" WHAT YOU NEED-
The other fellow may have; what you
have the other fellow may want. Come
together by advertising in the Press. '
Buy Your Groceries From Your Home Grocer
BARGAIN DAY
Is every day with the Merchant who
advertises in the Press he ha some
thing to sell and says so.
VOLUME XXVIL
ATHENA, UMATILLA COUNTY, OEEGON, FRIDAY, JUNE 18, 1915.
NUMBER 26.
WILSON NOTE TO
BERLIN ASSERTS
Legality of Sinking of Steamer
Lusitania flatly Denied
by United States.
ORIGINAL DEMANDS RENEWED
Precautions Insisted Upon and Right
of Americans to Travel Seas
lawfully, Declared, Notwith
standing Warnings.
WASHINGTON, June 10, The text
of the American rejoinder to the Ger
man government's reply to the note
following the sinking of- the Lusitania
follows:
"The Secretary of State ad interim
to the American Ambassador to Ber
lin: Department of State, Washing
ton, June 9, 1915. American Ambas
sador, Berlin: You are instructed to
deliver textually the following note
to the Minister of Foreign Affairs
"In compliance with Your Excel
lency's request, I did not fail to trans
mit to my Government, immediately
upon their receipt, your note of May
28 in reply to my note of May 15, and
your supplementary note of June 1,
setting forth the conclusions, so far
as reached by the imperial German
government, concerning the attacks
on the American steamers Cushing
and Gulflight, . .
Principle of Freedom Recognized.
"I am now instructed by my Gov
ernment to communicate the follow
ing in reply: .
"The Government- of the United
States notes with gratification the
full recognition by the imperial Ger
man government, in discussing the
cases of the Cushing and the Gul
flight, of the principle of the freedom
of all parts of the open sea to neutral
ships and the frank willingness of the
imperial government to acknowledge
and meet its liability where the fact
of attack upon neutral ships "which
have not been guilty of any hostile
act' by German aircraft or vessels of
war is satisfactorily established; and
the Government of the United States
will in due course lay before the im
perial German government, as it re
quests, full information concerning
the attack on the .steamer Cushing.
"With regard to the sinking of the
steamer Falaba, by -which an Ameri
can citizen lost his life, the Govern
ment of the United States is surprised
to find the imperial German govern
ment contending that an effort on
the part of a merchantman to escape
capture and secure assistance alters
the obligation of the officer seeking
to make the capture in respect to the
safety to the lives of those on board
the merchantman, although the ves
sel has ceased her attempt to escape
when torpedoed. These are not new
circumstances. They have been in the
minds of statesmen and of interna
tional jurists throughout the develop
ment of naval 'warfare, ana ine gov
ernment of the United States does not
understand that they have ever been
held to alter the principles of human
ttv noon which it has insisted. - Noth
ing but actual forcible resistance or
continued efforts to escape by flight
when ordered to stop for the purpose
of visit on the part of the merchant
man has ever been held to forfeit the
lives of her passengers or erew.
"The Government of the United
States, however, does not understand
that the imperial German government
' is seeking in this case to relieve itself
of liability, but only intends to set
forth the circumstances which led the
commander of the submarine to allow
himself to be hurried into the course
which he took.
"Your Excellency's note, in discuss
In the loss of American lives result
ing from the sinking of the steamship
Lusitania, adverts at some length to
certain information which the imperial
German government has received with
rerard to the character and outfit of
that vessel, and your Excellency ex
presses the fear that this Information
may not have been brought to the at
tention of the Government of the
United States.
"It is stated in the note that the
Lusitania was undoubtedly equipped
with masked runs, supplied with
trained gunners and special ammuni
tion, transaortioe troops from Can
ada, carrying a cargo not permitted
under the laws of the United States
to a vessel also carrying passengers,
and serving, in virtual effect, as an
auxiliary to the naval forces of Great
Britain. Fortunately these are mat
ters concerning which the Government
of the United States is in a position
tn rive the imperial German govern
ment official' information. Of the
facta alleeed in Your Excellency's
note, if true, the Government of the
United States would have been bound
to take official cognizance in per
forming its recognized duty as a neu
tral power and in enforcing its Na
tional laws. '
"It was its duty to see to it that
the Lusitania was not armed for of
fensive action, that she was not serv
ing as a transport, that she did not
carry a' cargo prohibited by ..the
statutes of the United States, and
that if, in fact, she was a naval, ves
sel of Great Britain she should not
receive clearance as a merchantman,
and it performed that, duty and en
forced its statutes with scrupulous
vigilance through its regularly con
stituted officials. It is able, there
fore, to assure the imperial German
government that it has been misin
formed. ". ' ',
If the imperial German govern
ment should deem itself to be in pos
session of convincing evidence that the
officials of the Government of the
United States did not perform these
duties with thoroughness, the Gov
ernment of the United States sin
cerely hopes that it will submit that
evidence for consideration.
- Contentions Held Irrelevant
"Whatever, may be the contentions
of the imperial German government
regarding the carriage of contraband
of war on board the Lusitania, or re
garding the explosion of that material
by torpedo, it need only be said that,
the view of this uovernment, we
contentions are irrelevant to the ques
tion of the legality of the methods
used by the German naval authori
ties in sinking that vessel.
"But the sinking of passenger snips
involves principles of humanity which
throw into the background any special
circumstances of detail that may be
thought to affect the cases principles
which lift it, as the imperial govern
ment will no doubt be quick to recog
nize and acknowledge, out of the class
of ordinary subjects of diplomatic dis
cussion or international controversy.
Whatever be the facts regarding the
Lusitania, the principal fact is that a
great Bteamer, primarily and chiefly
conveyance for passengers and car
rying more than 1000 souls who had
no part or lot in the conduct of the
war, was torpedoed and sunk without
so much as a challenge or a warning,
and that men, women . and ; children
were sent to their death in circum
stances unparalleled in modern warfare.
Duty Owed to Humanity.
"The fact that more than 100 Amer
ican citizens were among those who
perished made it the duty of the Gov
ernment of the United States to speak
of these things, and once more, with
solemn emphasis, to call the atten
tion of the imperial German govern
ment to the grave responsibility which
the Government of the United States
conceives that it has incurred in this
tragic occurrence and to the indis
putable principle upon which that re
sponsibility rests. The Government
at the United States is contending for
something much greater than mere
rights of property or privileges of
commerce. It is contending for noth
ing less high and sacred than the
rights of humanity, which every gov
ernment honors itself -; in respecting
and which no government is justified
in resigning on behalf of those under
its care and authority. Only her
actual resistance to capture or refusal
to stop when ordered to do so for
tne purpose of visit could have af
forded the commander of the sub
marine any justification for so much
as putting the lives of those on board
the ship in jeopardy. . This principle
the Government of the United States
understands the explicit instructions
issued on August 3, 1914, by the im
perial German Admiralty to its com
manders at sea to have recognized and
embodied, as do the naval codes of all
other nations, and upon it every
traveler and seaman had a right to
depend. It is upon this principle of
humanity, as well as upon the law
founded upon this principle, that the
United States must stand.
The Government of the United
States is happy to observe that Your
Excellency's note closes with the in
timation that the imperial' German
government is willing, now as before,
to accept the good offices of the
United States in an attempt to come
to an understanding with the govern
ment of Great Britain, by which the
character and conditions of the war
upon the sea may be changed. The
Government of the United States
would consider it a privilege thus to
serve its friends and the world. It
stands ready at any time to convey
to either government any intimation
or suggestion the other may be will
ing to have it convey, and cordially
invites the imperial German govern
ment to make use of its services in
this way at its convenience. The
whole world is concerned in anything
that may bring about even a partial
accommodation of interests or in any
way mitigate the terrors of the pres
ent distressing conflict.
"In the meantime, whatever
rangement may happily be made be
tween the parties to the war, and
whatever may in the opinion of the
imperial German government have
been the provocation or the circum
stantial justification for the past acts
of its commanders at sea, the Govern
ment of the United States confidently
looks to see the justice and humanity
of the government of Germany vin
dicated in all eases where Americans
have been wronged or their rights as
neutrals invaded.
"The Government of the United
States therefore very earnestly , and
very solemnly renews the representa
tions of its note transmitted to the
imperial German government on the
15th of May and relies in these repre
sentations upon the principles of hu
manity, the universally recognized
understandings of international law
and the ancient friendship of the Ger
man nation. -Rights
of Americans Reasserted.
"The . Government of the -United
States cannot admit that the procla
mation of a war zone from which
neutral ships have been warned to
WORLD'S DOINGS
OF CURRENT WEEK
Brief Resume of General News
From AH Around the Earth.
I OREGON NEWS OP GlffiAL INTEREST , I
.. . .. v.. - v '- ' , "
UNIVERSAL HAPPENINGS IN A NUTSHELL
Live News Items of All Nations and
Pacific Northwest Condensed
for Our Busy Readers.
The will of the late Mrs. Frank Les
lie, bequeaths $1,500,000 to the cause
of woman suffrage. -
England is making full compensa
tion to American shippers of cotton
confiscated by that government.
Recovery of - King Constantine, of
Greece, who is suffering from pneu
monia, is now thought probable.
The O.-W. K. & N. railroad com
pany is planning extensive extensions
to its lines in many parts of Uregon,
Losses in the British navy up to May
31, total 13,547, of this number 8245
were killed, the rest wounded or miss
ing. '
A class of 142 new cadets has been
admitted to West Point Military Acad
emy, which includes one Chinese, K.
Wang. .
Refugees from many ports in Mex
ico arriving at Galveston, Tex., state
that many men, women and children
are dying daily of starvation. ,
The House of Commons has voted an
additional war credit of $1,250,000,
000, and - the previous records show
that the war is costing England $15,-
000,000 daily. .
Three hundred and forty-two cases
of typhus had been reported in Austria
in the week ended June 5, according
to a dispatch received by the Temps
from Berne, Switzerland.
: Great Britain has made formal pro
test to Washington for aeronautical
raids by Germany .on London, on the
grounds that that . city is unprotected
and not subject to attack according to
international law. . ,(. ...
Miss Genevhsve . Clark, daughter of
Champ Clarkr. speaker of the house of
representatives, will be married the
latter part of this month. - Members
of congress have given her 8 necklace
containing 85 diamonds. ' . . ,
The National Security League, in
session in New York City, has passed
a resolution asking President Wilson
to urge congress to make more ade
quate defense of this country by addi
tions to the army and navy. .
The European war is swelling the
Washington government s cable toll
bill into large figures. The State de
partment's bill for cables alone last
month reached $18,000. One month
the cable bill rose to $30,000.
Warring factions in Mexico have de
cided on Manuel Vasquez Tagle, min
ister of justice in the cabinet of Mad
ero, as the probable new president Of
Mexico. General Carranza has not yet
joined the coalition movement. .
German Socialists at a meeting in
Munich are reported to have denounced
King Ludwig, of Bavaria, because of
the speech recently made by him con
cerning the annexation of Belgium.
According: to dispatches the .socialists
are reported to have said that Belgium
must be independent again no matter
how the war results.
A German submarine Friday sank
two British torpedo boats, one steamer
and six trawlers. ' '-'
The schooner New Jersey is reported
lost in the Arctic regions and four of
her crew have perished. -
The plant of the Butte Socialist, a
weekly paper of Butte, Montana, was
blown up by dynamite.
Italian troops are reported as having
occupied Monf alcone, and being within
sight of Trieste, Austria. , :
American friends of Germany be
lieve the critical stage in the Lusi
tania controversy is passed. -
Highway Paving Tangle Settled.
Salem Informed that the Columbia
County court and the Consolidated Con
struction company has reached an
agreement that the company be paid
$65,000 for work on Columbia High
way, the State Highway commission
gave the county permission to reduce
its appropriation for roads this year
from $40,000 to $35j000. . '
Henry L. Bowlby, when state high
way engineer, estimated tne amount
due the company at $54,500, so various
statements that the prospective settle
ment would be a vindication of that
official are proved to have been ground
less by the county allowing the com
pany $10,500 more than he recommend
ed be paid.
The commission s reason for permit
ting the county to reduce its appropri
ation $5000 was that it had reduced
the state appropriation of $60,000 rec
ommended by Major Bowlby to $50,-
000, the county appropriation' having
been made on the belief that it would
be allowed the amount recommended
by the engineer from the state.
While the commission at numerous
hearings declared that it was not with
in its jurisdiction to settle the differ
ences between the county and the com
pany, sufficient evidence was produced
to show that the company probably
was entitled to more money than the
engineer recommended be paid. The
company, however, declined to state
the amount it desired, contending that
it was the duty of the highway depart
ment to have the work rechecked and
correct the figures. This the commis
sion said it could not authorize, al
though there was a partial recheckmg
by a private engineer, who reported
that the company was entitled to sev
eral thousand more than Major Bowlby
estimated.
Commission Aides Named.
Salem State Insurance Commis
sioner Wells announces that James P.
Moffett, of Portland, chairman of. the
committee on fire insurance on the
Code commission appointed by Gover-
Withycombe, had named the fol
lowing to act with him in preparing a
fire insurance bill for submission to
the next legislature.
F. E. Beach, reprsenting the ure
gon domestic fire insurance companies
John H. Burgard, representing the
general agencies in Oregon; Harvey
O'Brvan.' representing the Salem
salesmen agencies; W. A. Williams,
representing Eastern insurance com
panies; .Chester Deering, representing
special agents, and J. C. Veazie, who
will be the attorney for the commit
tee. . i.'-. .i J'- '. " . i.-'
; A meeting of the committee will be
called in a few days to consider a
standard policy form, rates and the
suggestion for a state fire marshal.
; Boat to Coquille Planned. -
keep away may be made to operate
as in any degree an abbreviation of
the rights of either of American ship
masters or of American citizens bound
lawful errands as passengers on
merchant ships of belligerent nation
ality. It does not understand the im
perial German government to ques
tion those rights. It understands it
also to accept as established beyond
question the principle that the lives
of non-combatants cannot lawfully or
rightfully be put in jeopardy by the
capture or destruction of an unresist
ing merchantman and to recognize
the obligation to take sufficient pre
caution to ascertain whether a sus
pected merchantman is in fact of
belligerent nationality or is in fact
carrying contraband of war under
neutral flag.
. "The Government of the United
States therefore deems it reasonable
to expect that the imperial German
government will adopt the measures
necessary to put these principles into
practice in respect to the safeguard-
inr of American lives and American
ships and asks for assurances that
this will be don.
"ROBERT LANSING,
"Secretary of Stat ad Interim."
Marshfield John R. McGee, ownerH
of the Riverton coal, mine on the Co
quille river, has asked merchants on
the Coquille river to guarantee him
freight shipments coming out of Port
land and promises to charter a 800-ton
vessel to ply between Portland and
the Coquille river. Mr. McGee recent
ly returned from Portland, where he se
cured contracts with coal dealerB to
handle 200 tons of coal weekly and re
ceived assurances from the Portland
Chamber of Commerce of 200 tons of
freight for each return trip, providing
merchants on the Coquille favored the
new service.
It is Mr. McGill's intention to give
weekly service between Riverton and
Portland and if a market can be se
cured for 300 tons of coal each week,
the northbound trips would be capacity
cargoes. "
Suit Aimed at Bond Sale.
Roseburg A suit was filed in the
Circuit court here to test the validity
of the railroad bonding election held
in Roseburg recently. The plaintiff is
Harry Pearce, president of the Rose
burg Commercial club, and the object
stated is to restrain the mayor and re
corder from issuing or selling the said
bonds. The complaint is lengthy and
covers in detail the legal procedure
leading up to the bond election. Mr.
Pearce is a booster for the railroad and
the suit is a friendly one to determine
the validity of the procedure.
Two Counties to" Build Road
Tillamook The County courts of
Yamhjll and Tillamook counties, at a
session in this city, decided to form a
joint road district to build the Sour
Grass route, each county appropriating
$10,000. It is the intention of tne
Count? courts to call for bids at once,
and it is estimated that the road can
be built and planked in 60 days for
$20,000. J ,
. Salmon Outlook Good. 1
Astoria General Manager Barker,
of the Columbia River Packers' asso
ciation, received a wireless message
from Chignik Bay, Alaska, stating
that everyone connected with the asso
ciation's cannery there is in the best
of health. The message also stated
that preparations are being made to
begin packing fish and the outlook for
the season is good. '
Boston Gets Wool Clip.
" Echo A large sale of wool was
made here recently, 125,000 pounds of
1916 clip going at a private sale. The
price was not made public The wool
was sold by Antone Vey and Joseph
Monese, and was bought by Crimmins
& Pierce, of Boston, Mass. It is now
being baled for shipment. i
, Growing Filberts in Oregon, t
Oregon Agricultural College, Cor-
vallis Although filbert growing in
Oregon is still in the experimental
stage, there have been good results in
severaLinstances. This was to be ex
pected, Bince wild hazelnuts grow in
Western Oregon, and the same condi
tions are required in the main for the
production of the filbert. Professor
C. I. Lewis calls attention to the fact
that filbert-growing on the experiment
station farms at Corvalhs is quite sat
isfactory up to this time and promising
for the future, although nothing defi
nite regarding the success of the in
dustry under Oregon conditions can be
published now. . -t .
"For the past two years," says JrTo-
fessor Lewis, "three' of the six-year-old
trees on the station grounds have
borne at the rate of 1,000 pounds of
nuts per acre, the varieties being Bar
celona, DuChilly and d' Alger. Other
varieties which are being tried out are
Daviana, Kentihsm Cob, Cob Filbert,
White Aveline, Red Aveline, Purple
Aveline, Crosse Blanche, Montebello,
Nottingham, and Hall das Geantes.
Some of the varieties bore' a few nuts
the second season from planting, and
all of them bore some the third season,
although it was not until the fourth
year - that anything like a commercial
crop was harvested from any of the
varieties. - ' - ,
"There are two possible drawbacks
to filbert culture. One is the squirrels
If one is planting the nuts, he will
have to watch the squirrels closely in
the fall or it will not be necessary to
hire help to harvest the crop. The
second possible drawback is the blight,
a disease that was said to be Berious in
years past. The plant pathologists at
this station are working on this dis
ease at the present time and seem to
feel somewhat encouraged. The filbert
is a nut which will sell readily and
probably will be very profitable. One
will simply have to run the chance or
blight for the time being, - and can
probably guard against the squirrels
bv taking a few precautions. ,
The propagation of niberta py nuts
is not recommended; the seedlings
show too wide a range of variation to
warrant this practice.- The best plan
is to obtain one-year old or two-year
old trees from a nursery. Any one of
the-leading nursery firms of the North
west can probably furnish all the com
mon varieties of filberts.
"The filbert is UBually propagated
by means of hard wood cuttings. Cut
tings from six to eight inches are
made late - in September or early In
October, tied in bunches of twenty-
five to fifty, and packed in moist sand
or sawdust, where they remain during
the winter. By spring the lower ends
will usually be calloused over, and
when the ground is still damp they are
lined out in the nursery row, and the
top of the cutting coming at about the
surface of the. ground.
"During the winter the cuttings
should not be In a placed where water
collects or where it is too wet, but
simply kept moist and cool. Of course,
the cuttings are made of last season's
growth, just as the cuttings of grapes,
currants or gooseberries, in fact,
both the method of making the cut
tings and treatment which the filbert
should receive is practically identical
with that employed for these other
fruits.
Filberts may be planted from ten
to fifteen feet apart." -.
FISHING, TACKLE!
The Trout Season is here, and we are prepared
to give you anything in the Tackle line you may de
sire. We are carrying a dandy line of
Split Bamboo Rods, Reels, Leaders,
Plies, Fly Books, Baskets, Etc.
Newberg Wins $50,000. v
Newberg The members of the
Friends' denomination here are occu
pied this week with the yearly meet
ing of Friends, with a large atten
dance from Oregon, Idaho Bnd Wash
ington. It was announced early In the
session that the fund for Newberg Col
lege, to which James J. Hill promised
$50,000, had reached the required
amount to make Mr. Hill's gift a cer
tainty. He promised the donation on
condition that the remainder ol a
$100,000 endowment be raised.
One of the prominent speakers at
the meeting of Friends is B. Willey
Beede, of the Kennedy School of Mis
sions, of Hartford, Conn., Theological
School, who has made daily addresses
on the subject of missions maintained
by the Friends in many parts of the
country. At a special temperance
meeting an address was made by Kev.
Charles M. Lascault, of Haviland,
Kan.
The subjects calling for general dis
cussion thus far have been "Evange
listic and Church Extension Work
"Literature." "Temperance," "Edu
cation" and "Systematic Giving.'
The exercises have been interspersed
with vocal and instrumental music.
Oregon Beats All at Fair.
San Francisco Oregon has set
record in the number of prizes and the
state and its individual exhibitors have
carried oft at the Panama-Pacific Ex
position. Most of them have been in
the departments of horticulture and
agriculture. '
In both of these fields the state has
won a grand prize. In addition to
these, individual exhibitors have been
awarded three medals of honor, 23
gold medals, 69 silver medals and 89
bronze medals. Among the awards
was the grand prize for forage.
Geology Professor to Begin Survey
University of Oregon, Eugene Gra
ham J. Mitchell, assistant professor of
geology at the university, has gone to
Curry county, where he will pass three
months surveying and mapping the
mineral resources of a hitherto unaur-
veyed tract In the southwest corner of
the state.-
Call here for your Fishing and Hunting Licenses.
LOOK OUR BIG STOCK OVER.
FOSS-WINSHIP HARDWARE COMPANY
, ,. Barrett Building, Main Street, Athena, Oregon.
ESTABLISHED 1865
Preston-Shaffer Milling Co.
AMERICAN BEAUTY
ELOUR
Is made in Athena, by Athena Labor, in one of the
very best equipped Mills in the Northwest, of the
best selected Bluestem wheat grown anywhere.
Patronize home industry. Your grocer sells the
famous American Beauty Flour.
The Flour Your Mother Uses
Merchant Millers and Grain Buyers
Athena, Oregon. Waitsburg, Washington.
I
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IBB Groceries
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This is the Right Spot
To go to Every Time for Groceries. ,
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Monopole Salmon
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DELL BROS., Athena, Or.
Caterers to the Public in Good Things to Eat