SOME NEW DESIGNS M
V" tOli r -fl : V
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3
HE eagle, the buffalo and the Indian have well-nigh disappeared
from the Western prairies. Inexorable civilization found them
i ' unfit. Now they are to be banished from the crisp, green
uaim uuiro, lilCJl inai unui l, il iiic ciit,it iiiju-Fdiiiiiiuu vl uvj-
hood be excepted. "Too easily counterfeited," Is the terse ex
planation. Other changes tending toward uniformity and sim
plicity of design for United States notes and coin certificates
are contemplated. At present there are nineteen different designs. Under
the new plan, which embodies the Ideas of officials of the Treasury Depart
ment, bankers, business men and currency experts, there will be but nine
designs. The possibility of confusion will thus be reduced.
All classes of notes of each denomination will carry the same portrait.
No portrait will appear on the notes of more than one denomination and
the portraits selected are easily recognizable, excepting, perhaps, those of
Salmon P. Chase and Alexander Hamilton. As Chase's likeness will be on
the $500 note and Hamilton's on the $1,000 note, there Is really no reason
for anxiety concerning them. Men who handle money on such a scale aa
that ought to be as familiar with the lineaments of the Chief Justice and
the first Secretary of the Treasury as the newest alien on these shores is
with the portrait of Washington, which will mark the $1 bill. The $5 note
will carry the portrait of the man whom some hardly count as second even
to the father of his country Lincoln. Cleveland, who, confronted by a
break in his party, stood for sound money, will be used on the $10 notes.
As no pictures are hung in the Louvre until after the death of the artist,
so no portrait of a living individual Is used on any of the currency issued
from the Bureau of Engraving and Printing in Washington. Hence the $10
notes will be the first to bear the picture of the only Democratic President
since Buchanan. The $20 notes will have the portrait of Jackson, the $50
that of Grant, the $100 that of Franklin. Even the new pennies will no
longer show poor Lo.
The artistic quality of either our metal money or the certificates is not
a minor matter. In a certain sense the money used by a nation is tha
measure of its civilization. Always when men reach the stage of exchang
ing goods which implies a certain form of community life, they need a
medium in which values of varying commodities may be expressed. The
Indians used shells. 8kins of the beaver and muskrat had in the early
days of the Northern trapper a current value. Long ago the Germanic peo
ples expressed fines in cattle. Oxen were unitH of value and sheep decimal
parts. Whale teeth among the Fijians; glass beads and brass wire In
Africa; cacao beads in the land of the Aztecs; red feathers among the South
Sea Islanders all these have been used. Now that man has left the prim
itive stage far behind and mastered many arts, he strives to make his money
safe, durable, beautiful. The men who are responsible for the contemplated
changes in the notes are also striving to achieve th same result.
a bevy of
in figuring
a snail al
In a rubber factory at Sourabaya,
Dutch West Indies, the material is ex
tracted from the leaves by a chemical
' process.
Electric street cars, built In Phila
delphia, have been introduced by a
private company in the Turkish city of
Salonlki.
The first refrigerator cars in Brazil
will be put In service in the near fu
ture on railroads controlled by the gov
ernment. The Japanese cabinet recently re
pealed an ordinance enacted in 187C
prohibiting the use of foreign inks on
official documents.
Serious experiments by
French scientists resulted
out the average speed of
fourteen days to the mile.
In a mountain near Montalban, Lu
ion, there is a large cavern, with many
branching chambers, and a central
dome 200 feet in height, perforating
the mountain top, from which, in De
cember, 1907, Hugh M. Smith saw
Issue a solid column of bats, which
flew rapidly, In a straight line, for fif
teen minutes, disappearing over a
mountain range in the direction of Ma
nila, without a single bat having left
th column. American engineers sta
tioned there told Mr. Smith that the
flight of bats had occurred, at practi
cally the same time each day, during
two years. From other sources it wan
learned that the phenomenon had been
observed for at least thirty years.
Professor Penck, the German geog
rapher, lecturing In America, recently
pointed out that although the climate
of Europe Is hardly at all affected by
the Mediterranean Sea, on account of
the Alps, the absence of a similar
mountain belt north of the Gulf of
Mexico allows the winds to sweep over
the southeastern part of the United
States, bringing the moisture and
warmth of the Gulf to that part of the
country. Europe, on the other hand,
gets the southeastern winds from the
Atlantic, bringing the molBture and
warmth of the Gulf Stream drifts.
Thus the presence or absence of high
mountain ranges In particular locali
ties Is an Important Influence In deter
mining the climate.
There could hardly be a better exam
pie of the scientific spirit than the re
cent application of the methods of
biometry to those excessively minute
animals, the bacteria. C. E. A. Win
slow and Anne Rogers Wlnslow have,
according to Prof. F. P. Oorham. mark
ed the beginning of a new era In bac
teriological classification and nomen
clature by their studies In this dlrec
tlon. They have applied the methods
used by anthropologists and students
of variation and heredity to the deflnl
tlon of the species of bacteria. Tht
results are, of course, technical In
their nature, and in themselves only
Interesting to students of the subject
but they have a broad general Inter'
because they serve to assure the pub
Ho that advance on strictly scientific
lines is being made In the study ot
those almost Infinitesimal creature
that play so Important a part in hu
man life and everything that human
life depends upon.
The nt Machine.
The idea that peace could be tK
normal relation of the nations never
entered Napoleon's head, or the head of
any man about him, declares "A. L.
Klelland In "Napoleon's Men and Meth
ods." In his mind peace could only
mean a pause between two wars. He
had no Idea to give to the world. His
thoughts did not go .beyond his own
life. lie shrinks at once in compari
son with a man of Bclence, who ex
pends his life to create a thought that
will nourish and elevate posterity.
If Nepoleon reached the highest sum
mit of a prince and a commander, he
was also the last who succeeded In
gathering about his person all the
glamour that had been wont to accom
pany and adorn the bloody business of
war. There was no more of It after his
fall. War became afterward an aca
demic study. Military affairs came to
resemble Industrial Interests, In which
It Is the best machines that gain the
victory.
We now strip our armies of their
gold cords and waving plumes. The
admiral, who used to stand on the
bridge In his gala uniform, with his
decorations and sash, now sits in a
steel box and presses buttons like a
telephone girl. When the glamour goes
from a thing. It Is near Its end.
SOCIETY NOTES.
Miss Althea Alexander, who has
been attending the Art School the past
winter, Is now studying water-color.
Juat for m Ihunire.
"What I want," said the theatrical
manager, "Is a genuine novelty."
"Something realistic?" asked the
playwright.
"Yes, but I don't want any real
pugilists or real naval disasters or real
live stock or real battles In it."
The playwright looked wearily
thoughtful and, after a pause, In
quired: "How would tt do to spring some
thing on the public with real actors
In it?" London Tit Bit.
GEORGE MEREDITH.
aa-Hah Readers Throughout WorK
Mourn Death of Novellat.
George Meredith, English poet and
novelist, who passed away recently In
his unpretentious cottage in Box Hill,
Burrey, has endeared himself to En
glish readers throughout the world for
many years. He was born in Hamp
shire, Eng., Feb. 12, 1828,) and was left
an orphan early in life. Until the
age of 15 he was educated in Germany,
and before he was 23 years old he had
published poems and a novel. He de
moted himself to writing. "The Ordeal
9f Richard Feverel," which was pub
lished In 1859, was received with great
praise and has been widely read since
then.
His early life In London was an
unceasing struggle against poverty,
and he was hampered at the outset of
his literary career with pecuniary dif
ficulties. Mr. Meredith possessed in a marked
degree the three grand qualities which
are essential to the making of the nov
elist analytical power, narrative ca
pacity and humor.
A notable feature of the genius of
Meredith was his power of under
standing women. There Is hardly a
more lovable woman in any Action
than Diana Merlon; then in "The Ad-
OKOIIGE MEKEDITH.
The stenographers are also Joining
the muck rakers. One of them said
to-day: "I get $9 a week. The men
who pay their stenographers 'only . $9
a week ought to be strung up."
ventures of Harry Richmond" we meet
with that exquisite creation Princess
Ottilia, and In "Emilia in England,"
with Emilia herself, the wild child of
nature.
Mr. Meredith was a serious humor
ist. His books are replete with quaint
drolleries, but his fun was the out
come of his cynical way of looking at
human nature. "Life," he says in "The
Ordeal of Richard Feverel," "Is a su
preme procession with ,ironic laughter
of gods in the background."
The laughter Is not all that of the
gods, for George Meredith laughed, too,
though there was a spice of sadness
in his laughter, as one of who had
looked out upon the world and had
found little there to cheer him. Nay,
Meredith's humor suggested that he
made haste to laugh lest he should
weep, and at best his laughter was
charged with bitterness.
Mr. Meredith married twice. His
first wife was a daughter of Thomas
Love Peacock, an English humorist, to
whom he dedicated one of his first
books. After twelve years his wife
died, leaving him one son, and Mr.
Meredith married again and settled
down at Box Hill, Surrey. His second
wife died Sept, 17, 1885, leaving a son
and a daughter.
Of late years he lived quietly at
Box Hill. He kept himself in almost
complete seclusion, seeking recreation
mainly In long country walks. He
was regarded as the dean of English
men of letters, and received from the
King the Order of Meritt. On his 80th
birthday, Feb. 21, last year, he was
honored by the leading literary men of
Great Britain with an address of con
gratulation. His American admirers
also sent their greetings, drawn up by
Prof. Charles Eliot Norton, and signed
by such men as Mark Twain, Henry
James, Richard Watson Gilder, George
W. Cable and William Dean Howells.
Mr. C. Dusty-Rhodes is taking .
much needed recreation at Indian
Lake.
Quite tlenn.
Manager You say this is a play of
the slums. Is it a clean play?
Author It couldn't be cleaner. The
hero is a white wings and the heroine
Is a washerwoman. Baltimore American.
04M44444444444444444444C:
0
! Old Favorites i
I
I'm Hot Myeelf at All!
O, I'm not myself at all, Molly dear,
Molly dear,
I am not myself at all !
Nothin' carlo', nothin' knowin', 'tis after
you I'm goin',
Faith, your shadow 'tis I'm growin',
Molly dear,
Since a change o'er me there came, sure
you might change your name
And 'twould just come to the same, Mol
ly dear,
'Twould just come to the same;
For if you and I were one, all confusion
would be gone,
And 'twould simplify the matter en
tirely ;
And 'twould save us so much bother
when we'd both be one another
So listen now to reason, Molly Bnierly,
O, I m not myself at all !
Samuel Lover.
Old Shoes vu. Old Man.
How much a man is like bid shoes !
For instance, both a soul may lose;
Both have been tanned, both are made
tight,
By cobblers. Both get left and right,
Both need a mate to be complete,
And both are made to go on feet.
They both need healing; oft are sold,
And both In time shall turn to mold.
With shoes, the last is first; with men,
lhe first shall be last: and when
The shoes wear out, they're mended new:
When men wear out, they're men dead,
too.
They both are trod upon, and both
Will tread on others, nothing loath.
Both have their ties, and both Incline,
hen polished. In the world to shine :
And both peg out. And would you choose
o be man or be his shoes?
A Compliment to Cooka.
We may live without poetry, music, and
art,
We may live without conscience and llv)
without heart;
We may live without friends, w may
live without books.
But civilized men cannot live without
cooks.
Owen Meredith.
Croaaed.
"Father, what are wrinkles?"
"Fretwork, my boy, fretwork." In
dependent.
Even In the face of th kind of hats
they are wearing this spring, there nre
some women who claim thy haven't
their, "rights."
Taking the average for the world
there is one uewspaper for S2.000 In
habitants.
JOAN OF ARC'S ORIGIN.
evidence to Show That She Belonged
to Noble Italian Family.
The beatification of Joan of Arc has
reawakened an interesting discussion,
namely, as to whether the maid of
Orleans was of French or of Italian
nationality.
French historians are unanimous in
asserting that Joan was born at Dom
remy and that her parents were James
and Isabelle Romee, humble peasants
from Ceffonds, in Champagne, whose
French nationality is undoubted. In
the process of beatification, which last
ed from 1894 to 1909, no document was
produced referring to the place of ori
gin of Joan's father, and naturally the
church takes it for granted that she
was French, an Ignorant, humble, simple-minded
peasant girl whose achieve
ments were truly miraculous.
Until recently the opinion that Joan
of Arc was of 'Italian origin was nev
er seriously entertained since it mere
ly rested on traditional evidence un
supported by documentary proofs and
dating only from the nineteenth cen
tury. The tradition was that a certain
nobleman of Bologna named Ferrante
Ghisllieri fled to France in 1401 and
that Joan was his daughter.
Several Bolognese writers, notably
Pancaldi and Marzano in 1835, Caro
lina Bonalode in 1845 and Crollalanza
several years later, supported the opin
ion that Joan of Arc was an Italian,
and Moroni mentioned the tradition
in his ecclesiastical dictionary. Still
historical evidence was lacking.
A manuscript record written in 1731,
or perhaps earlier, and entitled, "Lives
of 227 illustrious members of the Ghis
llieri family famous in sanctity, in
learning and in arms, compiled from
the most accredited historians," has Just
been discovered at Bologna by Sig.
Amerigo Scarlatti, says a Rome corre
spondent of the New York Sun. This
manuscript contains the following en
try: "1401. Ferrante Ghisllieri fled from
Bologna when Giovanni Bentivoglio be
came master of the city and usurped
power, and to escape the anger of the
tyrant he went to France, where he
had two children in 1424."
Manifestly this sentence is not suf
ficient to prove that Joan of Arc was
one of Ferrante's two children, but
Sig. Scarlatti supplies what is lacking.
He explains that Ferrante settled at
Domremy with his wife Isabelle and
that as in his family coat of arms
there was an arch, "arco" in Italian,
he adopted this as a name for his chil
dren, hence Joan was called D'Arc,
while the name Romee was merely a
nickname, as It were, meaning that
the family was exiled and hence pil
grims. Some years ago a fresco represent
ing a kneeling girl clad in armor, over
which she wore a pilgrim's hood, and
bearing a standard with the red cross
of Bologna, was discovered in the
Church of St. Petronius. The figure
has been identified as Joan of Arc and
it was painted in 1445. This discovery
completes the evidence that Joan of
rc was of Italian origin.
Preeoctona.
Small Girl Why doesn't baby talk,
father?
Father He can't talk yet, deaf.
Young babies never do.
Small Girl Oh, yea, they do. Job
did. Nurse read to me out of the
Bible how Job cursed the day he was
born. Tit-Bits.
Every woman believes that her
horse, her cow, her cat, her dog and
her bird "know exactly what yoa say I
to them."
FRENCH INCOME TAX
How the Impoat Will Affect Amer
icana Realding; In France.
In furnishing the following informa
tion concerning the French income tax
which has passed the chamber of dep
uties, as It will affect Americans re
siding in France, Consul-General Frank
H. Mason of Paris reports that the
Senate commission will occupy at least
a year in its final consideration, so
that the tax will hardly take effect
Derore tne beginning of 1911, says
Dally Consular and Trade Reports.
For the purpose of the law, all per
sons occupying a leased dwelling room,
flat or house for a period of one year
or more are subject to the supple
mentary tax based upon an income
which the law will assume to be seven
times the amount of the rental paid
for such habitation. The tax on this
assumed Income is progressive accord
ing to the following scale, in which.
for convenience, 5,000 francs will be
considered equal to $1,000, although
the actual value of the franc is 19.3
cents:
A person with an Income of 50,000
francs ($10,000) will pay the supple
mentary tax as follows: First 5,000
francs, exempt; second 5,000 francs. 1
per cent, or 50 francs; third 5,000
francs, 2 per cent, or 100 -francs;
fourth 5,000 francs, 3 per cent, or 150
francs; fifth 5,000 francs, 4 per cent,
or 200 francs; remaining 25,000 francs,
5 per cent, or 1,250 francs; total tax,
1,750 francs, or $337.75.
Take as another example the very
frequent case of an American family
living In Paris for purposes of health,
education or enjoyment and paying for
a fiat of eight rooms an annual rent
of 5,000 francs. The income of such a
family would be assumed by the law
to be 35,000 francs ($6,775). The real
income may be much less than that,
for as a matter of fact Americans as
well as others pay one-fifth or even
one-fourth of their incomes for rent,
thereby securing residence in a desir
able quarter, and practice economy in
other items. All the same, however,
the income of a family paying 5,000
francs as annual rent would be as
sumed to be not less than 85,000
francs, the tax on which would be
1,000 francs ($193), provided this in
come tax law shall be finally enacted
with that portion of the statute un
changed from its present form.
When an American living in France
practices his profession or is engaged
in other business as a means of earn
ing money he becomes of course sub
ject to the other taxes and contribu
tions that pertain to French citizens.
In a recent book entitled "Some
Eminent Victorians," the author of
which is J. Comyns Carr, an English
man of letters, there is a story which
rather contradicts the tradition that
English youth is invariably suckled
on Shakespeare. In the course of his
career Sir Henry Irving found himself
In Dublin at a time when the Duke
of Marlborough, the father of Txrd
Randolph Churchill, was Lord Lieu
tenant of Ireland. "Hamlet" was the
play of the evening, and Lord Ran
dolph, seated alone, occupied the vice
regal box.
When the second .act was ended he
went behind the scenes to Irving's
dressing room and introduced himself
to the actor.
With an apology that was evidently
sincere, he expressed his regret that,
owing to a reception at the castle, he
was unable to wait for the conclusion
of the performance. He declared him
self, however, intensely interestea in
what he had seen, and begged Irving
to tell him in a few words, as his time
was limited, how the play ended.
Irving was at first so taken aback
that he thought his visitor was indulg
ing in a humorous sally at the ex
pense of the immortal dramatist, but
a quick glance at the young man's
earnest face sufficed to reassure him,
and he then told Lord Randolph the
outline of that concluding part of the
story which his social engagement did
not permit him to see represented
upon the boards.
When do you play it again?" in
quired the young man of the actor.
"On Wednesday next," answered Irv
ing.
"I shall be there," declared Lord
Randolph, earnestly; and there, as
suredly, he was, from the rise of the
curtain to its fall, in rapt attention
to every succeeding scene of the tragedy.
At the conluslon he again went
round to Irving's room, even more en
thusiastic than on the occasion of his
previous visit; and, with a naivete
that was, Mr. Carr thinks, deeply char
acteristic of that power he afterwards
displayed in public affairs the power
of swiftly appropriating the knowledge
needful for every successive post he
occupied he made the frank avowal
that unee their last meeting he had
read for himself, not only "Hamlet,"
but two or three other plays by the
same author.
And do you know. Mr. Irving," he
said, "I find them enormously Inter
eating." .
The Announcement Followed, j
She They say there are germs in
kisses. Now, what do you suppose a
girl could catch that way?
He A husband! Ladies' Home
Tournal. j
Golan- Soma.
Can she keep a typewriter running
fast?" J
"Fast? Gee, she can keen the bell
playing chimes! "Kansas City Time,'
SOMETHING FOE ETESYB0DT
The Queen of Roumania has writ
ten thirty volumes.
The reclamation service of the Unit
ed States has already committed itself
to Irrigation projects which will in
volve a total cost of $90,000,000.
The number of automobiles regis
tered in London is nearly 35,000.
Traffic between the eastern and
western coasts of the United States
by way of isthmus railways and
steamship lines amounted to $40,000,
000 in value in 1908, a marked in
crease over any earlier year.
The most illiterate country of Eu
rope is Roumania. Two-thirds of the
population can neither read nor write.
The recently discovered eighth sat
ellite of Jupiter has been successfully
photographed at Greenwich observa
tory. At the funeral of Fred Cavalla, a
London costermonger, the open hearse
was drawn by six horses. One of the
leading horses was ridden by a postil
ion dressed in black, while four bear
ers carrying white wands walked be
side the hearse.
Canada, Denmark, France, Ger
many, England, Russia, Sweden and
the United States were, in 1908, repre-
sented among the twelve expeditions
which were struggling toward the
pole. Eight leaders wore veterans
Peary and Cook of the United States,
Bernier of Canada, Erlchsen and Ras
mussen of Denmark, Charcot of
France, Shackleton of England, and"
Geer of Sweden.
Mrs. A. A. Anderson, of Greenwich,
Conn., has given $5,000 toward a par
ish building to be devoted to the so.
clal and educational purposes of the
deaf and dumb. The house la to be
three stories in height and to contain
rooms for entertainment, handicraft
and physical training. The entire cost
of the building and its equipment as
now planned will be $30,000, and Mrs.
Anderson has promised to double her
gift if the balance is raised during the
present year.
In the course of a report on the dis
infection of school rooms W. H. Marsh,
an English science teacher, asserts
that tests made of samples of school
room dust showed the number of micro-organisms
therein to be from 50,
000,000 to 80,000,000 an ounce.' On
some days as much as one and one
quarter pounds of dust was swept
from a room 400 square feet in area,
which, on the basis of the figures
quoted, would yield from 1,000,000,000
to 1,600,000,000 micro-organisms.
One of the most famous bells in the
world is the first great bell of Mos
cow, which now stands In the middle
of a square in that city and is used
as a chapel. This bell was cast in
1733, but was in the earth for over a
hundred years, being raised in 1836
by the Emperor Nicholas. It Is nearly
twenty feet high, has a circumference
of sixty feet, is two feet thick, and
weighs almost 200 tons. The second
Moscow bell, which Is the largest bell
in the world that is actually in use,
weighs 128 tons.
A rabbit hears a man and a dog
coming and goes bounding away for
safety. The dog strikes the scent,
smells around briefly, and then is oft
in the direction the rabbit has taken.
The wonder is not that the dog should
strike the scent, but this: Each of
the several spots the rabbit touched
was touched by him within a fraction
of a second of one another; yet so
accurate is the sense of smell of the
dog that he can tell which was touch
ed last, and so get the direction ot
the rabbit's course New York Press.
Mrs. Fannie Friedman, who died the
other day in New York, was said to
have Just passed her 112th birthday.
She was born in Hungary, married be
fore she was 21 and had thirteen chil-
dren. At the time of her death she
had five children, fifty-nine grandchil
dren and eighteen great-grandchildren.
Up to the day of her death she was
active, both In body and mind and
took pride in the fact that she had
never had a doctor In her life. Her
rule for good health was: "Don't wor
ry, take things easy, sleep ten hours
a day and eat five meals."
The Inscriptions on church bells are
often quaint and interesting and fre
quently relate to historical events.
They are more often than not in Lat
in, sometimes bad, but nearly always
terse and vigorous. The 12 o'clock
bell taken down In the French revolu
tion bore the inscription, "Ego sum
vox vlt, voco orato venlte." The
Holy Ghost bell at Strasburg bears the
motto, "O Rex Gloria Christe, renl
cum pace," and is only rung when two
fires are seen in the town at the same
time. The following is a quaint and
fairly common Inscription: "Funera
plango, Fulgura frango, Sabbato pan
go, Excito lentcm, Disslpo ventos, Paco
eruentos." London Globe.
Philadelphia is up in arms, as nev
er before, over the action of its trac
tion monopoly in abolishing its slx-lor-a-quarter
rate and establishing a
itratght 5-cent fare. "Here's where
I get one pair of shoes t
less every year than I
served the plain qjsteenas he-.Cs?
over his 5-cent f ..v Vm- 'V
. -n niv via
o six fares, but
ajitr 1 I find IH have
bo, things to make it
U'average four timea
"It doesn't sei
cents, instea
I've figured
to do without
pay. I ride
a day. Thaf rT.itfO times a year. . Un
der the six-for-a-Huarter rate, I rode
for $60.83. Now I shall have to pay
$73, or over $12 . more. Why, that'll
buy two pairs ot shoes and a hat."