l3uy Your Groceries from Your Home Grocer
VOLUME XXIV.
ATHENA UMATILLA COUNTY. OREGON. FRI DAY, DECEMBER 27. 1912.
r -w t er v
- OFFICERS.
S. T. WILSON, President,
H. KOEPKE Vice-President.
E. A. ZERBA. Ass't Cashier.
DIRECTORS
S. P. WILSON, H. KOEPKE,
W. S. FERGUSON M. L. WATTS, '
F. S. Le GROW,
ATIO
imbai
OF ATHENA
..- CAPITAL AND, SURPLUS, $100,000.00
..We extend to our Depositors everK 64ccommdation
I) - consistent with sound Banking. .
THE TUfM-LUM LUC1DER GO.
... Lumber, Mill Work and all Kinds of
BUILDING MATERIAL
PAINTS, OILS AND VARNISHES
Posts and Blacksmith coal - , r
A. M Johnson, Manager ;
Athena,.. Oregon '
5SKSISSWHBHII
THE AIIIEUA : PEAT MARKET
11,1 f( F
. We carry the best
That Money Buys
Our Market is
Clean and Cool
Insuring Wholesome Meats.
D. II. MANSFIELD
.Main Street, Athena, Oregon
5,. 1
"florae of
QliAUTY"
Groceries
We Wish You a
. NcW.Ycar
Start it right. Place your first or
der for Groceries for 1913 with the
home of Quality Groceries, and stick
to your good resolutions.
r
TRY TlIESE-TilEVU PLEASE!
Ilonopole Corn
B " Tomatoft
Peas
" , Beans
Schilling's Teas
B Powder
Spices
Coffee
(C
nriTT rn ATTTino a .i a
uubu miuiuiiiio, iitJiuiiii, uruuou
. . CATEi:i:i3 TO THE TUDLIC IN GOOD TH1NG3 TO EAT
Uliomisi
OSOi
It Is Uncle Sam's Most Reliabjs
Lighthouse Keeper.
NEVER FALTERS IN ITS WORK.
By the Aid of the Wonderful Sun Valve
It Lights tho Acetylene Beacons as It
Set at Night and Extinguishes Them
as It Rises In the Morning,,
The sun la the most trustworthy ot
lighthouse - keepers. The sun or the
heat from it lights many hundreds of
beacons along our coasts and water
ways evening after evening and ex
tinguishes them punctually every aim
ing. -They are guides on land and sea
that are never touched by human hands
from one month's end to another,. The.
way in which the. United .States gov
ernment, through its lighthouse board,"
has utilized the services of the sun and
made.: that great-lamp of heaven a
-faithful and unerring servant Is most
interesting? .,''..;: ,' ' V-f ""'''-'
The discovery of acetylene gas was
the first step toward retiring the lonely
keepers of the little lights .in faroff
places. Modern magic was not slow
in recognizing the fact that by the ap
plication of certain -well known scien
tific principles the lighting of the great
chains of beacons that girdle the coasts
of the two seas and the gulf and cover
the great lakes and every1 navigable
stream in our huge country; could be
much simplified. V '-'.?' ' v
The United States did notbecome in
terested in the acetylene light and its
.automatically generating gas buoy until
about the year J900 and did, not adopt
it until 1908. Then the engineers of
the lighthouse board devised , some
wonderful Improvements, among them
,the utilization of the sun. ; '-.
, The self lighting and self extinguish
ing acetylene beacon ia a very simple
thing,-, but if depends almost entirely,
on the "son valve," which is one of the
most wonderful but; least complex of
the.achieyementa of. modern science. .v
In the first place, the source of ligbf
for ; these , lone beacons Is; dissolved
acetylene, which la stored tmder pres-,
sure In. steel cylinders. . One of tnesa,
cylinders can be ' charged with enough
gas to last a small beacon three years.
Usually, .however, in. the case of float
in? buoys, a six months' supply is all
that is: necessary, as such buoys are
overhauled and painted twiqea year.
Knowing the size f the ilame' and its
hourly .consumption of gas, it is very
easy to compute how long a cylinderful
will last and how, 'often, it will need to
be visited.' That is all the care the
light will need. "The sun, vaJve does
the rest .' ' -
The scientific principle upon which
the sun valve depends is that llgh.t
waves become transformed in different
degrees, according to the nature of the
Intercepting body. ' Sunlight upon dark
surfaces is converted into heat, and
heat produces expansion. This expan
sion is especially perceptible In certain
metals. "'rcc.
In a carefully sealed and substantial
ly mounted glass jar nearly a foot
high and about one-fourth that In di-j
auieter a thick, black rod Is placed per
pendicularly through the center. It Is
supported by-three slenderer rods of
highly polished copper. The big black
rod Is of copper also and is coated with
lampblack to make'' it absorb light to
the greatest possible degree. The sup-,
porting rods reflect light without ab
sorbing it and do not expand or con
tract to the samo extent as the largest
rod. .' "'"'';..',.:" . V1 ' '
The thick black piece of copper in
the center of the Jar Is extremely sen
sitive to light and heat.' As the Bun
rippears and the atmosphere grows
warmer In the morning this rod length
ens. f It pushes down into the mefal
chamber In which the glass Jar rests
and touches . the . end of a lever. , It
presses down on this lever, which is
controlled by a spring and cuts off the
Dow of the gas to the lamp. . Y
, When the sun disappears from view.
In the evening and the temperature of.
the air fails the process ia reversed.
The rod contracts and releases its pres
sure on the lever, allowing the gas to;
flow upward to the lamp. ; The gas is
ignited by a little pilot flame that Is.
never extinguished. Thus the beacon
Is lighted at the proper tlm and is put
out when it Is no longer : needed, al
though' along desolate coasta it may!
never gladden the human eye for ;
months at a time. I k V;.- - '
; ffhe engineers of the lightliouse board
say that the precision of this device Is
almost incredible-. It can be' used with
equal certainty' in equatorial heat and
in polar cold,' for It responds with the
utmost accuracy to small variations In
temperature. It is used on' lonely Is
lands in the rociflc. '..There ;are nearly
o hundred of these sun valve beacons
in Alaska. In summer they are aids'
to navigation, and in winter they guide "
the travelers on dog sledges over the
frozen wastes. Harper's WT;ekly.
Deadly. " "' . ,
"I understand that a n amber of wo
men have learned to s moke , cigars,"
said the frivolous observ- ;r, 1
"I don't believe It," rep lied 5Ir, Meek
ton. "The kind of cigm b that vomen
buy nolHMly could imok e."-"V'otili.Ing-ton
Ptar. -
v Sarcaeiic'
Fofsiy-I'd Lave you to understand.
' that I'm not uch a fool as I l,ok
8nrest-'i?H; then, yon have much to
be l'.i.inkfnl for. .
J:i !i( nr- like aea. water, the more
ym (irliiU tl.f thirstrer you bc-coma.-.
I New Years Calling
How It Originated and Is ;
, Carried On ' , :
AlHk
NEXT to C3irls'tma the mqst Joy
ous annual festival has been
the ' advent ot the new year."
This haB .been. so ever since
the Christian era. .. As far back as the
history of man can be traced the New.
Tear day has been ! an occasion of
feasting and rejoicing. ; From the old
est authentic record, it has been trans-,
mitted. down to our times and Is still
observed. .The feast was Instituted by
Numa : and was dedicated to. Janus,
who presided over the ,new year Jan..
l, 713 b. c. .": ".-v ' ;v ,v -;1
; In the middle ages tt was religiously
observed by the flow of wine, and the
eating of baked meats. t The chief tains
of, the European tribes 1 appointed it
as tho day of receiving their captains
and, vassals, Their chief was not ad
verse to receiving some token of re
gard from his people to remind him 'ot,
them during the remaining: 864 days.
The people soon learned to consider it
good form as well as good policy to,
bring with them a substantial remem
brance. ' ''.....,;..,,':'. '! ,;
". "Queen Elizabeth made New gear's,
day a general court occasion,. In which
she. greeted her loyal subjects and're
ceived their gifts." It was customary
to present Queen Bess with the finest
raiment procurable. ; All the courtiers
tried to outdo each "-other in selecting
the most magnificent textures for'thelr
royal mistress. Sir" Walter Raleigh
one New Year's morning outstripped
them all by presenting . her majesty
with a pair of woven silk hose, the first
ever worn In England. '.V; ' "r -
Ia ndrtbern climes the New Year has
always been one of the chief gnta days
of the season. ' The town folks always
call upon the chief, magistrate and
drink his health. The Idea of paying
New Year calls in this country in a
general way for years was confined to
New York state, though other states
adopted it -and practiced the custom to
i moderate extent The early settlers
of Jolly old New Amsterdam made the
advent day of the coming year the hap-1
piesfc of the annus. In those primitive
times everybody, knew each other from
one end of Manhattan! Island to the
other. After . paying- their grave re
spects to the governor they visited
each other. ' .
; When the English came to New York
they continued , the ancient custom,
which helped to cement the good fel
lowship that has Bince prevailed be
tween the two races.. For years the
popularity of; New Year as a day of
feasting became so prominent that
Christmas was lost sight of, - Year by
year the calling custom grew In favor.
The young, women would try to out
do each other in the sumptuousness of
their table and elegance of their toilets,
In the beginning of the. lost century
the young' maidens took pride In the
fact that the clothes they wore and the
tables they set were the work of, their
own hands.,' The gallants Would start
out early and go over a list of a score
or more, ; paying' their respects to the
matrons first and winding up, at the
home of their chief attfacter. Every
body who was anybody in those days
drank. '.'': ' ''v.. ';. va ' ;-:'-',;'
; tn fact, It was considered a duty he
owed to society and to his hostess to
drluk whenever be was asked and fill
the bumpers up to the brim. vAs the
city increased In size the custom in-
A SEW TEAIt'S OALI. IH OLD HEW TOBK.
creased in popularity and the calling
acquittances of the people la magni
tude. The fair New Yorkers entered
Into friendly rivalries with one anoth
er os to who should receive the largest
.number of cAUera.
v' The "upper crust" celebrate New
Fevr at their country homes. Occa
sionally a solitary caller may be seen
walking through a fashionable avenue
anxiously looking for a house where
he onci was a welcome visitor In or
der to pay his annual respects, but
nothing jrreets him but closed doors,
and window : .
Because the fad has become passe
with the fashionables It does not fol
low that there Is no calling done. The
so called common people keep up the
aueWmt custom aud look forward to
It for half the year. , ; 1 '" '
ia times uone by it was one or me
'Wsiiitcst of r.ittUMxi. and many who
, xHwVti-ii !i kct iff tn;; thitt It nny
y tt i revive J wltij the unpleasaat
fe Hun Kjft out
A BIG GOLD BRIGIC
The Trap That Jernegan Baited"
"With Salt Sea Water.. :
SCHEME OF.A CLEVER ROGUE.
The Smooth Swindler and His Accom
plice Showed How Easily They Could
Extract Gold From the Ocean Fleee-i
ed Their Dupes and Then Decamped,"
"Various inventors' 'have been working
for years "on the. theory that there la
plenty ., of ' gold in sea water .If only
Borne process, ot extraction could be de-.
veloped. , "'".' ' : ' ,:v, --.i
Some years, ago the Rev. Trescott J.
Jernegan. was the salt water wizard of
the hour, From the dny hi bubble
burst and he Jeff for; Europe, nobody
seems to know . what has become of
him. Jeruegan, who posed as a clergy'
man, and C. E. Fisher, once a floor
walker in a New York department
store and before that a diver, got. to
gether in the fall of lSOfl aud for a
whole year carefully considered ; the
problem" of extracting, gold from, salt
water. It is true, their whole flold of
thought compassed the Use of salt wa
ter as an. accessory only, the real ma-;
teiial from which the gold was to be
extracted being the American people.
Very artistically Jernegan, to whom
was left the matter of -publicity, per
mitted some vague rumors to leak out,
"A reading clergyman had a marveW
ous money making device.. The world
was soon to be stunned by a fact that
would make the possessor of the wig
lual secret so rich that all, the multl
jniliioiiaires would, ,be;paupersv in com
parison" When . they had stirred u,
public curiosity sJcrnegan and" Fishej
. went to New England and there set up
some mysterious machinery. "v" 4
On Narrngansetttay'was an old hal
dismantled wharf, and at the sea end
of this the two erected a cheap frame
shanty about 8" by 10 In size, with n
square hole cut through the floor and
looking directly down into about fifteen
feet of water, An 'electric wire from
ft small battery was run along the pit
ing of the wharf and attached t6 a
mysterious ; box, with heavy' iron
clamps and holes all through, to pei
mit of free passage of the water back
and forth.. '::'. ':-; ''1'"i '"':
, : tinnlly the great secret was divulged,
These two men had discovered a way
of taking all the gold they wanted from
the salt, water at' a cost so trifling
that it was ridiculous to mention it
Two wealthy persons, one a rrovl
dence Jeweler and the other a - New
York florist, were approached Jerr
negan with what seemed to be such
a trustful and childlike proposal that
they both embraced It eagerly. It wa
that, all his apparatus being ready foi
experiment, they would come to tin
shanty on the wharf prepared to go
through ft night's vigil and witness th
result, accompanied by any scientific
friends they cared to bring along. ;';
The Idea, as outlined by Jernegan;
was to send a current Jnto a pan oi
mercury held within tho box, the recep
tacle then being sent to the bottom ol
the sea and drawn up after several
hours, wben it would be found .'that
the mercury had absorbed, gold , from
the ocean. - :
When the night of : the esperiment
came the box was ; prepared . in the ,
shanty, two '''chemists,, friends of the
capitalists, bringing their own mercury
with themV The box was lowered. t
the bottom, and then tho party of live
began their wait, j Soon after daylight
Jernegnn: announced tlint it was time
to draw the" box up Benin. This-was
ti'.uv. .'vi:il whore purty eagerly sel
t')'v(.).-k to find out whether any gold
iistd ix'oii received.-, When the chemists
announced that gold to the value of
$14 was found mixed with the quick
silver all were stunned by the discov
ery and realized at once the vast pos
sibilities In more extensive operations,
the original experiment having been
practically made with a toy apparatus.
The story spread like wildfire, and
the modest. Jernegan was prevailed
upon to organize a company. Stock
was sold, and after gettlngjiossession
of thousands of dollars, the promote!
sailed away to Europe. ' The success ol
the great experiment was 'explained
afterward.. Fisher, the diver, had gone
out from the. shore In his diving suit,
opened the ,rbox and, takiug out the
mercury that had. been brought by the
'chemists, substituted a. vial of his own
that. 'had been strongly impregnated
with gold. vV''-"' .''."4'-.,'1 ' -' .
Both before and since the Jernegan
fraud many attempts have been made
to extract gold from salt water, some
of them fraudulent, some genuine and
bused on seientiflkv grounds, that have
from .time , to time, .appealed even to
deep "students; ; , But all sor far have
failed, dismally. Though traces of gold
ore to ' be found in salt water, com'
inercial application is practically ImpossibleNew-
York. Tress, r ' s . .
Tiff! rrn htm on?
lift H. I n
1112. kUiiiii
lis Density, Its Thickness arJ V.i
Pressure It Exerts.
A BAR TO WORLD EXPLOSION
THEY WERE VERY RICH.' .
What Elie They Were Was Quaintly
v.-'. Told by Mary Lyon, s
" When in 1837' Mary Lyon founded
Holyoke cojjege she collected the mon
ey required for its first building In
anm ; .that ranged from Q cents to
f 1,000. Sho gat 1,800 pei-tons to sub
scribe, iter feat gave the new enter
prise an unusually wide foundation in
the public Interest, but she did not ac
complish it without much- hard work
or .without gaining wide experience of
human nature. . " ,-;',".-' '-,'. '
s One evening Miss Lyon, arrived, In
the ; village of ; Ashfleld, Mass., at a
home where she was always welcomed,
gladly. She was full of hope and en
thusiasm. Would the squire take her
at once to W., where, she had learned,
there , was a family ot wealth that
-might give liberally toward the semi
narybuildlng? .. ..
"Supper and a good night's rest, Miss
Lyon," was the" reply, "and then my
horses shall take you there.".
The next morning as they wero start
ing the squire's wife laid a gentle hand
on ' Miss Lyon's , shoulder,- with the
warning: "Do hot expect too much, my
dear Miss Lyon; We know" the people.
I fear you will not be successful."
.''With' a beaming face, Miss Lyon re;
piled: "Oh,, I 'am told they are very
rich.! I am sure they will help liber-
.any."',' ; :,,";:'"-'' : -'"
, When she entered the house ou het
return Miss Lyon went quickly to hef
friend, and, grasping her arm, while
"conflicting' -emotions played over hot
face, she said: ;. ' v' ' V; i
"Yes, it is all truoi Just as I was told.
They live in costly house, It is full
of costly things, they wear costly
cli)th(!s"-tlien, drawing nearer find
Olmost closing her eyes, sho whispered
with uuforgetable emphasis, "but, oh,
they're little bits of folks!" Youth's
Companion. , ' ' ; '
.'A Constant Sufferer. . .,
"Is yrur mother n Hiiffrngette, Bob-
erl V v , ';. -: . . ' , ,.
. "Yc; -HlUf's. always suffering. If il
tilti't with her shoes or her corset it's
lcctmse wtuichody that owes her nu
inritntlon lmd a party and didn't nsk
her to lt.."--(;cngo Itecord-IIeinld. -:y
. Wilson.' Is thcn. beMt eiiulppod' man
.nominated for the presidency , '-slnco
Lincoln. ; ,; .. v ,''
The Reasons Why Thla Old Planet of
Ours, With All Its Pentup Fiery,
Volcanlo or Gaseous Forces at Work,
Could Never Bo Blown to Fragments.
Some writers have accounted for tho
asteroids on the theory that they are
the fragments of a world that from
some unknown cause has been explod
ed In its orbit. Similarly, many have
thought that perhaps at some distant
time, when the seas shall have been
drunk up into the cracked and thick
ened crust of the age shrunken earth
and tho volcanoes those vents of the
fiery Interior-shall have become chok
ed and extinct, the pentup gases gener
ated from the descending moisture by
tually explode the old earth like a
veritable bombshell.
But that can never happen.
In 1883 Krakatoa, a Bleepy old vol
cano on a small Island In the strait
of Sunda, between Java and Sumatra,
began to show marked signs of uneasi
ness. .Round the volcano the quaking
earthopened enormous fissures in the
bottom of tho sea, down which rushed
Niagaras of water. Then tho flssurjs
closed and confined the engulfed flood
in the hot subterranean depths. ; The
water was ', quickly converted into
steanf, , the steam Into dissociated
gases, without room for expansion.
It exerted a .pressure equal to . that
of the strongest dynamte. .
The great chimney of Krakatoa,
sealed : since the ' memory of mani
barred the normal path of escape.
Higher and higher mounted the pros-,
sure under the huge mass of the vol
cano; then,' of a sudden, came a blast
that actually shook the earth. 1 Never
before in historic time had there been
such a shock. The whole top of the old
mountain was blown Into the eky. The
recoil was distinctly felt clear through
the terrestrial ball, ' ; 1
.. Tbia great cataclysm has been cited
as bo indication of the power of the
pentup forces that may Bome day dis
rupt the earth itself. Let os examine
the underlying principles that must
guide us in passing Judgment on the
correctness of this theory. v
1 An explostve compound Is a combnst
, tble combined mechanically or chem
ically either with oxygen or with an
oxidizing substance that will burn with
out the help of atmospheric oxygen.
. Among the most powerful high ex
plosives are nltrogclatln and picric
acid, each of which has a density more
than one and a half times that of
water. The products of their combus
tion ere nearly all gaseous, whereas the
products' of the combustion of ordinary
black gunpowder are less than half
gaseous, v The larger part Is the solid
matter that makes the smoke.
. The energy that a high explosive can
exerf depends on the volume of the
gases 'liberated and the temperature to
which, the heat of the explosion can
raise tbem. V. 4 "','".' '' .: i?-. "f
The exact temperature of the gases
liberated by a high explosive ht the in
stant of detonation Is not . absolutely
known," but may' be approximately
learned through chemical experiment
Nor Is the amount of pressure known
with absolute certainty. It is probable,
however, tlmt nitroglycerin, nltrogoln"
tin and picric acid, when detonated. In
a confined space, exert a pressure some
where, between 300,000 and, B00.0O0
I L f-ml nftJTfc'r will i P -'ii,B ' '"uii"" ' , . s. ; y'rrnm r j I
I WW plil SORE THROAT; i ' k'l1
' 1 ll k ;j!jlmottriMH6S. jC2' If
' I'll I I il IVV ' " V -!' ; II Cll2IwtCll2!i tittViWtu3 C0 ' ','.- v ;.;yjj I j III Ijjj :
': R l- - ' V -'i ' i mdnrjcnuf nAimuun, : :: ." '. " A III I
IilylOf 1 X " -V W DiMolnM.lowa.U&A. i - ' X nl 1 ' ' li!
lUNEQUALLEP X ' -'fomuiEllWlW CEKTir yA UNECtUALLED
I AS A. V'!!!,. - . V'l t06p.fTii b) OuatorUia c, ,,;'ijsAA A PLEASANT ' il
hiiihhhiiiiiii iiiiiiiiiiiifecjnto j
EVERY BOTTLE GUARANTEED: