ROGUE RIVER COURIER. GRANTS PASS, OREGON, APRIL 24, 1908
WHEN YOUR MONEY
BRINGS THE MOST
We are offering special bargains just now on all lines of SPRING CLOTHING,
UNDER WARE and SHOES. It will therefore pay yoa to call at our tore if
you want anything in this lipe. We're also riving a specisll discount on Kaincoats
and Overcoats
Ask to see our bargain counter, closing one line of men's shoes at 33$ discount.
Fine line of Tailoring in charge of J. A. Larson
YOU CAN ALSO BUY YOUR
GRAIN AND HAY AT OUR
STORE
We will from this time on buy
Poultry and pay the highest
market price in cash
WHFN YOU FAT Youof course wiH anticipate the best there is,
1 1 Lli I vU Ln I and we are prepared to supply you with everything
in this line, and at the same time saye you money on your bill of goods, jln fact,
We Carry the Largest Stock of Groceries in Grants Pass
1 1 SMITHEBH OREGON SUPPLY CO.
S. V. MOODY
WOOD
YARD
Cor. H & 3d sts. Phone 434
1 Load Blocks. ...$3.00
Stove "Wood
1 Tier Manzanita. .... . .$2.50
1 Tier Oak $2.75
1 Tier Fir $2.50
ITier Pine '.....$2.25
Chunk Wood
1 Tier Oak.. $2.50
1 Tier Fir ..$2.25
1 Tier Pine $2.00
1 Load Sawdust $1.00
1 Load Kindling $1.00
First
National Bank
OF
Southern Oregon
Grants Pass, Oregon
Some of the Service that a Bank
Benders the Public
- DEPOSITS
The safest and simplest
way of keeping your
money is by depositing
it in a Reliable Bank.
This Bank receives De
posits subject to Check,
or on demand Certificates
of deposit or on time
Certificates of Deposits.
On time deposits we pay
4 PER CENT INTEREST
DRAFTS
The beat and cheapest
way to transfer money
is by Bank Draft. We
sell Drafts payable in all
parli of the country.
LOANS
One of the most Impor
tant functions of the
Dank. We enJearor to
supply all reasonable
needs of our customers.
Capital and Surplus $75,000
Stockholders' Additional
Eespom-ibility. . . $50,000
OFFICERS
L. B. Hall, President
J. C. Campbell, Vice-Pres.
H L. Guitt, Cashier
R. K. Hackktt, Asst. Cashier
ROGUE RIVER VALLEY ORCHARD OTES
BY CHARLES ME8KBVK
Secretary Q rant a Pass Fruit Orowara Association
Charles Costain
Wood Working Shop.
West of flour mill, near R. R. track
Tnrnin. Scroll Work. Stair Work. Band
Sawins.Cabinet Work, Wood Pulleys, Saw
Filing and ramming, Kepsinne all kinds.
races ngni.
rOlETSHONETHCAR
fr tkUdrmmt safe. attrw. Jf flmtt
Codlln Moth in Roguo RiverVklley
The oodlm motb .is the most trouble-
some pest that the fruit growers of
Rogoe Hirer .Valley hare to contend
against This is not doe to inability
to kill the peal' for it has been found
that an arsenate of lead spray is sore
death to the larrae of the moth. Bot
as this spraying mast be done just be
fore the larvae hatch, and few days
too soon or too late enables tne
worms to escape destruction, aad the
further fact that the different broods
batch at varying periods daring the
spring and sammer, and the dates
varying with each year as Influenced
by climatfo conditions, the fro it
grower is placed at-a great disadvan
tags in fighting the oodlin moth. At
the request of a number of the leadiug
frnit growers in the vlo nity of Med
ford, George W. Taylor, frnit in
spector for Jack sob county, undertook
lastytar a series of expeiimeots to
ascertain Just when was the right
time to spray for the codlio moth.
The results of those experiments is
embodied in the subjoined paper
which Mr. Taylor read at a fruit
growers meeting held' In Grants Pass
iu February nnder the auspiors of the
Grants Pass Frnit Growers Assc-ola-tion.
Mr. Taylor is considered by
Prof. A. B. Cordley, entomologist at
the Oregon Agricultural College, and
by the leading fruit growers of Rogue
River Valley to be the best posted
person in Southern Oregon on the
habits of the oodlin motb 'and on the
methods of exterminating it. As the
climatio and other conditions are al
most the same in Josephine county as
in Jackson county the information
that Mr. lay lor Rives in his paper
will be as valuable to the fruit
growers of this section of Rogoe
River valley as to the upper section.
"The origin of the Codlio Motb has
been discussed pro and coo for many
years, as many of you know, and any
comment on it in this taper I think
unnecessary. The Department of
Agriculture in its reports iliow a less
to the fruit growers of many milllcns
of dollars ancually through the de
struction of fruit by this pest. This
being the case, I think it is oor duty
to carry on a series of investigation
in order to sscertain the habits of the
moth in ' the various finit districts.
You will And in Rogue River valley
that the blossoms come and are gone
and the calix closed before the motb
appears. I think a number of
batoheries should be established in
this valley to that the exact date of
the first brood could be ascertained.
With the limited knowledge that
the frnit growers of Rogue River
valley bave of the life history of the
oodlin moth as affected by local
climtio and other conditions, it is
the most serious pest that we bave to
oontend with. There is no lack of
knowledge as to how to spray or what
solution to nse to kill this peet, but
the time to spray to do the moat effec
tive work in killing Hhe Jarvae, or
worms, is not known and herein is
where the oodlin moth causes snob a
heavy expense to the thorough fruit
grower and such a loss of frnit to the
careless orchardist. Owing to the
varying periods when the different
broods of the oodlin moth appear
daring the season, and the further
fact that spraying done a few days
too soon or too late does little dam
age to biood, places the frnit grower
at a disadvantge in subduing this
pest. The thorough orchardist to
make sure of the right dates for spray
ing sprays bis trees from three to five
times,. This gives blm from 95 per
cent, to 99 per cent, perfect fruit, but
eniails heavy expense in time and for
spray solution. The careless fruit
grower, who sprays when his farm
work makes it convenient and but
few times, incurs bot little expense
but is in luck if he has 25 per cent,
of his apples free from worms.
To ascertain when was the proper
time to spray for the various brood
of oodlin motb I have carried on a
series of experiments in breeding the
moths. In my search for cocoons I
had no difficulty in finding all I re
quired and many times more in the
various parking houses in the valley,
which shows the carelessness of many
of the fruit growers. Home 600 co
coons were found and on the first
brood, which were oolelcted from the
packing houses of tbe valley, many
were found in old paper and new
paper as well, on the rafters and in
the packing benches, old boxes and
new boxes, old disordered water pails,
cow bells and some in tbe nail holes
of the horse shoes that had been tacked
op in tho paoking bouse for good luck.
In one packing house was found a
piece of timber 2x4 Inches and. 6 feet
long, that contained 210 cocoons.
Now, I would like to ask you how can
yon control the codlln moth when
such conditions as this exist in our
valley? These cocoons were col
lected on May 10th and found ' in var
ious stags of development. Many of
the moths at this stage sre destroyed
by parasites which eat out the body
and leave the cocoon with a hole iu
the side. You will also find about
one-fifth of them die during pupation.
The pupation period of the larva of
the winter brood of motb I have kept
no record of as I thought it was of no
interest to the fruit growers.
To carry on these investigations a
tree was selected and enclosed by a
large cage or bouse made of fine wire
and wood work, the object being to
give the moth all its natural condi
tions. In this cage or house breeding'
cages were placed with the cocoons in
them and as they batched they were
released in the tree and a record kpt
of each moth.
Tht following is a list of the moths
a they batched from this first brood,
which may be Interesting ss it shows
when the largest number appeared:
May 22nd 1 June 13th 1
" 27th 1 " 14tb .' 1
" 28th ...I " 18th...... 1
" Wth " 16th I
" 81st I" " ' l?tli S
June Snd 1 " 18th 8
8rd S " ltfth SO
" 4th 4 " , 20th 8
" Sih 8 ' 21st 1
' 6ih 1 " 23rd 11
" 7th I " 24th 1
" 8th. 1 " 25tb 1
" 10th 8 " 26lb 2
" llth .6 " 27th 1
' 12th 1
Joly
28ih
29th
SOih
1st
2nd
8rQ
4th
6th
i
To find out the average duration of
life of the codlio motb 10 moths were
' selected and placed in hatching cages
land giveu all (he natural advantages
, possible. The followiug is the result
of the test:
June 20th to 80th 5 days
7in to joly a "
4 7 "
8 8 "
8 4 "
10 10 "
6 6 '
8 6 "
7 ... 4 "
10 "
Average life of a moth 6 1-10 days,
In from two to four days the moth
deposits her eggs on the fruit and
foliage of the tree. . From close ob
servation it will be found that many
of the supposed eggs are only a ooat
ins? tbe moth puts on tbe serf ace to
make the egg adhere to the surface of
the fruit or foliage. I hare watched
the moth deposit her eggs .and find
that most are deposited late in the
evening and very early in the morn
ing, and "perhaps duing the night
The largest number of eggs deposited
was 28, although this moth made 88
marks on tbe fruit and foliage, but
only 28 contained an enbryo. 24 of
these eggs batched and the other four
died in the egg. The following is a
list of eggs selected and it shows the
period of Inoubation : '
June 1st to 12th........ ....... .12 days
June 1st to 18th 18 days
June lOt'i to 18th 0 days
Jane 17th to 28th. 12 days
June 20th to 2ttth 10 days
June 21st to 80th 10 days
June 22nd to 89th 8 days
June 20th to July 3d 14 days
June 28th to July 8th 11 days
June 28th to July 10th 13 days
Average 11 l-o days
During the last day of inoubation
the life of the young larvae oan
plainly be seen through the shU of
the egg by tbe aid of a good glass.
Tbe shell ia composed of a white
transparent gelatine like texture. The
young larvae Us in a orescent shape
in tbe egg and on that side or the
egg where the opening is made to re
lease Itself, when tbe egg is deposited
on the foliage, whion I Una is the case
in tbe forepart of tne nrst brood. The
young larvae when released stops to
teed on the foliage which often kills
them. Others crawl direct to the
apple aud bore in the side. They
work very fast and disappear In the
aptle in irom two to five minutes.
You will find that many of the larrae
enter where.two apples touch or a leaf
touohes the apple.' Many of them
while traveling over ths appls hunt
ing a plaoe to enter select a spot of
spray and it being rough gives Dim a
good foot hold. Many of them die on
the surface of the apple and some
get through and die beneath the
skin. Many that enter the side re
turn by the side of the at pie and
those that enter by the calix return
by the calix and some by the side of
the apple. By close observatiou you
will find many wormy apples,
in which the larvae has been eaten
by ants snd by small black beetles.
I examined 20 apples and found 18 de
stroyed by the above insects. The
larvae s lile in tbe apple Is some
what varied as the f ollow inn will
show:
June 8th to Joly 9th 31 days
June 10th to July 10th 80 days
Juae 10th to July 4th 24 days
June 10th to July 6th 27 days
June llth to July 8rt 23 data
June llth to July 6th... s 26 days
June 18th to July 12th 24 days
June Ittth to July 6th 16 days
Tne nrst moth of the second brood
was deformed. The larvae entered the
apple on June 16th and came oat on
June 80th, and hatched out on July
9th. It had no legs and Its body was
deformed, but its wings were perfect.
Thej following is a list of the sec
ond brood of moths i
July 9th 1 August 2tth....40
July 17th 1 August 27th.... 9
July 22d 2 Aogust 28ih.... 7
July 25th.... 1 August 20th.... 4
July 20th.... 2 August 80th.... 2
Aogust 8th.... 9 August 81st.... 8
August Uth.. l September 1st.. 1
August 10th.. 2 September 2d.. 8
August 12th. . 2 September nth.. 2
August ISth.. 8 September Hth.. 1
August 14th.. 1 September 10th.. 1
August 15th.. 2 September llth. . 2
August lth.. 4 September 10th. . 1
August 17tli.. 8 September 19(h. . 1
Aogust 1Mb. .10 September 23d.. 2
Auuust 20th.. 4 September 2jth.. 1
August 22d.... 18 October 6'h...,l
August ?3d.... 7 October 6th.... 1
August 24th. .12 October 8tb....2
August 25th.. 14
Life of the Moth of the second brood
July 17tb July 20th. . . .4 days
July 2ad Joly 27th.... 6 days
Joly 25th July 29:h.-.6 days
July 26th July 29th.... 4 days
July JSMtd July 81st 4 days
August 2d AngnstAth . .9 days
August 8d August 6ih ..4 days
August 8d August 7th ..6 days
To test tbe incubation of the eggs of
second brood 10 female moths were
r laced in breeding cages. I selected
wo females and one msle for each
cage, but only two of the cages pro
duced eggs Cage No. 1. 80 eggs and
cage No. 2, 97 eggs. Id all of the
other cages, the moths fought and
killed themselves. These cages were
all placed in the open trees, branches
being inserted through tbe cages with
! good fruit and foliage on them. All
' ii ii ilur.ufofl r . n ,k. frnit anil
; none on the foliage. Iu cages No. 1,
26 eggs batched out; in No. 2, 15 eggs
hatched. From observation. I find
that a larger per oeutage of eggs of
the second brood baton than tne nrst
brood. The climatio conditions may
be the cause. As to the time the
larva of the second brood spend iu
the frnit I bave beta unable to ascer
tain for so many of the apples dropped
prematurely and the worms crawled
out and died.
I bave failed to find any trace of a
third brood of moths, wnich some of
the growers of the valley claim we
have. I think tbe nrolonged period
of the second brood gives them this
impression. I have 'tried to foroe a
third brood by artificial temperature
and moisture but up to this date I
have been unsuccessful. This closes
my study of the first snd second
broods of the oodlin moth, which
began on March 4th. 1907. It has
been a long and tiresome study but
very interesting to me.
Ashland Fruit A Produce Aeao.
M. C Llnnlger, who has been re
cently elected secretary and manager
of the Ashland Fruit & Produce asso
ciation, was in Grants Pass Wednes
day to consult with Secretary Me
servo, of the Grants Pass Frnit
Growers association, on 'points ooo
neoted with the regulations for pick
ing and shipping of fruit and the
markets, and also to bring about a
greater co-operation between the var
ious fruit growers - associations of
Rogue River valley . on matters of
oommon Interest.
The . Ashland association now has
162 members and owns its ware
house. ' Last season the Association
suffered a serions reverse by reason oi
a series of mishaps, but now a new
start baa been made and strain gent
regulations adopted and the outlook
is good for one of the most prosperous
years that the essoolation has yet
bad. Last season two cars of pears
were lost entirely by the manager al
lowing the growers to take their
own time to pick and bring to ths
warehouse their pears. It was over a
week from the day tbe first boxes of
pears were brought to the warehouse
before the cars were loaded. The re
sult was that the pears were overripe
and decayed when tbey arrived at
the eastern market and barely Slid for
enough to pay tbe freight Much
trouble has been bad heretofore by the
growers putting up short weight and
faulty and even dishonest packs.
New and stringent rules have been
sdotsd that will insnre an honest pack
and the members have to sign a con
tract in order that the Assoc ation
will handle their frnit and amply
i hem with paper, boxes and snrav ma
teilal 'The association charges the
members a commission of eight and
one-third per cent on all sales of fruit
aud a commission of three and one
third per cent on all supplies fur
nished, for this year the Association
will pay Mannager Liniger a salary of
f 1000 and also hire during the shipln g
season bookkeeper. An inspeotor will
also be employed who will inspect all
fruit before it is accepted by the Asso
ciation.
COFFEE
Schillincr's He;t i a KueiJ
f www aw mm v Mrfl
ncss-like name; you know
what it means; and ' it
means what you want
Tow inw ntures rear asst at yea essl
aW It. we say kiss.
Beware of Frequent Colds.
A succession of colds or a protracted cold
's almost certain to end in clirouio catarrh,
mm which few persons ever wholly recover,
live every cold the attention itdewrvessnd
rou may avoid this disagreeable distune,
(low can you cure a cold? Wliv not try
Miambetlain'a Cough Remedy T- lt'is highly
"ecommended. Mrs. M. White, of Hutler,
(Vnn., sa.vs: "Several years ago I was bother.
h! with my throat and lungs. Someone told
oe of Chamberlain's Cough Remedy. I he
wn using it ami it relieved ni atnnce. Now
ny throat and lungs ars sound and well.''
Air sale by M. Clemens.
. Colonial Rates.
As has been the custom for several
years past the Railroads leading to
the ooast have agreed on a colonist
rata, a little higher than in ysars
past, bnt still a very attractive rate,
and it ought to have the effect.of
bringing a large number of immi
grants to Oregon this spring. . Ths
rats Is effective from ' March 1st to
April 30th aud is substantially as fol
lows: from Chicago f38; from Mis
souri rlvr oommon . points, Counoil
Bluffs to Kansas City inolnslve, St.
Paul, Minneapolis, Denver, eto., $80;
St Louis, $.'15. W. TJsnal ' stopover
privileges will ,- be given on these
tickets. : 1414 tf
Young Men's Clothes
Edcrheimer, Stein & Co. - Makers
THERE'S a genteel atmosphere
about an Ederheimer-Stcin suit
that makes it the choice of most
young fellows. The makers know
how to combine style, smart pat
terns and expert tailoring in a way
to get effects entirely new, original
and exclusive. You'll say so your
self when you try one on.
Ytu'll likt thi invhibli stripi tfftttt, r '
mill irayi and irwvni. Sita up It 38.
P. II. Ilartli & Son
(Incorporated)
&2