HOW UNCLE SAM TRAINS MEN FOR THE AVIATION CORPS Army Schools Aro Speeding Up Work to Supply Filers for Now Army. SCHOOLING MOST THOROUGH Pick of the Land Intellectual! and Phyalcally la the Raw Material of the Field Plrat Taught Mechan lea and Work Gradually Up to Difficult Feata In Flying. Now York. Undo Hum' new nrmy IIIUNt hnvo tho licit nvlntorii In tint world. Till in tliu order Hint hits coiiiii from WiiNhliiKtoii, mill Iho nrmy achooU tliroiiKliotit tlio country tiro striving to curry It out. Tlirru nru sunny obstacles rind dls couniKviiii'iitH, flint ncotit iiliiiica are nluiONt iioii-cxlteut this nIiIii of tlio Atlantic, hut tlio Htiiudiird already rt'nclii'il in en ii n iih vnnt advance. A trip out to tlio big government flying hcIkmiI on llempxteiid I'ImIiih, nciir Mlueoln, I. I., show n scene of hustling nctlvlty, ii hochlvo of Indus try, which bus apecded up oven over ltd former strenuous pneo In llio hut fuw tlnyit. At tlio cntrmice to tint field n stnl wnrt private, mi iiiitomutlc on Iiltt hip, chnllcngeK the visitor mid north Unties cloNcly tho pitpern shown. A step throuuh Iho pito disclose In side tho feneo n Hccne to rojolco the henrt of tho small boy n viiHt ex puno, on which grent ineclinnlciil tnl ouih purr mnl Mdp, now rising Into tho cloud mid now descending Hwlftly mnl gracefully to tho level turf. Framing tho picture ore row of nlr ptnno sheds, or hmigiir, barracks, urn chlno shops, nfllces mill other roiiKh buildings which liuve mostly been knocked Into shape. In tho hint few weeks. .Scored of fctuilents nnd snechn iilcliinx hustle nroiiiid mid over tho winged iiKinxterx, oiling, plying the wrench, milking tent mid seeking the Hllnhtent thiw, for every Hying inn chluo miiNt lilwnya ho In tho top notch of condition. Pick of the Land There. War will prolmlily hoou cliunge tho conditions hero In miiuy ways Indeed, nomo dlfforenceii are iilremly notlccithlo from ponco dnys. Hut moHt of tho stu dents urc Mill pnylng their wny and not n smnll prlco either. After puss Inn IiIk flying te.it u student muct turn over n $500 tuition feo mid $.'100 more In duo on Until exiimtmitlon. Tho stu dent must weigh not more thiiu 100 pounds stripped, mid "must fiirnlHh evl denco of having u college education und to of good moral chiirnctcr." Tho pick of tho limit Intellectually nnd physically Ih tho raw material of tho tie hi. Out of Mich promising nov ices Undo Sum miikeH finished bird men In threo months mid now even thin hrlof training period nifty ho cut down. Tho captain In command of iho Held explains tlio con rue of lustruc (Ion: "After the Mudcnt linn pnsscd hid preliminary phyHlcnl examination mid bus Imil tho mechnulHin of tho sun chlilo drilled Into hlin, wo turn him over to mi liiHtructor, who taken him up on n Joy rldo an n passenger. Ho goes up nhout II.'HX) foot tho first time. When ho becomes, during huc cexMvo flights, ncetwtonW to the Hwlft rush of tho lit r aloft, so dis concerting t" tho novice, ho Ik per mitted to linudlo tho controls hluiHctf, litit tlio Instructor Is thero to correct nny errors very promptly. 7,000 IN CELLARS TWO YEARS Civilian Population of Lens Forced to Oulld Roada by the Qerman Invaders. iinriH,nefvcon 7,000 und 8.000 of tho Inhabitants of Lens, which Is In tho occupied territory of France, hnvo remained thero and lived In their cel lars for moro than two years, says Kilo Ilcumnux, mantiRer of tho coal mines there, who has Just arrived In I 'oris. Tho former population of Lens wns 40,000. All tho cellars in tho town, M. Ilcu mnux soyB, hnvo boon urmorcd with co mcnt by Uio Genniyis, bo thnt they con Btlluto so many llttlo fortroascH. Tho cntlro civilian population Is obliged to work at road mending and railroad building. Tho coal mlnoe of Lens, which aro among tho most Important of tho re gion of tho Pub do Calais nnd pro duced 20,000,000 tons a yenr beforo tho war, hato bcou Idlo elnco tho Invasion and twvo uufforod Immcnso damage, Uo0m Is lKK) mllM lone. "In turn ho Is passed from ono to another of tho Instructor!! until four hnvo hud him, mid then they mako four separate reports on him. After (hat wo begin his training ' real eiirnent, as wo hnvo learned then whether ho Is cut out to bo an nvl nlor. Training Is Thorough. "Wo havo found thnt n student can not assimilate moro Hunt half an hour's lesson aloft In n day; thnt Is, ho does not profit by a longer lesson. Ho when ho comes down Im Is put to work at tho mechanic of tho Job, dismantling and nsscmbllng his en gine, detecting trouble, making such repairs its ho might bo called on to miike If ho hud to descend for cauno during a flight. Wo give him text hooks on motors, too, mid something about iicrn-dyiinmlcM, and tench him how to observe the earth an It tiles under him. When tho young nvlntor Is com petent to handle his machine ho Is Introduced Into moro complicated work, scouting nnd maneuvering. Tor liislnuco, on a recent dny n motorcnr wan sent on n devious ten mllo Journey over llttlo frequented Iong Island ronds. Its top wns broad ly striped In black nnd white, but oth erwise It could not ho told from tho tens of thoiomuds of other enrs which nro coiiHtuntly on the move over the Inland. "Twenty-four nrmy alrplnnes went up to seek the car. Twenty-ono left Where Aviation hero nnd threo enmo from tho gov ernment school nt Governor Island, Now York city. 'Tho car with tho striped top repre sented the head of nn enemy convoy. Tho airmen wero to detect tho bend of tho supposed column whllo the Int ter was still far from Its objective, tho aviation fluid, for there must bo tlmo to mako the Imaginary artillery attack upon It effective. Problems Easily Solved. Tor tho problem tho mnp of Ixng Island near the flying Held wnH di vided Into 21 sectors, ono being given to each scout. Tho lucky man who found the car whirred back to tho field In short order and Mlneola wns "saved." In another problem threo Fust L. W. F. tractors wero sent to n fur distant point, which wns not disclosed to tho students, and there Bout up as scouts of an enemy bent upon taking photo graph of the Mlueoln field. The stu dents were to locato these machines mid drive them back by heading them off. They did this with ease. Not all tho feats attempted work out well, bociuiHo real swift machines aro Inching. Tho slower machines do not stand up so well In u gule, al though otherwise easier to mnnage. It Is understood tho fastest machines now at tho Held nro tho L. W. F. tractors, capable of 05 miles an hour. Hrltlsh nnd French scouts mnko 135 THE FLAG Dy KENNETH MAC DOUQAL. Tho din it cast, tho tlmo hns come, Tho onulo Bcrenms onco more. The Stars nnd Stripes again Mmll wuvo Upon n forolKn shore. f Ilehlnd the Wag of freedom. f a ......... i i .. .. ....... Jt To crush tho I'rumitnn onKlo, ino penco oove urins again. Itoglmon brlxnilo, division And corps pass smartly by I Preislnit to crush oppression, That the flag o( right may ay. Men who wero known as hvnhens. Ilusslans, ,Frenchmon, lads from Germans, Austrlans, Italians, Are Americans again. To tho flnir, tlionl o the president! A toast! Wo'ro In tho right I Forward, march! We'll show the Prussian That we're not too proud to fight. A ml nunrlso, with clouds lowering later tn tho 'norntas, Indicates rain. nnd l.'W miles nn hour. Tho now Mo-rnlne-Knulnler, according to Miss Iluth Law, tho flying woman, mnkes 150 miles mi hour. Airplanes much slow er nro useless on tho western Euro pean bnttlo front. Htudcutn start learning to fly at Mlueoln on tho poky J. N. Curtlss bi plane, which go at tho mi nil's pace of 75 miles an hour. However, It Is taken for grnnted (hut tho deficiency In fast machines will soon bo remedied. All the art of air plane building tho French nnd Hrltlsh havo learned In nearly three years of wnrfnro will be placed at the (llnposnl of tho now ally. OunmlsHlons of Anglo-French flying men and builders will nsslst tho United Htntcs nrmy In manufacturing mid tench tho latest tricks of tho trndo to our aviators. What They Mutt Do. Tho Mlneola school Is otllclnlly nn aviation section of the nlgnnl ofllccrs reserve corps. Chilian volunteers en ter an sergeants and become lieuten ants In tho reservo on punning their examinations. These "exams" aro not to bo sniffed nt. Here nro soino pf tho things tho young collegian must do: Ho must climb out of a field 2,000 feet square and attain nn altitude of 500 feet whllo keeping nil parts of his mnchlno within the so, an re; ho must cut off his motor nt n height of 1,000 feet and land within 200 feet of n designated point; ho must lnnd over nn nssutned obstacle ten feet Idgh Is Taught nnd como to rest within 1,500 feet of It; ho must fly for 45 minutes at an altitude of 4,000 feet- "Tho psychology of this flying busi ness bo fur as tho students are con cerned," snys tho commandant of tho field, "Is a singular thing. In con sidering it you must put fear out of tho reckoning. Tho students are never frightened. Tho fact of tho mntter Is thnt they go Into It think ing thnt It's a daredevil Job. Then they go up nnd they'ro disappointed It Isn't tho daredovlltry they thought at all. So what do they do? They tend to go to tho other ex treme right nwny nnd wo hnvo to keep them from killing themselves with sheer recklessness. Wo hnvo to tench them with every ounce of nbll Ity wo possess that If they mako tho ono slip tjiey seem determined to mnko It will be tho very lust slip they'll ever make." 1 Bible Stops a Bullet Follnnsbee, W. Vn. Rev. Arthur C. Palmer, Freo Methodist minister here, owes his life to his Bible. This de veloped when ho turned over to tlio police several threatening communica tions piomlidni' to "get him sure" if ho does not censo his efforts to reform the city. Itov. Mr. Palmer wns shot from atnbush as n result of theso threats, tho bullet lodging In his Bible, which ho carried under his arm. TOWN WITH THREE NAMES Queer Situation Arises and of Mix- Up In Locating a New Town In t Kansas. Hutchinson, Kmu Tho pnsscngei who gets oft tho train nt lien Allen, n now town in Logan county, needs to mnko Btiro that ho Is not seeing doublo or triple, for lien Allen, although with less thnn 200 Inhabitants, has throo rnilwny depots. Moreover, ench of tho threo depots bears tlio nnmo of u different town. It nil happened as a result of a mix up lu trying to start n now town when tho Scott City Northern railway was built through Logan oounty on Its'wny from Scott City to Wlnonn. Two towns sprung up, ono unnied ICoystono nnd nnothor dirlstcned El Kndor, Lutor tho two towns wero merged nnd consolidated on a now town Blto nnmed Bon Allen, In honor of tho chief engineer who surveyed tho routo ucross tho country. So tliroo depots now stand at Don Allco, each bearing a different town nutate FOOD DRIVE IS BEGUN Director of Extension Service Seeking Co-operation of Every Farmer to Increase All Products. Portland Headquarters for tho big food drive to bo made by nil Oregon producers hnvo been established at C13 Oregon building, nnd Professor It. I). Ilctzel, director of tho Oregon Agri cultural College extension service, is In charge of tho campaign. He naid tho work was started officially Wed nesday of visiting and organizing tho farmers throughout tho state and bringing their earnest efforts to bear upon tho threatened shortago of oil kinds of foodstuffs. Tho workers who met in convention here went into the country to take charge of tho work in the various farming districts. Ten organizers were sent to tho outside cities and thero are already GO people in tho Held getting tho work under way. Mr. Hutzel feels every phaso of the Btate work will bo covered thoroughly in the campaign now being started. The men now in the field arc direct ed to determine first of all what the farmers require in order to produce tho greatest possible acreage of all sorts of foodstuffs, bs well as the max imum of animals and poultry. Then will go forward the enlisting of labor, of machinery and seeds to meet their requirements. FOOD EXPERT COMES TO U.S. New Chairman of Food Board to Arrive From England Soon. New York Herbert C. Hoover, re cently chosen as chairman of the Amer ican food board, is on his way from England on an American ship and will arrive hero within a few days, it is announced by tho American commis sion for relief in Belgium. After conferring with members of the com mittee here, Mr. Hoover will be pre pared to go to Washington to assume his new position. So far as is known by the men here who have been asso ciated with him in the relief work Mr. Hoover has no intention of aban doning tho chairmanship of the Belgian commission, although it is expected that the executive work will be carried on by other members, including W. S. Honnodl, relief director in America. NORTHWEST MARKET REPORT Wheat Bluestem $2.73 Forty fold 2.68 Club 2.67 Ked Russian 2.66 OatsNo. 1 white ?53.00 Barley No. feed 53.00 rnltln Steers. nrime...S 9.75rtM1.25 Steers, good 9.50 9.75 Steers, medium U.00 9.50 Cows, choice 8.50 9.00 Cows, medium 7.75 8.25 Cows, fair 7.007ffi 7.50 Heifers 6.50 9.00 Bulls 5.50(03 S.00 Calves 8.0010.00 Hogs Packing ?16.4515.85 Rough heavies 14.6015.00 Pigs nnd skips 1-1.0014.50 Stock hogs 12.5014.00 Sheep Wethers $ 9.7512.00 Ewes 9.0011.00 Lambs 10.2513.50 Flour Patents, $12.20. Millfeed Spot prices: Bran, ? 11 per ton; shorts, $44; rolled barley, $59; rolled oats, $58. Corn White, $72 per ton; cracked, $73. Hay Producers' prices: Timothy, Eastern Oregon, $2630 per ton; val ley timothy, $2224; alfalfa, $23; vnlloy grain hay, $1S19. Butter Cubes, extras, 34Jc per pound; primo firsts, 33Jc. Jobbing prices: Prints, extras, 36 jc; cartons, lc extra; buttcrfnt, No. 1, 37c; No. 2, 35c. Ecrirs Ranch, curront receipts, 31i 32c per dozen; selects, 33c. Poultry Hens, iuuc per pouna; broilers, 35c3Sc; turkeys, 2223c; ducks, 22(n24c; geese, 1316c. Veal Fancy, 1414Jc per pound. Pork Fancy, 19c per pound. Vegetables Artichokes, 85c $1 per dozen; tomatoes, $2.753.25 per opnto! rnhhaire. Softie ner pound: eire- plant, 25c; lettuce, $1.852.25; cu cumbers, $1,250(11.75 per dozen; cei ory, 75c$1.25; cauliflower, $1.50 1 7K nor ernto! iioiuiors. 45tfi)50c tier pound; rhubarb, 26c; peas, 5Glc; asparagus, 812Jc; spinach, $1.25 per box. Potatoes Buying prices, $3.75 per hundred. r.renn Fruit Strawborries. $1.50 porcrato; npplos, 85c$2.50 per box. Hops 1916 crop, 3tc per pounu; 1917 contracts, nominal. Wnnl Eastern Orecron. fino. 35c ner pound; coarso, 4044c; vnlloy, 40 45c; mohair, 65c. Cascara Bark Old and now, 78c per pound. STATE NEWS 5 IN BRIEF. I A truckload of mohair was sold in Corvnllia Saturday to Walter H. Kline for more than $3000. It was auctioned off and brought 66 cents a pound. While Southern Pacific reports indi cate a steady decline in the car short age from April 28, when the lato peak of 1157 was reached, to 909, reported Saturday, tho Public Service commis sion still is besieged with complaints. Governor Withycombe has tele graphed to R. N. Stanfieid, represent ing the State Council of Defense at Washington, asking him to urge Secre tary of War Baker that steps be taken to prohibit enlistments from the rural districts. Governor Withycombe has been ad vised by Attorney General Brown that members of the Third Oregon Infan try, who are in the state on Monday, Juno 4, will be allowed to vote on matters pertaining to state affairs to come up at the special election. With labor scarce, appropriations materially decreased and demands for wages soaring, state institutions con front a decidedly serious situation, ac cording to reports made to the State Board of Control by practically every one of the heads of such institutions. An 5ntridt5ntr rellf nt thn nnst in the shape of an old American flag has just been hung in the dining room of tne mot uutte inn at uena ine nag is one given by General Ulysses S. Grant to William T. Birdsall, father of W. C. Birdsall, manager of the inn, and bears only 38 stars, indicating its age. At the meeting of the Medford city council this week, Mayor Gates launch ed a vigorous campaign to stop all forms of gambling in Medford. The city executive said that a charity pa tient whom he had befriended recently lost $4.50, which was all the cash he had, in a game of poker at a local pool room. The monthly report of the Industrial Accident commission for April shows receipts for the month amounting to $77,937.29, and disbursements of $83,- 189.35. Cost of administration during tho month was $4121.66. The com mission had a total balance of $950, 947.72 with the state treasurer on April 30. The State Highway department may use funds available in the treasury out of the $300,000 derived from the one fourth mill tax to complete' contracts entered into before the present com mission went into office, according to an opinion by Attorney General Brown, sent to State Highway En gineer Nunn. The Beuhner Lumber company at North Bend announces a straight in crease in wages for its employes of the logging camps and mills of 25 cents per day, which places the minimum for men at $2.75, effective May 1. The company had this raise under consider ation for some time past and it is the first advance above wages generally current in the best-paying companies. The order applies to nearly 375 men. Sheridan has. to date, sent 62 young men to the army and navy. According to statements that devel oped at a meeting of the State board of control recently tho penitentiary brick plant may be closed down after the governor takes charge of the pris on this month. The Sunset Woolen Mill at Bandon, a newly-incorporated local stock com pany composed of 60 business men, has completed arrangements for the opening of tho old Bandon Woolen Mills plant, nnd operations will com mence in about three weeks. It will employ between 40 and 60 persons. Officers of four California cement companies that had been included in a Federal indictment against members of tho so-called "cement trust," charg ing illegal combination to apportion territory and control prcies, in behalf of tho companies enter pleas of guil ty beforo Federal Judge Wolverton tn Portland. After waiting a number of months to ascertain what tho Eugene Chamber of Commorce would do as to the pur chase of flaxseed from the state, and after rejecting a number of offers from outside pebple, the State board of conrtol has found that Eugene does not want tho seed and that tho offers made from other sources are now closed. Several of tho largo logging camps and mills in tho Clatskanio vicinity are in receipt of tho "red hand" postcards which hnvo been sent broadcast throughout tho lumber industry of tho Northwest since Saturday. Tho Bakor Red Cross organized last Wednesday already has 77 members. A campaign for 1000 members by June 1 is being launched and those at the head of tho movement expsct havo ono of tho strongest chapters in the state.