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About The Athena press. (Athena, Umatilla County, Or.) 18??-1942 | View Entire Issue (April 15, 1910)
- To Halts Farm Imokehoiit. What I have found to be a good mokehouse for curing 75 to 100 hams should be about 12x14 feet Build a good, strong frame and fill the space between the siding and celling with soft brick, writes A. C. . Wharton In American Agriculturist. This will make your house cooler In summer and will keep the temperature more ven In winter. Cover with shingles. A good solid clay floor will do very FIRS BOX I CONCRET8 FLOOR OOOH FLO0B OF BMOKEIIOUea. well, but a tight plank floor is better, but best of all Is a good concrete floor. In the center of the floor there should be a firebox built of brick; this is about 12x18 Inches inside measure ment and 12 Inches deep. When cur ing build your fire in this and cover with a piece of perforated sheet iron. The bouse should be eight feet high at tke corners and loft open to the comb, the inside of the rafters pref erably celled. Place 2x8 joists two feet apart on the plates, and 2V4 feet above these put in another set of Joists on the rafters; these can be 2x8, and In both sets of joists which will be used to bang your hams place Iron meat hooks two feet apart and two inches from the lower part of the joists. These hooks can be made of j 600 fbont view. one-quarter inch rod iron and should be long enough to let the meat hang clear of the Joists. A window should be made in one end of the house to give light when needed, and this fitted with a tight shutter, as we do not want much air and sunshine to strike meat before or after curing. Calltr of the Orchard. Cultivation of the orchard is mainly for conserving soil moisture. If culti vation is begun early In the season and continued until midsummer, growth of wood will be stimulated and fruit developed. Less moisture in late summer and early fall is desired, so that wood will properly develop and harden to be able to stand the cold of the folowlng winter. Arrange to cultivate the orchard early in the summer and have the soil in good tlx for sowing to rye or other cover crop toward the last of summer. The cover crpp will afford some good winter pas ture and wilt keop hilly land from washing away. lada-lns; Warth at farm. The best time of the year to look ever a farm for the purpose of buying la in the summer, Just before the binders get to work. The good and poor places will show up then as at bo other time, and, if the season prior to that time has been an average one, the crop will be a fair index of the value of the land. The common prac tice of going farm hunting Just after the spring's work is over has little to commend It, save the inconsiderable matter of time saved. The poorest time In the whole year to pick out a farm la when It Is covered with drifts of now Carraats aad Gooseberries. Gooseberries and currants are planted about three feet apart. They should be cultivated and must be kept free from weeds. Currant worms, if they make their appear ance, can be kept down by spraying or sprinkling a solution of one ounce of white hellebore to three gallons of water. The plants should be sprinkled wo or three times in the spring. Thla Sad la Pastare, Never let the sod get ihla on the pasture land, for this always means the decrease of the root systems of the plants and a decrease In their ability to penetrate the soil in search of plant food. When sod becomes so thin that the hoot of the animal will break through it In wet weather, it has reached a state of exhaustion that re auLrea attention Cora 7f tor allasre. Corn of any variety is at its best for feeding or silage as it comes from thi field when about half of the ears art jnst past the age for table use com monly called roasting ear stage and the lower leaves on the stalk are be ginning to dry out, says Hoard's Dairy man. For soiling purposes, it is im practicable to have the crop at its very best for any considerable time. Com mence to cut a few days before . it reaches its maximum value and con tinue after this stage is passed. Ex periments appear to have demonstrat ed that for fodder the largest amount of nutriment per acre is obtained by planting in continuous rows and so thick that the tendency to form ears will be much lessened. The yield per acre depends so much upon the varie ty and the soil and care in planting and cultivating that no satisfactory estimate of the average can be given. There is almost no limit to the amount that may be fed, provided one com mences with a limited amount and In creases gradually up to the limit of each cow's appetite, but probably thir ty to forty pounds a day is about as much as it would usually be profitable to feed. Slla Tansrae for Sled. This is a very great lmprovemen over the old way of having the tongue mortised into a roller which would turn and when the team would try to hold back going down hill the tongue would fly up, sometimes clear over their heads, and prove to be of very little account Many people, says a writer, do not know of any better way yet, so I will try to show you a better way, a way that takes the weight off the horses' necks and at the same time holds the tongue rigid when going down hill. First get a nice straight locust sapling for a tongue, one having a natural fork at the end for the neck yoke, as shown. Have your black smith make two loops from an old wagon tire as seen at A, with half inch holes and bolts to attach them to the two forward cross-pieces of sled, holes being bored in the cross-pieces to match holes In irons. The tongue is then notched a little to receive the cross-pieces. FUMna- Waahy Places. If there is no other trash on the farm for filling washy places in the fields straw manure from the stables la excellent The straw will fill the places and catch and hold all of the soil that washes Into them. The ma nure in the straw will help to make the ground more productive when It is again cultivated. Never plow in a gully with fresh dirt without some trashy and brushy filling to hold it and catch more. Control of Saa Joaa Scale. Although the San Jose scale is . thing to be avoided, it is not dreaded so much as it used to be. The lime sulphur wash will prevent the disease from spreading. It is a cheap wash for small trees, but quite expensive for large trees, but It pays. Spraying, cultivation, pruning and care of any crop, If properly done, are to a cer tain extent expensive and troublesome, but they pay in the end in the quan tity and perfectness of the fruit Keeplna; Cellars la Order. Very frequently the cellar la lack lng in conveniences. This should not be so; there ought to be a cement floor, bins for potatoes and a rack for milk pans and such arti cles. Here Is a good rack. Take a post ( inches square; on this nail cleats, 1 Inch thick and 1H IncheB wide, in pairs, that is, one on the north side, one on economizes space the south side exact ly even, and just above these one on east and one on west, leaving 4 Inches between each two pairs, and have them long enough to hold milk pans at each end. To use for plates, cans, etc., fasten some boards on for shelves. Cor. Farm and Home. TUe-Dralaad Soil. Tile-drained soil is more profitably belag more quickly gotten Into condi tion for crops and insuring a better condition all through the growing sea son. It is also true that crops in drained soil do not suffer as much from drought as do crops in undrained solL , Pointers la Farm Maaacemeat. Acidity may be overcome by apply ing from 600 to 1.000 pounds of lime per acre, or by the use of floats or grounds shells. , ' There la much of value written these days about work on the farm which will never benefit some farmers, be cause they have the notion that they are too busy to read. No other people set so high a valu on good soil aa the Hollanders, and we are learning that not many acres, but rich ones, make the profitable farm. The roots of the cowpea penetrate rather deeply Into the subsoil and en able the plant to feed upon the min eral food that Is not readily extracted br other crops. r 1 - r ET CAIXS. flam's Horn Sounds a Waralas; Ifota to the Unredeemed. : Whenever . yon see a boy, wait a minute, and you will hear him whistle for his dog. "Woman may have been to blame for the fall, but she certainly has been the first to rise again, and, to her belongs the iredit for nine-tenths of the good there is in the world to-day. - - If we knew all it would be easier to forgive all. ' ' Babes in Christ should not be fed on watered milk. " Some of us pray most for the things we need the least. "v Imitation virtues dont wear any better than Imitation jewelry. Experience is a dear teacher, but her diplomas mean, something. Talking for Christ should never be done with a frown on the face. It is better to kill a snake In a clumsy way than to let it escape. When the name of Christ is every thing to us, it will do everything for No work Is so small but that faith fulness In it will sooner or later be seen and rewarded. . 1 : Our Lord praised two women for their liberal giving, but no man gave enough to attract his attention. The preacher who gets his sermons out of the magazines Is always won dering why people won't go to church. There are some people In every com munity who do more for the devil in the church than they do for the Lord outside. Evolution. Has No Favorites, The best is none too good for Busi ness the best of everything, the best of ideals, the best and highest stand ards of humane policy in this govern ment of ours it has assumed, says Charles Edward Russell in Success Magazine. Only the very best will keep it and us oft the rocks. To preach at it that it ought to do certain things because these things are prescribed in a code of morals, or to threaten It with law, dissolution, fines and other punishments, is just to waste our good time. If it goes down dark alleys after vice and graft alliances, or arm- in-arm with San Francisco and Phil adelphia rings, and if it continues to let poverty pile up, It will learn in time that these things do not pay. But whether.lt will learn this fact be fore it gets crumpled up by a nation where Business is wiser, or before It declines at home among a nation of slum-dwellers, nobody knows and evo lution doeBn't care. That's one beau tiful thing about evolution; It doesn't care a rap and has no prejudices about race or nationality. If the people of one nation desire to get for a while outside of its lines, it works on cheerfully in Germany, New Zealand, Denmark or any other old country. And after a time a fold of the stratum topples over upon the reversionary spot and crushes It out forever. "Dread' and "Pigeon" Seed. School children in the crowded parts ot New York do not speak of corn and oats and wheat by those names, but always refer to them as "seeds." The other day In one of the big schools the teacher was talk ing to her pupils about gardening. She ended with a request for each pupil to bring a few seeds the next day to be planted in the window boxes. The following morning the children appeared mostly with either oats, wheat or corn. While putting a few grains of each in the earth the teacher referred to them by their fa miliar names. One of the girls In the class took courage to "set . the teacher right" and said: "Some one must 'a told you wrong, teacher. That" pointing to the wheat "in bread seed, an' that yellow stuff ain't corn: It's pigeon seed. We always call them that in the block where we Mve." - r- . . ' ' . Tke Power of Napoleon. The desperate struggle to do some thing worth while is the very thing which draws out our reserve forces and develops latent power, says Orison Swett Marden In Success Magazine. Without this Btruggle, many people would never have discovered their real selves. Napoleon was never so e sourceful, never bo levelheaded, never had that vigorous mental grasp, was never able to make such powerful com binations as when he was driven to desperation. It was when all bridges were burned behind him, and there was no possibility of retreat, that the possible Napoleon came to the rescue. Napoleon said of his great general, Massena, that he never showed his mettle until he saw the wounded and and dead falling all around him In battle; then the lion in him was arous ed, and he fought like a demon. Iaclvlllty of Women. We hear and read much concerning Woman's rudeness to man and man's ungentlemanly attitude toward wom ankindbut what about-woman's in civility to womanf Is there anything to equal ltf There are, says an ob serving writer, would-be ladles, there are so-called ladles and there are la dies. The first may get into the sec ond class, but neither of the two Is likely to rise to the third. Whether through fault or misfortune an unfin ished lady seldom achieves the fin ished state. . The lack of consideration for the rights of others shown in public by women who pass by courtesy for ladles is of a kind peculiar to Itself and members of their own sex are usually the Victims. Women who trav el in public conveyances with their children are sometimes almost brutal ly callous. Who has not seen a mother sitting angle-wise, with a child for whom she has paid no fare occupy ing another full seat while tired and package-laden women are "strap-hang ing" in visible discomfort directly in front of herf Conductors, however effi cient, must not criticise the manners f their passengers too strenuously and few men venture to complain to or of a woman, therefore the remedy would seem to depend on the victims them selves, if the evil is to be remedied at all. ' One of the guiding rules of would-be ladles who never will be ladies appears to be that of "last come first served." You will best observe this womanish trait at a ticket window, a bargain Counter, or any similar place where Individuals are being waited on one at a time, and the order of precedence is not enforced. Co, for example, Into any large department store which maintains a "trading stamp" booth. Meek and patient -women who have been waiting five or ten minutes for a turn, see some well-dressed imitation of a lady sail airily up, elbow herself to the front, claim her stamps and go blithely on her way, quite with the air of having done nothing that could call for unfavorable criticism. How ever other women may feel about It to a man It Is both amusing and exas perating to note the serene impudence with which some of these dear angels of the fair sex rush in where poor vls of men fear to tread. Velvet and Far Bait. FOR AFTERNOON AFFAIRS. The velvet street suit trimmed with fur is the fad. These little suits are jaunty and graceful and are cut In short walking length, a band of fur trimming the bottom, as well as bor dering the coat and the draped velvet turban. This suit Is of royal blue vel vet and the border fur Is sealskin, the blue velvet turban having a sealskin border and an ornament of dull silver and blue. A Devoted Hnabaad. Wife Dearest, if you and I were thrown on a desert island, what would you do? Husband Thank heaven I can swim. Brooklyn CltUen. Early Australian Sqaattera. Squatters in Australia used to be bio to take up crown lands at a yearly rent of a penny an acre. UtiiT a man does more kicking with his tongue than a mule does with lit th nd damPn ii.i or water. Your master U all Soma Doa'ta for Wives. Don't begrudge your husband a few hours spent with his men friends. You meet friends. Be considerate and give him the same privilege. Don't bother him with troublesome trifles that happen during the day. . Dont whine and complain over household difficulties. Don't overwork and be tired and cross when he comes home. Your hus band will see you tired and irritable where he will not be conscious of a few grains of dust which you may have dissipated at the expense of your strength. Dont let yourself get old and ugly. Take time to keep yourself young and. to cultivate good looks. If you can't be beautiful, try to be interesting. . Don't forget to cultivate your mind. Read about what is going on in the great world, so that it he makes a re mark on. current events yon will be able to answer him intelligently in stead of giving him a blank stare. Don't Inquire how his business la nnlesa you are sure from his face that he has something pleasant to tell you. Haatard Plaste. Trim the crust from a thin slice ot light bread, then sprinkle It thickly with ground mustard. Spread a this doth two hiai feet, A gown such as this would be Ideal for afternoon teas, receptions, res taurant dinners, etc. It is mode from Chinese blue moire velour,. with inset pieces of darker velvet on either side at waist line, cut in points as shown in the sketch. The beauty of the gown is further enriched by bands of sable over shoulder and around bottom of skirt Note the clever and artlstio tut of tunic, the points of which are finished with rosettes of velvet , The yoke and stock ace white lace and the band across bust line Is heavy with gold embroidery. '-: " ' : '('' ready, with nothing to clean up after making it, and much better than the old sticky batter plaster. A piece of bread well dampened is better - as a poultice than either flax seed " of slip pery elm, and will neither dry out nor sour so quickly. f , L Health and Beauty Hints. Change of employment gives rest, but not sufficient for the needs of the body. The absolute idleness, If It may be so called, of sleep is essential to health. Nervousness due to hurry and high pressure Is one of the most active pro moters of indigestion. A few minutes' relaxation before eating will help to cure this difficulty. The wise use of ten minutes every day in active rigorous exercise aimed at enlivening the vital organs rather than at mere muscular development will go far to Induce a healthy body. Spotted veils are hurtful. That is true of all striped visible clothing, blinds, wall papers, etc. All rapid alternations of light and shade are bad, as when walking by a . line of tall railings through whose spaces a bril liant sun Is shining. Freedom of bodily activity insures health, since it helps to clear away the waste and debris of the physiolog ical processes. The kidneys can do their work well If plenty of water Is taken. Most people drink too little water. A daily average ot sjx glasses Is not too much in most cases. aiKifmcigs ?a WSs'ff'SSSS The silk cashmere comes In nearly every color Imaginable. A new veiling has a colored Russian center with a black chantilly border. Golden-brown velvet made In R sian blouse style, is an attractive model for the school girl. Soft satins are more used for petti coats than taffeta, the latter' s tenden cy to "whisper" being against it Madras in figured materials made Into pretty blouses can be worn with moire skirts. . The colors should be alike. -..V The button counters now have gilt ornaments In the way .of slides and tassel tops for the finish of the nar row velvet scarfs. Pointed fox, rich and lovely, seems to have captured a large share ot fem inine attention. The huge muffs and scarfs to match are especially popu lar , . -;; One-sided frills on sheer blouses ara tbe popular fad of the hour. Knife plaited and scalloped edged, or simply ruffled and lace trimmed, they are French and dainty-looking. TJsetnl and Happy. Try to be useful just where yen are Many of as are fond of lmaginlag how much wo should do if oar cir cumstances were other than they are. But that is waste of time. The thing ito do Is to do as much as you an for others here and now, and so make the most of your opportunities. ..' Don't be so busy preparing for some vague future time when yon wiU be happy that you have no time to be happy to-day. The future will' soon be the present, and the chaices are that when it does come, we shall still be so busy planning that we shall miss out chance of happiness altogether. '; Miss Hattle Pearce, of Billings, Mo Is a clerk In the Court of Appeals. Miss Nellie Horton, of Fort Worth, has been elected treasurer and secre tary of the. Farmers' Union la . Texas. She has just passed her 25th, birth day. ,V . . ; ..:, ; J Mrs. Danforth Wllllard Blaachard, one of the oldest woman suffragists In the world, Is 99 years of age aid lives with her niece, Mrs. J. B. Booth, in Detroit. - - , The Rev. Sarah A. Dixon, for sev eral years associate pastor of the First Unitarian Church of Lowell, Mass., is now pastor of the Congregational Church at Tewksbury, Mass. j' ' Miss Mary Nye of Columbus, Mlsa Bertha Salzgaber of Bellalre, and Mrs. Irvine C. Miller of Springfield, O., have been appointed deputy Inspectors of workshops and factories. - j The Wesleyan Conference of Eng land recently passed by a' large ma jority a motion to admit women as lay delegates. This resolution has to be approved by the synod before it can become a rule of the denomination. Mrs C C Kenelly has been ap pointed probation "officer of the New Orleans Juvenile Court by Judge Wil son. She has taught school for sev eral years and has also had experi ence in handling children and' young women as the agent of the Travelers' Aid Society of New Orleans. Mrs. Isaac L. Rice of New York was chosen at the conference in Lon don of the International Society for .1 Onnwu1nt n Dtiu.! ' V.l... A Uid ouicao.uu vi gumn guises IQ have charge of the second congress of the society, which is to be held la. New York in 1912. The first congress is to meet in Berlin in June, 1910. . Women's Hats.; - Women started on merry widow, but they've gone on to peach baskets, wash bowls inverted, and then to flow er pots, but now they've gone on t wash baskets, and I wonder where they'll stop. Gen. Ballington Booth. One or tha Other. Triumph, or else yield to clamorj Be the anvil or the hammer. From the German.