RUSSI A'5 "LITTLE DAIRY
FACT5
P A R A D IS E '
PURITY OF MILK
IS TOLD BY TEST
Russian
Recruits In Crimea.
(Praparad by tba N ation al O eoarap hle
Society. W ashin gton , D. C.)
HILE the thermometer waa
40 degrees below aero In
Moscow recently, almond
trees were flowering In the
Crimea on the Russian shore of the
Black sea. This contrast emphasizes
Russia's vastness as well as It brings
to notice a delightful spot of the huge
country little known In Its details to
Americans. Yet at the same time, It Is
a lund with certain aspects known to
every school child. It Is the land of
the Cimmerians about whom Homer
sung In the “Odyssey" and from whom
the peninsula takes Its name; the land
of the Crimean war, the siege of
Sevastopol, and the "The Charge of
the Light Brigade” ; the land In which
Florence Nightingale first caused effi
cient, ordered mercy to have a part
In war.
The Crimen Is known as "The Lit
tle Paradise" to the Tatars, lust of the
many races to overrun the peninsula
before the land fell under the sway of
the Muscovite. A traveler Journeying
from the north Is likely to accept this
appellation, If st all. W ith a strong
mental reservation ns he crosses the
nlnsist desert-llke plains of northern
Crimes; but once over the mountains
that rim the southern shore he will
approve the description with enthusi
asm. There nature has made a won
derful garden spot, the Riviera of
Russia, a combination of sea, moun
tains and riotous verdure thnt really
vied with Its famed Italian counter
part In the dnys when czarhood was
In flower.
Though n part of what has come to
be looked upon on the whole ns "cold
Russia," the southern shore of the
Crimen brought to the old empire a
touch of the tropics. On the mountain
slopes and In the sheltered valleys
grow grapes, flgs, olives and all the
tender fruits; magnolias, buys, and
myrtles; and a profusion of wild flow
ers and grasses. That the delights of
Its mild climate were discovered enrly
Is testltled by the ruins of Greek, By-
aantlne, ami Italian architecture which
are to he found among the mosques of
the Inter Tatars, the palaces of the
Russian Imperial family and nobility,
and Ihp mngnifleent modern hotels of
the pleasure towns to which the pros
perous classes of Russln (locked before
the World war. Ynlln. In those care
free days, was Russia's Nice, Newport
and Miami rolled Into one.
W
Many Fascinating Featurea.
With a climate that borrows good
features from Florida and southern
California anil bad ones from many
plnces, the Crimen Is one of the most
fascinating bits of territory between
Portugal and f'ochln, China. Its popu
lace a congress of races. Its industries
ranging from the growing of subtrop
ical fruits and the housing of Russia's
elite ns they fled from the cold, to
the herding of sheep and the growing
of grain. It was a place of tunny shied
activities.
As the men of wealth of America
have their winter homes In Florida
anil those of western Europe have
theirs along the Riviera, the people of
position In Russln had their country
seats In the Crimea. And beautiful
placet they were, for In Russln the
rich were very rich. The height of the
■octal season win from the middle of
Angus) to the first of November, hut
there was also a winter and a spring
Season,
The peninsula la occupied by ap
proximately tIOO.iXXi people, mostly T a
tars, with a scattering of Russians,
Greeks, Germans and Jews. Cleanli
ness and morality are said to he pro
verbial trnlta of the Crimean Tatar«,
who have been undergoing the Influ
ences of russification for several gen
erations. They have taken up vine
culture, fruit growing, and kindred
occupations with a zeal seldom equalled
ei*t of the Aegean.
The Crimea la a peninsula that bare
ly escaped being an Island. It bangs
from the mainland of South Russln
down Into the Mack sen. like n gigan
tic watch fob shaped like a flounder
It Is attached by the narrow ribbon of
tbe Isthmus of Perekop, a strip of land
only three-quarters of a mile wide and
only a few feet above sea level. On
one aide Is the ltlack sen and on the
other the stagnant, shallow, melodor-
ous waters of the Slvatch, or Putrid
sea. a lagoon of the Sea of Aaov. This
Is the only broken nntnrnl land con
ncctlon between the mainland and the
Crimen. but a few miles to the east
n narrow part of the Putrid sen has
been bridged by the railroad which
enters the peninsula.
Still farther eastward a peculiar
natural formation, a mere threadlike
causeway of sand known us the
Tongue of Arnbat, stretches for more
than fifty miles from the mainland to
tbe buse of the "flounder's tall” that
forms the easternmost extension of
the Crimea. A canal has been cut
through this spit of sand near Its
northern end to connect the waters
of the Sea of Azov and those of the
Putrid sea. The intrenching or min
ing of these three narrow land en
trances to the Crimea would he a rela
tively simple matter from the point of
view of military engineering.
The greatest width of the Crimea
north and south Is 115 miles, and Its
greatest length from "head" to "tall"
Is 225 miles. It contains about 0,7<M)
square miles, and Is thus approximate
ly the size of the stute of Vermont or
the island of Sicily. Before the World
war Its population was about 2,1X10,000.
The Clmmerluns, Celts and close
cousins of the Welsh, were the first
people known to he In possession of
the Crimea, at the early dawn of
Greek history. They were driven out
by the Scythians. Coast communities
were established by the Greeks nt a
later date. The Huns overran the
Crimea when they surged Into Europe.
It was colonized by Byzantine Greeks,
Venetians and Genoese. The Tatars
Inter took control and set tip a Mo
hammedan state under a line of
khans. The Crltn Tntnrs, who give
the peninsula Its name, by reason of
their substantial admixture of Greek
and other bloods, have lost most of
the Mongolian features, being slender
In build, possessing nqullllne noses,
eyes that have lost the Oriental slant,
and countenances not quite bo Inscru
table ns the Eastern type. Bakshl-
Rarul, capital of the Tatars, remains
little changed today, a slice of Asia In
Europe. The dominant feature of the
old T atar city Is the palace of the
khans.
The Crimen was conquered by Cath
arine the Grent of Russia In 1771 and
remained a part of the Ruslan empire
until that political entity's collapse
In 1017. The hulk of the population
remains Tatar, though there Is an ad
mixture of both Greek and Italian
blood In the nominally T atar people.
In.the Crimean war fought by Eng
land, Erance and Turkey against Rus
sia the final test of strength came at
Sevastopol, on the west const of the
Crlmeu. Here the fnctors of unlimited
resources operated In the allies' favor.
Through their command of the sen
they could secure everything needed,
while the Russians could bring up
their supplies only across the barren
steppes, whose highways were ninrked
at every step by the dead und the
dying, both man and beast.
Sevastopol and It» Palaces.
It Is estimated that 50.01X1 British
soldiers lie hurled in the cemetery out
side of Sevastopol. Before the World
war this vast City of the Dead was
watched over by a German who could
speak no English, but who was proud
of his privilege of guarding the ashes
of those who fell at Balaklava and
Inkerman.
Sevastopol remained until 1917 a
great military post for the old Russian
regime, nnd It was as well the home
port of the Russian Black sen fleet
From there, according to cherished Im
perial dreams, was to go forth, on the
Russian counterpart of "Her Tag." the
forces that would wrest the Bosporus
and Dardanelles from the Turk, and
place the cross of St. George over Con
stantinople and the Cross of Christ
over Snncto Sophia.
The Imperial Large palace, to which
It was once decided to send the lata
czar. Is situated nt Llvndta, surround
ed hy a magnificent park It Is of re
cent construction, and waa complete!
only about fifteen years ago Hard
hy Is the simply constructed Small pal
ace, In an upper room of which Alex
ander III died. In no other country
In the world waa the reigning ruler
p o sse sse d of so many lands or such
extensive properties as was the case
In ltussla.
Southern Crimea la a garden land
Its fruits were famous In the north
ern Russian markets, slid from Ita
grapes a full bodied, spicy wine was
made. Vineyards covered more than
IP.tSX) acres of the Crimea, and from
them about 8.500,tt.WI gallons of (Ine
quality wine was made each year. Tbe
water« '.round the |<en,ns,ila abound
In delicate Ash, such as red and gray
mullet, herring, mackerel, turbot,
soles, plaice, whiting, bream, haddock,
pilchard, a species of pike, whitebait,
eels, salmon and sturgeon.
FINISHED FLOORS
KEPT IN CONDITION
String or Cloth Mop I t A l
most a Necessity.
When a waxed floor becomes dull and
grimy It should be given a morn thor-
ough cleaning with a cloth wrung out
of warm soap water, or better stul
moistened with turpentine or gaso
line. Both turpentine and gasoline
are very inflammable, however, and
should not be used In a mom where
there Is an open flame of any kind.
After the waxed floor la cleaned, rub
on a new thin coating of wax and
polish with a weighted brush or a
woolen cloth.
Oiled floors should be swept with
a soft brush and dusted with an oiled
cloth or mop. They may be cleaned
occasionally with a cloth wrung out
of warm soapy water and then pol
ished with a cloth moistened with
kerosene or a good floor oil. Excess
of oil should be avoided. Water and
soap should be used very sparingly
on oiled floors. Similar treatm ent Is
used for painted floors.
(Treperad br V ta. Atr)oa|,
VnltM „ St.tw
, , Dvpwtmen«
Finished floors can be kept In good
condition with a comparatively small
outlay of time and strength, but the
method must be adapted to the kind
of finish, says the United States De
partment of Agriculture. A string or
cloth dust mop, such as Is shown In the
Illustration, is almost a necessity In
the home where the floors are var
nished, waxed, oiled or painted. A
cotton flannel bag may be drawn over
the broom to serve the same purpose,
but Is not so convenient.
When the surface of the floor that
is cot covered by rugs is merely
dusty, such a mop enables one to go Various Excellent Uses
over It quickly and easily. The mop
for Cooked Rabbit Meat
should not be saturated with oil but
Cold cooked rabbit may be ground
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4
w.-üt’
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up and used Just as chicken or other
y i.
.
cooked meat Is used for hash, cro
quettes, shepherd’s pie, or similar
. r '■■■ •■
■
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,
i,
.
,
t.:«
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dishes, points out the United States
Department of Agriculture. Meat loaf
or meat balls may be made of raw
chopped rabbit meat In the same way
...¿ 7 • V
os beef or veaL Sausage cakes may
be made from twice-ground rabbit
meat with any preferred seasoning. If
pork flavor is desired one part fat
pork may be mixed with two parts
ground rabbit meat. Very good sau
sage flavor will result from mixing the
following proportions: three pounds
twice-ground rabbit meat, one minced
onion (which may be omitted), one
tablespoouful salt, one teaspoonful
pepper, one and one-half teaspoonfuls
powdered sage, one bay leaf, pinch
each of thyme and allspice, four to
six tablespoonfuls finely crumbed dry
bread or cracker crumbs, one beaten
egg, and one-half cupful of rich sweet
milk.
Guesswork In cheese factories and
milk plants baa been further reduced
A simple device known as the
methylene blue test reveals the quality
of milk accurately and quickly. The
cost of the entire equipment ts not
more than a few dollars. It consists of
a few dozen test tubes, two pipettes, a
water-bath, an alcohol lamp and a
thermometer.
The use of the test In Wisconsin
dairy plants has been Increasing stead
ily, says E. G. Hastings, bacteriologist
at the Wisconsin Agriculture Experi
ment station, who described Its opera
tion as follows: Ten cubic centi
meters of milk as it is received at the
factory is placed in a test tube along
with one cubic centimeter of a solu
tion of the common dye, known as
methylene blue. This Is then kept at
body temperature in a kettle of water
which is heated by the lamp.
The dye colors the milk and the
qnallty is determined by the length of
time required for the color to disap
pear, states Hastings. The lower the
number of bacteria the longer the
blue color remains. High quality milk
will still show the dye at the end of
5H hours, while milk of high germ
content will return to Its normal color
In 30 minutes or even less.
"Only one small sample Is necessary
to determine the condition of a pa
tron’s milk,” declares the bacteriologist,
who points out that the test has
proved of Immense service to milk dis
tributors and cheese mnkers who re
ceive milk of different quality from
a large number of farms. "Through
the use of the test. It is much easier
Lettuce Is Favorite of
to help the farmers Improve the qual
ity of the milk which they deliver.
All Salad Vegetables
Each patron mny see the result of his
Many home makers think that a salad
Going
Over
the
Floors
W
ith
a
D
u
st
test, and he can easily follow the
without lettuce 19 as Impossible as an
Mop.
effect of clean and sanitary practices
omelet without eggs. Though strictly
about the burn and milk bouse.*’
may be slightly moistened with floor speaking a stalk of celery or a radish
oil or kerosene unless the floor Is enten with salt Is a salad, lettuce is
waxed. If It Is necessary to give a the prime favorite of all salad vege
Utility Value of Pure-
floor a good oiling, another mop or
It Is also one of the green-lent
Bred Live Stock Shown woolen cloth should be used and kept tables.
group that contains vltamlnes and
The greater earning power of Im especially for the purpose.
minerals. Like the others It supplies
proved live stock Is shown In a cir
In general, varnished floors retain bulk too and so helps to keep the food
cular Just Issued by the United States their color nnd luster better If no wa moving through the digestive tract In
Department of Agriculture to be In ter Is used on them, but If very dirty a healthy way. Lettuce by itself Is so
striking contrast to the returns from they may be wiped with a cloth or mild In flavor that It needs a well
Inferior animals.
mop wrung out of warm soapy wa seasoned dressing. Adding a little
The publication, Department Circu ter, wiped dry at once, and polished roquefort cheese to French dressing or
lar 235-C, “Utility Value of Pure-Bred with an oiled cloth or mop.
grating a little American cheese over
Live 8tock," an answer to the frequent
Waxed floors should be swept with the top after French or mayonnaise
question: “What results from a utility a soft brush or mop entirely free dressing has been added Is an easy
standpoint can I expect from pure from oil. Oil softens w ax and should way of giving appetizing flavor to a
bred live stock?" The higher price never be used on It In any way. plain lettuce salad.
levels which constantly prevail for
superior animals, meats, wool, eggs,
and the like strongly Indicate that the
PLAN FOR FRESH VEGETABLES FOR TABLE
type of breeding animals used has
much to do with profit and loss.
The circular contains reports of
more than a thousand live stock own
ers who contributed their experiences
In the use of pure-bred sires. It has
Information on the cost of pure-bred
live stock, marketing pure breds as
meat animals, registration of pure
bred live stock, Incentives to raise
superior domestic animals, and similar
topics. It Is Illustrated and contains
twenty-fodr pages.
Copies may be obtained, ns long as
the supply lasts, on application to
the United States Department of
Agriculture, Washington. D, C.
Sunday School
» Lesson’
R EV. P. B. P 1T Z W A T E R . D .D ., D s s a
o f th e E v e n ln s Sehwsi, M c j.ly B ib le l a -
•titU te of C h ica g o .)
,
(iB. l» t * W »»t»rn N ew ep » p «r U n lon 1)
IB t
Lesson for March 20
T H E C H R IS T IA N 'S H O P E
LESSON T E X T — J oh n 14:2-<i II Cor.
5:1-10: I John 3:2, 2.
PRIM ARY TOPIC — Our H ea v en ly
H om e.
_
JUNIO R TOPIC— C h rist P rep a rin g a
Hume fo r C hristian».
IN T ER M ED IA TE AND SENIO R T O P
IC— Our H ea v en ly H om e.
YOUNG 1’E o P L E A ND ADULT T O P
IC— B e a u ty and P o w er o f th e C h ris
tia n 's Hope.
Supply Fresh W ater to
Cows and Get More Milk
Every body process of the cow re
quires water respiration, consumption
and digestion of food, carrying food
In liquor form to all parts of the body,
nnd the throwing olr of waste mate
rials. Approximately 87 pounds of
every 100 pounds of milk Is water and
this means that cows must have all
the wnter they want to drink nt least
two times dally In order to have high
milk produclon. *
Dairymen know thnt It pays to form
regular habits for their cows. After a
cow becomes used to cold weather she
will more nearly drink all she wants
every day, but sudden weather changes
keep her from It. It Is much easier
to keep a cow at high production than
It Is to bring her back after a slump
of some so rt
Dairy Notes
Calves should have salt as soon as
they begin to eat hay and grain.
• e e
A hand separator that Is not prop
erly adjusted will steal part of your
profits every day. So will a poor one.
• • •
Soy bean snd soy bean hay are high
protein feeds and experiments have
proved them to be valuable feeds for
the dairy cow.
e e e
Feeding boarder cows la worse than
throwing away money, for It Is also
throwing sway labor.
Kltchsn Garden on ■ Utah Farm.
( P r w s r s d by th e r a t t e d S te te e D ep a rtm en t
o f A trrlealtttre.)
When you lay out your garden this
spring be sure to allow for plenty of
fresh vegetables for the tnble during
the summer, na well as some for can
ning and some to store for winter use.
Two vegetables other than potatoes
should he served every day, according
to nutrition specialists of the United
Stntea Department of Agriculture, t*
supply an abundance of vitamins In
the diet. A salad of raw vegetables,
or lettuce and fruit, may be counted
as one of these vegetables, and If
taken In addition to the other two veg
etables suggested It Increases still fur
ther the chance that sufficient vita-
mine are being provided.
Succession of Crop*.
Plant the garden with one eye on the
menua Certain crops like snap beans,
e • e
lettuce, pens and spinach can be
Because he carefully selects his planted at Intervals throughout tbe
herd bull, one dairy farmer In an season, and consequently they will
other state says that he has Increased seldom he missing from the family
hts annual production of milk one table, after the first crop has matured
ton per cow In ten years' time.
A number of crop* can be given a start
• • •
of
ten days to three weeks If the seeds
Added variety to the cow's ration Is
are planted In a window box or “flat,’’
a good thing If It can be obtained
without much additional cost and Tomatoea, cabbage, peppers, eggplant
without lowering the food value of cauliflower and lettuce can thus be
started early.
the ration.
A small garden ts not hard to takn
care of If It Is carefully planned on
paper before It Is set out. On the farm
a good-sized space can sometimes bv
devoted to what Is usually known a»
the “farm" or "kitchen garden." A
garden planted In long, narrow rows
Is easiest to cultivate. Ono long row
may have several different vegetables
planted In It.
I. Assurance of a Heavenly
Home
(Jno. 14:1-3).
The announcement concerning the
death of Christ, accompanied with the
shaping of events which pointed to a
speedy accomplishment of the same,
shattered the disciples' hope. The
Lord told them that He was going
away and that they could not follow
Him. Thia brought great grief to
their hearts. They perhaps began to
doubt His Messlahshlp, but He did not
leave them comfortless.
1. He asked them to believe and
trust in Himself as Ood (v. 1).
“Ye believe In God, believe also In
me.” Faith In the God-man, Christ
Jesus, will steady the heart, no mat
ter how great the sorrow or Intense
the grief. If we will but place the
cares and burdens of life upon Him
our tears shall be turned Into Joy and
our despondency transformed Into a
radiant hope.
2. He assured them that He was
going to prepare a place for them In
His Father's house (▼. 2). He assured
them that that place would have an
abundance of room, for there wero
“many mansions” in His Father’s
house. We should learn from this that
heaven Is not an Imaginary place. It
is a prepared place for a prepared
people.
3. He assured them that He would
come again and escort them to heaven
(v. 3).
Jesus will not wait for His own to
come to Him, but will personally come
back to the earth and call forth from
the graves those who have died In the
faith (I Thess. 4:10, 17), and trans
form living believers and tnke them
all to be with Himself In the heavenly
home for evermore. When He said, “I
will come again,” He no doubt meant
Ills personal, bodily ant literal return
to this earth.
II. Assurance of the Resurrection of
the Body (II Cor. 5:1-10). T hat which
nerved Paul for his conflict even when
physical death threatened was the as
surance that even such violence would
but hasten his presence with the Lord.
As he faced the uncertain future he
was sure:
1. That his present body was only a
tabernacle, a tent In which he lived
temporarily (v. 1). Though this tent
were destroyed he had nothing to fear,
as there was a building to take Its
place. This house which Is to take
the place of the tent is
(1) From God.
(2) Not made with hands.
(3) It Is eternal.
Our natural body at best crumbles
to dust In about three score and ten
years, but the resurrection body shall
abide forever.
(4) It Is to be "In the heavens.”
2. He earnestly longed for the
change (vv. 2-4). The human person
ality Instinctively shrinks from a state
of disembodiment, but the Intelligent
Christian earnestly longs for the ex
change of the natural body for the
iplrltunl. We long to put off tbe per
ishable nnd tnke on the Imperishable.
3. This plan was wrought by God
(v. 5).
God did not fashion the body for
lenth. hut for life. God Is not the God
of the dead but of the living.
4. Believers should be of good cour
age (vv. 6-8).
While we live In this body we are
absent from the Lord, but because of
the Holy Spirit dwelling within us.
we confidently walk by faith, being
more anxious to be absent from the
body and present with the Lord.
5. The believer's chief concern In
this life should be to please ihe Lord
(vv. 0, 10).
Nothing matters—health, sickness,
strength, weakness, fame or obscurity,
friends or loneliness—provided at the
end of the Journey we hear the I<ord's
"well done, good and faithful serv an t”
II I . Glorified W ith the Lord (I Jno.
2:2. 8 ).
We are now God’s children, but the
change which awnlts the resurrection
has not come y et When It comes It
will reveal our wonderful future.
When the Son of God shall be mani
Economiis on Space
fest we shall be like Him In glory.
Plant only such vegetables as will When Christ shall come again the
yield good returns for the table In pro saints shall share His glory. This glo
portion to the space they occupy. It rious hope will transform the life. The
available ground Is limited. Potatoes one who has It will keep himself pure
corn, cucumbers, melons and peas re even as He Is pure.
quire considerable space. Lettuce
spinach, beets, carrots, snap beans ot
Overcoming Tem ptation
tomatoes are more economical of sjmes
Every time we allow a temptatl
and therefore adapted to growing m a
to overcome us we are weaker. Evi
small area.
time we overcome a temptation
The Individual tastes of the famllj
are stronger.—Living Message.
will, of course, determine largely what
Is to be planted In the garden. All the
Should Not Serve Sin
green leaf vegetables, such as spinach
That henceforth we should not se
cabbage, kale, swlss chard, beet green» sin. There Is no necessity to hi
and lettuce, are rich In vitamins. Gar
even a single evil thought.—Echoe«
rots, rutabagas, tomatoes and string
beana are also excellent. All vege
T he Peace of G od
tables furnish minerals and roughag.
The
ponce
of God w ill keep us under
as well as vitamins, and so are impor
«very trying circumstance.—Echoea.
tant In the diet of most persona.