IV.. i: TKN
WEEKLY HOOVE RIVER COURIER
MINE FIRES, APEX LAW
AND WILDCAT SCHEMES
Mine fires often burn (or long
periods of time. Probably the beat
known mine fire In tbe United States
Is that near Summit Hill, Pennsyl
vania, ou the property of the Lehigh
Coal & Navigation Co. The Are in
Question was discovered February
15, 1859. and has been burning con
tinuously ever since in spite of sev
eral efforts to extinguish it. It be
gan and has continued In the mam
moth vein which, through this aec
tion, Is about 50 feet thick, and as
In the early workings of this vein
the coal was very imperfectly taken
out, a large amount was left for the
fire to feed upon. It is also close to
the surface and . the rocks overlying
the coal have caved and been broken
in many places, affording ample in
let of air and making it very diffi
cult" to seal off the fire by closing
up old passage ways.
Various schemes for checking the
Are have been tried, but thus far
have not proved effective. The dis
tance from the point of origin of
the fire tc Its present location is now
about 4000feet, and the burned out
area varies from 600 to 1500 feet
In width. Should the fire advance
much farther, It would pass over the
anticline and Into the Lansford val
ley In which the area of coal ex
posed to attack would be greatly in
creased. It was, therefore, decided
to attempt to seal off the Are by
clay barrier entirely across the coal
seam and preliminary work was be
gun December 18, 1908. The work
Is still in progress and It is esti
mated that 100,000 cubic yards of
clay will be needed to fill the shafts
and to construct the barrier.
The Ape Law.
The Apex law or right to follow
the vein indefinitely on Its dip, was
originated and put Into practice by
the miner, who believed that the dis
coverer of a vein on the surface,
was entitled to all of the vein In
depth as his reward; also that it the
right to follow tin' vein in depth
was not granted 1 :lm, he would of
necessity have to approximate a
large amount of ground on each side
of the outcrop or apex of the vein,
In order to insure his possession of
the vein in depth, which would work
a hardship on him In trying to hold
the ground and on others in pre
venting them from prospecting this
additional area. At the time the
law was originated, the 'true-fis-sure'
type of qunrtz vein was the
prominent and ruling type of ore
body known.
Such a vein occupied a fairly reg
ular fissure In the earth, and Is com
paratively clear cut and well defined.
It may be likened to a leaf within a
book. If all velnB or lodes were of
this type, the wisdom of the apex
law would he unquestioned. As
mining progressed, it was found that
ore deposits depnrted more from the
theoretical hlea of a vein or lode
upon which the law was founded, es
pecially in the cnse of base-metal
vein nnd lodes, and Impregnation
nnd replacement deposits.
The Questions that arose regard
ing the apex law wore of two
class.'. The first question was, !
who had the apex according to the
geological facts? The statutes, It'
was soon evident, had made no pro-1
vision for the varying conditions i
under which npcxos and clalm-Hnesj will
were found.. Having determined the i moved
geological facts ns to who had the! pi;,,,,
npex, what decision should bo ban-In,,, ,,
,i.,,i .i. , i ' .
linn I
The second question, one of law,!,,.,, .
, , ... i v li la i n
nas neen answered uy tne various
court decisions covering most of the
farms of apex and claim-line occur
rence, so thnt if tho facts of the
apex are established, tho law can
be applied. Tho first question,
what nre the conditions under which
t ho vein or lode occurs and who has
the npex, the question of fact, can i
only bo determined by geologic
Investigation nnd engineering work,
and Is tho difficult point in all apex
HIlIK
Wlltlititttm Gone,
The speculative era of gold niln-
tug has almost entirely disappeared
from California. The stock of not
a alnnle gold mine of California U
listed on the stock and exibanne
'l
boards, or puMlcly dealt In. Tl.MHy United Ure.n Lease I Wire
mining work Is now almost entirely
carried on by organized lompnnles
which provide capital for the enter
prise The day of the nomadic
miner Is virtually at an end, and the
men are now nearly all cmploved
at dally wages.
ri ... .
vu cimrso, uioro nre sun man ,
prospectors, but most of the miners
live in permanent thriving towns
near the larger properties, far dif
ferent from the old-fashioned primi
tive mining camp. High-priced of
ficials have been dispensed with, of
fice force and expenses reduced, and
only skilled men employed.
More railroads, better wagon
roads, cheaper supplies, Improved
methods of transportation, better
machinery at -rower cost, greatly Im
proved reduction methods and ap
pliances, adoption of proved modern
processes, careful saving of concen
trate, stronger powder, power-drills,
electric and water-power, heavier
and larger milling plants, more ex
tensive development, and generally
Improved systems and appliances
have all contributed In recent years
toward a change for the better in
gold mining In California.
MIXING ENGINEER RESENTS
"FRUIT AND FLOWER" TALK.
Declare California a Gold State, and
the Lending One of the
West.
Charles G. Yale in Mining and
Scientific Press:
"A few years ago somebody start
ed a catch phrase referring to Cal
ifornia as 'The Land of Sunshine,
Fruit and Flowers,' and the rail
road magazines and foldes keep it
steadily in use, working day and
night. Yet it altogether Ignores the
substance which brought California
Into the union, which peopled it,
and which made it famous through
out the world. All you who come
from what we out here call 'the
east,' have In jour own states, no
matter which, sunshine, fruit and
flowers. But your eastern states,
though having these things as we
do, have not the gold that we do.
Therefore the old designation of the
'Golden State applied to California,
should be revived, as being the most
distinctive term. It is worthy or
remembrance, too, that during the
dark days of the civil war this state
produced $172,000,000 in five years
in yellow gold, and saved the credit
of the nation.
"Gold mining has been carried on
in California since
" 'The days of old,
The days of gold,
The days of '49.'
and still continues. Since that his
toric year, and up to the end of 1910
the state has produced, In gold alone
$1,527,930,062. Since 1792 the en
tire United States' production of
gom has been $3,065,631,000, bo
that the single state of California
has, during that period, produced
approximately one-half of all the
gold from Alaska, Arizona, Color
ado, Idaho, Montana, Nevada, New
Mexico, Oregon, South Dakota, VtV
Washington, and the southern and
scattering states. In other words.
In US years all the other twenty
five gold-producing sections ot tho
United States combined have only
produced about the same amount ns
the single state of California has.
Moreover, It has taken California
but l2 years to product' Its quot'i
whirl) It has done at the nvernge,
rate of $2 1,(51 1.033 per year, or an
avernnc wold yield of $2.or3.fiC! uer
month lor the last 62 years. Hm
ll0, Hfornlu earned Its title of the
'(1"K1'1' State?'"
- - .
MlSSUl'ltl FLAT.
Yomu and family rerentlf
onto the Chas. Hurkhnlter
Mr. oung has charne of
pl.i.v for Mr. lttirlihalter for
coming year,
iue mceni. i annum l ron.. nml
dlliiioic returned Saturday
from a hunting trip at the head of
Grave creek. J, T. Cook, who was
with them, returned earlier In the
week.
Eugene Cm-Is. J. W. York, I lorry
Dolss and J. T. Cook are busy haul
ing baled hay to town.
J. W. York Is building n new
ho'ise on liU upper ranch.
George W. Swlnney has Jui' fin
ished the season's work on tho
North Sid. and Laurel 1 1 1 1 1 dhches,
John Hoh! and family recently
moved on the Willis York place on
the flat.
GOV. U l TO Jl
ni.GuiMU.i: or Govi itvon
SU.L'M, Nov. I. Governor West.
It Is said today, In d-dded to ;te
coup,in the governor' special
when t take a fly in n trip oast io
ttdvi'rtl-,. Onsen nrodiiets TI1..1..
', will he ;'t least t governors of
wen), in t h-. trlli. Mt Vu
lain ,: cl-'o of Uu
east wC be n.
Ited.
EfO MONOPOLY OR
LET SOCIALISTS RULE
v
MORGAN-TOWN, W. Va., Nov. 1. 1
Members e! President Taft's party
today are rejolcls over a tilt of house being well filled with ma-v-the
president last night with Pitts- queraders and spectators, many of
burgers, when members of the the latter olnlD& ln tne 'e8tlvlt,
. ' . , after the masks were taken off at
chamber of commerce of that city ,. on , . .
10:30 0 clock.
"baited" him. Tbe grand march at 9 o'clock re-
Several hundred millionaires and vealed many Interesting and amus
150 officials of the atel trust at- ing characters on parade, as well
tended a banquet there at-which several beautifully costumed
... , ,, ' characters. Three Judges were chos-
the president was nominally the , .. . .
v 1 en from the spectators, Messrs.
guest of honor. Despite this, the Am08 gmltn( Guy Gano and Fred
president was forced to listen to Smith, to act as Judges to select
Congressman Martin W. Littleton ln the two best sustained characters,
w iai yw, and they undoubtedly voiced the
ontl.f met law on1 a rlomotl1 fr it a
1 they named Miss Hallowe en lis
repeal - I the best for the ladies, and "Hobo,"
Littleton's denunciation , was . aa the leader among the gentlemen,
wildly cheered. ' When Littleton j The character of "Mls3 Hallow
concluded President Taft had only: e'en" wa3 well carried out by Mm.
19 minutes to catch hisrtrain. He Jack Allison, who wore a beautiful
was mad through. Realizing that; dress of cream satin, elaborately
he was being butcheredto make a trimmed with immense green velvet
Pittsburg holiday, he attacked Lit-1 leaves and vines, topped by a huge
tleton's argument in a way that was yellow "pumpkin" head, the whole
record-breaking for the stolid Taft. arrangement being most artistic and
Littleton had said the Sherman I appropriate.
law was Indefinite. Taft shook his
fists at the business men and shout
ed: "This law has been on the stat
ute laooks for 20. years. It has been
construed and constnfed and con
strued by the supreme court. Whea
on the bench myselr, I have had the
opportunity to consider. Its purpose
and effect. The two decisions ren
dered last spring were epoch-making
and in my Judgment give definite
meaning to the statute. They pre
there and you will find them If' you
will search, 'That any combluation
In restraint of trade with the pur
pose and effect of stifling or sup.
pressing competition, controlling
prices or establishing a monopolv Is
If vain violation of the statute.' I
say that the supreme court put into
the law Its purpose. I am talking
with men who understand busi
ness, 1 am talking to men wno knowjcan Tigers.
wiihi 1 am taming anout wnen I say
that men know whether they Intend
to stifle competition, establish or
control prices."
President Taft's face was suffused
with anger. The president almost
snreamed: "My friend and brother,
Mr. Littleton, offers what? What
does he offer except' the repeal of,
this statute and the enactment of
another which would be subject to
the same construction to be put In
the form of federal incorporation?
"I favor federal incorporation,
but that Is no reason foe repealing
... - lw,!
let the trusts then go into a federal
Incorporation act, and receive
1 ; ,, , "
they follow the law.
Only one course is open, gentle
inen. I say with all the slm c tl,
at my command that wo a, goinx
to have Individualism and freedom
fro,, (hose combinations which sup -
-" competition or else we are go -
mir mini; t n twtltvt u . 1 .
" 1,11
will
uuiimrKi mm ineso men shall
no longer exercise unjust
rights.
Then we will have socialism.
"I know' that 1 am KpoaUiig
against the learning of , mosi i f
these gen'.ietnen. I cannot help it.
The law on the statute books 1 lie
lleve to lie a Just law. The hnv
must be enforced, and stifling of
competition, establishment of mon
opolles and controlling prices must
cease or we must deliver it to the
s-m u im ii mi nave u in their '
hands to run tho entire business of
the country or take tho final stop j
and have a socialistic republic." i
President TaU was excited, lie'
pounded the table until the dishes
rattled. He cried: 1
"There Is no man within the,
sound of my voice but knows, If he'
Is In business, that If he Is trying, to:
control prices or stifle competition,'
the Intent Is easily proven by cir
cumstances. Can you tell me of any
corporation which has been punish
ed which should not have reon?
Show me where this statute has
worked unjustly. You cannot do l.
"If your purpose is honest ond
innocent, and you pursue the meth
ods of honest business, you can go
on and make your buMness ns hrin
ns yon choose"
IIAMMTS MOLD IT TRAIN !
AM RU LE s. MAIL '
Uy I'nlted Picks Leased Wire.
MEMI'IUS. Trnn.. nov. i.HoI.
Ing up the westbound Rock Island
mall and express train at Arkans.u
Junction, u' ross the Mississippi t.v,
from bore early today, two masked
robbers rifled the restored mail .
and escaped. ,
HALLOWE'EB MASQUERADE
The masquerade given at the Col.
Iseura rink by Manager Deetbs on
jjanoween wa8 a thoroughly sue-
cessfUi and pleasurable event, the
1 (no ice 01 iue wnuie grimci nig, wucu
J. Murray took the character f
the "Hobo" In a mirth-provoking
manner, the characterization being
complete in every detail. Mrs. Al
lison and Mr. Murray were presented
with handsome suit case unbrellaa
as prizes furnished by the Bishop
Clothing company.
JUD PERNOLL RETURNS
HOME FOR WINTER
Henry Pernoll, the great "south
paw," familiarly known as "Jud"
Pernoll, returned Monday from Oak
land. Mr. Pernoll was accompanied by
his wife and they left Tuesday far
his home at Applegate, where they
will spend the winter. Next year
"Jud" will g0 to Detroit, where he
will become a member of the Amerl-
Dr. and Mrs. A. I. Hayes, who
have spent the past two days with
their old-time friends, Mr. and Mrs.
Oliver Messinger, left Wednesday on
their way south, to visit at different
points In California. This is the flrut
meeting of tfce two families in 11
years. Dr. and Mrs. Hayes were
much pleased with Grants Pass and
the glorious weather.
IIOTH SIDES TO STRIKE
EXPRESS SATISFACTION'
PORTLAND, Nov. 1. Although
one month has elapsed since the
Harrlman lines shopmen went out on
strike, the men are still out and the
union ranks are holding firm. No
dl80rder8 beyonJ a OCC0Hlonal ,fisl
fl,ht been reported. Union
j leadPrR declare that they will win
! untlmntely. The various shops ar?
jbo, operated by small forces of
1 strikebreakers and railroad officials
declare the work is being efficiently
performed, something which the tin
lonists vehemently d.'nv.
YOl Mi SOETHERXOR SLAIN
I WHILE ITRSIING THIEVES
; NEW ORLEANS, Nov. I. --Edgar
j Fnrrnr. Jr., con bf the president of
! the American Har association, was
shot and killed here today by two
; bjirglufs whom he was pursuing at
inn early hour. The burgla -s es
. eaped.
THB
First National Bank
of Southern Oregon
CIUXTS'rAJU).
V. 8. IV(MwltorT.
Capital, Surplus and I ndlvldrd
Profit $100,000.
We invite the public to call
on us lu our new bauklnt quar
tern and consider our ability
properly to care for the banklm
needs of the community.
Our fire-proof and burglar
proof Safe Deposit Vault Ii now
icr us, md w offer for
n nt K,fety Deposit Boxes, rent-
l ringing from 12.00 to
IH 00 per year.
uti n-M I'ii Id On Time PeiwmlM
I- R. Hall, President
J r. CampMl, Vice Pres.
M. I.. Gilkry, Cashier
R. K. ILukett, Agst. Caihur
J. T. IVjr, Amlstsnt Cah!r
CTJIJ 1H1 Nl r-TlX, y f I JNIM ?Hl Nl
ROGOWAY IS FOUND
DEAD IN WOODS
MEDFORD, Nov. 1. The body of
Nathan Rogoway, a hide buyer of
Albany, Oregon, who disappeared
while .In this county, about four
months' ago, was found near Krngs
bury Springs by C. W. Moon" and A.
Barkley, of Ashland.
Moon and Barklay were hunting
at the time the discovery waa made.
They had penetrated about a quarter
of a mile into the brush when they
saw the body stretched under a pine
tree ln a small open space.
The man lay on his back and
one arm waa thrown out straight
from the body. The remains were
badly decomposed and much of the
flesh had been torn away by coyotes,
Announcement.
Now that the coul weath
er U approaoliing you will
undoubtedly want the pic
tures ie-franied or touched
up to give the room a cheery
effect tor the winter, or,
perhaps you ure
Going to Decorate
If so, don't forget we are excellently equipped with the finest
wall papers ln town beautiful designs to suit your room any
color, solid or mixtures. '
We also have some beautiful china and crockery ware that
will serv. as excellent gifts for the bride for Xmas. v
HALL'S ART STORE
wm
mm mmw;H'v ! S
mm
r-.- -.1. a
The
(
In whatever part of the House you want it, you can get it
best and quickest with a Perfection Smokeless Oil Heater.
The Perfection is the mojt reliable heater on the market, and you
can move it wherever you pteate. 4
Suit k in bedroom or Uhroom, tnd you drnt in comfort oa tU eoklnt
.nywU Drum, of p!n o, W.m,IW in blue, nickel himmingT
b.con.,1 AIIP.ItoM,ilyclnrd. D.H,pr Cool h.
Standard Oil Company s
' liMrprld)
J " ' ' ' ' 1
so that the body was not recogniz
able. One foot was gone and the
head lay several feet, from the body.
He was Identified by a ring.
It Is believed Rogoway was mur.
dered. v
Mm. S. Newell returned this af.
ternoon from a trip to her old home
in Indiana. Mrs. Newell has been
absent from her home here for the
past 10 weeks, during which time
she has visited many points of inter
est ln her native state, most of the
time being spent with her mother
and sister, ln Indiana. She reports
a delightful visit among the scenes
of her girlhood days.
It doesn't cost you anything and
probably will save you money to loon
'or rrn s'nre n.ls each evening.
Handy Heater
JERFECTIO
' Wmi I
- if rm 1
MUKUM a
You often need some heat
in early Fall, when you have
not yet started the furnace.