A JW
TA Ej
OUR COMIC SECTION^
1
’FARM *
POULTRY
SANITATION NOT
USE OF FEDERAL
PRUNING BERRY
GIVEN THOUGHT
GRADES IS URGED
BUSH IN SPRING
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TAKE- MV
UMBELLA
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THE FEATHERHEADS
Had You Heard It?
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ONICE a n o A
HALF / / ? m once
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s o u W ERE G<
ANO A HALT I a IHAT
TELL ME
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MICKIE, THE PRINTER'S DEVIL
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tUORKBJfi' (UXJMD A MB u SRAPKR OTC i C» IS
eauCA-nOMAL » F R IUSTAU0C, n ' lcarh how
C heap COME FOULS w u 0 s VUWCU THCV
P alaver ’ rouuo tp m im ’ tö <S« t m u u TJ
P riait
by th. Vnlte-1 Slat« Depart-
Along w ith a m arked developm ent
Folks who have only enough berry
n:«nt o l A u r tcu ltu re.>
bushes for th eir own use will find
Com plaints of many dairym en In I In the poultry Industry during tha
It more satisfactory to w ait until W isconsin, Iowa, Illinois, Indluna, past y ear or so has come a m ounting
lute In the spring before pruning. It ; Ohio and M innesota, th at th eir orders wave of poultry troubles, and chief of
I will often pay to w ait until the buds for alfalfa are Im properly filled by these troubles Is the problem of dis
on the canes begin to break. One shippers In Michigan, N ebraska, K an ease, says H. H. Alp, poultry exten
can then tell Just w hat fruiting wood sas, eastern South D akota, eastern sion specialist of th e college, of ag ri
has survived from the preceding sum I Colorado and Wyoming, Indicate th a t culture. U niversity of Illinois. People
mer. The condition of the wood can I In most cases the dairym en are us Interested In poultry have studied Im
not always lie told during the ing Indefinite descriptive term s In proved methods of breeding and feed
dorm ant season.
placing th eir orders, the bureau of ing and have overlooked the questlou
In order to get a large, stiff cane agricultural economics. United S tates of sanitation, he said.
and for the purpose of having them D epartm ent of A griculture, has an
On the basis of records which a
under control th e new shoots th at nounced.
representative num ber of chicken
put forth from the crow ns the preced
G eneral specifications In orders such raisers kept In co-operation w ith th e
ing summer are cut or pinched back. as "good feeding alfalfa," “choice," college th ere Is an annual loss of
This Is done when the new shoots j or "pea green leafy alfalfa," either about three million birds from th e
have reached a height of 30 Inches may be Interpreted dllTerently by ship flocks of the state, according to Alp.
or thereabouts. Too many farm ers pers and buyers, or m ake possible de- A large percentage of the loss could
and growers delay the tim e of sum ' liberate m isrepresentation, th e d epart be traced directly to undesirable con
mer pruning. In this case a large m ent says. In either case contro ditions in und around the henhouse,
amount of wood grow th is lost. F u r versies and rejections often arise th at he said.
thermore, the new luterals th a t put
"T he m arked progress th a t has been
are costly to both shippers and buy
out late In sum m er are fa r from ers. Use of federal grades and In made In the poultry Industry during
sturdy. This weak grow th alm ost In
spection are advocuted to correct the th e p ast y ear or so Is due to sev eral
variably suffers front w inter Injury.
reusons, but chief of these has been
situation.
On the other hand when the pinching
D airym en require lenfy well-cured the changing of the furm er’s view
buck Is perform ed ut the proper time,
alfalfa with high protein content and point tow ard poultry. A few years
the lateral branches make a more vig
high palatablllty. Being unable to ago the farm er looked upon his flock
orous growth and most of the tops
obtain the quality of alfalfa w anted, of hens only ns a m eans of supply
reach the ground and produce new
they frequently buy protein In the ing his wife wltn spending money and
plants. L ateral branches th a t are a t
beyond this they did not Interest him.
tached to the soli alm ost alw ays come form of mill feeds which are relative
ly high in price und which departm ent The recent p artial failure of the com
through w inter In good shape.
crop and other m eans of revenue from
The lateral brunches carry most of experts declare are not a complete
the farm has caused extrem e w ant In
substitute
In
feeding
for
a
protein
the buds thut produce the crop of
many eases. F arm ers who have kept
forage
such
as
alfalfa.
fruit later. The crop yield will be
The federal hay stan d ard s are based a decent-sized flock of hens have
In proportion to the num ber of
wurded off this condition nnd m any
heulthy laterals th u t the cane has upon definite color and foreign m ate
farm ers testify thut th eir hens have
produced. U sually each crown wlil rial specifications, and, In case of al
saved them.
have from three to six cunes th at falfa, for leaflness also. T he grade
“In 1925 records on 234 farm flocks
have, on the average, four or five U. S. No. 1 A lfalfa m eans a type of
hay th a t Is 60 per cent or more n a t In Illinois showed th ere w as a profit
good, strong laterals.
In pruning these lateral branches, ural green, 40 per cent leafy, and on the best one-third of the farm s of
the am ateur grow er Is frequently puz which does not contain over 5 per cent $2.45 a hen, and on the poorest th ird
zled to know Just how short to cut of foreign m aterial and 5 per cent a profit of less than 1 cent. T hese
them. O rdinarily from 6 to 10 Inches grasses. The specifications a re defi sam e records also show a m ortality
of each strong lateral should be left. nite and cnn be definitely Interpreted rute of 12 per cent. The com parisons
This means th a t from 25 to 40 Inches and applied by federal Inspectors to of the two profits made will Indicate
of wood should be left on each cane. determ ine controversies and disputed four fnctors responsible for such a
If one could be sure th a t th ere would contracta. The grades p ortray defi difference between them : Sanitation,
be plenty of m oisture during the tim e nite type of hay commonly produced, personal, breeding nnd feeding.
“T he greatest facto r lacking In the
the fruit Is ripening, more wood could and provide a common language for
all people to use who produce, buy, m anagem ent of these farm s Is the one
be left.
of cleanliness. The m ortality ra te for
Those who have not practiced sum sell and feed hay.
Inspection of hay moving In ’nter- the two groups varied but very little,
mer pruning will find th eir lateral
branches farth er out on the canes. In sta te commerce Is not compulse • un showing th a t the progress made by
many cases they are too sm all and der such laws as prevail for grain, al the furm ers In the $2.45 cluss was due
spindly to be of much value In fruit though 18 sta te s have adopted the chiefly to b etter feeding und breeding
production. In pruning these canes It federal stan d ard s as official state methods. Now tak e this class und
Is well to cut aw ay the main cane ¡ft standards. A federal hay Inspection have them practice a sanitation pro
a height of th ree or four feet. These service is conducted by co-operation gram and the profit a hen will In
canes should be supported w ith stakes w ith many states, comm ercial ex crease practlcaily 50 per c e n t
“Feeding is Invariably the first prob
or trellis of some kind. The canes changes, shippers’ organizations, and
th a t were sum m er pruned will be farm bureaus, on a voluntary basis, lem to be considered by u beginner,
found heavy enough to support them the D e p a rtm e n t1 of A griculture m ain and, In a way, rightly so, but It can
taining supervisors’ offices a t W ash only be successfully carried on In con
selves.
ington, D. C., A tlan ta/C h icag o , Kan junction with clean and sanitary su r
Why throw feed which
sas City, S alt L ake City, and San roundings.
Says Lubricating Oils
costs around 3 cents a pound In wet,
Francisco.
Are Cheapest for Mites D irect shipm ents of alfalfa to dairy damp, dirty nnd filthy litter? If a
person would only stop and think of
Some fru it grow ers a re m nklng a men In W isconsin, Iowa, Illinois, In
saving of around $3 on a 200-gallon diana, Ohio and M innesota have been the num ber of tim es a hen has to eat
tank of spray m ixture through using m ade possible under U nited S tates on the sam e area of floor space or
ground space. It would be quite ob
stabilized lubricating oil emulsion In stan d ard s and federal Inspection from
stead of miscible oils, points out A. L. K ansas C ity; C hicago; Powell, Wyo. ; vious even to th e person of lowest
I’lerstorff, fru it s' clallst, In the G arden City, Kan. ; and Lexing Intellect, th at unless th at area was
New Jersey A griculture, the official ton and K earney, Neb., w here fed kept clean, the bird would soon su f
publication of the sta te college of eral hay Inspectors a re located and fer.”
w here hay dealers and co-operating
agriculture nnd experim ent stHtlon.
In view of the low prices received m arketing associations will tak e or Early Pullets Are Most
for fruit during the p ast season this ders on th e basis of federal grades.
T he grades of alfulfa best suited
Profitable Egg Layers
saving Is an appreciable Item to those
E arly pullets nre th e most profitable
grow ers who m ust use large q u an ti to dairy feeding are U. 8. No. 1 Al
ties of oil sprays in com bating the falfa and U. S. No. 2 A lfalfa (L eafl pallets, because they begin to produce
E uropean red m ite on apple, peach, ness good enough for U. S. No. 1). eggs In the fall and lay through the
and cherry trees, points out Mr. I’ler O rders based on these definite grades w inter season. As everybody knows,
w ith request th a t a federal hny cer the fall nnd early w inter eggs alw ays
storff.
tificate shall be attach ed to the In bring profitable prices.
The stabilized lubricating oil em ul
voice by the shipper will assure the
Then, too, the early chirks appear
sions. as prepared by the m anufac
delivery of good hay. Should a dis to Inherit more vitality with the
turers, be explains, nre made w ith the
p ute arise a federal Inspector may ability to grow off rapidly. The cause
aid of com paratively Inexpensive sub
of this b etter grow th In the early
stances such as casein, glue, or pow- be called In to determ ine the facts.
Inform ation about federal hay In chick Is possibly due to the e x tra
ff-red skim milk, and are diluted so
spection and hay supplies may be ob vitality Inherited from th e hen be
th a t the spray contains 3 per cent
tained from Federal Supervisors, E. O. fore she becomes run down through a
actual oil, or 1 Vi gallons of oil em ul
Pollock, 1513 Genesee street, Kunsas season’s heavy egg production.
sion to 33 giillous of w ater.
City, Mo. ; H. H. W hiteside, room
One disadvantage of the early chick
The miscible oil sprays contain
Is the cold w eather, making ex tra
inch em ulsifying ugents as carbolic
heat necessary for chicks. With mod
acid, cresyllc acid, and vegetable oils.
ern brooder stoves and o th er brooding
Such m ixtures practically dissolve in
methods that produce strong bent,
w ater. The draw back to them Is
this handicap of w inter w eather Is
th eir expenalvenesa.
.easily overcome.
Another disadvantage urged ag ain st'
early chicks Is the fact that, if the
w eather Is cloudy nnd chicks ennnot
get sunshine, they are likely to take
leg weakness. It Is now known th a t
P rnnlng plays a big p a rt Iti profit
sunshine is the best chick gaower.
able sm all-fruit growing.
lu n p ai prouuci, nutterrat. la re
Be sure you w ant to go Into the garded by such men as H erbert
fruit business. F ru it growing Is a H o o ter nnd others as having proven
W inter egg production Is largely
business, not an avocation.
Indispensable to tha development of obtnlned from the pullets th at are well
the hum an race. Day In and day out grown, properly fed. and carry a su r
To assist In controlling aphids In tha dairy cow continues to provide plus of flesh. Old hens th a t have pro
the apple orchard It Is best to spray weekly or monthly pay checks for duced eggs for one laying near nor
Just as the buds an- beginning to open. the farm er to m aintain his family and mally rest during the w inter nnd s ta rt
his regular agriculture operations. laying In F ebruary and March. It Is
Old apple trees may be prune-1 W here grain crops muat be financed advisable to keep a flock consisting of
heavier than young ones, for the stim through the year and held for a ready
tw o-thlrds pullets and one-third hens.
ulating effect of heavy pruning Is not
m arket, there Is such a demaDd for The pullets should be forced for win
so objectionable with them, but large dairy products that the farm er can
ter egg production through the lib-
or scaffold limbs should be removed ship her product day by day and be
eral mash feed. T he old hens should
only w here necessary.
assured of a steady income.”
be allowed to r e s t
so m e p ts o m S E o a d f r e e
.
■
' 1 cfrl
/i
LO ifW v I
A Liberal Education
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AMO T * LEARA1 FOtftJEARAMiSe, V/ATCHIkl
~rw EPTTOR (TASS U ? CHALICES TO UfCT
eVEU THRXXASH m s SOLL-MAlÇ V irtu
P e x s o H S v a a d h a v e d o m e h il a D i o r
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Horticulture Squibs
A hdthea - ewiuk vou i earu
F c l V S . muaaajj
m ature ,
is a u
A iv v r
t w ’ e d it o r . i «
PRETTY V utfis -To WUSAAJI BElUtfÇ, AUD
V."‘AT MAKES ’ EL* TICK
AU(7 O P BOURSE, VJRTT1HQ, S P E L U M ^
( x RAALAAAR a h o AU. TW’ «UpiLARklTS’ O P A
U (K HAL- COUCATIOM CAM RE PICKED U P M
AAN AJBVJSPAPWW. - N I C E
P eaches set fru it buds more freely
apon well drained sandy and gravelly
soils than upon dense soils.
Supplementing Com
Most hom egrow n feeds for dairy
cows ars high In carbohydrates but
Problem In orchard m athem atics: low In protein. For best results a
If th ree cents w orth of spraying per balanced ration Is necessary and while
tree will protect an orchard from San alfalfa h*y furnishes some protein It
Jose scale, how many trees should be dosa not furnish enough for the heavier
unprotected?
milking cow s
Fortunately, cotton-
• • •
aoed meal, which Is very high In pro
C uttlrir the firewood with a carpen
te r’a aaw la Ju«t aa aenwlble aa ualng tein. has been selling very rheap.
on* to prune the fruit trees Buy and so Is very economical to use In the
uae a p ’<Ml prunlug saw Efficient tools grain ration. Use one p art cotton
seed meal to four or five p a rts of corn
•wake It easier to do efficient work.
chon.
a
Time to Watch Rodents
It Is often a large am ount of tro u
ble to shut up the little chicks at this
season of the y ear but If the Job Is
neglected there Is apt to be a heavy
loss. B ats, skunks, coons, weasels,
mink and other anim als a re having
their young to feed a t this tim e of
the year and chicken m akes a favorite
dish for them. T his Is also a goo< j
time of y ear to try nnd kill off rodents
of all kinds. In many cases the young
will be found In th e nesta and they
*