THE PHESS, ATHENA, OREGON OCTOBER 2, 1931
m
CONTROL
IS A PULE!
Growers Are Alarmed Over
a Growing Loss, Which
Is Great.
(Walter -A. Holt, County Agent)
Wheat growers are considerably
alarmed about the damage resulting
from smut. In parts of the county
the loss this year has been particul
arly great. Scientific investigators
have for years and years been giving
a very large amount of attention to
grain smuts and their control and up
to now the problem is not completely
solved. ,
There ere many, many angles to
the wheat smut problem, but only a
few of these can be considered in con
nection with this statement. It ap
pears to be a fact that bulking of
wheat is helping to aggravate the
smut problem in some districts, due
to the greater mixing of the grain in
the bulking operations, thereby in
creasing the spread of the smut. Tem
perature and moisture are factors
which have a direct bearing upon the
smut problem, and the shipment of
smutty lots of seed about the country
is certain to bear some relation, to
the whole problem.
There has been some disposition to
go back to the old methods of grain
treatment and to discontinue the use
of copper carbonate. It is a fact, too,
that formaldehyde or bluestone and
lime give as good smut control as cop
per carbonate,' but the older methods
have certain serious drawbacks in the
way of damaging stands, thereby in
creasing weeds, with yields some
times cut as much as 30 to 40 per cent
due to the use of formaldehyde or
bluestone. It is true that there has
been an apparent gradual increase
in wheat smutting in recent years.
However, it is a fact that the 1925
freeze-out resulted in the wheat acre
age at that time being nearly 100 per
cent spring planted, and spring plant
ed grain has very little tendency to
smut. That meant that the crop that
year was unusually free from smut,
but that crop disease has been in
creasing from year to year since that
time due to the fact that almost the
entire acreage of the county has been
fall planted.
If soil conditions are just right at
the time of fall planting, good stands
will come from the use of formalde
hyde, or bluestone, but the records
show that when planting conditions
are not perfect, and they frequently
are not, these older treating methods
result in serious loss in total yield
due to thin stands. Dry fall condi
tions are particularly in favor of the
copper carbonate treating method.
The following points may be causes
leading to heavier smut losses:
1. The use of smutty seed. If the
seed contains a large number of smut
balls, or if the kernels are darkened
by smut, the following crop is much
more apt to be smutty than if clean
seed is used. This is true even if the
smutty seed is well treated.
2. The tendency to use less copper
carbonate than , necessary. After
treating, the kernels should show a
distinctly greenish color, particularly
at the end opposite the germ. If, af
ter treating, the grain cannot be easi
ly distinguished from untreated grain,
treating should be done over again.
3. Treating machinery improperly
adjusted. Recently the county agent
called at the ranch.of one of the Uma
tilla county wheat growers who has
asked for an opiinon regarding the
treatment which he was giving his
wheat. The grain he had been treat
ing showed a very light coating of
copper carbonate. An examination of
the treating equipment revealed the
fact that the copper carbonate was
not being fed into the grain at a rate
sufficiently rapid, and by making cer
tain minor adjustments on the ma
chine, a thoroughly satisfactory job
of coating of the seed resulted.
4. Low grade copper carbonate not
always satisfactory. Last year this
office- sent out to Umatilla county
wheat growers a statement prepared
by the head of the Farm Crops de
partment and of the Plant Pathology
department at Oregon State College,
in which it was recommended that the
copper carbonate used for wheat seed
treatment should contain approxi
mately 60 per cent of copper. It is
true that the lower analysis copper
carbonates are giving good control in
many cases, but scientific investiga
tors take the position that the high
er copper chemicals should be used
for the reason that the lower grades
are less desirable where the grain
is fairly heavily smutted. In other
words, it is safer to stay with the
higher copper analysis for all kinds
of conditions. The difference in cost
is not of any great consequence.
Wheat League to Meet
The Oregon Wheat League will
hold its annual meeting in The Dal
les, November 13 and 14. The ex
ecutive committee held a meeting at
Arlington Saturday. A number of
committees were appointed. Joseph
N. Scott of Athena was appointed
on the taxation committee.
. Butterflies Fly South
Millions of small, brown butter
flies are reported in the Ukiah dis
trict. The insects are on the wing
and flying south. It is an unusual
phenomena, and so far as known,
such . a multitude of butterflies has
not been seen before in this county.
ITS
VOTE ON BEER
Prohibition Referendum Is
Sought, Ex-Service Men
Pass Up Bonus.
To the accompaniment of cries from
the floor of "we want beer; we want
beer," the American national legion
convention at Detroit aligned itself
with the forces seeking a change in
the prohibition laws and asked con
gress to submit a referendum on the
eighteenth amendment to the people
of the various states.
At the same session the veterans'
organization turned down a proposal
that immediate full payment of bonus
certificates be asked, and declared its
belief that able bodied men should
refrain at this time from placing ad
ded financial burdens on the govern
ment. The prohibition resolution was fav
ored by a vote of 1008 to 394. Cheers
and antagonistic cries mingled with
the shouts of "we want beer." No
resolution proposing beer came be
fore the convention, however.
So loud at times was the uproar
that Ralph T. O'Neil, national com
mander, frequently pounded for or
der and the speakers had difficulty
making themselves heard.
Just before final adjournment of the
convention, Henry L. Stevens Jr.,
young Warsaw, N. C., attorney was
elected national commander by ac
clamation. The discussion on prohibition was
the first on the national convention
floor in the legion's history and was
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the "Expert" Trap Load
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ROGERS GOODMAN
(A Mercantile Trust)
carried under a ruling of Commander
O Neil that the issue is not a political
one.
The majority report of the legion's
resolutions committee asking a refer
endum on prohibition was read to the
convention by Dr. Neal D. Willianu
of Missouri, committee chairman,
amid wild cheering. A minority re
port asking that no action be taken on
prohibition was presented by Lloyd
Kain of Lexington, Neb., and was met
with a chorus of boos.
"We want beer," came the cry from
the floor. '
High School Notes
English IV class. "The first part of
our time was taken up by the earliest
Anglo-Saxon literature," said Miss
Cameron, the instructor. . "The past
week we have Btudied the prologue of
Chaucer, and his time and writings."
Class Averaging 85
The Biology class is now studying
about the lowest form of animal life,
the protozoa. Special lectures and
laboratory work makes the study of
this kind of animal life much more
interesting. Mrs. Stewart says "the
average of the class is about 85 per
cent, which is fair for a class of 10
pupils."
refreshments, Mildred Hansell, chair
man, Bonnie Alkire and Velma Ross;
entertainment, Jasamine Trump,
chairman, Arleen Myrick, Goldie Mill
er; decoration, Lorra Ross chairman,
Jewell Pinkerton, Valerie Cannon.
Athena Ready for Pendleton
"The prospects for the Pendleton
game look very good," stated Coach
"Pike" Miller, today. The team is go
ing into the preparations with much
more enthusiasm and a new interest,
and has been working very hard on
fundamentals. The line-up, accord
ing to the coach, may be changed a
little.
Football Schedule Complete
The football coach states the sche
dule for the coming games which is
as follows:
Oct. 3..... Pendleton Here
Oct. 7 Weston..... At Weston
Oct. 17 Heppner Here
Oct. 23 Touchet At Touchet
Oct. 30 Waitsburg Here
Nov. 6 Hermiston At Hermiston
Nov. 11 Weston Here
The prospects of the team are fair
ly good and it is expected that the
Pendleton Buckaroos will be given a
run for their money in the game to
morrow. Among the players who are
expected to show their mettle are:
Jenkins, Pickett, Singer, Moore, Mill
er and Towne.
The Weston games are expected to
be very interesting on account of the
keen rivalry between the schools.
Select Book Reports
Miss Mary Cameron, instructor of
English in the high school, to a re
porter of the English Three News
Notes stated: "A different outside
reading system has been introduced
this year. The National Council of
Teachers of English made a list of
books with considerable scope both as
to variety and quantity for home
reading. Instead of pupils writing a
long book report, they will have a
private conference with me. My pur
pose in using this is to get them ac
quainted with good literature and de
velop appreciation through actual en
joyment of selections of literature
that are appropriate for high school
people."
1st and 2nd Grades Rhythm Band
"The first and second graders have
started working with their Rhythm
Band in which they learn to keep time
to music," said Mrs. Milligan in an
interview today. The first grade have
not finished their pre-primer work,
but will soon be able to start reading
in their primers. They have just fin
ighed their family books in which they
pasted pictures of families or family
members.
The children of the second grade
are reading in the Work and Play
books and are filling in and answer
ing questions in the Work Book in
connection with the reader.
They have also started an Indian
village for their sand table and have
finished their canoes for it. They are
just drawing the tepees for their vil
lage but haven't completed them.
Freshman Initiation
The freshman class was duly initi
ated into the ranks of Athena high
school in the gymnasium, Friday eve
ning. The sophomores, who were in
charge of the affair, presented a
snappy and clever program, featur
ing the members of the Freshman
class to the appreciative audience of
upperclasses and faculty. After the
program, group games were played.
Refreshments were served in ' the
party room.
Freshmen Study Exposition
"Good oral and written composition,
adequate expression of one's thoughts
are the essentials of Freshman Eng
lish," said iliss Cameron in an in
terview today.
When a person can express himself
adequately he can say at any time
just the thought he wishes to trans
fer to the person to whom he is talk
ing. The thought is then quickly and
easily understood.
"Exposition and description are two
types of expression. The freshman
English class has been working dili
gently on both of these classes of
composition in their oral and written
themes. This work should aid them
in gaining a command of English ex
pression. "
Girls' League Activities
At a Girls' League meeting, held
Monday afternoon, plans were made
and committees appointed for the an
nual Halloween party to be given for
the high school by the League. The
date for the party was set at Friday,
October, 13. On the committees were
Bgin Literature
The earliest literature of Anglo
Saxon times and the prologue of
Chaucer are being studied by the
Coming to
Pendleton
DrJellenthin
SPECIALIST
in Internal Medicine for the past
eighteen years
DOES NOT OPERATE
Will be at
DORION HOTEL
FRIDAY, OCTOBER 16
Office Hours: 9 a. m., to 1 p. m.
No Charge for Consultation
Dr. Mellenthin does not operate for
chronic appendicitis, gall stones, ul
cers of stomach, tonsils or adenoids.
He has to his credit wonderful re
sults in diseases of the stomach,
liver, bowels, blood,' skin, nerves,
heart, kidney, bladder, bed wetting,
catarrh, weak lungs, rheumatism,
sciatica, leg ulcers and rectal ail
ments. Remember above date, that consul
tation on this trip will be free and
that this treatment is di.Terent.
Married women must be accom
panied by their husbands.
Address: 4221 West Third Street,
Loi Angeles, California;
Coming Again
Save
Your
Eyes
Dr. H. C. Curry
the old Reliable Eyesight Special
ist of Seattle who has made Pro
fessional Visits to Athena for 20
years will again be at the Hotel
Tuesday
, October, 6th
For one day
Eyes Examined, Glasses Ground
and Fitted. .Charges Reduced.
POPULAR FALL
CUT TO
Approximately
mm
PER
MILE
far apply between points In
Oregon, Wahlngton,ldaho,Utah
(oxcopt oast of Ogden), Novada,
California, Montana (watt of and
Including Butt and Hovro), Wyo
ming (watt of and Including
Orangor), and lomo point In
rlliih Columbia. Minimum adult
far SO cant. Children half faro.
GOING OCT. 9, 10, 11
RETURNING! OCT. 19
(Horn by midnight that data)
AoDroxImara
ROUND TRIP FARES
TO DESTINATIONS
IOO 200 SOO lOOO
MIUS MILIS MIUS MILIS
AWAY AWAT AWAT AWAY
2.16 I 4.32 1 10.80 1 21.60
aggaga chocked.
Tickets good on all trains and la
all care. In Standard and Tourlit
Sleeper, add regular (looping
ear charge.
Uta this for
ORIOON'WASH.
OAMI
Seattle, October 10
Ask local agont
for dotails
IfaVSkISel ill