Illinois Valley News. Thursday, January 3. 1946
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N ews
President Maintains
IOWAOUND B ehin
New Deal Policies
THE/F
ow
Year-End Check Shows Some Change of
Faces but Not of Any Principles: FDR
Intimates Remain in High Posts.
By BALKHAGE
News Analyst und Commentator.
WNl) Service. 1616 Eye Street, N.W.,
Washington, D. C.
Sufficient time has elapsed since
President Truman went into the
White House to warrant a year-end
inventory of his reconstituted fed
eral setup, and the result adds up
to many changes in personalities,
but little switch of fundamental poli
cies.
In its numerical aspect, the
changes wrought by the President
suggest more of a shakeup than
actually has taken place, for there
still are many intimates of FDR
in high positions, some of them pro
moted by Mr. Truman.
James F. Byrnes, secretary of
state and top man in the Truman
cabinet, was lifted out of the rela
tive obscurity of a “career senator"
from the southland by Mr. Roose
velt He came within reach of his
present eminence under the guid
ance of the late President, who ap
pointed him to the United States
Supreme court, made him war mo-
bilizer and economic stabilizer, and
took him to international confer
ences which built him to the point
where he was a “natural’’ for the
state portfolio when Edward R Stet-
tinius Jr. was moved out by polit
ical party considerations. Byrnes
was schooled in the Roosevelt ways
and he continues along those paths.
Henry Morgenthau probably would
have remained as secretary of
treasury had the President who ap
pointed him lived on. But while he
was more a persona) friend, he
was less a political associate of Mr.
Roosevelt than was Fred Vinson,
the present secretary
And again,
it was FDR who brought Vinson to
the forefront—made him a federal
judge, then took him into the White
House to share Byrnes’ multiple
functions and burdens He had little
more than passing acquaintance
with Truman, and his present post
was a promotion for a “Roosevelt
man.”
Robert E. Hannegan, postmaster
general, was slated for that office
before Mr. Roosevelt passed away.
It is political custom to award that
plum to the winning party's national
committee chairman, whether the
Democrats or the Republicans win.
Robert Patterson, secretary of
war, came in during the Roosevelt
administration as assistant to Henry
L. Stimson, creating a team of Re
publicans in the top spots of the de
partment.
He was advanced by
President Truman when Mr. Stim
son retired, although there were
strong representations made to the
White House on behalf of other can
didates, practically al) of them
Democrats.
Original Roosevelt cabinet mem
bers retained by Mr Truman are
James V. Forrestal in navy. Henry
A. Wallace in commerce, and Har
old L Ickes in interior.
Anderton Took
Off ‘Heat’ on Food
Clinton P Anderson, the secre
tary of agriculture, won White
House entree during Roosevelt days
by taking the heat off the adminis
tration with a food investigation La
bor Secretary Lewis B Schwellen-
bach has been described as “more
New Dea) than Roosevelt."
Continuing,
it was
President
Roosevelt who brought Tom C.
Clark, the present attorney general,
into government service, placing
him in line for the advancement
which Mr. Truman gave him. Paul
V. McNutt, who left recently to be
come high commissioner in the Phil
ippine islands, was originally a
Roosevelt appointee.
Even in the intimate surroundings
of the White House will be found
several "hold-overs." notably schol
arly William D. Hassett, a presiden
tial secretary whose typewriter has
turned out many of the lyrical
speeches delivered by the late Pres
ident. and whose skill can be detect
ed by Washington newsmen in Mr
Truman’s more formal addresses
J A Krug remained at the head
of the War Production board until
it went out of existence, although
the new President was often critical
of WPB when he was presiding
over the senate committee which
bore his name
Almost every move made by Mr
Truman in organizing his official
family had underlying it a record
of Roosevelt association. There has
been only one notable discernible
departure from the administrative
status quo so far as fundamentals
go. and that was the appointment of
John W Snyder as chief of the of
fice of wai mobilization and recon
version. Snyder was a friend and
military buddy of the President for
a quarter of a century. But Wash
ington hears that the OWMR direc
tor is being sidetracked, that the
President is taking counsel with
Secretary’ Vinson on subjects that
rightly fall into Snyder”* bailiwick
and that a resignation has been of
fered.
There is nothing in the Truman
appointments to indicate whether
the President is turning to the right
or the left of center—using FDR as
“center.’’ Mr. Truman is franker
than most public figures and com
mentators — he says he frankly
doesn't know what "center” is.
imagines he’s about the same as
his late chief.
• • •
Opinion is growing in the capita)
that the government is "reconvert
ing’’ too rapidly and that the force
of speed without direction will have
harmful results.
Except for a few generalized
thrusts, the White House has shown
no disposition to come to grips with
the wage-price dilemma, hasn’t at
tempted to develop a comprehensive
program to eliminate the element of
chance, and, in the opinion of crit
ical congressmen, is simply trusting
that things somehow will work out
all right in the end if left to their
own devices
There is a striking example of the
haphazard system which has been
followed, and that is the retention
of OPA while permitting the Na
tional War Labor board to go vir
tually out of existence. WLB exer
cised a fair degree of control over
wage and salary levels, and with
wages the largest single item of
production costs, there is today no
agency effectively operating in that
field
Both management and labor
agree
the
President’s
radioed
speech on the subject clarified al
most nothing The result has been to
cut the ground from beneath OPA in
its efforts to maintain price ceilings.
Another example is the War Pro
duction board, which was permitted
to go out of existence on Novem
ber 3. Odds and ends fell to the
newly created Civilian Production
administration, but there is today no
raw materials allocation plan and
efforts are being made to create out
of export licensing a means by
which domestic industry might have
its needs fulfilled. The theory is
that refusal of export licenses for
needed civilian materials will back
those commodities onto the market
here
But its effort upon restora
tion of foreign trade is making con
gress unhappy.
There still are agencies in Wash
ington "winding up" the business of
World War I. and it seems entirely
possible that history will repeat aft
er World War II is officially over.
That day will be fixed by President
Truman unless he tarries too long
and congress steps in to do the job
Dissolution of the Office of War In
formation may supply an insight
into what happens when bureaus
which came into existence since
Pearl Harbor cease to exist. Ex
cept for changes in the top positions
and discarding of the domestic
branch, which always was a minor
part of the operation. OWI seems to
be a very live corpse.
Blanketed into the state depart
ment may be upwards of 5,000 OWI
payrollers They will continue, and
expand, a worldwide plan of infor
mation dedicated to the purpose of
teaching other nations more about
this country, its people, their aspira
tions, their accomplishments Aboul
2,000 more have gone into the bu
reau of the budget to continue their
present assignment, which is publi
cation of the United States govern
ment manual. Closing of the do
mestic branch actually affected few
er than 200 jobs in Washington
Larger, actually, than OWI’s for
eign branch will be the information
a) office of the state department, for
it will include also the public rela
tions section of the office of co
ordinator of Inter-American affairs,
which beams its material to points
south of the Rio Grande and which
heretofore functioned independently
of OWI.
B A K B S . . . by Baukhage
The British tried paying a head
bounty for every rat killed in rat-
ridden Hong Kong. They gave it
up . . • the enterprising Chinese
started rat breeding farms to make
more money.
• • •
The Japanese worn .>’» federation
suggests that every Japanese wfim-
an give up her kimono to raise funds
for food import* Strip for warmth
It is the boast of the Korean* that
it waa through them that Chinese
culture reached the Japanese and
led them out of the Dark ages The
Japanese idea of repayment was to
return the Dark ages to Korea.
• • •
Faver Castle in Nuernberg was
"modernized” by a rich wife Now
during the Nuernberg trials. 200
guests share the three bathrooms
SEW l\G CIRCLE PATTERNS
A Simple, Efficient Home Frock
Appliqued Jumper-Jacket for Tots
pcarsqx
FINDING MEN FOR
FEDERAL JOBS
WASHINGTON —Few people real
ize it but President Truman spends
a lot of time these days trying to
persuade people to take important
federal appointments.
An illustration was the tussle he
had with a*;‘ute 40-year-old Wilson
Wyatt, mayo’ of Louisville. Ky., just
appointed federal housing czar.
Wyatt w’as first offered just about
every job in the book. Postmaster
General Hannegan tried to get him
to serve on the important civil aero
nautics board, also to accept the joo
Jim McGranery wants to resign as
assistant to the attorney general,
one of the key spots in the justice
department.
The civil aeronautics board job
really tempted Wyatt, and he asked
for a few days to think it over. Next
day he got a phone call.
TRUMAN PLEADS.
“This is the President calling."
said a voice at the other end of the
phone.
“Mr. President. I’ve been think
ing," Wyatt said, “and I’m afraid
I’m goin-{ to have to turn down that
civil aeronautics job.”
“That’s swell,” replied the Presi
dent. “I have a more important job
for you. Please come back here
right away."
Next day. Wyatt appeared at the
White House, where Truman told
him about the tough job of co
ordinating housing.
“I consider this housing situation
the most important problem con
fronting the country today," ex
plained the President. "If we don’t
solve this one, we’ll really be in
trouble in a year and a half."
“But. Mr. President," said Wyatt.
"I’m afraid I can’t afford a federal
job. I want to go back home and
practice law. I need the money."
"I know you want to go back to
your law practice.” Truman said.
“I know you want to make some
money. But I don’t like being Presi
dent either. However, I feel I have
to do it, so I’m doing it."
Then, staring at Wyatt sharp
ly, he said. "How can I do a
good job If fellows like you
aren’t willing to come up here
and help me’"
This made a deep Impression on
Wyatt. Next day he called at the
White House for five minutes. Walk
ing into the executive office, he said,
"Mr. President, I’ve come in to sur
render.”
Ordinarily it is the work of a cabi
net officer to tender a man a job.
But now Truman finds he has to
phone men personally and beg them
to work for the government. The
other day, Truman who resents
criticism of his numerous Missouri
appointments, told one visitor:
"People
complain
about
all
these Jackson county (Kansas City >
appointments. But whenever I try
to appoint someone else, they are
too busy making money. At least
the Jackson county boys are willing
to take the jobs.”
NOTE—Actually most top fed
eral appointees can get jobs
paying twice as much outside
the government. Wyatt received
only $5.000 a year as mayor of
Louisville, could be making $50,-
000 a year practicing law.
IKE’S FIRST SENATE SESSION.
Gen. Dwight Eisenhower went
over big at his first meeting as chief
of staff with members of the senate
military affairs committee. It was
an off-the-record affair, for whicn
the senators went across the Poto
mac to Eisenhower’« office in the
Pentagon building for luncheon.
Sitting over coffee and French
brandy which he had just brought
back, Eisenhower spoke frankly
about Soviet Russia and other mat
ters. including co-operation with
congress in running the army. Dis
cussing his experiences as the chief
U. S. representative on the Allied
control commission in Germany he
declared:
“If the American people had
a chance to study the Russians
at close range, and vice versa,
I am certain there would be a
fine mutual understanding and
respect between the two peo
ples. I rubbed elbows with Mar
shal Zhukov and others and
have a high regard for them.
We enjoyed splendid co-opera
tion. I was always able to get
along with them.
“What most people don’t real
ize is that the Russians are a
good deal like us. They enjoy
life like we Americans, arc full
of fun and have a fine sense of
humor."
The general said he held no fears
about future amicable relations be
tween our own country and Soviet
Russia. There will have to be some
give-and-take in our relations, fie
said, but eventually things will
work out well.
Regarding hi* own relations with
congress. Eisenhower declared:
"This is a people's army and I
intend to run it like one, along dem
ocratic lines and in close accord
with congress. I am especially anx
ious to get along with the military
affairs committees of both houses.”
By P aul M allon ^
Released by Western Newspaper Vnlon.
ADAMANT ATTITUDE WILL
GIVE US MORE POWER
WASHINGTON — Sec. of State
Byrnes goes to Moscow! He says
the Iranian government will make
the trek klso. So both Mohammed
and the mountain go to Moscow
The senate, as all knowing individ
uals here, is worried Realizing this,
before his depart
ure, the state sec
retary took both
the senators and
the press into his
confidence jn off-
the-record meet
ings.
The attitude of
the worried sena
tors and individ
uals is this:
The Truman-
Sec. Byrnes
Byrnes foreign
policy has been
working well, by comparison with
the appeasement policy of the
Roosevelt administration, designed
to goad the Russians to ever great
er war against the Nazis.
We have not established much
except our position in China. Wc
have lost In Iran. The Russians
are in the process of conquer
ing that country.
But at least we have not lost
abjectly. We have won and lost,
by defending our position, the
charter.
Roosevelt
Atlantic
against make-believe freedom.
We ceased our losing because wc
had an adamant attitude, for what
we believed was right Does Mr.
Byrnes’ trip to Moscow mean we
have abandoned that attitude?
ATOMIC BOMB MAY BE
USED AS APPEASEMENT
Frankly, the senators think it
may. They think generally appease
ment of Britain (with money) is to
be followed by appeasement of Rus
sia (with atom bombs, concessions,
eye-blinking regarding Iran, China
and similar pretensions that conquest
of Europe and Asia by Russia is
unthinkable).
The mere fact that Mr Byrnes
goes to Moscow with atom bomb In
hand reminds them of Chamberlain
at Munich. That also meant "peace
in our time." Remember?
Their understanding Is re
inforced by two facts which I
think have been unpublished,
certainly have not been men
tioned prominently:
(1) Mr. Byrnes dropped his
adviser Jimmy Dunn for the
Moscow trip (Dunn had been
charged by Moscow enthusiasts
as being Fascist, Catholic and
otherwise unsympathetic with
Moscow causes), and (2) Mr.
Byrnes is taking In Dunn's place
Freeman Mathews, a butterfly
diplomat, who has skipped
around the world in his assign
ments, yet never got the repu
tation of being against Russian
interests.
Mr. Byrnes is also taking John
Carter Vincent, head of the far
eastern division, which Pat Hurley
said was sabotaging American for
eign policy (the Democrats sure
stopped Hurley, didn’t they. Senator
Connally?)
In answer and apology to this line
of thought. Mr. Byrnes' people ex
plain a crisis of the United Nations
organization Is now at hand, due
to Russian lack of co-operation. If
UNO is to be saved. Mr. Byrnes
must save it at Moscow, they say.
Unless Molotov shows up at the
January 7 meeting of the assembly
in London, it will mean Russia har
turned thumbs down on the Roose
velt formula for world peace.
REGULAR MEETINGS OF
FOREIGN MINISTERS
The meeting has been advertised
as a routine assemblage of the for-
eign minister*, a* promised by
Stalin to Roosevelt and Churchill at
Yalta
My inside information Is
that Mr Byrnes went to hi* office
on a recent Sunday and began read
ing the Yalta agreements They say
he found the agreement* calling for
meetings of the foreign ministers
every three month*. (They also
called for Independence of Iran.)
These meetings had not been held
The publicity men may claim
that the San Francisco confer
ence came in April (against
Yalta's January) and Potsdam
came in July, and London in
September — but these were not
meetings of the foreign ministers
as prescribed. The only one
which was what was prescribed
was the London gathering In
September, and it broke up In
complete failure, due to Russian
opposition.
Mr Byrne* thought, my depart- >
mental informant* tell me:
How about another foreign mini* i
ter*' meeting? He got Russian con
sent first (he needed it after the
straight Moscow rebuff of hi* Iran i
Ian note requesting early Russian
withdrawal of troop* from Iran)
In the face of the President. Mr
Byrne* asserted the White House
had confused the distinction between
colossal Big Threes (Truman, Att
lee and Stalin) and ordinary Big
Three*
(Molotov,
Bevin
an/’ i
Byrne»)
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C olds
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? A General Quiz
CN- (X- (X . (X. (X. (X. (X. (X. (X. (X- (X. (X. (X. fX. fx.
fX. (X.
The Quettion»
1. How many crimes are actual
ly mentioned in the Constitution?
2. What is an eleemosynary in
stitution?
3. How did Stephan Decatur
meet his death?
4. If a President of the United
States were impeached, what
body would try the case?
5. In what year were the women
of the United States given the
right to vote?
6. In South Africa what is a
kraal?
The Answer»
1.
2.
3.
4.
5.
6.
One, treason.
An almshouse.
In a due).
The senate.
In 1920.
A village of natives.
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