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"jjE "OTSJTON AS IT WAS THE CONSTITUTION AS IT IS, AND THE NEGROES WHERE THEY ABE. ,
COE.YALLIS, OKEGONs SATURDAY, FEBR J&KY - 28, 1863.
NO. 41.
vnt. TV.
&lje (DrtQou Union
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AeenU Idrthe Oregon Union.
Thos. Botce, Esa., Sn Francisco.
T.s n.TT.M.irpneralasent.for Yamhill county.
ST. KAts'oi',
B. V. Howard,
o. p. coshaw,
John Thompson,
S. El.MWOB.TH,
Jj. C Mbad,
McLaughlin & Klippel,
Jo Wettekeb,
A. P. Turner,
John O'Bmen,
Hon. J. B. White,
Franklin.
Brownsville.
Dayton.
Eugene City
Pleasant Hill.
Jacksonville.
Williamsburg.
Applegate.
Bock Point,
Phoenix.
Ashland.
Kirbyville.
Althouse.
Waldo.
Allen Gulch.
Myrtle Creek
Leland.
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Sand Ridge.
Linn county.
Albany.
Pat. McMancs,
D. Crowiy,
G. W. Wells,
Gu8tap Wilson,
O'Reoan Bros.,
Wm. H. Burnett,
Owen Cotle,
Col. Wm. J. Martin,
M. Rosenberg,
Dennis Howe,
Americus Savage,
Dr. Wm. F. Alexander,
George Helm,
J. J. Burch,
Capt. F. A. Lemont,
Thos. J. Lovelady,
Perry Hyde.
Independence.
St. Helens.
Dallas.
Harrisburg.
Salem.
120 Front St. Portland.
Hon. B. F. Bonham,
Dick Irwin,
John Hall,
-J A. Campbell,
Cedar Point, Washington Co.
Lafayette.
For the Oregon Union.
Execution of Thos. A. Snider and
Ten Others.
A little after twelve o'clock,
One sad and gloomy day,
Three vraont drove unto the jail,
Where Thomas Snider lay. -His
fated chains were then thrown off,
And he was ordered out,
Then those same wagons bore him on,
Along the gloomy route.
To him and nine more hearty men
This sentence then was read :
Before the setting of the sun,
That they should all be dead.
Ten rough board coffins were prepared,
And in those wagons placed,
And each-was made to sit on one,
As on they moved in haste.
The cortege soon drove up the line
Unto the silent spot,
Where these unlucky sons of men
Were sentenced to be shot.
The coffins then were taken out,
And placed down on the green,
While thirty soldiers, arms in hand,
Were there to close the scene.
'When all arrangements were prepared,
The doomed men kneeling down,
A Mr. Rhodes then offered prayer,
While yet they viewed the ground.
"When prayer was over all arose,
And on their coffina sat,
Then at each other cast a look,
Whom guns were leveled at.
The Marshal then with R. M. Rhodes,
To them a farewell gave.
By shaking hands with all of them
Before they -met their graves.
Then bandages were offered them,
To bind around their eyes,
.To hide their study, honest gaze,
Which they could not disguise.
But only two accepted them,
The others looked with ire
Upon the murderous vilains there,
And waited for the fire.
Then soon the word to them was given
To kill those helpless men,
And in the fire of thirty guns,
Fell two out of the ten. "
Then worse than savage fiends, the crew
ithpnstols bight in hand.
Rushed in upon and butchered them,
" At "Loyalty's" command.
Now I have only this to say, -
Ye Devils, fiends of Hell !
There is a place, too hot, I fear,
Where after death yuo'll dwell.
The Indictments Against Secreta-
v.y otamton. j.ne iaci inai me present
Grand Jury have failed to find any indict-
C . mi ( . .1 i i .!
.ment against Secretary Stanton must not
be taken as an indication that the matter
has ben abandoned. On the contrary, the
prosecution will be conducted with renew
ed vigor. There was not sufficient time
for the December Grand Jury to do more
than commence an investigation and ac
cumulate evidence. It is upon this evi
dence, together with such additional testi
mony as shall be brought before them,
that the Grand Jury, summoned for the
January term, will be called upon to act.
And we do not hazard much in predicting
that before the 15th of January shall have
passed away, a requisition from Governor
Seymour will demand of President Lincoln
the person of Edwin M. Stanton to answer
certain indictments brought against him
in the Court of General Sessions for the
peace in and for the city and county of
.New lork. JN. x. Argus.
The Abolition Proclamation The
Solemn Pledge. "I have no purpose, di
rectly or indirectly, to interfere with the
institution of slavery where it exists. I
believe I have no lawful right to do so."
Lincoln's Inaugural Address, March
4th, 1862.
r
i
Radical legislation.
Among the many evils which radical
legislation is preparing for the future, not
the least formidable will be found to result
from the operation of unjust and prescrip
tive confiscation laws. Our Constitution
embodies, on this subject, the true spirit
of enlightened humanity, and asserts the
correct principles of public law and natu
ral justice which limit and justify the
right of confiscation.- Every departure
from these principles every violation of
them by usurpation of power under what
ever pretext every act of submission on
the part of. the governed,' to Such viola
tions, illB,cta!y;add to ta&difSculty of
terminating our disgraceful war, but will
leave upon our society, when the war shall
have ceased the implacable resentments
and passions whicn years ot peace will
neither subdue nor eradicate. No govern-,
ment can hope to perpetuate its organiza
tion whose laws are at variance with the
instincts of natural justice, and violative
of the enlightened spirit which is suppos
ed to pervade the humane and Christian
civilization of the present century. Our
confiscation laws have been enacted in
furtherance of a sectional and malignant
policy which has earned for its supporters
the merited title of "Radicals." In seek-
g, at all .risks, the triumph of this poli
cy, tpese radical politicians have lorced
the country into a terrible civil war, and
would fasten on posterity, by means of
their, pernicious legislation, a legacy that
will open up a source of litigation without
measure of ruin without hope. There
is no mistaking the original source of this
sort of legislation. It springs directly
out of that puritanical spirit which filled
the statute books of our, so-called, pilgrim
fathers, with disgraceful and intolerant
laws. If this spirit has been less mani
fested in late years than it was when these
PIOUS pilgrims burned witches and impris
oned uxorious husbands for kissing their
wives on Sunday, the difference is less the
result of change of character, than alter
ation of circumstances. As opportunity
offered, these sanctimonious gentry shew
themselves as covetous or gain as they
were bloody in persecution. They were
willing to barter immunity from their in
tolerant code, for the wealth they conld
secure by prostituting a calculating intel
lect to a thrittwhich hallowed means, pro
vided the ends revealed a golden fruition.
In tnis rce of sordid passions, hypocricy
was elevated nto a -virtue, and cant be
came the never failing cloak of dishonesty.
It is this puritanical spirit, grown arrogant
by the wealth it has achieved by its hy
pocricy, that now confronts the country
with its cant about slavery, and proposes
a legislation in consonance with its early
teaching and practice. While this fanat
ical spirit is urging its destructive policy
on the couutry, we may measure its prob
able effects, from the analogies which his
tory presents. The Jacobins of the French
Revolution, confiscated property belonging
to the Church, to the amount of nine
hundred and fifty millions of dollars
and yet in the distribution and manage
ment of this vast estate, the expenses,
during the first year, exceeded by ten
millions of dollars, the revenue derived
from it; and. in a few years augmented
the national debt thirty-five millions. Jn
accounting for this result, Alison repaarks
that, "in the confusion conscq ent on so
great an act of spoliation, no account of
the ecclesiastical domains could be obtain,
ed ; and the leaders who had sanctioned
so prodigious a robbery, found it impossible
after its commission, to restrain the pecu
lations of their inferior agents." The
same author, in another connection, ob
serves that by the confiscation of the
property of the Church, the Consittuent
Assembly gave a fatal precedent of injus
tice, too closely followed in after times;
exasperated a large and influential class,
and rendered public manners dissolute."
Up to May, 1793, and in a period not ex
ceeding four years, the property confisca
ted from the clergy and nobility, was val
ued at thirteen hundred and forty millions
of dollars- and as the enormous emissions
of assignats, were based upon this prop
erty, the value of the currency deprecia
ted in proportion as the property was
squandered. JNor did the evils stop with
the present bankruptcy of the govern
ment the prostration of private credi
and the demoralization of the neonle. The
effects nrfi Rt.;n visible in fcni-s. and will
; be traced in her social history in a long
j future. We again quote from Alison, who
'
says : ''The confiscation of land has been
to France what a similar measure has been
before to Ireland a source of weakness
and discord which will never end."
The remarks of this author, on the sub
ject of confiscation in Ireland, are so lib
eral, judicious and apposite, that we ven
ture to give them at some length to our
readers. They will repay perusal, and in
voke serious reflections on the probable
judgment of posterity upon the facts we
are creating for historical criticism.
"The first evil which has attached to
Ireland was the original and subsequent
confiscation of so large a portion of the
landed property, and its acquisition by
persons of a different country, habits and
religionfrom the great body of the in
habitants. In the successive insurrec
tions which that country has witnessed,
since the- English standards first approach
ed her shores, nearly all its landed prop
erty has been confiscated and lavished,
either on the English nobility, or compa
nies, or individuals of English extraction.
Above eight millions of acres were bestow
ed away in this manner upon the adven
turers and soldiers of fortune who follow
ed the standard of Cromwell. - It is the
great extent of this cruel and unjust
measure which has been the original cause
of the disasters of Ireland, by nourishing
profound feelings of hatred in the descen
dants of the dispossessed proprietors, and
introducing a body of men into the coun
try, necessarily dependent for their exist
ence upon the exclusion of the original
owners from the inheritance of their forV
fathers." Rait. Mirror.
Letter from Major Jack Down g.
,' NUMBER TWENTY-THREE.
, . , " : Washington, Dec 2g, 18C: -
Tq ihe Editors o Tina Vv - v
Seas : Wal ef I ain't been bizzy sence
I writ you last, I wouldn t say so. I got
your letter about seein Blair on the quest
shin of sendin The Cawcashin in the
mails, an I hadn't any doubt but he would
do it as soon as I put the subjec to him in
the rite light. -Blair's father, "Parson
Blair," as .he used to be call'd in the old
Ginneral's time, an I, used to be very thick.
He helped me sifer a good deal when i
was postin the Ginneral up about Biddle's
Rank matters. Rut 1 hadn t seen tne oia
man for a long time ontel I called on him
tother day. He was dredful glad to see
me, an shuck my hand as if he thought
there warn't no feelin in it. Ses he, "Mav
jer, it s a long time since we ve met, an
know you are a loyal man, for there am t
no follerer of Ginneral Jackson that could
be anything else." Ses I, "Ef there's a
loyal man in this country, I'm one. I go
for puttin down every feller'that's opposed
to the Constitushin, L don t keer who he
I only wish we had an Uld Ilickery
to step in now an just deal out jestiss all
around, without anv parshality. 1 gues
there s a erood meuny lellers that don t ex
pect it, who mijrht get histed." "Wal,"
ses he, "Majer, I'm of your idee exactly.
The truth is, I'm ttnnkin tnat tne aamin
istrashin is played out. The Ultrys will
ruin it." "Wal," ses I, "Mister Blair,
I've cum to see you about another matter.
Your son Montgummery, who used to be
a little shaver in the old Ginneral's time,
has got the place of Amos Kindle, art he
has been stoppin Dimmycratic papers in
the mails." "Oh no," ses he, "I guess
not; only sum disloyal sheets." "No,"
ses I, "I'll give you a hundred dollars for
every word ot disloyalty agia the Uonsti
tushin you'll find in that paper." Here I
took a Cawcashin out of my pocket, an
hauded it to him. - He looked it over an
couian't' find notkin to .obje-&-'.- 1iheB T v
showed him .the motto at its head, tfsn,
from his own words about the freedom of
the press, and then I tolled bim I wanted
him .to go with me to Montgummery, an
see ef the thing couldn't be fixed. So we
went over, an you never see a man sterc
so as Montgummery did. Ses he, "Majer
Downing, I'm tickled to see you. I think
you have slighted me sence you've been
in Washing-ton. xou ve Deen to see nign
about all the- members of the Cabynet ex
cept me." "Wal," ses 1, "I don't go
around much, except on bizness for the
Kernel; but now," ses I, "I've cum on
another arrand ; I've cum to see why you
don't allow all the Dimmycratic newspa
pers to go in the mails ?" "Wal," ses he,
"Majer, that's jest what I'm goin to do.
It was bad bizness for us that we ever
stopped these papers. It made more votes for
the Dimmycratic party than any other
cause. The truth is, it never was my
policy. I never did beleeve in it, and
now they all see it must be given up."
Ses I, "Mister Blair, if you didn't beleeve
in it, you orter have refused to do it.
That ain't the way the old Ginneral acted,
an he's my model. Ef ho thought eny
thing was rong, there warn't a mortal man,
high or low, that could have got him to do
it. He would have died afore he would
do wat his conscence told him warn't right,
an it's them kind of men that are great
men, and will save our country, ef it ever
is saved." "Wal," ses he, "Majer, you're
about right, an I don't think I shall stay
in this bote much longer. Things are go
in from bad to wus." "Yes," ses I, "they
are like old Sol Hopkins's dyin cow, 'get
tin no better very fast.' " "Rut," ses he,
"Majer, you can rest easy on the papers.
We are going back to the Free Press Prin
cipul, and let the people have their own
way." "Wal," ses I, "I'm glad to hear
it. It's'about time there was a change."
So I bid him good by, an went back to
see the Kernel, who I found in a peck of
trubbil. Ses I, "what's" the matter now .'"
for I saw at a glance "sumthin was up.
Ses I, "is Burnside whipped agin or is
Stonewall Jackson in our rear t" "No,"
ses he, "Majer, nothin of that sort, but
sumthin jest about as bad. There has jest
been a committy here from the Senit who
demand that I shall change my Cabbynet.
They say we don't have eny success, an
the peopul demand a change." Ses I,
"did you kick em down stairs ?" "No,"
ses he, "I didn't." "Wal," ses I, "you
orter. They might jest as well ask you to
resign." Ses I, "don't your Cabbynet
agree in your policv 1 Don't they do as
vou desire V "Yes." says he, "they do."
Wnl " sea T. "then what's the use of
changin ? If you intend to change your
noliev. then it is reasonable to ask you to
change your Cabbynet,-but otherways
not." "Wal "ses he, "Major, that's my
idee exaetlv. but I didn't tell em so, 1
thought I would wait an see what you
thought of it." "Wal," ses I, "I see the
hull ennse of the rumpus. The defeat of
Rurnside has made em so wrathy that they
didn't know what to do, an they thought
thev must find : fault about . sumthin.
Ses I, "fighten the rebels is jest for all the
world like bar huutin. A good menny
venrs a"o".- when it was common up in
Maine, n i-h about all the nabors would
now an then turn out to hunt a bar. If
they caught him they used to have a grand
time, get up a big supper an drink whisky
till they all got how cum you so. But if
they didn't ketch the bar, then one was
blamin tother, and tuther anuther, an sum
times the, affair would end by gettin into
a regular fite all around. ' Jest so it is
now. If Burnside had whipped the rehils,
it would all have been right.". ' Ses Link
in, ses, he, "Majer, you're right." But
what am I to do? .V They komplain about
the Cabbynet, an want me to change it."
"Wal," sesi Ir "Kernel, I tell you how to
Sx it. Get the Committy and Cabbynet
ace to face, and let em , quarrel it put."
'"that wouIf Kff"a "Capital idtcfafajerj-bot
how' am I to do it ?" "Wal," ses I, "you
jest call the Cabbynet together for twelve
o'clock to-morrow, an then send for the
Committy, and put 'em in the same room
together, an see how the happy family will
manage.''' The Kernel was struck with
the idee, and so the next day the Cabby
net were assembled, an pooty soon after
tha Committy, with Fessenden Cheerman,
made their appearance. You never see a
more flustricated set of people in this world
than these men were. But iuere was no
backin out. The Kernel called the meetrn
to order, an sed he had received a good
many komplaints, and he wanted the mat
ter fully discussed. Fessenden" got up,
an said that the people were gettin tired
of the war, an that the only way -to satisfy
'em "was to change the Cabbynet. Burn
side has been defeated, Banks has been
sent a great ways, off, when he was wanted
at home, the sojers warn't paid, the gun
boats warn't finished, &c, &c. Chase got
up first, he sed if the sojers warn't paid it
warn't his fault. The fact was, that pa
per had riz onexpectedly, an his stock was
low. Jest as soon as paper got more
plenty, an he got ihe new patent National
Ten Cylender Revolvin Machine at work,
the sojers would be all paid regular...' Then
Stantin got "up, puffin like a porpuss.
Ses he, "Mr. President, these ere remarks
are impertinent, an if I had my way, I
would send every one of this Committy to
the Old Capitol. I'd like to know what
these men know about war, and strategy.
Why, they talk about the defeat of Bum
side. It is nonsense, sir, he ain't been
defeated ! The people are humbugged by
the newspapers in the land. They inter
fere with my strategy. Burnside has'
gained a great success. He has discover.-
ed the strength of the enemies works at
that pint, ana now we Know that some
Gtfi-er Z votuti is tha-fea.i-to bo fc a , -i a r,
that one. Ef it had aot been for this bat
tle, we shouldn't have found that out.
This Committy of old gentlemen, or old
women, I had almost said, don't under
stand the art of war. Their talk is sheer
impertinence. I'de squelch em with a
proclamashin, if no other way."
Then Granfather Welles got up, an sed
he didn't like to have fault found because
his gunboats warn't reddy. He sed he
would like to see eny one who had worked
harder than he had. He bed he hadn't
slept but fourteen hours aday for six
months, while his naturel rest required
eighteen. He had sacrificed all that for
the good of his country, an he didn't be
lieve one ;f the Committy had done as
much. Blair got up an sed he didn't keer
hpw quick they turned him out. He was
reddy to go eny time, as he thought the
thing was played ont. Bates sed he
thought things looked more cheerful than
ever before, as he had jest discovered that
niggers could be citizens, an that the Dred
Scott decision was a humbug. When they
all got thru, there was a ginnerel talk all
around, and they finally cum to the conclu
sion that there warn't eny reason for a
change after all, and they all went off in a
pretty good humor.
To the great Cabbynet erysis ended, and
the Kernel feels like a new man. My idee
of gettin them all together face to face,
the Kernel ses, saved the nashun. That
nite we set up till after midnight, and
finally after takin a good swig of Old Rye,
Went to bed. The next morning the Ker
nel was as merry as a lark,, an could tell
stories as well as ever. '
Yours tilldeth, -, ,
Majer Jack Downing.
-The Urn ft.
Gov. Seymour, in his inaugural mess
age, says of the skulking Abolitionists who
avoid the draft: ;
' I urge your immediate attention to the
inequality and injustice of the laws under
which it is proposed to draft soldiers for
the service of the General Government.
During a long period of peace but little
attention has been paid to our military
system. For the purpose of a conscription
it is entirely defective; it contains none
of the provisions which in the European
systems mitigate the evils of compulsory
military service ; it pays no just regard on
one hand to the evils which it may inflict,
while on tbe other it makes numerous ex
emptions which are inconsistent with fair
ness and with the spirit of our Constitu
tion, that contemplates that all of suitable
age3 alike shall perform military duty or
pay some equivalent. This purpose is
fully expressed by the first Constitution of
our State :
"It is of the utmost importance to the
safety of every State that it should always
be in a condition of defense; and it is the
duty of every man who enjoys the protec
tion of society to be prepared and willing
to defend it."
The present Constitution has a provision
to the same effect " Not only the organic
law of our State, but justice demands that
every man who enjoys protection of socie
ty should be prepared to defend it. lie
cent legislation on this subject has depart-
ed widely from this principle ; -no condi
tions have been prescribed upon whieh.
those who have scruples of conscience
should be excused from bearing arms.
Exemptions have been . multiplied until
large classes are not only relieved from
military duty, but also from - giving any
equivalent for such relief... They include
numerous omcials and other classes who
have no claims to exemption beyond those.
which belone- to eveTy citizen engaged in
useful pursuits. . - " .' ..vV
These ' favored classes are usually in a
better condition to give an equivalent than
the mass oC those upon whom these liabil
ities now fall. ' Thcrs' should be no such
suitable years should be equally liable ; it
those who are unfit to, perform duty are
drawn, they should pay such sum as shall
be deemed just by suitable tribunals. If
they are unable to pay, the amount can
be remitted, or, like firemen, they might
render an equivalent in an equally honor
able branch 'of the public service. If the
lot falls on officials, they can procure sub
stitutes or pay such commutations as may
be prescribed by law. It is glaringly un
just to allow those enjoying all the honors
and profits of official station to go free ot
all liabilities,- while the only son of the
widow; or the sole support of the family,
may be foreed upon a distant and danger
ous service.
Tiie "Grand Decree of Freedom."
Mr. Lincoln is supposed to be an earnest
believer in "impartial freedom," that is,
in the equal rights of darkiedom, and how
ever disastrous his efforts hitherto to carry
out that "great principle," his chief organ,
the New York Tribune, declares that he
never doubts of final success, and on the
first of January will issue a grand decree
declaring all the negroes of the "rebel
States" ipso facto, "free Americans." Of
course this is the "higher law" in all its
perfection, not only higher than the Con
stitutiou ' and human reason, but higher
than that of Great Jehovah, who, haying
made the negro subordinate to the white
man, has decreed that he shall remain
thus subordinate forever. But, after all,
"honest old Abe" is a plagiarist, even in
this great work of reversing the eternal
order of God Himself. Seventy years ago,
fthe French Convention issued a decree of
"impartial freedom'' in San Domingo, and
sent out Commissioners to that island to
carry it into effect. ' The Commissioners
3?rar?iin innwei-BtvtioAi
for all flarkiedoni to assemble together in
a central place, where Santhonax, the chief
Commissioner, was to read the decree de
claring them all "free Frenchmen" on a
certain day. The whites and mongrels
were already in the midst of a frightful
conflict, and the road of the Commission
ers was lighted up by burning houses and
homesteads. But Santhonax, with head
high in air, and decree in hand, never
doubted its success'and therefore marched
steadily forward through scenes of death,
burnings and dessolation, to free the "un
happy slaves." At last, reaching the cen
tre" of the crowd, he began reading, with
out a doubt or a tremor in his voice, the
grand "decree of freedom" to the infuria
ted negroes, who, of course; made short
work with him, and had his wise and be
nevolent head on a pole long before the
time for finishing his great work. The
advocates of "impartial froodom" in our
midst, seem to be marching rapidly in the
footsteps of the French Convention, and
should they go as far as poor Santhonax,
they are pretty certain to reach a similar
end.
Mrs. DouglasThe Washington
correspondent of the St. Louis Bul
letin take3 tne following liberty with
this lady's name: -
A paragraph is going the rounds
of the press stating that Mrs. Douglas
widow of the late Illinois-Senator, is
about to contract an alliance matri
monial with Chase of the Treasuryj
no doubt founded upon the court the
Secretary of the Treasury is known
to pay to tne acc implished lady, but
it is understod here that the happy
man, that is to be, is General Kufus
Installs late Chief Quartermaster of
Arrnv of the Potomac, under General
McClellan. One or. both of these re
ported engagements may be the in
vention of lively Washington gossips,
though it is pretty certain that the
ladv can have for a hnsbaud either
the snsceptible Secretary, or the gal
lant General; and judging by her de
lay in coming to a conclusion upon
their respective merits, it may be pre-
su med the contest is about even be
tween the two aspirants for her hand
It is a love tilt between statesmanship
and greenbacks on the one side, and
soldierly qualities and epaulettes, on
the other. "
Ineqitaijty The six New England
states with a population of 3,136 000,
have twelve votes in the UnitedStates
Senate, while the State of New York
With a population of 3,881,000, has
but two votes in that body. The
Abolitionists call this "a comfortable
and pleasant fact." .
.The Louisville Journal supposes
that " the fortunes of war" wo hear so
much" about, are the fortunes made by
the army contractors. - -
Making Coffee. Coffee, as very com
monly prepared, by persons unacquainted
with its natureris a decoction, and is boiled
for some time, under a mistaken notion
that the strength is not extracted unless it
be boiled. But the fact is j ust the reverse.
The fine aromatic oil which produces the
flavor and strength of the coffee, is dispell
ed and lost by boiling ; and a mucilage is
extracted - at. the', same : iime, which also
tends to make it flat and weak.-f The best
modes are, to pour boiling water through,
the coffee in a bag or strainer,' which is
found to . extract nearly all the strength ;
or, to pour boiling water upon it, and sec
it on the ' fire, uot. to exceed ten minutes.
The Turks and. Arabs boil the coffee, it is
true, but tlicyboiFeach euTt)yi3ilseltiiiclr
only for a moment, so that the effect is, in
fact, much the same as that of infusion,
and not like that of decoction. , They do
not separate the coffee itself from the infu
sion, but leave the whole in the cup.
The war. No glimmer of light yet
penetrates the dark cloud of dreadful
war that envelops our oeioyea coun
try. On the contrary, it grows denser
and darker each day ; and Heaven a
loive knows when and how -light and
peace shall come again The War is :
now nearly twojy ears' old. The South
first threw its cap into the 'ring with
o rm Hotorminntinn tn win or diA
little hut lithe, like well-developed
and scientific Mace. - The;lTorth, big
and burly, responded like fhe prized
fighter, King, and then "t the battle
began. The huge lunges of the mam
moth man, confident almost to con
tempt were spent in empty air, while
the smaller but more determined com
petitor shot forth blows both fast and
heavy. ....
One was headlong, the !other wa
ry. One, maddened by repeated re
buffs, rushed blindly again to the at
tack, but lacking energy equal to the
intent, was repulsed again. The othee.
more skilled, though not ' more brave,
artfully evaded " punishment," but
only to "return" again, unexpectedly
and with unlooked for foi'ee.
Hooker has taken the place of Burn
side, and the Army of the-Potomac is
farther away from Richmond than it
was a year ago. . , - ,
And so goes the fight for championship-
of a mighty empire : the Bpec
tfttoya txMng tuyaved -more by-jaBsiojv-
The Akmy of the Potomac A cor-
responpent of the New York World
gives some statements in regard to
the "wasting away" of the Army of
the Potomac which are rather start
ling. The correspondent writes as fol
lows: 1
Without giving any clue to our real
strength, let me say that any regiment
which went out with McUleiian to me
peninsula, and which can still num.-
ber three hundred men ; tor amy, nas
more-than the average Btrengia oi
these regiments. And. the new regi
ments whichjoined the army in Mary
land and Virginia during the past
three months are melting away with
a rapidity that makes one 6ick at
heart when he considers the work be
fore them. Though many have suff
ered severely in battle, yet not one
fourth part of the depletion is thus
incurred. The real and: great cause
or causes, I may say, of depletion, is
the irresponsibility of the medical
service. Let me say that in this I do
not allude to the service1 in the field,
the attention and care 'of the sick in,
field hospitals, or the attention to the
wounded after battle, but to the abom
inable system which takes men from
regimental hospitals, transfers them to
distant points, and there, through
corruption and illegitimate influences,
at least two thirds of them are never
haarr -(' in otm RPrviflR Affaitl. It llflS
v - "7 o
become the regular habit of regiment
al officers to look upon a man traus
fered to a distant hospital as dead to
the service. And tha records of the
regiments show more . than half of
their original strength J marked "sent
to the hospital," and never heard from
save through an application ior a
"descriptive list " for obtaining pay.
. .
It does not need much figuring to
tell where we shall be in this respect
when the time of the nine months
men shall have expired. And so un
less some better means is devised of
returning absent, convalescent and
deserting men to the ranks, we shall
look in vain for our army.
" BaEADElGHTEEN HUNDRED YkABS
Old. An important archaeological dis
covery has just been made at Pompeii, of
a mill with a great quantity oi corn in
...11 & . .... nnA nn Avon with
eighty-one loves, arranged in rows, and
but slightly affected by the heat of the
lava, having been protected by a quantity
of ashes which had covered the iron door
fitted to the mouth of the oven. These
loaves have all been got out entire. A
large iron shovel for introducing the loaves
into the oven ' has also been found on-the
spot, with a remnant of its wooden handle.
This is the first discovery of the kind on
record. Not far from this place, 53 silver
and -561 bronze coins have been found.