4
The Great Outdoors
Where Bread, Meat, Clothing, Health and Vigorous Humanity are Produced
« A jkx cj-cra k çt-.y e lA iU h t a .
Sanitation Needed
Hints for Linn
Saving Oat Crop
Better Poultry Ie
in Raising Calves
•County Farmers
From Rust Enemy
Helping AU Stock
The »tand of clover on O. A. C.
field» ha» been improved 50 per
cent by the uae of lime on poo,
land.
Iu some hay field» good worker»
are getting 93 a day and board.
The crop is abundant and of fine
qnaliyt. What will the price be
next winter?
For pig feed O. A. C- eitinittes
wflole corn, ground wheat and
ground barley a» having about the
■atne value. They should be sup­
plemented with protein feeds, tuoh
as skim milk, tankage or fish meal.
Enough cow» hava been pledged
to assure a cheese faciory at Tan­
gent. Mrs. Peter Slate offers to
donate a quarter of a town block
for ite site. Here will be a chance
for the Holstein* to make their
best impreitjon.
_______
The aix caws that led all other*
in the four »mall cow testing udils
in Lincoln eounty last year aver
aged 339 pound» of butterfat and
returned $102 25 profit each over
food cost, while the least profitabl
herd, with 18 cow», averaged 195
pounds /a t that sold for 952.29
more than oost of feed.
Although Oregon has 100,000
oolouiee of bees, 10,000 beekeep
srsaod 91,000,000 invested iu bee«
and beekeeping equipment, many
carloads of honey are imported
into the state annually. The state
is capable of supplying enough
honey to meet demands and sup­
plant all of the sirup and much
of the sugar used.— O. A. C.
Growers, dealnra, retailers and
consumers now know that there is
a potato grading law with teeth in
it. There is a heavy penalty for
misbranding stock or failing to
have the grower’s name and ad­
dress on the eauk. The consumer
wants a guarantee these days, and
lie will buy only of those who
grade their stock and give him
choice— Market Agent Spence.
Clean and Scalded Utensils
Are Most Important.
Progress of “Better Sires- Much Progress Has Been
Made in Development of | P r * p « r * 4 S r i n * C n ittd S t * l * * D * p * r t m * « t
Better Stock’’ Campaign.
of A s rtc u ltu r *. )
Resistant Varieties.
In the raising of calves one of the
( V r e * * r « a S r t h * U n l«*4 S t« M * ZWparlR>*»<
A total of 1,164,657 foWla—all breed
Ing stock—ere listed In a recent re­
port Just issued by the United States
I Apartment of Agriculture as under­
going Improvement by the use of pure­
bred male birds. The fowls consist
principally of chickens, but Include al­
so turkeys, geese, docks, guinea fowls
and pigeons The report deals with the
progress of the "Better Sires—Better
Stock** campaign conducted by various
states and the deportment tor the 1m
provement of domestic animals.
I t la noticeable, however, that fowls
outnumber other stock by more than
two to one. The namber of cattle,
horses, esses, swine, sheep and goats
totals slightly more than half a mil­
lion as compared with considerably
over a million fowls.
Deportment live stock specialists
potnt out the educational effect which
Improved poultry bas on the hreedldg
of larger anlmnla and cite examples
In which a well-bred poultry flock was
• lie nieuns of causing the betterment
of other animals on the same farms.
Being prolific, poultry respond very
quickly to good breeding practices, In­
cluding the use of high-quality pure­
bred males. The report shows also
that the use of pure-bred sires In poul­
try breeding stock results In the own
ershlp of more than ten times as n u )
pure-bred female birds.
The small Investment necessary to
establish breeding pens of well-bred
fowls makes poultry a popular class
of live stock on which to beglD a pn
gram for Improvement.
Setting High Standard
for Dairy Production
Requirements for cows to be record
• il In the Advanced Registry of the
ilulsteln-Frleslnn breed are as follows
For yearly production:
Two y«*r*................. »18.0
Three y ear« ............... JIZO
Four y ear*.................. U ( 0
F ive year* ................t»0.0
pound»
pound*
pound*
pound*
o f tat
of tat
o f tat
of fat
In the 90d-day division they are re­
quired to make 80 per cent of the
Distrlois where drain tile havt qulreiuente for all-year test, with
been used extensively show a calving requirement making It neo
marked Improvement in prosper­ »ary for them to drop a live calf with­
ity. Drain uile not only carries in 14 months after their previous calf
off the excess water when it should was delivered.
Judge your grades as well oe your
be removed from the lend, but
pure bred» by thia standard- I f they
preventaeonring and furnishes air nre making these requirement» they
to the ground when it is most are the kind that will never make
needed.
Instsnces
are known their owner sorry that he la In the
where the tncreaeed production hy dairy buslne«». I f they are not. then
the use of drain tile has paid the strive to Improve by using good pure­
cost of the installation tile first bred slrea.
Judicious weeding with constructive
year.-*-H. R. Kraitzar in Oregon
breeding help» mightily toward sue
Business.
caedlng.—
It. Lascellea, Fleldman
for a Colorado State Dairy Commie
sloner.
re
H.
Jardine Advises
Earm Co-operation
Portland, Or.—Co-operative market­
ing end a Strict bualneagllke admin­
istration of agricultural affairs, said
W illiam M. Jardine, secretary of agri
culture. In an address at the Portland
Chamber of Commerce, will prove the
aalvatlon of the American farmer.
"I am a firm believer In coopera­
tive marketing." said Mr. Jardine. "I
am against price-fixing by the gov
eminent. Export corporation legisla­
tion such as has been recently pro­
posed would not. In my opinion, help
move the surplus of production that
has been the bane of the farmer
everywhere ever since the war.
"The farmer must learn to sell his
products; to merchandise the stock of
the soil as the merchant merrhan
dises his stock of manufactured goods
and aa Gary markets his steel.**
f Big hay craps will be the rule In
Lincoln county this year.
Sweet Clover Valuable
Sweet clover, like moat of the com­
mon legume», contains a large amount
of protein, thus making It a valuable
feed for growing stock and milk pro-
durtion. Analyses made at Idaho ex­
periment station Indicate that sweet
lover Is about equal to alfalfa as a
feed for live stock. I t carries about
the same amount of protein, la only
slightly lower In carbohydrates, and Is
very little higher In crude fiber. The
biennial yellow sweet clover la high­
er In crude fiber than the biennial
white.
T H E MARKETS
Portland
Wheat — Hard white, »1.60; soft
white, »1.65; northern spring, »1.68;
hard winter. »1.60; western white,
»1.67; western red, »1.60.
Hay — Alfalfa, »19©20 ton; valley
timothy. »20©21; eastern Oregon
timothy, »2»©24.
Butterfat— 44c delivered Portland.
Eggs—Ranch, 2» ©»Sc.
Cheese— Prices f. o. b. Tillamook:
Triplets, 37e; loaf. 28c per lb.
Cattle— Steers, medium, »S.00©9.25.
Hogs— Medium to choice, »12 50©
14 IS.
Sheep— Lambs, medium to choice,
» 9 5 0 ® ll 26.
Unusually good crops of grain are
reported by Silverton farmers this
season.
Haying began at Sweet Home last
week. This year's yield Is one of the
heaviest for several years. Much of
the crop Is being put up with balers.
Harvesting of grain Is under way
ta some pans of Umatilla county, ac­
Seattle.
Wheat — Soft white and western
centing to repons reoelved at Pendle­
ton
Favorable growing conditions j * h,,e 91 45; hard winter. 91.44; weat-
durlng the spring and the hot wave j "rn re'1’ • * 42; northern spring, |1.44.
have combined to hasten the ripening
H , ’r* Alfalfa, 914; D. C . US; tlm
of grain, and farmers predict an early ”***•
«■•«** hay. »24
Butterfat—4»c.
harvest
Eggs Ranch, 32 © 37c.
The hen ha* not yet been Interned
that can make eggs without shell ma­
Hogs Prims, 814 5O©14.75.
terial to work on. Oyster shell will
Cattle—Prime steers, »8 50©9.
supply the need.
Cheese—Oregon fancy to retailers.
• * •
29c per lb.; do standards, 25c; Wash
8weet clover make» a good hog pn*- Ington fancy triplets. 25c.
tura It la a hardy, vigorous-growing
legume, rich In bone-and muscle-build­
Spokane.
ing elements for pigs One acre »111
H
o
g
»-P
rim
e.
8t3Sn©13 60.
•
pasture twenty or more spring pigs,
o
dURff’F«
C attle— P rim e steers. »8 0 0 © S 6 0 .
( F n p a r a d Sy t l i * O a l> *4 S t» t*e t> « v *rta i*o <
• f A g rlo u ita r *,)
The fight to eave the o tt crop from
one of its moat formidable enemies,
black stem rust. Is being waged from
all possible angles known to science.
Not only la the disease being eliminat­
ed by the campaign to destroy Its al­
ternate boat plant, the common bar­
berry, but It la also being rendered less
destructive by the "armoring" of the
defendants through creating a natural
resistance In varieties. The United
State» Department of Agriculture la
allied
the various state experi­
ment athdona ot the oat-producing
areas In an effort to develop varieties
of oats that are naturally inmyine
from or highly resistant to the attacks
ot the disease. Two years' efforts to
single out varieties that are highly re­
sistant and to breed from them other
varieties that w ill retain this quality
along with other desirable characters
have shown remarkable progress In
the development of resistant varieties.
Resistant Varieties.
Thia spring the United States De­
partment of Agriculture sent to 51 co­
operating stations 16 varieties of oats
for testing for resistance under local
conditions and environment of these
stations. Included in these 16 vari­
eties were two selections, Minnesota
680 and 687, developed by the Minne­
sota Agricultural experiment station
from crosses between the Wbite T a r­
tar (White Russian) and a Sw r'lsli
Importation, the Victory, and Mlnotn
X White Tartar, respectively, which
have shown exceptional promise In
their resisting power for the past few
years at stadons In that state. The
Richland (Iowa 106) and the White
Tartar
(White Rusalqi4> varieties
which during the testa at 24 stations
during 1823 showed only a trace of
Infection, and leas then 1 per cent in­
fection last year, are atgo Included.
A new variety, the Halgtru Rustproof,
Introduced from South Aflrtca a few
years ago, showed equally good resist­
ance and will be further tried at these
51 stations tills year.
j
F ortify Against Rapt.
The expansion from 24 Nations co­
operating last year to a total of 51
stations In this country and several In
Canada, marks a renewed and deter­
mined effort to fortify the oat crop
against the losses from blartt-etem rust
by the development of resistant vari­
eties. A specialist w ill vlalt rtieh sta­
tion during the growing season to
check up on the results of the test.
The susceptibility to Infection <?t the
different varieties w ill bo measured by
comparing them with tho Infection on
control varieties, those which are
known to be defenseless agalns( the
disease and which will be sown In the
testing plats along with ‘the ones on
tr ia l
most Important requisites Is gpod sani­
tation. In discussing this timely mat­
ter, veterinary specialists of the bu­
reau of unlmal Industry, United States
Department of Agriculture, potnt out
that adult cows may tolerate certain
»rganltms that will cause serious dis­
turbances In the digestive tract of
ialves. The main constituent of a
calf’a diet Is milk, which also 1» a
favorable medium for the development
of bacteria.
When faulty sanitation exists, tome
of the bacteria that gain access to the
milk Intended for calf feeding may he
of the disease-producing type. For
this reason, department specialists
aay, sanitary mensares must apply not
o^ly to the quarters where the cows
and calves are kept but to the calf­
feeding equipment os well. Clean and
acalded milk utensils are needed to
safeguard the hand-fed calf against
possible disease. Ventilation and sun­
light also are essential to the well­
being of calves and should receive the
most careful attention of those en­
gaged In the rearing of calves.
In addition to the dally cleaning of
the calf quarters, periodical dlslnfec-
Ilon Is advised. By so doing, Infection
has very little chance to establish a
foothold and many of the more com­
mon ailments of calves will be avoided.
Rhubarb la not particular ns to soil,
but It thrives best In soil that Is mel­
low and fertile to a considerable depth.
Soils that have a high subsoil or hard-
pan are to be avoided. Aa the large
leaves and succulent stems require an
enormous amount of soli moisture. Ir­
rigation Is sometimes advisable for
this crop.
Warm exposures or soils
sloping toward the south are desirable
when earllness is the chief considera­
tion.
Candle All Eggs Before
Shipping to Any Market
Egg-Laying Is a Severe
Strain on Young Pullet
Egg dealers who are not certain as
to the freshness of their eggs should
candle them before shipment, says the
United States Department of Agricul­
ture. which Is planning a close watch
over eggs shipped Into Interstate com­
merce during the warm spring and
summer months. Under the provisions
of the federal food and drugs act, eggs
with yolks stuck to the shell, moldy
eggs, black spots, mixed rots, and
black rots, are classified aa adul­
terated.
Investigations have shown that It Is
commercially practicable by candling
to eliminate the eggs liable to be
graded as adulterated. The dealer
who candles his eggs before shipment
runs little risk of violating the law
or of having his eggs rejected at des­
tination. A number of states have
food-control measures providing for
the candling of eggs before sale.
Pullets from the chick stage nearly
up to the laying stage should not be
fed too much corn. The prime pur­
pose in feeding should be to provide
the constituents that build up bone
and muscle. The pullet lacking these
will not prove a good producer during
the winter months, and even though
she does begin to lay well she will not
be able to keef> up the pace because
the strain Is too great for her unde­
veloped constitution. Egg-laying Is a
severe strain on the pullet, and unless
a food bodily foundation bus been
built up and there Is vigor and vitality,
the fowl will not be able to stand the
grind.
,
I t Is when the pullet bas reached
Best.Soil for Rhubarb
a full, strong, mature growth thaï the
laying ration should be fed, and this
should contain corn— plenty of I t The
com will keep her In good flesh while
she Is laying and It Is Important that
she go to her roost at night with a
stuffed crop.
Growing mashes and scratch feeds
with little com In them w ill build up
a good frame, and a good range will
Induce vigor and vitality. Then the
egg machine Is ready to go Into action.
No machine of any kind can be effi­
cient unless It Is built to withstand
a strain. The egg machine la ne ex­
ception to this rule.
Sudan Grass Excellent
as Substitute H ay Crop
Sudan grass Is a floe stemmed, leafy
sorghum suitable as a substitute hay
crop. Recent trials by several agricul­
tural stations demonstrate that It Is
also suited to pasture purposes to be
alternated with Vie regular rotation
pastures. The crop recovers rapidly
when eaten off nnd roots sufficiently
well so that the plants are not pulled
up when pastured. Cattle relish It as
n green feed and seem to maintain
their milk (low as wqll upon It as they
do when pasturing the regular pas­
tures.
Dr. C. FIC Q , Dentist
“ PLATES
THAT
F IT ”
Grown*, bridgn work and filling’
i wf|l
pay you to get my prices on vo r ceuial work,
Cusick bank build p, Albany
Fighting to Extinguish
Dangerous Com Borer
The corn borer Is getting a great
deal of attention from farmers and
college experiment men in Ohio and
sduthern Ontario. Every conceivable
method Is being tried In a desperate
attempt to put a atop to bis ravages.
A burial experiment was tried out last
year at the Ohio Agricultural collego
In which 1.800 borers were covered In
stubble and stalks to a depth of five
or six Inches by the plow and then
the soil received ordinary cultivation.
Rhubarb, or pieplant. Is an Impor­ AU of the borers perished, not a single
tant perennial vegetable. Like aspara­ moth having been taken from the
gus, It produces a supply early In the cages placed on the plowed area. Thia
spring when fresh vegetables are In experiment would Indicate that thor­
great demand. New leuves appear ough plowing and covering of stubble
from early spring to mid sommer, but will he one of the big factors In the
the leafstalks produced early In the fight to extinguish this dangerous pest.
season »re mo»t In denrnnd and the
harvest does not usually last more
than eight week» A fte r pulling bns
stopped, the leaves are allowed to
The most important aid which the
grow and supply the roots with Itood poultry keeper has In fighting worms
material for the next year's ¿ertyp. and coccldiosls In their young chicks
Rhubarb roots a rt hardy and require Is the use ot new ground for the brood
no winter protection. T he plant Is coops. Too many producers keep on
capable of surviving both the extreme using the old runs year after year with­
heat of summer nnd the »Sold of winter out change and then blame their in­
In the central latitude.
ability to raise a large percentage of
Soy beans should do well on potato healthy, thrifty chicks to poor luck.
Very often the remedy la simple and In
land or timothy sod plowed.
a good many cases the moving of the
• • •
brooder houses and coops lsfell that Is
Toepecklng amoug baby chicks may
needed.
result from Inck of exx-rvlse.
Phone 226
C. P. Moody Agent
Rhubarb Very Important
as Perennial Vegetable
New Ground for Chicks
• • a
Kill new weeds whkeh. appear on the
farm before they get a foothold.
"Feed your soil and your soil will
feed you," 1» the slogan of the soil
fertility specialists.
4
WHEAT,
OATS and W h o le or G round $
BARLEY
w
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. __
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“"W
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M ALSEY