcovrry (or
tho blood lmvo been favorably known
(or the pnst forty yenrs nud more. Thrv
nro standnrd rcmedlm to-day as well
ns Doctor Pierce's Plunsunt Pellets (ot
tho llvor nnd bowels. Y.ni can get n
sample of any one of thesa remedies
by wtlUmj Dr. 1'lcico.
Doctor rierco'a Pollctn nro micqunlcd
tw a Liver Pill. On tiny, ituwr-caittd
l'ttlct a Dose. Curo Hick llendnche,
Bilious llendnche, Dlizliieea, Cotistlpn
Uon, Indigestion, Bilious Attacks, nnil
all derangements of Ihu Liver, BUunac
and Bowels.
BUTTE RFAT GONE UP
If 7011 ara loaklni far Prompt Kalurn.
Goad lr(ai and a Squara Daal. inaka
jrour mil thlpmanl of Craain In
HAZELWOOD CO.,
POHTLANI).
The Hone of the SaliifieJ Shipper"
Learned Something.
Whnt's thn matter with Flubdub?
He used to claim that our politicians
woro the most unscrupulous lu the
world.
"Ho hail hfmi irnvi'llnt.' ntirrmil.
think It was a exent blow lo lit elvln
pride when ho found thoy were not."
IouIbyIIIo Courier-Journal.
Thread of Interest.
Thin cookbook ought to bo popu
lar."
"Why so?"
"There's a lovo story mixed In with
the recipes," I.oulnvlllo Courier
Joumnl. Foolish Man.
"Can't sny 1 like thnt new hat of
yours.
"Vet you liked It In tho storo."
"Woll, It did look pretty when the
girl tried It on."
Then the troublo started. Louis
ville Courier-Journal.
Sticks There.
Tho mnn who drops his nnchor In
tho Slough of Despond never gotn any
fnrther, Answers.
HOW MRS. BEAN '
MET THE CRISIS
Carried Safely Tlirourrh Chango
of Life by Lydin E. Pinkhnm'tt
Vegetable Compound.
Nnshvillo.Tenn. "Whon I wiib irolnrr
through tho Chango of Life I had n tu-
lmor as largo as n
child's head. Tho
doctor sold It wan
thrco years cominir
nnd gave mo medl
clno for it until I
was cnllcd nwny
from tho city for
somo time. Of
courso I could not
go to him Uicn, so
myslstcr-in-lnwtold
hno thnt sho thoutrht
Lydin E. Plnkhnm'a Vcirotnble Com-
pound would curo It. It helped both
tho Chnncro of Llfo and Uio tumor nnd
when I got homo I Ml not tirZ Vie ilartnr.
I took tho Plnklinm remedies until tho
tumor wns nono. tho doctor snld. nnd I
lmvo not felt it slnco. I tell every ono
how I wsb cured. If this lottor will
. ,, , . - -:
"""P u"'ryou aro weicomo lo USO It,"
. r, T . .
Mrs. E. H. Bean, 525 Joseph Avonuo,
Nashville, Tenn.
Lydin E. Pinkhnm's Vceetablo Com
pound, a puro remedy containing tbo
extractive nronortlos of corn! old fmh.
ionod roots and horbs, meets the needs
of woman's system nt this critical period
of her llfo. Try it
II tlioro Ih nny symptom In your
enso which nuzzles yon, vrrlto to
the JiYflla IS. IMllkhiim MaiIIoItis
Jo., Lynu, Moss.
iIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIMmII