Image provided by: Beaverton City Library; Beaverton, OR
About The Beaverton review. (Beaverton, Washington County, Or.) 192?-1941 | View Entire Issue (Feb. 1, 1924)
T he B eaverton R iw iew C onsolidated, D ecem ber 28, 1923 with Volume II 81.50 No 9 Per Year 1 H E BANKS H ER ALD which was Established in 1910 ore Beaverton, Washington County, O re g o n, Friday, Febiuary 1, 1924 — ui^i UPHOLDS PATENT SALE Just Watch Beaverton Grow U. S. Suit Aoainst Chemical Foundation Dismissed by C. E. Hedge Is Planning on Frcct In? a Three Story Modem Building on His Prcprriy iudge Morris. CONSPIRACY O w im a of CHARGE Chamloal FAILS Foundation PrdM d lit Uaa of Former Oarman Patanta for Sonant of Amert- eon People. Wilmington. Dot—lo • alxty too paio daclakm »hick swept away or ary ooo ot tbo Uoraromant'a major ooatoallona aa kolas without kaala la (act or law. Federal Judge llucb M Morrla dlemleeed Ita ault lo aal a-lde tho aala of aalaod cbamlcal and dyo patanta by tho Alloa Property Cualo- dlaa to tho Cbemloal Fouadatloa, lac. Tho decision robakad ibo Govern ment tor Including la tbo bill of com plaint a aartoa of coaaplracy chargoa uuaupportod by ovldoaco at th* trial aad rafutod by tbo dofanao aa a «il »a by dooumaala Blod by tbo Uovaru ■oat In docllalag to eootpoi tbo Fuuada tton to roaturu tbo dlapulod patanta. aumborlng aomo 4.700 aad bought for $171,000, from tbo Uoraramoal, Judgo Morrla bold tbaro waa ao arldeoce banrtag out allagatloa of a coaaplracy by Amort can maaufaclurora to effort a moaopoly through Iba Fouadatloa. Tho court rulad that tbaro waa do DTldoaca of fraud or decoll practiced on Prealdoal Wllaoa, Mr Polk. Under Secretary of IMnto: Attorney Goaoral Palmer and other high oSIriala ot that Admlalatratlon. Qarvan'a Coorao Uphold Tbo opinion praised Fraacla P. Uar van. preeldeat of the Fouadatloa. aad Ita truateoa, as baying met the moat severe of teau la tbolr con tort of tbs Foundation—'“the teal of actual trial." They wars declared by the court lo afford, through Ihalr high Integrity aad unquestioned palrtotlam, a thor ough assurance of loyally to their trust. I I baa kept tbo faith." aald tbo roart Of the Foundations work. Judge Morrla found without merit the Oorertiment'a contention that tba criminal laws were violated In ibat Mr. Uarvan. aa Alloa Property Custo dian and tharsby a public truatee. sold to himself aa president of the Foandatloa tbo patents la question lie bad actad by direction of lYt-el dent Wllaoa aad hla acta, aupervlaed by tbs President under the latter's wide war power» granted by Con greaa, could not be brought to court. Congress had not delegated leglsla tire powers to President Wllaoa. aa maintained by the plaintiff, aad tba courts could aot paaa Judgment on rhe wladora or lack of wisdom of Presidential war acta. Judga Morris recited that although Colonel Thomas K. Millar, present Custodian, who had approved two of the aalaa Involved, verified tba com plaint, ta hla testimony be admitted that be could not enumerate any of the facta alleged to have bean with held and suppressed from him. "In view of Ibis tastlmony and tba obvious fact that tba power to charge persona with fraud aad conspiracy la a weapon with which asrloua trreme- dial Injury may be dona to Innocent persons If such charges are lightly made. It la difficult to understand wby the specific charges to which the foregoing testimony relates were made.“ wrote the court. "Yet the re maining Ilka charges were equally lo< king In evidential support In fart, at the argument, the plaintiff aeetned no longar to press these charges against the persona alleged tc be con aplratora, bat It sought to have the chargsa sustained aa against the of ficers of the Qovarninent who formu lated and carried out In the public In tereat tba plan of aala. . . While I know of no case where by Implica tion of lav. the duty of clearing Itself from Imputed fraud rests upon the defendant, yet the defendant haa met even this burden." Holds Wllaon Hsd Full Power While the Trading With the Rnerny Aot at first merely authorised rue todbinshlp of Herman properties In this country. It wss later amended, recalled the Court to give power of eale under such conditions as the President. In the public Interest, should determine upon In effect, this mode the President, as ngi-nt of the nation.' poaaessed of powers as htond na though he were absolute owner of the seised properties tinder the pro visions of ths act. the President whs empowered to make nny conditio,ta of sale he considered necessary In the circumstances. The sales In dispute were not made by the Custodian In hln on pacify ss s common law trustee, hut under the extraordinary powers devolving upon him as the President's representative under the additional sections of the act. "Because a trustee with only iho usual powers may not nrrilnnrl'y sell trust property at private sale for less than Ita fair monetary ralite. *i by ■o moan» follows that the Puitodian acting under supervision -and ill recllnn of the President, may not do go." held the Court. "Obvloualy ths ' primary purpose of the art wa* ths , protection of the nation not the b -nr [ fit of the enemy. The trust was f.i the benefit of tbt nation a putilU j pot g private truai. Tbs statute re quire# ths I’reoblsht to coneMer ths HI GH S C H O O L public Interest. Public Interest Is not I,urli« Hile unii I licirsu l.oml- a synonym for money." In ihta relation Judga Morris quot borg » s i e rei'cnl vieillira ul lite ed from I'n-aldeut Ooolldga'a message Ululi Hi'liiinl. Ui Congress on the Muscle Mhoala M a i.irrlinu of tin- Freshman priri.lsm. th»: "‘ while the prloa la an Imperial., «lenient, them la another flu • lii'lil recently, tin- following ronsldnrailon even mere compelling I’fliri'i's were I'lcpted: Prcslili'iil, * * * If this mailt object (low prlcud (ioorgianm Mnlnrkey; »eercl'irjr, nilrnlec for farmers In peace and the (iluilys Khellrntn-rgei'; treasurer, Uovernmant la wart Is arcotnpllabcd. KI» iu Whitworth; reporter, Mar the amount of money received for Iba property Is not a primary or major tini Woodruff, nnd sergeant at Urins, l.uwrrnci' liny. cunaliteralUm." deferring lo Oarman owned proper Tin- Sophomores have elected ty, the court aald "Much of this properly waa not I Ill'll' oMrera for (Ills scun'slrr. -li*: i*i'-idem . Merge liai - InnoccnlJy held nr held solely for i l i trade and sommorer. Information ac all'll; vitto iiii'sidi'iit, Mildred Mi - quired by (li-rmao owned companies l.< d; Koitridnry, Thelma Lee; ba<l b’-oa tranamlliod to llerlln. and Inosiiror, In'iu* stock; report»'r. there Indexed and made available to (¿urli* Tignili, mid sergennt ut Herman rompetltora and the Herman Hovsrnmrnt The files of one coin arms, Pete lions. puny were tilled not with business The Juniors I,<tvo e|i-rli‘d llii'ir papers, hill with pan-Herman liters class offlcera for this si'incalcr. luro. It waa a distribution contra for l i t 'y nrc: Pri'eidciil, Arthur propaganda In this country " Lang, vice president, Hubert Upholds Conffc stlon of Patents Judge Morrla pointed ont that whan Ifi ckcit; secretary, Jean .Jack-on; America entered ths war she adhered I it n surer, John Gray; reporter, to the Inisrnstlo isl convention for O r li Fumions, mid sergeant ul bidding poison g«s "but It soon be «m is. borii Humes.. came apparent that America would he The rtenmr officers for llie fighting nn disastrously unequal terms second oi'inrotar nre: Président, ualess she should make uee nf all the president, dread weapon» being used against bur Harley Taylor; vice by the foe When Hermany persisted Ernest Masters; »eorelery, Kr- la her attempts In destroy her nppo ni'sl tin Miislera, treasurer James Tn y lor; reporter Jaime Hudson neats wMh potsnn gas In mntravrn tlon of all Interim tin rial agreement*, nini Sergeant ul arms, Henry Ja- she made M manifest that America's cobsoit. future safety tar la America's chemi A iiu iii I h ’I’ of thè sludeuts, cal ladepeud'-ace The amevtdmrnt to tba act waa posset to the dsrkeat priiirlpiilly Remora went to Hills- days of tha war I allowing ths aala of ii im with Mr*. Dew turai Monday seised proportion). a waa thought lilKhl lo the IIlllil Senior Class Paris was about to fall and the Chan Play which was entitled "Clar- nal ports be token ” These ware the ance.'. They report lliul the circumstances. aald tha opinion, play wits very good and that (lie “ which Impelled Congress to grant ths President the br<>art powers of almost (Neuter wits well crowded absolute ownership M waa tha latent The sophomore rla-s ot Hea of < on gross in subordinate mere prop ve flou High School have pre erfy rights In the welfare nf tha na sented Mrs |tewhir«l with a sil Mon " Of the value nf the patents sold. ver sandwich Iray lo show Ihcir Judge Morris held. In accordance wILh appreciation for Hie work that Hie tesllmnuy. Hist while l»r. Carl she did in I heir recent play in Ifnlderman. a Herman, asserted (ha I e'ping lo make H u success. lluber patents were worth $17,000,000 The presenlalion was made hy to the Hermans, "ths evidence la over Mervn llnlulen, llu pre-nient of whelming that they ware and are without aubstanttal affirmative value the class, In American rltlicna Had Ihsse pat A la regular student body elec- ents been sold to Americans at public lion held January 28, the fol- rather than private sale aad only tha net proceeds paid to Ibatr former ■ wing ofllccu were elected: Kr- enemy owners these owners woald ne-l Mirtini. President; Arthur Ppesiih'iil; Mahle hsvs suffered an almoat total losa In I .mg. Yiee the value of their property." Kirwitig, Secretary; Jark Malar- Pralsaa Work of Foundation l ey. Treasurer! Cordon Halslcu. Aa to allegalloos that the aala waa Sor; - j ii I al Anils; Canta Peter ant in obtain a fair valua. hot to pro- son, Parliamentarian; and Janet mnto the Interests of tha chemical and llunlley, Reporter. dye Industries aod that the transac Friday night. January 25. Hea- tion waa In legal effect granting a verlon Ululi played Yamhill High vibaldy to private Industry, tua Court on the home floor which re commented. "Ibis challenge to tha motives of the oNcera making tho sulted in u victory for the local aala la snpported. I think, neither by girls hy a score of 27 to 7, the facta nor tha taw. Mr Polk da mid u defeat for I lie .local hoys Nevi tsrinlned tba public Interest would he hy a score of 2J to IO. best served by a wide use of the in Friday night, February I, (lie meet Hunks venllona cor «red by tha patents. If local teams will tha property waa sold under terms Ptgh srli'Kv! on !lie Beaverton and cnndlllona (hat assured Its being High t ymnnsium. This will he devoted to the public use It matters the iirsl game with Hank* that aot what benefits or detriments may Ih'uvertou Iras played for three have flowed as Incidents therefrom "The property Is In the keeping of years. men who have In Its management no The itami-- of die Honor Slu- selfish Interest to serve and whoso do denls fur Iasi semester were votlon |o the public tiiteresl haa been ■ erd in the nssemhly January established." continued the opinion IH. To he an Honor Student 11 "N o better plan for devoting the property to public use has been sug- , was necessary for one lo have geated Ths plan has stood tho most three \'s as nn average for the severe of all tests - actual trial. The seme-ter and no grade helow a defendant haa kept the faith. This P. Those receiving Iwo A's as It baa dona, not only by granting li an average nnd no grade helow censes In furtherance of the purposes ■ II were given very Honorable •or which It was ebaratered. but also Mention. The slatidurd Ira- at Ita groat expense, by distribution of books and pamphlets showing tha national necessity for practical devel opment of chemical science In Ameri ca. If perchance, those heretofore engaged In the Industries have de rived an Incidental advantage from the plan, that Incidental result cannot Invalidate a transaction lawfully con summated In tha public Interest. Tho same charge would lie against tha validity of every tariff act. • • • The aalo waa In effect to America and Ita cttlxena. not to those then engaged In chemical and allied Industries." Juilre Morris ruled that If the ex ecutives entrusted by Congress with power nf sale acted within the scape of that power “ their acta are not sub ject to JoitlcWI nullification or review. Invasion hy tha courta to determine whether the public Interest required the property be sold otherwise than under the statutory conditions pre scribed anil to act aside the sale should the Judgment of the court bn different from that of the President would he a Judicial nullification not only of the President'* act hut also o( the act oi Congress conferring on . the President the power to deiermlne what the public Interests required What the public Interest requires de pends upon the conditions existing In • lie nation. Courts do not understand the 'slate of tha Union' and as. I up prehend. sre not squlpped to ascertain It. • • • The statement of the rea sons actuating the President does not make his aot any thr last an act of dlacretlon. It la conceded the Preat- | dent cannot be brought Into court to aiih^U nllate his reasons The statute doea not require him to dlsrloae to I he purchase'- the evidence upon which hlr reasons were bused Tho stalutr doea not limit (be Executive In he aa'lc 'nent of reaaons to snch as tin) hr supported bv legal evidence or v, t * a » fivgUublg to lb* public.' Plans nre alread drawn nnd the I unirne) will $o>m he lei for u three sl»»ry brick and con i' re I e liiiildlug to be erected hy C. K. Hedge on Ills Highway properly fronting on Hroadway. We me mueti gratified lo hum lliul Mr. Hedge in his Judgment sees the need o f such improvement. There Iras lieen n demand for tills rlass of lhiilding for some lime. This modern building will ; have four store rooms on Ihe ground floor, and Iwo floors I which will both have eight mod ern iipartineiilH. Any of the I store rooms will he altered lo I suit tenants. 'This properly is considered to lie ini's o f the most desirable lo- râlions in llenverton. Plans o f ihe building can he seen in E. E. Swenson'» office window. I REAL ESTATE TRANSFERS Floyd Flstepp el ux to C. C. Heers: part o f Blk I Fan-view Add. $1(1.00. John H. Schemer el ux to Elmer P. Ivey: | ac. Carden Home. $ lo.no Joseph H. Church el al lo V W. Pln-lps el ux: & ar. Alder- brook Farm, $10.00. Carl I.. Hanks el al lo Hobt. M. Hanks: pari of See I T 2 N, It J \\ , $10.00. John Her et al lo John Sliorb: tract in Sec h T ! If, It I W. A. C. Shule et ux lo Win C. Hare: part o f l.ot 8 Hlk I Hills boro, $10.00. C. C. Heers et^ux to Floyd Fslepp et ux: 3(1 ac Sec 25-26- S5 A ;m T I N. R. 3 W. $10.00. Dallas P. Murray to Covell A <'o. Inc. .715 ac Beaverton Iteed- v ill»» Ac. $10.00. Cora Wetherell gil vir to Chas. Ilernard: 2 ac Sec. 10-11-15 A 16 T I S, It | W. $650.00. Matilda Nollscti to Hurl A. Nollsch et ux: l.ot t Hlk I Val ley View Add Forest Crove, $100. John Stewart et al lo Crossed W'••stem Company: tract in Sec t T N. It «I W, $60,000.00. I.. F llundierg et ux lo F.dwnrd A. Dixon et ux: I ac Forest Cl >\e. $10.00. been raised a great deal aud il i veiy difficult for a student lo have his name on either list. III.' lists are as follows: Honor Students: Alice Holiness, Cladys Lindsay, Virginia Parks, Helen s ii'es, James Taylor, Rufie San toro. Very Honorable Mention: Verne I taxis. Janet Huntley, June !!u Ison, From Welch, Phyllis l.iuginan, Harley 'Taylor. Nersa lla'sten, and Martha Woodruff. Slippery Going UNION OIL STATION NONNED 'Thieves broke into Ihe plant of Hi.' Union Oil Co. just east o f town, Saturday night and slob* a tire, a flash light and some other little articles lliul w ei" lying about. They seeured entrance to the place hy prying off some pad- loek* that were used to fasten the doors hut did not find much of value where they could get their hands on il. The manager reported the loss to the county authorities hut there has been no clue discovered lo lead lo the identity of |||e burglars. n 4N K S HERALD, Volume X IV , No. 11 j, ‘-to r i", OBI T D A K . W . D. Smith W. I). Smith was born in 1859. For the past thirty years he has madr hi* home in Hillsboro where ten years ago he was elected a Justice o f tj. • peace. He mninlaiiird an office about opposite J'eterson- Caragc where H was the custom o f the County Sheriff to take petty o f fenders for trial. Judge Smith ii«d earned a reputation for being -evere wuh • hose who break Ihe traffic laws hut that was probably because hr did what lie thought was his duty. While walking along (lie Southern Pacific tracks about a mile west o f his home Tuesday morning he was struck hy a wr-i hound |tassenger train about half j>ast eight in the morning. His body was hsdly mangled and be was recognized by papers he had on his person. The engineer in making his report stated that Smith had stepped o ff the track in re- s|w)n*e to several jerks on Ihe whistle string but as the train drew up to him he stepped again oil the (rack directly in front of Ihe train. He leaves a sister in Forest Crove, Nora Smith and a brother in Idaho, J. D. Smith, to mourn his untimely deatii. lie will be missed by a large circle of friend* and acquaintances who have been accustomed to go to him for advice about matters legal. . I ^ " Tnmittee Op poses Bridge Kainier-Longvicw Bridge Across ColoubU Held to Be Unnec essary at this lime Tha* the construction of a bridge across the Columbia or the Willamette Rivers would in- ferfere with (lie navigation hy deep draft vessels o f the rliaiiiicl from Portland to (lie sea, would SONTAQ-ZAGEN WEDGING prove a calamity to tlie farmers, Mr. Haiti Soiling and Miss ihe maiiufarturers and Ihe ship Belle Xager were married in pers o f the great Columbia ba ! Salem January II. The trappy sin, and therefore should not he couple left immediately m e a permitted, is the stand taken by short honeymoon which I hey the Open River Committee con spent at the coast. Mrs. Sonlag sisting of Oregon and Washing H e « returned to her work al Hie ton business men which recently Beaver Inn where she will slay was organized. until someone can be found to This committee lias made a lake her place at (lie Inn. She thorough invesligalion into the " i l l then join her husband al proposal to build a bridge span Hay City where they expect to ning the Columbia between Ra- make lheir future home. nier, Oregon and Longview, Wn. The lies! wishes o f I heir many and the members have become friends go with Ihe young couple i firmly convincedof the folly of a* they start anew on their such a project, both from the journey through lif». standpoint o f a necessity and of a menace to the shipping in PUPILS WHO PASSED dustry on the Columbia. 8TH GRADE EXAMINATIONS The unanimous opinion is Below are Ihe names o f Ihe that Oregon and Washington pupil» who successfully passed cannot afford to jeopardize the Ihe eighth grade examinations I $38,759,075 expended by the ibis monlh, and are now entitled United States Engineers, the lo enter high school. Port o f Portland and the Com IHstrict Seven, Hillsboro, W il j lis Cooper. Kingsley Patterson, mission o f Public Docks o f Port land in developing the channel j FJinore Mating, Bertha Mohr, from Portland to the sea and in hda Robb, Irene Connell- Max providing unexcelled terminal well Chambers. Louis W . Gerber farilities for deep sea shipping, liisirirl ||, Caslon. Agnes Louis W. Gerber was born in which in the past two years has Harder. 1907, Ihe son o f John and Mary saved $18,925,019 in f r e i g h t liisirirl 15, Forest Crove, Cerber who make tbeir home at rates to the shipper, shared Florence White, Scull Roberts. 1 Bethany. He died at his home largely by the farmers of the Dorothy Bryant, Klnia Duncan. with his parents Sunday. two states. Alice Johnson Maybelle McNutt, He was buried Wednesday ill It is the practice of some of Mabel Brown- Floyd Hodges, Union Cemetery after funeral Verb* Hines, Ilonald Cheney. services held in Bethany Bab- the steamship companies to re I.andon Curtis, Richard Klling- list Church at 1:30 P. M. The fuse to permit vessels o f deep een, Margaret Brewer. Mildred arrangements were unorr the draft to navigate a port above bridges, and it is believed by Clayton. •arc o f Clenn F. Bell, mortician, the committee that if a bridge District 32, Cherry Crove, l.u- of Hillsboro. should lie built at the proposed cile Fiskc. site, vessels o f heavy Tonnage District 51, Mountaindale. would refuse to go to Portland I.eona Stromberg. ■ rs . Elizabeth Twigg lo discharge and lo load cargo.' District 56, Kansas City- Mrs. Elizabeth Twigg was boi n The result would be. it is argued Fianklin Kuhnian. hi 1833 and came to Oregon in that benefits now enjoyed in District 58. Farmington, Lou 1886.* She died after a short lower freight rales by reason ise Halvor.-en, Brice Adams, illness at the home o f her son, of the unobstructed channel, John Adams. Joseph Twigg at Scholls January would be forfeited and wheat District 66, Seth School, Eni- 23. growers, wool producers, or- nw Williams. She is survived by her two cliardists, lumbermen and others District 79, Witch Hazel, Har- sons, William Tw igg o f Seattle who ship hy water lo world*» old Bakke. and Joseph Twigg o f Scholls, markets, would ever after pay District 86, llayward- Alina and three daughters, Mrs. Anne the penalty in higher freight Scheible. Wendstrom of Jennings Lodge, District 88 Sherwood. Anna Mrs. T. C Reed o f Hillsboro, rales. OI -en. The committee has arrived at and Mrs. J. H. Collier o f Oakland. the conclusion that Ihe bridge District 99. Thatcher, I.eora California. Ha ney. would be o f benefit only lo Ihe District t 10. -Glenwood, Anita people o f the Lower Columbia Mae Ohler, Thane Ohler. River districts as a means o f Leopold Sams Clias. St. Ferdinand School, travel between Northwestern Ore. (Continued from Iasi, week.) and Southwestern Wash., and Yunderzanden. Edmund Yander- He leaves to mourn his loss, this benefit, enjoyed by only a zanden. his wife. Mrs. Martha Sams; four | small number of inhabitants of daugliers, Nora. Julia, Marie and (lie Iwo slates would not he CARD OF THANKS W e wish to Crank our friends Elizabeth; two sons. James L. sufficient to justify such a vast in d neighbors for their kindly and Lyndrn; his mother aged I expenditure o f money as would sympathy and aid extended lo ninety, who lives at Prescott, be required, not taking into con us during our recent bereave Washington, and a nephew. Geo. sideration the barm it would do ment. 'The Lord gave, and the Sams, who has been making his to Ihe commercial, the indus trial nnd Ihe farming interests Li rd hath taken away. Rlessed home with the family. His last words to his wife and o f the states hy interfering with be Ihe name o f the Lord. Mrs Leo Sains and family family were that he had found commerce on the river. II would peace with Cod. not shorten the distance from The funeral w-as held at the Southwestern Washington to Methodist Church in Beaverton, Portland or points in (he W il January 21, 1924. and inter lamette Yalley or from Portland ment in the Cresent Crove cem to Puget Sound, and therefore etery. The arrangements were would be of no benefit to the in charge of Mr. W. E. Pegg, the great bulk o f travel. Beaverton t’ udertaker. Construction of a bridge along the lines proposed and al the site named would require piers REAL ESTATE T.JtNSFERS in tlie waterway. The tentative Jennie J. Palmateer to Oliver site is directly helow the mouth (). Coslett et ux: part o f Blk tl of the Cowlitz river at a point Hillsboro. $10.00. where the Columbia i* narrow Jennie I.eeson Brown to Hen and where swift currents and a Piers in Ihe rietta Brocks: part o f lot I Blk fog belt exists. river at that point would cans-' 18 Wi lining's Add $10.00. Tcrressa E. Turnidge el vir lo -lioaling, would change the cur (Ira Margaret Campbell: tract rents and would make naviga- in Section 21 T I S, R 2 W, $10. lion of the channel more d iffi cult especially during freshet V. ;l. Ellis et ux to R. A. periods and in lime of fog. Wallis ct ux: 217 ac, See 8, T -' "W e fail lo find that the con S R 2 W , $10.00. struction of a Lower Columbia Jackson Wright et ux to Ed highway bridge is necessary at ward Renfrow et ux: part of the present time, to serve any Hlk 9, Naylor's Add, Forest economic need," said the Corn- mil lee in its report. “ W e be • love, $1.00. lieve llrat the existing bridge at V fmhriu et itt to A . J. Vancouver is sufficient to meet H a t . . • — . ... — v" - -, 15. 22 and 23. T I N, R 2 W, all traffic demands felween Or egon and Washington. We fur $10.00. ther believe, that il low bridge on the Lower Columbia would he nn ohslriirlion lo navigation, absolutely unjustified by any needs apparent now or which can-remotely he foreseen. The only type of bridge which should he eon*!curled across Ihe Columbia when the need for a (Continued on page $.)