YOUNG GIRLS OF TO-DAY
Rules of Guidance Far Lest Strin
gent than They Were a Gen
eration Ago.
OTJB ETIQUETTE IS CHANGING
Dining -with Young Men, Shopping:
and Attending Bachelors' Enter
tainment Unchaperoned.
With possible dissent from a few
conservatives it seems to be under
stood that young American women
moving in good society have now more
freedom in their association with the
ether sex than did their mothers, and
one of these mothers in commenting
on the set of rules drawn up by educa
tors for the young women of Japan
governing their relations with the
male sex remarked that they were not
unlike the rules governing the conduct
. under similar circumstances of any
well brought up American girl, says
writer in the New York Sun.
"It may have been that way once,"
said her friend. "Present-day rules
are far less prohibitory. Take for in
stance that cautioning against com
municating directly with a man and
advising 'Don't open yourselves let
ters which you have received from a
stranger.' I remember quite well when
In any well-regulated New York fam
ily a young daughter was expected to
show a letter received from a young
man to . her mother or chaperon at
once, and .it was quite correct for
mothers to open their young daugh
ters' letters.
Woalda't Open Danahter'a Letters.
"Were I to open my daughter's let
ters she would be simply furious, I
admit, and I should consider it a great
bore to be obliged to read all the notes
she gets from young men," said the
woman who had first spoken. "At
Newport last summer occasionally I
would find my daughter absent on a
motor or a yachting party with inti
mate friends or off to play tennis or
look at a ball game without saying as
much as 'by your leave, and in every
case it was all right. Naturally there
were young men in the party or young
men Joined the party, but Invariably
married women, chaperons were in
cluded, so I saw no particular reason
why I should have been consulted.
"An Introduction to a young man at
an entertainment in a private house is
considered a guaranty that he is a
proper person to know. Calling there
fore some morning thereafter on a
young woman and asking her to go
to the tennis courts or golf links for
a game, the young woman, if she
pleases, consents without consulting
a chaperon.
"There has been a noticeable relaxing
in recent years, it is said, of the once
stringent rule against two young per
sons of opposite sex driving together
without a chaperon a rule which at
one time applied even to engaged cou
ples. The actions of a popular young
daughter of a certain exceedingly gay
and popular matron of Newport and
other resorts had something to do
with it The girl, in her dubutante
year and months before her engage
ment to one of the wealthiest young
men in the country was announced
really shocked some of her mother's
friends by flying past in the young
man's dogcart or runabout, the two
laughing like children and evidently
enjoying themselves hugely.
Bachelor'! Batertaiamenta.
"A generation ago there was no need
for rules relating to visiting bachelor
quarters, for the reason that few bach
elors then entertained in quarters
quipped with tea table and other stu
dio appurtenances, whereas now bach
elors' entertainments are considered
among the pleasantest in the summer
program. It goes without saying that
these affairs are always chaperoned,
even if the chaperons are more apt to
be very young than very old matrons.
In this respect some of us mothers see
room for improvement"
WHITECHAPEL'S SUNDAY NIGHT.
'.ondoa'a Riff-Had See Doa-a and Man
Fight la Stifling; Atmoaphere.
"Where shall we goT" I queried, as
we turned out of the gates. "White
ehapel," responded the poet laconic
ally. "But we have been to Wonder
land," I remonstrated. "I know, but
I have found a new place," said he:
"wait and see." So after due time
pent in "tubing" and Jolting over un
even streets In a motor bus we finally
landed In the Whlteohapel road, and
dived Into one of the narrow, dark
streets leading off it says a writer in
the London Dally Mail. On a Sunday
morning the hiring fairs, virtually
slave markets, are in full awing, and
the neighborhood la crowded with ev
ery type of humanity that cosmopoli
tan London can show, from the gold
ear rimed Jewesses to Lascars and
Chinese, but at dusk it is almost de
serted. We finally turned down a
blind alley. o narrow that only .the
merest strip of evening sky showed
between the high blank walla On the
right-hand side at the end of a dingy
doorway we entered a flagged court
yard surrounded on the skies by high
rab-colored buildings. The poet
knocked at the door, which was open
ed by a tall Jew, with red hair, who
barred H after us, and pointed with
out a word to the unoarpeted and
dirt stairs. At the top a green car-
tala, much faded, screened the view,
And It was not raised until we had
propitiated with a florin an old hag
who waited for us.
She ushered us into a long room
lighted at the sides with oil lamps,
while from the roof hung a diamond'
shaped frame on which were stuck
glittering candles. All round, rising
in tiers nearly to the roof, ran rough
wooden benches, on which lolled and
In some cases lay, the most extraor
dinary assortment of humanity; great
hulking Jews, red-faced bargees, dapper-looking
men In cloth caps, with
the appearance of pickpockets all the
types which one meets In an expedi-
tion through Whitechapel were repre
sented in fact.
The eport had already begun; an
enormous brindle bulldog was tearing
the life out of a white one to an ac
compa aliment of shrieks and oaths. We
settled ourselves where we were least
noticeable, while refreshments were
brought round in the shape of Jellied
eels, weird and loathsome concoctions
in tin canisters, baked potatoes and
fried oddments - of penetrating odor.
A dirty-faced man stepped Into the
arena. "Jim Hallows and Blacky
Smith, for two quid," he announced,
and barely made his exit before two
hideously battered men, naked to the
waist were depriving one another of
all semfblance to humanity with fists
the size of battering rams, and with
out the slightest regard either for
Marquis of Queensbury rules or or
dinary fair play. '
SOME MAEEIED MEDITATIONS.
By Clarence I. Guiles.
Doesn't that new "sweep" style of
coiffure which women are adopting
look like a mess of sea weed cast up
on the beach?
Another way of being in bad Is when
your wife announces that she's sick
and tired of housekeeping Just about
two days after you've made the final
payment on the installment furniture.
Some women's idea of being "really
loved" by a husband Is to have him
grab her photograph and plant an ec
static kiss on it every time he passes
by the mantelpiece on which the pic
ture rests.
Some runaway wives are so 'used to
having their spineless husbands come
sailing after them that they ovn't
even have to consult the time tables
to figure out the trains bn which
they'll arrive.
By the time a "good fellow" girl be
gins to notice that her men friends
lift their hats to her in a perfunctory
sort of way, as If they'd Just as lief
forget to lift 'em as not, she's begin
ning to be passee.
Some women's idea of cheering their
husbands up after they've endured a
hard wallop Is to squeak: "Well, I
told you you'd regret it if you didn't
take my advice! now, didn't I? An
swer me, didn't IT"
Why is it that the woman who, after
spats, always is packing up to "leave"
her husband "forever," Infallibly be
gins the packing by wrapping the 98
cent kitchen clock In a Turkish towel
and tossing It into her trunk T
Did yon ever sit behind a woman at
the theater who waited until the cur
tain was actually rising before she re
moved her hat, and who, after remov
ing it, shot you a would-be withering
look, so much as to say: "Well, I've
staked you to a measly twenty minutes
of stewing, haven't IT"
BEGGAR'S BAIT PROBLEM.
la la Wlae for Mendicant to Leave
Few or Many Peaalea la Hatt
"One thing that I've never been able
to settle In my mind to my own sat
isfaction," said a Btreet beggar whose
specialty is sitting on a step and hold
ing out his hat to passersby, according
to the Charleston (S. C.) News and
Observer, "Is the question of how
many pennies It is wise to have In the
hat for people to see as they go by.
Of course, you understand, there are
two theories in this; working on one,
you leave there only a few. Just three
or four pennies scattered around Ir
regularly but pretty far apart, and on
the other you leave in the hat a lot
of pennies.
"Of course the Idea of the first plan
is to make people when they see how
little you've got want to chip In and
help, and the idea of the other plan Is
to stir people up to generosity by
showing them how generous others
have been, and there's a heap to be
said for that There's lots of people
that give because othor people have,
because they like to go with the
crowd.
"I've tried both jlans and had good
days with a lean bait and bad days
with a full bait in the hat, and then
I've had good days with a full bait
and bad days with a lean bait All
you can do is If one plan doesn't work
well, try the other; you never can
tell."
BIRD PABADISE Iff PACIFIC.
Laraan Ialaad Nesting- Place of Al
' batroaa, Frlaratee and Petrel.
To the northwest of the Hawaiian
Islands, about an equal distance from
the shores of Asia and America, there
la a small group of islands and cliffs
upon which hundreds of thousands of
birds live. Every year, they lay their
eggs and raise their, young. . Among
small strips of land and rock there
is what might be called a veritable
bird paradise. This is the island of
Laysan. .
Laysan measures about, five and a
half kilos by four kilos and possesses
no vegetation save a few thickets and
occasional Beaweed, and now and then
a sickly little palm tree. Upon the
banks are to be found large quantities
of driftwood, brought from the shores
of America by the currents.- ,
But the number of birds that come
there at the season of nesting exceeds
the wildest imagination. There are
places on the island where It would be
impossible to put the foot without
crushing a bird, a nest or an egg. Ap
parently, to the eye, there are hun
dreds of thousands of birds. There
are albatross, white and brown, petrels
and frigates in innumerable colonies,
but distinct,
The albatross of Laysan are of two
kinds, the white and the brown, the
Los Angeles Times says. The latter
live chiefly In the southern part of
the Island. They are, moreover, fewer
in number than their white cousins.
The two kinds unite in colonies, which
are always distinctly separate, how
ever. Their nests are almost Identical,
simple little mounds of earth with a
hole in the middle. The female here
lays a solitary egg. The parents pro
vide for the nourishment of the young
until the latter is able to go to the
sea and hunt for himself.
The albatross are good neighbors
among themselves, but they show a
decided repugnance to living in the
vicinity of the frigates. These big
birds, so remarkable for their swift
ness in flight, are great gluttons. All
those who travel in the South seas
know with what obstinacy they keep
up with the speed of the vessel In
hope of getting food.
' The frigates are also to be found In
prodigious numbers at Laysan and
about the neighboring islets. The
males, with their brilliantly colored
plumage, are beautiful birds, and there
is nothing more curious than to ob
serve the haughty air which they as
sume on account of their beauty. The
frigate is neither a born swimmer nor
a diver. This, however, is compensat
ed for by his extraordinary power in
flight.
The petrels are very numerous In
Laysan. They show a preference for
the crevices of the rocks during the
day. They are in fact birds of night
habits and avoid the bright lights.
But when the tempest breaks forth
and the wind rages they mingle their
cries with the noise of the elements.
The fish and other marine animals
which at such times come to the sur
face are chased by the petrels and
seized from the crest of the waves.
The frigates, who are watching the
petrels in the chase, seize this moment
for capturing their abandoned young.
The citon is among the remarkable
kinds of seagulls. Citons are noisy,
squalling, quarrelsome birds , whose
principal occupation is keeping up in
cessant cries to disturb the repose of
the other occupants of the island.
Had) a Chaaee to Save Mob?,
"That man made a million dollars
while he was in Jail!" said a New
York financier.
"Yea, but his case was one of the
kind that does not require the expense
of alienist testimony." Washington
Star, v '
One Foot (a the Grave.
"You sea that strapping, robust
man? When I saw him last night he
had on foot In the grave."
"Extraordinary I Who Is her
"He Is playing the graved lggar In
Hamlet at the local theater."
SORORITIES AT ANN ARBOR.
Tea Socletlea Have Homes That
Take Place of Residence Halla.
At the University of Michigan,
where there are no halls of residence
for the women of the institution, ten
different sororities succeed In solving
the problem of how to house satis?
factorlly and chaperon properly about
200 young women students, fully one
fourth of the total number of coeds at
Michigan, a Detroit Free Press, Ann
Arbor correspondent says.
There Is something Indescribably
satisfactory to the average college
woman in wearing one of those little
Greek letter pins that mean so little
to the great outside world the busy,
hustling, Jostling, everyday world
but which mean so very, very much
to the few entitled to wear
them. At Michigan the sororities fill
the places, to a great extent, of the
traditions of the eastern schools for
girls, schools established before the
birth of the grandmother of the coed
of to-day. .
Nearly every sorority owns its home
at Michigan. The aim of these sorori
ties is not entirely social purposes, but
is to promote good scholarship as
well. There has been a great change
in the fraternities and sororities at
Michigan in the last few years, and
both are beginning to be looked to as
a means for promoting good scholar
ship and not as a hiding and shelter
ing place for some of the poorest stu
dents, who managed to get through
college simply, because they were
boosted and coached day In and day
out by the better students in that
fraternity.
Until such time as the regents of
the university find It within their
province and power to erect residence
halls for the women the homes offered
to a certain number of coeds in the
ten sorority houses will have to solve
a share of the problem of suitably
housing the girls.
When some people say of others:
"He's a lucky dog!" that Is their way
of complaining.
A woman's Idea of a hideous gown
la one that Isn't In style.
; ' ' '
Short Cornatalka.
Every farmer who feeds corn fodder
knows how difficult it is to pitch the
manure from the stables in which the
stalks have been used for bedding.
When the fork is thrust into the com
pact manure the long stalks run so
far in every direction and hold bo
tightly that the man at the fork be
gins to think that he will be compelled
to lift the entire bottom out of the
stall with the first forkful. The long
stalks make both loading and unload
ing of the manure very difficult.
A Missouri farmer has Just given
his way, which we think is a good
way, of feeding corn fodder to make
better bedding of the refuse stalks and
to make the handling of the manure
easier. He ties his corn fodder, or
corn stover, In bundles after husking,
for storage. At feeding times he takes
these bundles and cuts them with an
ax across a large wooden block Into
three or four shorter lengths. .These
short lengths are then placed in the
mangers for the cows and horses to
pick over and are then thrown into
the stables and stalls for bedding. He
claims that stover cut Into shorter
lengths Is easier for the stock to pick
over, that it helps to keep the stalls
neater, and that it is better in many
ways. Where these short lengths of
corn stalks are used In' the ' bedding
the handling of the manure is easy.
.Corn stalks are a valuable by-product
of the corn crop when used In the
right way, and there are many good
ways of using them. Dry corn stalks
are porous, spongy, and are good ab
sorbers of liquids. They are bulky and
fill up fast, hence aid in keeping the
stall floors fully covered and the ani
mals dry. Wheat, oat or rye straw
mixed with the dry corn stalk bed
ding makes an almost complete ab
sorber of the liquids and saves all of
the rich fertilizers. Exchange.
Edacatlon and the Soil.
One of the popular fallacies that la
rapidly losing ground is the idea that
any one with no previous training or
experience can be a successful farmer.
and one of the chief aeehciea of en
lightenment Is the Government Bu-.
reau of Soils. This useful adiunct of
the Department of Agriculture is rap
idly completing its investigations of
the actual values and needs of the
earth In various parts of ' the West,
and Its reports will constitute a valu
able compendium for those already
engaged in agriculture to embark In
The government has risen to the
need of demonstrating that the day of
haphazard and scratching of the sur
face or the earth Is passed, and that
for most successful results practical
training, If not thorough scientific edu
cation, is needed. It is the aim of the
Bureau of Soils to establish accurately
the nutrition values of the earth in
varying sections for producing the
greatest abundance of suitable crops,
and with such a definite basis to help
the , husbandman proceed with greater
certainty toward his goal of achieve
ment This Bort of official knowledge
is sure to enable man to make many
blades of grass or grain grow, where
tew or none grew before, for its natu
ral development will be the intelligent
jultlvatlon of every arable acre of
land that can be made to yield a prof
itable crop. Twentieth Century Farm-
r. . ; . -
Heaa That Will Lay la Wlater. ..
The latest characteristic which the
poultry raiser is endeavoring to estab
lish in the several egg-laying strains
of hens is the early maturity of pul
lets, with the consequent laying, dur
ing the season when eggs are scarcest
and bring the highest prices.
A Maine breeder reports a lot of
twenty-nine April-hatched pullets
which were selected because they had
begun to lay in the latter part of Au
gust From September 1 until, the end of
April these birds laid on an average of
115 eggs each, at a calculated profit
of over 3 per bird. If such profits
could be realized on the majority of
the hens kept for laying, the elusive
fancy profits of the poultry business
would be realized.
The breeding of poultry to type is
now bo generally accomplished that the
suggestion to breed a race of birds
which will be winter egg-producers
warrants the belief In its early achieve
ment Resting Laad.
Many farmers believe that cultivat
ed land should be given a "rest" ev
ery few years in order to recuperate
from Its exhaustion in the production
of crops. In some cases the land may
be benefited somewhat but as a rule,
where a tract is permitted to lie fal
low for many months it becomes a
veritable hotbed for weeds. These
flourish and sap its best qualities,
leaving it poor and impoverished for
future crops. The soil is filled with
weed seeds and the task of cultivat
ing it is rendered all the harder. Rea
soning from cause .to effect it would
appear that the more ground Is culti
vated the shorter its lite as good pro
ductive soil, but this doesn't work out
In practice. Weeds do more harm to
land than any other crop. Agricul
tural Epitoniist
Irrigation of Alfalfa.
The Importance of alfalfa to west
em farmers cannot well be overesti
mated. A single ton of alfalfa may
save the lives of many head of stock
by providing feed during short periods
of cold, stormy weather. Alfalfa can
not be excelled as a preparatory crop
on soils that have long been unproduc
tive. Likewise Jt maintains the fertil
lty of Bolls naturaly rich in plant
food, and if used as a base of rotation
makes possible abundant crop yields
of various kinds. '
Notwithstanding its present import
ance and great value in Irrigation
farming, the profits on the area now
in alfalfa can be greatly Increased ii
more care and skill are exercised in
growing it
Perhaps the most essential condi
tions for the production of alfalfa are
abundant sunshine, a high summei
temperature,' sufficient moisture, and
a rich, deep, well drained soil. . All
of these essentials, save moisture, exist
naturally in the arid region of the
United States, and when water Is sup
plied it " makes the conditions Ideal.
Although alfalfa can be successfully
grown under a wide range of soil con
ditions, yet all Western lands are not
equally well adapted to Its growth.
How to determine the suitability of
land for growing alfalfa under irriga
tion, as well as bow to prepare the
land, is told In Farmers' Bulletin 373,
"Irrigation of Alfalfa," recently Issued
by the U. S, Department of Agricul
ture. The bulletin discusses the vari
ous methods of irrigating the crop
and gives much useful information' In
connection therewith.
'Three Ladders In One.
Not every family has a long and a
short ladder about the house and it
often happens that where one of these
will not suit the other will.
A Canadian has invented a
ladder that answers both
purposes and when folded
(for it does fold) takes up
less room than even the old
style small ladder. This in
vention consists of a lad
der made in three sections,
one on the other and
hinged together on one side
sectional and in the back. On the
ladder, other side are pins to keep
It in place when it Is extended to its
full length. Either in its extended or
its short form this ladder is a safe
one, but it has no back support and
must be leaned against the wall. After
the top section has been bent down on
one side It folds back and when the
second section is down the three fold
together like a three-part screen.
When the ladder 1b not In use it can
be stowed away behind a door or in
any corner as it does not take-up as
much room, as a chair.
Small Hog; Cot.
The hog cot illustrated here is 6 ft.
wide. 8 ft. long and 8 ft. 2 in. .high
In front and 3 ft. high in the rear.
The floor is built witb 2 in. x 4 In.
stringers, and the frame is held on the
floor by blocks at each corner. Lum
ber required will be: 12 pieces, 2 in.
x 4 in., 16 ft. long for frame; 4 pieces,
1 in. x 12 in., 16 ft. long for floor; 13
pieces, 1 in. x 2 In., 16 ft. long for
root and ends; 10 battens, 16 ft long
for sealing crack between boards. Total
cost about $12.50.
The Hired Man.
There are great differences In the
qualifications of the hired man. One
Is worth all and more than he re
ceives, while another, who is apparent
ly equally as intelligent is not worth
anything, and the employer is a loser
In the long run by having him around.
The best hired man Is one who is in
telligent and active. A good one
should receive the best of treatment
from his employer and should never
tire of what is to be done on the
ranch, regardless of the lateness of
the hour or the inclemency of the
weather, if loss is likely to accrue in
case he should tail to work at that
particular time. Of all farmhands the
most despicable Is the liar who tells
you that he has done such and such
wora wnen ne uas uuu ien 10 mui
one comes the lazy man. Denver
Field and Farm.
Conditioner for Hoars.
This is the government's condition
er for hogs, excellent for "corn chol
era," or other digestive derangements
of hogs. Wood or cob charcoal, 1
pound; sulphur, 2 pounds; sodium
bicarbonate (baking soda), 2 pounds;
Glauber salts, 1 pound, sodium chlo
ride (common salt), 2 pounds (or Ep
som salts, 2 pounds); antimony sul
phide, 1 pound.
Pulverize each of the Ingredients
well and mix them thoroughly. The
dose is a tablespoonful for each 200
pounds weight of the hogs, given twice
a dar In, shorts or bran slop feed.
AUTOMATIC PARE REGISTER,
Qevlee for Street Cars Make Change
. and Rings tTp Nickel.
A company In New York is manu
facturing an automatic fare register
which also makes change for the pas
sengers. It Is designed for pay-as-you-enter
street cars, and works as
follows:. At the top of the machines.
is a series of five slots, in which a
passenger may deposit a B-cent, 25
cent 50-cent or Jl coin. The falling
coin registers a fare and also oper
ates the change-making mechanism.
30 that if more than 5 cents is de
posited the proper amount of change
tails Into a change cup located under
the machine. At the same time the
lock of the turnstile is automatically
released, leaving it free to revolve so
that the passenger can pass through.
To permit passengers with transfers
to pass through the turnstile the ma-
rin.Viiu ucnc
VKv, win ucnc
1 .
Ivswr win ucnc I
REGISTER FOB STREET CABS.
chine Is fitted with a lever at the
bottom of the turnstile case by which
the conductor can allow transfer pas
sengers and other non-cash fares to
pass through the stile and register
them. If a coin is deposited in, the
wrong slot it is ejected from the case
and falls Into the change cup to be,
replaced by the passenger In the
proper slot. If any pesson tenders
paper money the conductor supplies
him with change so that he .can de
posit his fare in the fare box. Popu
lar Mechanics.
A FRENCHMAN'S POINT OP VIEW
Writer Sara the American Stasia
Woman Is of a Special Type.
The American woman who does not
marry Jn plain old-fashioned English,
the old maid is a source of keenest
interest to Europeans in general.. Her
Independence, good looks and what is
not always associated with the woman
who has evaded matrimony good na
ture are a never failing source of
wonder and in some cases envy, among
her sisters in foreign lands. Here la
what a French writer who has studied
the single American woman has to
say about her in a Parisian publica
tion: -' ;
"She is of a special type. She Is
not the resigned woman who has fail
ed to please, nor the sentimental one
who has remained faithful to some by
gone memory, Americans would con
sider it ridiculous to ruin their lives
on account of a luckless love affair.
The American old maid has, without
question, had several opportunities to
marry; in the United States, every
nice girl must have had at least one
proposal. American men desire to
have a wife to .'represent' them In so
ciety while they who are single remain
so voluntarily, through their need of
independence. Young girls who ara
poor marry for money. Those who are
rich are at liberty to live alone If
they so desire.
"Such women travel a great deal;
they dress always with great care, less
through a desire to please than ' for
their own personal satisfaction. Hav
ing neither family nor home, they dls-.
pose of their time as they Will. '
"They become passionately Interest
ed in politics, In social questions, in
abstract arid absorbing matters. They
are very Intelligent .very Intellectual,
fond of change and pleasure. Their
minds are highly developed, open, free
from prejudice. They are kind to their
married friends, for whom they feel no
envy, since they themselves have dl
dalned to marry."
Difference la Time. . '
When It is noon at any given place
It Is similarly noon at all other point
having the same longitudinal meridian,
and the sun is in its zenith where
meridian and equator Intersect .
For business convenience every fif.
teen degrees of longitude evenly divid
ed from Greenwich has the same time
being the distance that the earth trav
els in one hour. In the United State
we have eastern, central, mountain
and Pacific time. Thus when it la noon
at New York it is 11 a. m. at Chi
cago, central time; 10 a. m. at Denver,
mountain time, and 9 a. m. at San
Francisco, Pacific time. New fork
American. :
Read r to Exchange. '
"I was reading to-day about the cat
exchange they have in Paris."
"I wish we had one here. I've 'got a
cat at home that I'd exchange for a
bogus check on a busted bank and
throw In the car fare to boot" Cleve
land Plain Dealer. -
... Paradoxical Hist err,
"Can you give an instance of where
as uplifting process was also a down
ward movement T"
"Oh, yes. When they razed the Baa
tile." Baltimore American. - ,
What has becomf of the old-fashioned
man who usea ta say of the con
ceited man: "Ha should be takes
down a peg."